Flavio Santos - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Flavio Santos
Journal of Animal Science
Feed additives, such as direct-fed microbials (DFM), are commonly included into feedlot diets to ... more Feed additives, such as direct-fed microbials (DFM), are commonly included into feedlot diets to improve rumen fermentation, gastrointestinal tract health, and overall animal performance. Among the strains of interest in DFM products, yeast, lactic acid and bacilli are highlighted. Hence, we hypothesized that the supplementation of different DFM would improve performance of feedlot Bos indicus cattle receiving a finishing diet. On day -1, 240 Nellore bulls were blocked based on initial body weight (BW; 374 ± 35.3 kg) into 1 of 60 feedlot pens (4 bulls/pen) and pens within blocks were randomly assigned to: (1) Control: no DFM supplementation (n = 20), (2) EFSC: 1 gram/head per day of a DFM based on Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Probios Precise, Chr. Hansen A/S, Horsholm, Denmark; n = 20), and (3) BLBS: 2 grams/head per day of a DFM based on Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis (Bovacillus, Chr. Hansen A/S; n = 20). There were 3 adapting diets and the fini...
Logic Journal of the IGPL
Robustness is a significant constraint in machine learning models. The performance of the algorit... more Robustness is a significant constraint in machine learning models. The performance of the algorithms must not deteriorate when training and testing with slightly different data. Deep neural network models achieve awe-inspiring results in a wide range of applications of computer vision. Still, in the presence of noise or region occlusion, some models exhibit inaccurate performance even with data handled in training. Besides, some experiments suggest deep learning models sometimes use incorrect parts of the input information to perform inference. Active image augmentation (ADA) is an augmentation method that uses interpretability methods to augment the training data and improve its robustness to face the described problems. Although ADA presented interesting results, its original version only used the vanilla backpropagation interpretability to train the U-Net model. In this work, we propose an extensive experimental analysis of the interpretability method’s impact on ADA. We use five...
International Journal of Clinical Skills, 2019
A growing body of neurobiological and anatomic data continues to provide an increasingly detailed... more A growing body of neurobiological and anatomic data continues to provide an increasingly detailed understanding of the role of amygdala in cognitive and motor control. We review evidence from past studies showing that the amygdala, which for many years was considered a black box, plays important roles in many neurobiological processes. The amygdala has key connections with the cortical areas, responsible for information processing that subserve emotion (fear, anxiety), learning, motor control, cognition, decision-making and social interaction. We conducted a review of current literature with 169 studies that met inclusion criteria to synthesize findings on amygdala and their influence on the neurobiological aspects. The findings demonstate converging evidence that the amygdala plays a pivotal role in motor, cognitive and emotional functions.
ABSTRACT Content Distribution Systems (CDS) are those designed to efficiently deliver (to interes... more ABSTRACT Content Distribution Systems (CDS) are those designed to efficiently deliver (to interested parties) a variety of contents. CDS may be classified in two groups. The first group (moderated) comprises the set of systems in which contents are checked against their descriptions before being published. The second group (non-moderated) is the set of systems without any kind of moderation. Since descriptions are of paramount importance to enable users to find contents, non-moderated CDS are clearly vulnerable to malicious interferences and susceptible to content pollution. Furthermore, colluding attackers may flood the system with imprecise metadata and turn the system into a useless content distribution platform. To protect the system from massive malicious behaviors and provide better Qualityof-Experience (QoE) to users, this paper presents a novel conservative strategy to mitigate collusion attacks in non-moderated CDS. The rationale behind this simple, yet very effective strategy, is to delay user's actions and randomly authorize them. Results indicate that this “artificial delay” reduces the effect of attackers in the system and, hence, increases user's QoE.
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2021
River freshwater contribution in the European Atlantic margin and its influence on the sea salini... more River freshwater contribution in the European Atlantic margin and its influence on the sea salinity field are analyzed. The impacts of using a new river discharge database as part of the freshwater forcing in a regional ocean model are assessed. Ocean model scenarios, based on the CMEMS (Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service) operational IBI-MFC (Iberia Biscay Ireland Monitoring Forecasting Centre) model set-up, are run to test different (observed, modeled and climatological) river and coastal freshwater forcing configurations throughout 2018. The modelled salinity fields are validated, using as a reference all known available in-situ observational data sources. The IBI model application is proven to adequately simulate the regional salinity, and the scenarios showcase the effects of varying imposed river outflows. Some model improvement is achieved using the new forcing (i.e., better capture of salinity variability and more realistic simulation of baroclinic frontal stru...
