Fong Chan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Fong Chan
Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 1997
EJ560573 - A Model for Enhancing Rehabilitation Counselor-Consumer Working Relationships.
Journal of College Counseling
Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation
Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 2015
OBJECTIVE: This study examined data provided by the U.S. Department of Education’s Rehabilitation... more OBJECTIVE: This study examined data provided by the U.S. Department of Education’s Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA) in an effort to evaluate the impact of demographic variables, vocational rehabilitation services, and agency characteristics on the employment outcomes obtained by transition-age youth (i.e., 16 to 25 years old) with visual impairments and blindness. RESULTS: Results indicated that young adults who were male, Hispanic, between the ages of 23 and 25, not receiving Social Security disability benefits, and diagnosed with less severe visual impairments were more likely to become employed than younger, female, Caucasian young adults with more severe visual impairments who were receiving Social Security disability benefits. Receiving reader and assistive technology services also predicted successful employment outcomes. CONCLUSION: Results of this investigation document the importance of individualized VR services that promote long-term career success for transition-age youth with visual impairments and blindness.
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2015
Objectives: To examine the effect of rehabilitation technology interventions on the employment or... more Objectives: To examine the effect of rehabilitation technology interventions on the employment or job retention outcomes of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) served by the state-federal vocational rehabilitation program using a case-control study design.Participants: Data for this study were extracted from the Rehabilitation Services Administration Case Service Report database. The sample included 8,715 individuals with MS aged between 16 and 64 years old whose cases were closed between the fiscal years of 2007 and 2011.Outcome measure: Competitive employment.Results: The classification and regression tree method identified 5 homogeneous subgroups ranging from high to low propensity to receive rehabilitation technology services. Specifically, individuals with MS employed at application were most likely to receive rehabilitation technology intervention. The effect of rehabilitation technology on job retention was especially strong for individuals aged 35 years or older with a ...
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2015
Purpose:To examine demographic, functional, and clinical multiple sclerosis (MS) variables affect... more Purpose:To examine demographic, functional, and clinical multiple sclerosis (MS) variables affecting employment status in a national sample of adults with MS in the United States.Method:The sample included 4,142 working-age (20–65 years) Americans with MS (79.1% female) who participated in a national survey. The mean age of participants was 51.93 years (SD= 8.7). The dependent variable was employment status. The predictor variables included a set of demographic, functional, and MS variables.Results:The chi-squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID) analysis indicated that participants who were receiving Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) had significantly lower rates of employment (8.6%) than those who were not receiving SSDI (53.9%). For those not receiving SSDI, the most important factor predicting employment status was MS impact on physical functioning, as measured with the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale Physical Impact scale.Conclusion:The data-mining approach (i.e...
Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 2014
Radiologic technology
Physical and Occupational Therapists in large urban hospitals rated the prestige of 13 allied hea... more Physical and Occupational Therapists in large urban hospitals rated the prestige of 13 allied health professions, generally hospital based. Radiologic Technologist was ranked 13th by PTs and 12th by OTs. PTs were more negative with 35% using ratings below "average," while OTs assigned 28%. Only 27% of the PTs used ratings above "average," while 33% of the OTs did so. Prestige scores derived for Radiologic Technologists placed them among nonprofessionals.
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 2014
Journal of College Counseling, 1999
This study examined the counseling expectancies of Korean international students in the United St... more This study examined the counseling expectancies of Korean international students in the United States. The results indicated that Korean students expected to terminate counseling quickly if the process was viewed as unpleasant or did not seem to be immediately helpful. The Korean students expected to approach counseling as a classroom learning situation in which they could present problems, ask questions about the problems, and work on assignments to solve the problems. Implications for outreaching and counseling Korean international students are discussed. Research studies with Asian Americans and international students from Asia in the United States have revealed that the preferred counseling styles among these groups frequently differ from the assumptions of Western psychotherapies (
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2013
This study examined the impact of positive psychological traits (positive coping, self-efficacy, ... more This study examined the impact of positive psychological traits (positive coping, self-efficacy, and self-esteem) on the relationship between seizure severity and life satisfaction among individuals with epilepsy. Hierarchical regression analysis and correlation techniques were used to test a hypothesized tri-mediation model of life satisfaction for individuals with epilepsy. Results indicated that seizure severity and positive human traits, including positive coping, self-efficacy, and self-esteem, were indeed associated with overall life satisfaction. Self-efficacy and self-esteem (but not positive coping) fully mediated the relationship between seizure severity and life satisfaction, lending support for a dual-mediation model. These findings suggest there may be considerable value for rehabilitation psychologists and counselors to develop specialized intervention programs that focus on capitalizing these positive human traits to promote life satisfaction and well-being for client...