Journal of Animal Science, 2019
This study aimed the evaluation of the effects of three feed additives – sodium monensin (MON; 32... more This study aimed the evaluation of the effects of three feed additives – sodium monensin (MON; 32 mg/kg DM), Lithothamnium calcareum plus sodium monensim (LC+MON; LithoNutri® 5g/kg DM + 32 mg/kg DM) or a blend of essential oils (BEO; BioPhitus® 0.3g/kg DM) – and its interaction with two ratial groups of beef cattle – Nellore (NEL) vs. Crossbreds (CROSS) – on a finishing diet. Ninety Nellore bulls (initial BW = 394 ± 34 kg) and ninety crossbreds (initial BW = 406 ± 31 kg), were fed for 112 days, diets containing 8.5% sugarcane bagasse, 42.2% of fine ground corn, 41.7% of citrus pulp, 5% of soybean meal, 1.3% of urea, 0.35% of sodium chloride and 0.95% of minerals and vitamins. Treatments were NEL+MON; NEL+LC+MON; NEL+BEO; CROSS+MON; CROSS+LC+MON; CROSS+BEO in a randomized complete block with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement (2 racial groups and 3 feed additives). There were no interactions between racial groups and feed additives (P > 0.05). Regardless of the additive used there were...
Journal of Animal Science, 2019
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance and metabolism responses of finishing ... more Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance and metabolism responses of finishing cattle to dietary inclusion of corn ethanol byproducts. All diets were isonitrogenous and contained 15% corn silage, 12% soyhulls, 0.55 to 0.85% urea and 2.25% mineral supplement. Treatments were (dry basis): Control [8% whole cottonseed, 5% soybean meal and 56.9% ground corn (GC)]; High Protein Distillers Grains (HPDG; 10.3% HPDG and 59.65% GC); Dry Distillers Grains plus Solubles (DDBS; 30% DDBS and 39.65% GC); Wet Distillers Brain plus Solubles (WDGS; 30% WDGS and 39.65% GC). In Exp. 1, 268 Nellore bulls were blocked by initial body weight (423.3 kg ± 36.6 kg), assigned to 44 pens in a randomized complete block design and fed for 110 days. Dry matter intake (DMI) tended (P = 0.058) to be greater for DDBS compared with WDBS (11.2 vs. 10.3 kg, respectively). Average daily gain was greater (P < 0.05) for DDBS compared with HPDG (1.62 vs 1.45 kg respectively) and tended (P = 0.086) to ...
Journal of Animal Science, 2019
The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass traits of finishin... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls fed diets containing, on dietary dry matter basis, different levels of corn wet distillers bran plus solubles (WDBS; 0, 15, 30 or 45%) added with or without corn oil (CO; 0 and 3%). A total of 205 Nellore bulls (390 ± 25 kg initial BW) were blocked by initial body weight, distributed in 40 pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Diets were isonitrogenous and contained 8.5% sugarcane bagasse and 91.5% concentrate (ground corn, soybean meal, pelleted citrus pulp, urea, mineral). The WDBS (FlexyDDG®) and the corn oil were from SJC Bioenergia (Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil). Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS. An interaction between CO × WDBS levels was observed for dry matter intake (DMI; P = 0.032). In diets without CO, increasing levels of WDBS linearly (P = 0.004) reduced the DMI, but in diets co...
Global ecology and biogeography : a journal of macroecology, 2018
The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assembl... more The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene. The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record. BioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km (158 cm) to 100 km (1,000,000,000,000 cm). BioTIME records span fr...
Food chemistry, Jan 15, 2018
The determination of antimicrobials in aquaculture fish is important to ensure food safety. There... more The determination of antimicrobials in aquaculture fish is important to ensure food safety. Therefore, simple and fast multiresidue methods are needed. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantification of 14 antimicrobials (quinolones and tetracyclines) in fish. Antimicrobials were extracted with trichloroacetic acid and chromatographic separation was achieved with a C18 column and gradient elution (water and acetonitrile). The method was validated (Decision 2002/657/EC) and it was fit for the purpose. Linearities were established in the matrix and the coefficients of determination were ≥0.98. The method was applied to Nile tilapia and rainbow trout (n = 29) and 14% of them contained enrofloxacin at levels above the limit of quantification (12.53-19.01 µg.kg-1) but below the maximum residue limit (100 µg.kg-1). Even though prohibited in Brazil and other countries, this antimicrobial reached fish. Measures are needed to ascerta...
Journal of analytical methods in chemistry, 2017
A multiresidue method by UHPLC/MS-MS was optimized and validated for the screening and semiquanti... more A multiresidue method by UHPLC/MS-MS was optimized and validated for the screening and semiquantitative detection of antimicrobials residues from tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, quinolones, lincosamides, β-lactams, sulfonamides, and macrolides families in eggs. A qualitative approach was used to ensure adequate sensitivity to detect residues at the level of interest, defined as maximum residue limit (MRL), or less. The applicability of the methods was assessed by analyzing egg samples from hens that had been subjected to pharmacological treatment with neomycin, enrofloxacin, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline during five days and after discontinuation of medication (10 days). The method was adequate for screening all studied analytes in eggs, since the performance parameters ensured a false-compliant rate below or equal to 5%, except for flumequine. In the analyses of eggs from laying hens subjected to pharmacological treatment, all antimicrobial residues were detected thr...
Talanta, Jan 15, 2017
A quantitative and confirmatory multiresidue method for determining the presence of avermectins, ... more A quantitative and confirmatory multiresidue method for determining the presence of avermectins, benzimidazoles and nitroimidazoles in bovine muscle tissue by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed, optimized and validated, using a QuEChERS extraction. The evaluated performance parameters were linearity, selectivity, matrix effect, decision limits (CCα), detection capability (CCβ), limits of detection (LOD), limits of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, precision and robustness. The validated method exhibited linearity with coefficient of determination (R(2)) higher than 0.90 in the working range from 0.5 to 2.0 times the maximum residue limit (MRL) or the minimum required performance level (MRPL) for the studied analytes, except for closantel, for which the linear study range was defined from 50 to 200µgkg(-1). The method was selective in the presence of macrolides and lincosamides for all the studied analytes. The LOD varied f...
Talanta, 2017
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a fast, sensitive and simple liquid chrom... more The objective of this study was to develop and validate a fast, sensitive and simple liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method for the screening of six classes of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides and tetracyclines) in fish. Samples were extracted with trichloroacetic acid. LC separation was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 column and gradient elution using 0.1% heptafluorobutyric acid in water and acetonitrile as mobile phase. Analysis was carried out in multiple reaction monitoring mode via electrospray interface operated in the positive ionization mode, with sulfaphenazole as internal standard. The method was suitable for routine screening purposes of 40 antibiotics, according to EC Guidelines for the Validation of Screening Methods for Residues of Veterinary Medicines, taking into consideration threshold value, cut-off factor, detection capability, limit of detection, sensitivity and specificity. Real fish samples (n=193) from aquaculture were analyzed and 15% were positive for enrofloxacin (quinolone), one of them at a higher concentration than the level of interest (50µgkg(-1)), suggesting possible contamination or illegal use of that antibiotic.
Journal of chromatography. A, Jan 30, 2015
This work involved the optimization and validation of two methods according to the Commission Dec... more This work involved the optimization and validation of two methods according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC directives for determining fluoroquinolones residues in samples of poultry muscle and kidney: ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, difloxacin, enrofloxacin, flumequine, marbofloxacin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, oxolinic acid, pipemidic acid and sarafloxacin. The extraction procedure was based on a QuEChERS approach, whose optimization employed a Box-Behnken 3(3) factorial design. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed for determining the twelve analytes using the multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM). Accuracy, evaluated by recovery studies, varied from 88.8 to 112.2% for the selected levels with RSD values lower than 12.3%. The second validated method employed high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) performed in the single ion monitoring mode (SIM), determining nine among twelve analytes. The validation parameters were ...