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2013
Objective: To evaluate Snyder’s (2002) hope theory as a motivational model of community participa... more Objective: To evaluate Snyder’s (2002) hope theory as a motivational model of community participation and life satisfaction.Design: Quantitative descriptive design using path analysis.Setting: Manitoba chapter of the Canadian Paraplegic Association.Participants: One-hundred and sixteen participants with spinal cord injuries who were members of the Manitoba chapter of the Canadian Paraplegic Association.Results: The respecified path-analytic hope model of participation and life satisfaction fits the data reasonably well, with χ2/df = 2.58; GFI = .95; and CFI = .95. Participation—with indirect effects of causality, perceived control, resilience, agency thinking, and pathways thinking—explained 32% of the variance in life satisfaction. Causality and agency thinking—with indirect effects of perceived control, resilience, and pathways thinking—explained 40% of the variance in participation.Conclusion: Synder’s hope theory as a motivational model of participation and life satisfaction was...
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2013
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the measurement structure of the Connor-Davidson ... more The main objective of this study is to evaluate the measurement structure of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) as a positive psychology measure for people with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) using confirmatory factor analysis. The participants consisted of 274 Canadians with SCI living in the community. The result indicated that the 5-factor intercorrelated model fits the data reasonably well (χ2 = 635.20; p value < .001; χ2/df = 2.40; CFI = .90; RMSEA = 0.07). These 5 factors (personal competence, high standards, and tenacity; trust in one’s instincts, tolerance of negative affect, and strengthening effects of stress; positive acceptance of change and secure relationships; control; and spiritual influence) correlated positively with disability acceptance and happiness, and inversely related to depression. The reliability of the 5 subscales was good ranging from .65 to .92. In conclusion, the results of this study confirmed that the 5-factor structure of the CD-RISC obs...
A Practical Guide for Clinicians, 2005
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2013
The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling, 2013
This selective review provides an overview of salient research findings related to employers'... more This selective review provides an overview of salient research findings related to employers' attitudes towards disability and prospective influences on employers to improve employment outcomes of people with disabilities. Research studies included for review are mainly those which investigated employer attitudes towards disability as predispositions to hiring people with disability. Selected studies were classified into three categories including hiring and accommodating employees with disabilities, work performance, and affective reactions and behavioural intentions of employers. Excluded from the review were studies that investigated other factors influencing employer attitudes toward disability. Altogether 34 research studies from the period of 1987 until 2012 were included in the review. Primary databases for the review included ProQuest, Ebscohost, Lexus Nexus, ERICK Database and the Sage Sociology Collection. This review of the demand-side employment literature suggests e...
Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 2013
The main objective of this study was to examine the mediational and moderational effect of exerci... more The main objective of this study was to examine the mediational and moderational effect of exercise, diet, and stress management on the relationship between functional disability and health-related quality of life. Quantitative descriptive research design using multiple regression and correlation techniques was used. Participants were 215 individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Outcome measure used was health-related quality of life as measured by the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12v2). Functional disability and health-promoting behaviors including exercise, diet, and stress management were found to be associated with health-related quality of life. Exercise and stress management (but not diet) were partial mediators between functional disability and health-related quality of life. Exercise was found to be a moderator between functional disability and health-related quality of life. Exercise had a stronger effect on health-related quality of life for i...