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012
Peer-to-peer (P2P) has become a popular mechanism for video distribution over the Internet, by al... more Peer-to-peer (P2P) has become a popular mechanism for video distribution over the Internet, by allowing users to collaborate on locating and exchanging video blocks. The approach LiveShift supports further collaboration by enabling storage and a later redistribution of received blocks, thus, enabling time shifting and video-on-demand in an integrated manner. Video blocks, however, are not always downloaded quickly enough to be played back without interruptions. In such situations, the playback policy defines whether peers (a) stall the playback, waiting for blocks to be found and downloaded, or (b) skip them, losing information. Thus, for the fist time this paper investigates in a reproducible manner playback policies for P2P video streaming systems. A survey on currently-used playback policies shows that existing playback policies, required by any streaming system, have been defined almost arbitrarily, with a minimal scientific methodology applied. Based on this survey and on major characteristics of video streaming, a set of five distinct playback policies is formalized and implemented in LiveShift. Comparative evaluations outline the behavior of those policies under both under-and over-provisioned networks with respect to the playback lag experienced by users, the share of skipped blocks, and the share of sessions that fail. Finally, playback policies with most suitable characteristics for either live or on-demand scenarios are derived.
Proceedings of the 7th Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems - EATIS '14, 2014
Computational efforts for Alternative and Augmented Communication (AAC) must deal with two import... more Computational efforts for Alternative and Augmented Communication (AAC) must deal with two important issues, that slow down their spread: (1) the need for specific hardware and software in order to engage each different disability and (2) the different communication languages. This paper presents the PickNClick, a hardware/software apparatus that allows for ample AAC in Brazil. The PickNClick consists of a word and sentence prediction tool for Portuguese language to help people with cerebral palsy, in particular, spastic quadriplegic children. Experiments conducted presented good values concerning KSR metric and showed the software applicability cerebral palsy and spastic quadriplegic volunteer.
2011 IEEE International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing, 2011
A considerable body of research shows that Bit-Torrent provides very efficient resource allocatio... more A considerable body of research shows that Bit-Torrent provides very efficient resource allocation inside single swarms. Many BitTorrent clients also allow users to participate in multiple swarms simultaneously, and implement inter-swarm resource-allocation mechanisms that are used by millions of people. However, resource allocation across multiple swarms in BitTorrent has received much less attention. In this paper, we investigate whether currently prevalent inter-swarm resource allocation mechanisms perform acceptably or call for improvements. We use data from two BitTorrent communities and present results from trace-based simulations. Two use-cases for allocation mechanisms drive our evaluation: (1) file-sharing communities, whose objective is maximizing throughput, and (2) video-streaming communities, whose objective is maximizing the number of users receiving sufficient resources for uninterrupted streaming. To put the results from the analyzed mechanisms into perspective, we devise theoretical efficiency bounds for inter-swarm resource allocation, for which we map the resource allocation problem to a graph-theoretical flow network problem. In this formalism, the goal of the file-sharing use-case, throughput maximization, is equivalent to maximizing the flow in the network. The goal of the video-streaming use-case translates into finding a max-min fair allocation for BitTorrent downloading sessions, a problem for which we devise a new algorithm. The authors would like to thank Adele Lu Jia for her inspiring suggestions.
2006 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS'06), 2006
As Web Services and Service Oriented Architectures are adopted, it is increasingly important to h... more As Web Services and Service Oriented Architectures are adopted, it is increasingly important to have standard and interoperable means to deploy and configure Web Services. Within the Global Grid Forum, HP, NEC, and Softricity have been developing a standard for Configuration Description, Deployment, and Lifecycle Management (CD-DLM). In order to prove its feasibility, reference implementations are being developed. This paper describes an independent reference implementation of CDDLM and the experience in using Web Services for deployment in a standardized manner. Our main contributions are: the lessons learned in implementing this WS-based standard and an architecture for implementing CDDLM.
NOMS 2008 - 2008 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium, 2008
... Robert Adams System Technology Lab Intel Oregon, USA robert.adams@intel.com Ricardo Rivaldo... more ... Robert Adams System Technology Lab Intel Oregon, USA robert.adams@intel.com Ricardo Rivaldo1 Information Technology Department QI College Gravatai, Brazil ricardo_rivaldo@ gmail.com Guilherme Germoglio, Flávio Santos HP Brazil Porto Alegre, Brazil germoglio ...
2010 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium - NOMS 2010, 2010
Abstract BitTorrent-based file sharing communities are very popular nowadays. Anedoctal evidence ... more Abstract BitTorrent-based file sharing communities are very popular nowadays. Anedoctal evidence hints that such communities are exposed to content pollution attacks (ie, publication offalse&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#x27;files, viruses, or other malware), requiring a moderation effort from their administrators. The size of such a cumbersome task increases with content publishing rate. To tackle this problem, we propose a generic pollution control strategy and instantiate it as a mechanism for BitTorrent communities. The strategy follows a conservative approach: it ...