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 2013
Background: The continuing medical education (CME) community is undergoing a period of reexaminat... more Background: The continuing medical education (CME) community is undergoing a period of reexamination arising in part from the need to answer 2 central questions: is learning taking place and are we improving patient care? Because activity evaluation and outcomes results are generally not openly disseminated, progress in this area may be limited to individuals or restricted to individual organizations and thus less likely to be leveraged across the CME community. For the CME community to move forward as a whole, educational needs assessments and outcomes measurement information must be disseminated. We performed a survey to collect feedback and recommendations from the CME community regarding the concept of a Needs Assessment and Educational Outcomes Measurement Interface (NAEOMI) as a forum for the open, transparent sharing of needs assessment and outcomes information. Methods: After observing trends among CME providers and accrediting bodies, we developed a survey intended to assess the CME community's attitudes toward information sharing. The survey consisted of 2 demographic questions and 11 open-ended questions regarding general components involved in an educational needs assessment and outcomes measurement information-sharing framework. The survey was distributed by e-mail on October 22, 2007, to all Alliance for CME listservs and to the North American Association of Medical Education and Communication Companies listserv. Responses were downloaded from SurveyMonkey and analyzed/coded in Microsoft Excel. Results: As of January 4, 2008, 197 individuals had opened the survey and 66 provided complete responses to the main questions; 77% of respondents were from CME provider organizations (n = 51), of which MECCs (n = 11), medical schools (n = 10), physician membership organizations (n = 10), and state-accredited providers (n = 9) were the predominant groups. Of these respondents, 37.5% indicated that NAEOMI was a viable sharing concept, and 51.6% indicated that they thought it might work; 60.0% of comments on the basic concept were positive, and 89.4% of respondents indicated that their organization would (31.8%) or might (57.6%) be willing to submit needs assessment or outcomes measurement information to NAEOMI. Funding to start and maintain the sharing system, costs to users, loss of competitive advantage, and the proprietary nature of the information were seen as real or potential barriers to the success of the concept. Positive comments suggested that information sharing would greatly benefit the CME planning process, provide assistance to those with fewer resources, and facilitate professional development in CME staff members. Conclusions: The open, transparent sharing of educational needs assessment and outcomes measurement information among CME organizations was perceived as a positive, if not possibly altruistic, concept by the surveyed CME professionals. Subject to specific refinements, the proposed NAEOMI sharing concept may provide a viable option to facilitate information sharing and the development of communities of practice. Further investigation is needed to determine the nature and scope of information that CME providers would submit, how to overcome barriers identified by survey respondents, and how to appropriately fund the NAEOMI sharing system.
Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 1997
EJ560573 - A Model for Enhancing Rehabilitation Counselor-Consumer Working Relationships.
Journal of College Counseling
Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation
Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 2015
OBJECTIVE: This study examined data provided by the U.S. Department of Education’s Rehabilitation... more OBJECTIVE: This study examined data provided by the U.S. Department of Education’s Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA) in an effort to evaluate the impact of demographic variables, vocational rehabilitation services, and agency characteristics on the employment outcomes obtained by transition-age youth (i.e., 16 to 25 years old) with visual impairments and blindness. RESULTS: Results indicated that young adults who were male, Hispanic, between the ages of 23 and 25, not receiving Social Security disability benefits, and diagnosed with less severe visual impairments were more likely to become employed than younger, female, Caucasian young adults with more severe visual impairments who were receiving Social Security disability benefits. Receiving reader and assistive technology services also predicted successful employment outcomes. CONCLUSION: Results of this investigation document the importance of individualized VR services that promote long-term career success for transition-age youth with visual impairments and blindness.
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2015
Objectives: To examine the effect of rehabilitation technology interventions on the employment or... more Objectives: To examine the effect of rehabilitation technology interventions on the employment or job retention outcomes of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) served by the state-federal vocational rehabilitation program using a case-control study design.Participants: Data for this study were extracted from the Rehabilitation Services Administration Case Service Report database. The sample included 8,715 individuals with MS aged between 16 and 64 years old whose cases were closed between the fiscal years of 2007 and 2011.Outcome measure: Competitive employment.Results: The classification and regression tree method identified 5 homogeneous subgroups ranging from high to low propensity to receive rehabilitation technology services. Specifically, individuals with MS employed at application were most likely to receive rehabilitation technology intervention. The effect of rehabilitation technology on job retention was especially strong for individuals aged 35 years or older with a ...
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2015
Purpose:To examine demographic, functional, and clinical multiple sclerosis (MS) variables affect... more Purpose:To examine demographic, functional, and clinical multiple sclerosis (MS) variables affecting employment status in a national sample of adults with MS in the United States.Method:The sample included 4,142 working-age (20–65 years) Americans with MS (79.1% female) who participated in a national survey. The mean age of participants was 51.93 years (SD= 8.7). The dependent variable was employment status. The predictor variables included a set of demographic, functional, and MS variables.Results:The chi-squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID) analysis indicated that participants who were receiving Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) had significantly lower rates of employment (8.6%) than those who were not receiving SSDI (53.9%). For those not receiving SSDI, the most important factor predicting employment status was MS impact on physical functioning, as measured with the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale Physical Impact scale.Conclusion:The data-mining approach (i.e...
Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 2014
Radiologic technology
Physical and Occupational Therapists in large urban hospitals rated the prestige of 13 allied hea... more Physical and Occupational Therapists in large urban hospitals rated the prestige of 13 allied health professions, generally hospital based. Radiologic Technologist was ranked 13th by PTs and 12th by OTs. PTs were more negative with 35% using ratings below "average," while OTs assigned 28%. Only 27% of the PTs used ratings above "average," while 33% of the OTs did so. Prestige scores derived for Radiologic Technologists placed them among nonprofessionals.
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 2014
Journal of College Counseling, 1999
This study examined the counseling expectancies of Korean international students in the United St... more This study examined the counseling expectancies of Korean international students in the United States. The results indicated that Korean students expected to terminate counseling quickly if the process was viewed as unpleasant or did not seem to be immediately helpful. The Korean students expected to approach counseling as a classroom learning situation in which they could present problems, ask questions about the problems, and work on assignments to solve the problems. Implications for outreaching and counseling Korean international students are discussed. Research studies with Asian Americans and international students from Asia in the United States have revealed that the preferred counseling styles among these groups frequently differ from the assumptions of Western psychotherapies (
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2013
This study examined the impact of positive psychological traits (positive coping, self-efficacy, ... more This study examined the impact of positive psychological traits (positive coping, self-efficacy, and self-esteem) on the relationship between seizure severity and life satisfaction among individuals with epilepsy. Hierarchical regression analysis and correlation techniques were used to test a hypothesized tri-mediation model of life satisfaction for individuals with epilepsy. Results indicated that seizure severity and positive human traits, including positive coping, self-efficacy, and self-esteem, were indeed associated with overall life satisfaction. Self-efficacy and self-esteem (but not positive coping) fully mediated the relationship between seizure severity and life satisfaction, lending support for a dual-mediation model. These findings suggest there may be considerable value for rehabilitation psychologists and counselors to develop specialized intervention programs that focus on capitalizing these positive human traits to promote life satisfaction and well-being for client...
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2013
Objective: To evaluate Snyder’s (2002) hope theory as a motivational model of community participa... more Objective: To evaluate Snyder’s (2002) hope theory as a motivational model of community participation and life satisfaction.Design: Quantitative descriptive design using path analysis.Setting: Manitoba chapter of the Canadian Paraplegic Association.Participants: One-hundred and sixteen participants with spinal cord injuries who were members of the Manitoba chapter of the Canadian Paraplegic Association.Results: The respecified path-analytic hope model of participation and life satisfaction fits the data reasonably well, with χ2/df = 2.58; GFI = .95; and CFI = .95. Participation—with indirect effects of causality, perceived control, resilience, agency thinking, and pathways thinking—explained 32% of the variance in life satisfaction. Causality and agency thinking—with indirect effects of perceived control, resilience, and pathways thinking—explained 40% of the variance in participation.Conclusion: Synder’s hope theory as a motivational model of participation and life satisfaction was...
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2013
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the measurement structure of the Connor-Davidson ... more The main objective of this study is to evaluate the measurement structure of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) as a positive psychology measure for people with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) using confirmatory factor analysis. The participants consisted of 274 Canadians with SCI living in the community. The result indicated that the 5-factor intercorrelated model fits the data reasonably well (χ2 = 635.20; p value < .001; χ2/df = 2.40; CFI = .90; RMSEA = 0.07). These 5 factors (personal competence, high standards, and tenacity; trust in one’s instincts, tolerance of negative affect, and strengthening effects of stress; positive acceptance of change and secure relationships; control; and spiritual influence) correlated positively with disability acceptance and happiness, and inversely related to depression. The reliability of the 5 subscales was good ranging from .65 to .92. In conclusion, the results of this study confirmed that the 5-factor structure of the CD-RISC obs...