Journal of Animal Science
Feed additives, such as direct-fed microbials (DFM), are commonly included into feedlot diets to ... more Feed additives, such as direct-fed microbials (DFM), are commonly included into feedlot diets to improve rumen fermentation, gastrointestinal tract health, and overall animal performance. Among the strains of interest in DFM products, yeast, lactic acid and bacilli are highlighted. Hence, we hypothesized that the supplementation of different DFM would improve performance of feedlot Bos indicus cattle receiving a finishing diet. On day -1, 240 Nellore bulls were blocked based on initial body weight (BW; 374 ± 35.3 kg) into 1 of 60 feedlot pens (4 bulls/pen) and pens within blocks were randomly assigned to: (1) Control: no DFM supplementation (n = 20), (2) EFSC: 1 gram/head per day of a DFM based on Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Probios Precise, Chr. Hansen A/S, Horsholm, Denmark; n = 20), and (3) BLBS: 2 grams/head per day of a DFM based on Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis (Bovacillus, Chr. Hansen A/S; n = 20). There were 3 adapting diets and the fini...
Logic Journal of the IGPL
Robustness is a significant constraint in machine learning models. The performance of the algorit... more Robustness is a significant constraint in machine learning models. The performance of the algorithms must not deteriorate when training and testing with slightly different data. Deep neural network models achieve awe-inspiring results in a wide range of applications of computer vision. Still, in the presence of noise or region occlusion, some models exhibit inaccurate performance even with data handled in training. Besides, some experiments suggest deep learning models sometimes use incorrect parts of the input information to perform inference. Active image augmentation (ADA) is an augmentation method that uses interpretability methods to augment the training data and improve its robustness to face the described problems. Although ADA presented interesting results, its original version only used the vanilla backpropagation interpretability to train the U-Net model. In this work, we propose an extensive experimental analysis of the interpretability method’s impact on ADA. We use five...
International Journal of Clinical Skills, 2019
A growing body of neurobiological and anatomic data continues to provide an increasingly detailed... more A growing body of neurobiological and anatomic data continues to provide an increasingly detailed understanding of the role of amygdala in cognitive and motor control. We review evidence from past studies showing that the amygdala, which for many years was considered a black box, plays important roles in many neurobiological processes. The amygdala has key connections with the cortical areas, responsible for information processing that subserve emotion (fear, anxiety), learning, motor control, cognition, decision-making and social interaction. We conducted a review of current literature with 169 studies that met inclusion criteria to synthesize findings on amygdala and their influence on the neurobiological aspects. The findings demonstate converging evidence that the amygdala plays a pivotal role in motor, cognitive and emotional functions.
ABSTRACT Content Distribution Systems (CDS) are those designed to efficiently deliver (to interes... more ABSTRACT Content Distribution Systems (CDS) are those designed to efficiently deliver (to interested parties) a variety of contents. CDS may be classified in two groups. The first group (moderated) comprises the set of systems in which contents are checked against their descriptions before being published. The second group (non-moderated) is the set of systems without any kind of moderation. Since descriptions are of paramount importance to enable users to find contents, non-moderated CDS are clearly vulnerable to malicious interferences and susceptible to content pollution. Furthermore, colluding attackers may flood the system with imprecise metadata and turn the system into a useless content distribution platform. To protect the system from massive malicious behaviors and provide better Qualityof-Experience (QoE) to users, this paper presents a novel conservative strategy to mitigate collusion attacks in non-moderated CDS. The rationale behind this simple, yet very effective strategy, is to delay user's actions and randomly authorize them. Results indicate that this “artificial delay” reduces the effect of attackers in the system and, hence, increases user's QoE.
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2021
River freshwater contribution in the European Atlantic margin and its influence on the sea salini... more River freshwater contribution in the European Atlantic margin and its influence on the sea salinity field are analyzed. The impacts of using a new river discharge database as part of the freshwater forcing in a regional ocean model are assessed. Ocean model scenarios, based on the CMEMS (Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service) operational IBI-MFC (Iberia Biscay Ireland Monitoring Forecasting Centre) model set-up, are run to test different (observed, modeled and climatological) river and coastal freshwater forcing configurations throughout 2018. The modelled salinity fields are validated, using as a reference all known available in-situ observational data sources. The IBI model application is proven to adequately simulate the regional salinity, and the scenarios showcase the effects of varying imposed river outflows. Some model improvement is achieved using the new forcing (i.e., better capture of salinity variability and more realistic simulation of baroclinic frontal stru...
Journal of Animal Science, 2019
This study aimed the evaluation of the effects of three feed additives – sodium monensin (MON; 32... more This study aimed the evaluation of the effects of three feed additives – sodium monensin (MON; 32 mg/kg DM), Lithothamnium calcareum plus sodium monensim (LC+MON; LithoNutri® 5g/kg DM + 32 mg/kg DM) or a blend of essential oils (BEO; BioPhitus® 0.3g/kg DM) – and its interaction with two ratial groups of beef cattle – Nellore (NEL) vs. Crossbreds (CROSS) – on a finishing diet. Ninety Nellore bulls (initial BW = 394 ± 34 kg) and ninety crossbreds (initial BW = 406 ± 31 kg), were fed for 112 days, diets containing 8.5% sugarcane bagasse, 42.2% of fine ground corn, 41.7% of citrus pulp, 5% of soybean meal, 1.3% of urea, 0.35% of sodium chloride and 0.95% of minerals and vitamins. Treatments were NEL+MON; NEL+LC+MON; NEL+BEO; CROSS+MON; CROSS+LC+MON; CROSS+BEO in a randomized complete block with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement (2 racial groups and 3 feed additives). There were no interactions between racial groups and feed additives (P > 0.05). Regardless of the additive used there were...
Journal of Animal Science, 2019
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance and metabolism responses of finishing ... more Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance and metabolism responses of finishing cattle to dietary inclusion of corn ethanol byproducts. All diets were isonitrogenous and contained 15% corn silage, 12% soyhulls, 0.55 to 0.85% urea and 2.25% mineral supplement. Treatments were (dry basis): Control [8% whole cottonseed, 5% soybean meal and 56.9% ground corn (GC)]; High Protein Distillers Grains (HPDG; 10.3% HPDG and 59.65% GC); Dry Distillers Grains plus Solubles (DDBS; 30% DDBS and 39.65% GC); Wet Distillers Brain plus Solubles (WDGS; 30% WDGS and 39.65% GC). In Exp. 1, 268 Nellore bulls were blocked by initial body weight (423.3 kg ± 36.6 kg), assigned to 44 pens in a randomized complete block design and fed for 110 days. Dry matter intake (DMI) tended (P = 0.058) to be greater for DDBS compared with WDBS (11.2 vs. 10.3 kg, respectively). Average daily gain was greater (P < 0.05) for DDBS compared with HPDG (1.62 vs 1.45 kg respectively) and tended (P = 0.086) to ...
Journal of Animal Science, 2019
The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass traits of finishin... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls fed diets containing, on dietary dry matter basis, different levels of corn wet distillers bran plus solubles (WDBS; 0, 15, 30 or 45%) added with or without corn oil (CO; 0 and 3%). A total of 205 Nellore bulls (390 ± 25 kg initial BW) were blocked by initial body weight, distributed in 40 pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Diets were isonitrogenous and contained 8.5% sugarcane bagasse and 91.5% concentrate (ground corn, soybean meal, pelleted citrus pulp, urea, mineral). The WDBS (FlexyDDG®) and the corn oil were from SJC Bioenergia (Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil). Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS. An interaction between CO × WDBS levels was observed for dry matter intake (DMI; P = 0.032). In diets without CO, increasing levels of WDBS linearly (P = 0.004) reduced the DMI, but in diets co...
Global ecology and biogeography : a journal of macroecology, 2018
The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assembl... more The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene. The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record. BioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km (158 cm) to 100 km (1,000,000,000,000 cm). BioTIME records span fr...
Food chemistry, Jan 15, 2018
The determination of antimicrobials in aquaculture fish is important to ensure food safety. There... more The determination of antimicrobials in aquaculture fish is important to ensure food safety. Therefore, simple and fast multiresidue methods are needed. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantification of 14 antimicrobials (quinolones and tetracyclines) in fish. Antimicrobials were extracted with trichloroacetic acid and chromatographic separation was achieved with a C18 column and gradient elution (water and acetonitrile). The method was validated (Decision 2002/657/EC) and it was fit for the purpose. Linearities were established in the matrix and the coefficients of determination were ≥0.98. The method was applied to Nile tilapia and rainbow trout (n = 29) and 14% of them contained enrofloxacin at levels above the limit of quantification (12.53-19.01 µg.kg-1) but below the maximum residue limit (100 µg.kg-1). Even though prohibited in Brazil and other countries, this antimicrobial reached fish. Measures are needed to ascerta...