A Practical Guide for Clinicians, 2005
Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 2013
The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling, 2013
This selective review provides an overview of salient research findings related to employers'... more This selective review provides an overview of salient research findings related to employers' attitudes towards disability and prospective influences on employers to improve employment outcomes of people with disabilities. Research studies included for review are mainly those which investigated employer attitudes towards disability as predispositions to hiring people with disability. Selected studies were classified into three categories including hiring and accommodating employees with disabilities, work performance, and affective reactions and behavioural intentions of employers. Excluded from the review were studies that investigated other factors influencing employer attitudes toward disability. Altogether 34 research studies from the period of 1987 until 2012 were included in the review. Primary databases for the review included ProQuest, Ebscohost, Lexus Nexus, ERICK Database and the Sage Sociology Collection. This review of the demand-side employment literature suggests e...
Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 2013
The main objective of this study was to examine the mediational and moderational effect of exerci... more The main objective of this study was to examine the mediational and moderational effect of exercise, diet, and stress management on the relationship between functional disability and health-related quality of life. Quantitative descriptive research design using multiple regression and correlation techniques was used. Participants were 215 individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Outcome measure used was health-related quality of life as measured by the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12v2). Functional disability and health-promoting behaviors including exercise, diet, and stress management were found to be associated with health-related quality of life. Exercise and stress management (but not diet) were partial mediators between functional disability and health-related quality of life. Exercise was found to be a moderator between functional disability and health-related quality of life. Exercise had a stronger effect on health-related quality of life for i...
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 2013
Background: The continuing medical education (CME) community is undergoing a period of reexaminat... more Background: The continuing medical education (CME) community is undergoing a period of reexamination arising in part from the need to answer 2 central questions: is learning taking place and are we improving patient care? Because activity evaluation and outcomes results are generally not openly disseminated, progress in this area may be limited to individuals or restricted to individual organizations and thus less likely to be leveraged across the CME community. For the CME community to move forward as a whole, educational needs assessments and outcomes measurement information must be disseminated. We performed a survey to collect feedback and recommendations from the CME community regarding the concept of a Needs Assessment and Educational Outcomes Measurement Interface (NAEOMI) as a forum for the open, transparent sharing of needs assessment and outcomes information. Methods: After observing trends among CME providers and accrediting bodies, we developed a survey intended to assess the CME community's attitudes toward information sharing. The survey consisted of 2 demographic questions and 11 open-ended questions regarding general components involved in an educational needs assessment and outcomes measurement information-sharing framework. The survey was distributed by e-mail on October 22, 2007, to all Alliance for CME listservs and to the North American Association of Medical Education and Communication Companies listserv. Responses were downloaded from SurveyMonkey and analyzed/coded in Microsoft Excel. Results: As of January 4, 2008, 197 individuals had opened the survey and 66 provided complete responses to the main questions; 77% of respondents were from CME provider organizations (n = 51), of which MECCs (n = 11), medical schools (n = 10), physician membership organizations (n = 10), and state-accredited providers (n = 9) were the predominant groups. Of these respondents, 37.5% indicated that NAEOMI was a viable sharing concept, and 51.6% indicated that they thought it might work; 60.0% of comments on the basic concept were positive, and 89.4% of respondents indicated that their organization would (31.8%) or might (57.6%) be willing to submit needs assessment or outcomes measurement information to NAEOMI. Funding to start and maintain the sharing system, costs to users, loss of competitive advantage, and the proprietary nature of the information were seen as real or potential barriers to the success of the concept. Positive comments suggested that information sharing would greatly benefit the CME planning process, provide assistance to those with fewer resources, and facilitate professional development in CME staff members. Conclusions: The open, transparent sharing of educational needs assessment and outcomes measurement information among CME organizations was perceived as a positive, if not possibly altruistic, concept by the surveyed CME professionals. Subject to specific refinements, the proposed NAEOMI sharing concept may provide a viable option to facilitate information sharing and the development of communities of practice. Further investigation is needed to determine the nature and scope of information that CME providers would submit, how to overcome barriers identified by survey respondents, and how to appropriately fund the NAEOMI sharing system.