Journal of analytical methods in chemistry, 2017
A multiresidue method by UHPLC/MS-MS was optimized and validated for the screening and semiquanti... more A multiresidue method by UHPLC/MS-MS was optimized and validated for the screening and semiquantitative detection of antimicrobials residues from tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, quinolones, lincosamides, β-lactams, sulfonamides, and macrolides families in eggs. A qualitative approach was used to ensure adequate sensitivity to detect residues at the level of interest, defined as maximum residue limit (MRL), or less. The applicability of the methods was assessed by analyzing egg samples from hens that had been subjected to pharmacological treatment with neomycin, enrofloxacin, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline during five days and after discontinuation of medication (10 days). The method was adequate for screening all studied analytes in eggs, since the performance parameters ensured a false-compliant rate below or equal to 5%, except for flumequine. In the analyses of eggs from laying hens subjected to pharmacological treatment, all antimicrobial residues were detected thr...
Talanta, Jan 15, 2017
A quantitative and confirmatory multiresidue method for determining the presence of avermectins, ... more A quantitative and confirmatory multiresidue method for determining the presence of avermectins, benzimidazoles and nitroimidazoles in bovine muscle tissue by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed, optimized and validated, using a QuEChERS extraction. The evaluated performance parameters were linearity, selectivity, matrix effect, decision limits (CCα), detection capability (CCβ), limits of detection (LOD), limits of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, precision and robustness. The validated method exhibited linearity with coefficient of determination (R(2)) higher than 0.90 in the working range from 0.5 to 2.0 times the maximum residue limit (MRL) or the minimum required performance level (MRPL) for the studied analytes, except for closantel, for which the linear study range was defined from 50 to 200µgkg(-1). The method was selective in the presence of macrolides and lincosamides for all the studied analytes. The LOD varied f...
Talanta, 2017
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a fast, sensitive and simple liquid chrom... more The objective of this study was to develop and validate a fast, sensitive and simple liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method for the screening of six classes of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides and tetracyclines) in fish. Samples were extracted with trichloroacetic acid. LC separation was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 column and gradient elution using 0.1% heptafluorobutyric acid in water and acetonitrile as mobile phase. Analysis was carried out in multiple reaction monitoring mode via electrospray interface operated in the positive ionization mode, with sulfaphenazole as internal standard. The method was suitable for routine screening purposes of 40 antibiotics, according to EC Guidelines for the Validation of Screening Methods for Residues of Veterinary Medicines, taking into consideration threshold value, cut-off factor, detection capability, limit of detection, sensitivity and specificity. Real fish samples (n=193) from aquaculture were analyzed and 15% were positive for enrofloxacin (quinolone), one of them at a higher concentration than the level of interest (50µgkg(-1)), suggesting possible contamination or illegal use of that antibiotic.
Journal of chromatography. A, Jan 30, 2015
This work involved the optimization and validation of two methods according to the Commission Dec... more This work involved the optimization and validation of two methods according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC directives for determining fluoroquinolones residues in samples of poultry muscle and kidney: ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, difloxacin, enrofloxacin, flumequine, marbofloxacin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, oxolinic acid, pipemidic acid and sarafloxacin. The extraction procedure was based on a QuEChERS approach, whose optimization employed a Box-Behnken 3(3) factorial design. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed for determining the twelve analytes using the multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM). Accuracy, evaluated by recovery studies, varied from 88.8 to 112.2% for the selected levels with RSD values lower than 12.3%. The second validated method employed high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) performed in the single ion monitoring mode (SIM), determining nine among twelve analytes. The validation parameters were ...
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012
Peer-to-peer (P2P) has become a popular mechanism for video distribution over the Internet, by al... more Peer-to-peer (P2P) has become a popular mechanism for video distribution over the Internet, by allowing users to collaborate on locating and exchanging video blocks. The approach LiveShift supports further collaboration by enabling storage and a later redistribution of received blocks, thus, enabling time shifting and video-on-demand in an integrated manner. Video blocks, however, are not always downloaded quickly enough to be played back without interruptions. In such situations, the playback policy defines whether peers (a) stall the playback, waiting for blocks to be found and downloaded, or (b) skip them, losing information. Thus, for the fist time this paper investigates in a reproducible manner playback policies for P2P video streaming systems. A survey on currently-used playback policies shows that existing playback policies, required by any streaming system, have been defined almost arbitrarily, with a minimal scientific methodology applied. Based on this survey and on major characteristics of video streaming, a set of five distinct playback policies is formalized and implemented in LiveShift. Comparative evaluations outline the behavior of those policies under both under-and over-provisioned networks with respect to the playback lag experienced by users, the share of skipped blocks, and the share of sessions that fail. Finally, playback policies with most suitable characteristics for either live or on-demand scenarios are derived.
Proceedings of the 7th Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems - EATIS '14, 2014
Computational efforts for Alternative and Augmented Communication (AAC) must deal with two import... more Computational efforts for Alternative and Augmented Communication (AAC) must deal with two important issues, that slow down their spread: (1) the need for specific hardware and software in order to engage each different disability and (2) the different communication languages. This paper presents the PickNClick, a hardware/software apparatus that allows for ample AAC in Brazil. The PickNClick consists of a word and sentence prediction tool for Portuguese language to help people with cerebral palsy, in particular, spastic quadriplegic children. Experiments conducted presented good values concerning KSR metric and showed the software applicability cerebral palsy and spastic quadriplegic volunteer.
2011 IEEE International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing, 2011
A considerable body of research shows that Bit-Torrent provides very efficient resource allocatio... more A considerable body of research shows that Bit-Torrent provides very efficient resource allocation inside single swarms. Many BitTorrent clients also allow users to participate in multiple swarms simultaneously, and implement inter-swarm resource-allocation mechanisms that are used by millions of people. However, resource allocation across multiple swarms in BitTorrent has received much less attention. In this paper, we investigate whether currently prevalent inter-swarm resource allocation mechanisms perform acceptably or call for improvements. We use data from two BitTorrent communities and present results from trace-based simulations. Two use-cases for allocation mechanisms drive our evaluation: (1) file-sharing communities, whose objective is maximizing throughput, and (2) video-streaming communities, whose objective is maximizing the number of users receiving sufficient resources for uninterrupted streaming. To put the results from the analyzed mechanisms into perspective, we devise theoretical efficiency bounds for inter-swarm resource allocation, for which we map the resource allocation problem to a graph-theoretical flow network problem. In this formalism, the goal of the file-sharing use-case, throughput maximization, is equivalent to maximizing the flow in the network. The goal of the video-streaming use-case translates into finding a max-min fair allocation for BitTorrent downloading sessions, a problem for which we devise a new algorithm. The authors would like to thank Adele Lu Jia for her inspiring suggestions.
2006 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS'06), 2006
As Web Services and Service Oriented Architectures are adopted, it is increasingly important to h... more As Web Services and Service Oriented Architectures are adopted, it is increasingly important to have standard and interoperable means to deploy and configure Web Services. Within the Global Grid Forum, HP, NEC, and Softricity have been developing a standard for Configuration Description, Deployment, and Lifecycle Management (CD-DLM). In order to prove its feasibility, reference implementations are being developed. This paper describes an independent reference implementation of CDDLM and the experience in using Web Services for deployment in a standardized manner. Our main contributions are: the lessons learned in implementing this WS-based standard and an architecture for implementing CDDLM.
NOMS 2008 - 2008 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium, 2008
... Robert Adams System Technology Lab Intel Oregon, USA robert.adams@intel.com Ricardo Rivaldo... more ... Robert Adams System Technology Lab Intel Oregon, USA robert.adams@intel.com Ricardo Rivaldo1 Information Technology Department QI College Gravatai, Brazil ricardo_rivaldo@ gmail.com Guilherme Germoglio, Flávio Santos HP Brazil Porto Alegre, Brazil germoglio ...
2010 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium - NOMS 2010, 2010
Abstract BitTorrent-based file sharing communities are very popular nowadays. Anedoctal evidence ... more Abstract BitTorrent-based file sharing communities are very popular nowadays. Anedoctal evidence hints that such communities are exposed to content pollution attacks (ie, publication offalse&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#x27;files, viruses, or other malware), requiring a moderation effort from their administrators. The size of such a cumbersome task increases with content publishing rate. To tackle this problem, we propose a generic pollution control strategy and instantiate it as a mechanism for BitTorrent communities. The strategy follows a conservative approach: it ...