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Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-... more Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-represented among patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) as well as among relatives of these patients. Yet the co-occurrence of autistic traits in AN has not been fully explored and no previous study has directly compared self-reported evaluations of cognitive and socio-affective skills in AN and ASD. Methods: We aimed to determine the degree of overlap between AN and ASD from scores on questionnaires classically used to measure ASD impairments. Fifteen AN participants, 15 ASD participants and two groups of matched controls completed a battery of self-reports measuring: autistic traits (Autism-Spectrum Quotient), empathy (Empathy Quotient-short and Interpersonal Reactivity Index), systemizing (Systemizing Quotient-short) and alexithymia (Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire-B). Univariate comparisons of mean totalled scores were performed on each measure (patients vs. controls, and AN vs...
Encephale-revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique Et Therapeutique, 1999
Les associations entre depressions et maladies somatiques sont frequentes et peu etudiees. Cet ar... more Les associations entre depressions et maladies somatiques sont frequentes et peu etudiees. Cet article presente des resultats d'une etude retrospective de 210 patients hospitalises en psychiatrie pour episode depressif majeur (EDM - criteres DSM III-R). L'objectif de ce travail a ete double: etudier la prevalence des EDM comorbides et decrire les caracteristiques cliniques, therapeutiques et evolutives des EDM secondaires a une maladie somatique, comparativement aux depressions primaires et aux depressions secondaires a une pathologie psychiatrique. Une comorbidite organique a ete retrouvee chez 55 % des patients (n = 1 16). Les EDM avec comorbidite somatique (n = 55) se distinguent significativement des EDM primaires (n = 36) et des EDM secondaires a un trouble psychiatrique (n = 58) par un âge plus eleve lors de l'hospitalisation et lors du premier episode thymique. Ils se distinguent en outre des EDM secondaires a un trouble psychiatrique par une moindre frequence d&#...
Journal of autism and developmental disorders, Jan 28, 2015
Abnormal functioning of primary brain systems that express and modulate basic emotional drives ar... more Abnormal functioning of primary brain systems that express and modulate basic emotional drives are increasingly considered to underlie mental disorders including autism spectrum disorders. We hypothesized that ASD are characterized by disruptions in the primary systems involved in the motivation for social bonding. Twenty adults with ASD were compared to 20 neurotypical participants on the basis of self-reports and clinical assessments, including the Social Anhedonia Scale (SAS) and the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS). ASD diagnosis was related to SAS, as well as to positive (PLAYFULNESS) and negative (FEAR) ANPS-traits. In the overall sample, levels of autistic traits (AQ) were related to SAS and PLAYFULNESS. We argue that PLAYFULNESS could be at the root of social bonding impairments in ASD.
L'Encéphale
Associations between depression and somatic disorders are common and little studied. We present t... more Associations between depression and somatic disorders are common and little studied. We present the results of a retrospective study including 210 psychiatric inpatients, suffering from a major depressive episodes (MDE-DSM III-R criteria). The purpose of this study was: first, to access the prevalence of comorbid MDEs with somatic illness, second to describe the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of MDEs secondary to a physical trouble, comparatively with primary depressions and depressions secondary to another psychiatric disorder. A somatic comorbidity was found in 55% of patients (n = 116), the physical illness being, in 6% of cases, causal regarding MDEs. MDEs with a somatic comorbidity (n = 55) are significantly different from primary MDEs (n = 36) and MDEs secondary to another psychiatric disorder (n = 58), regarding an older age at hospitalization and at first affective episode. Moreover, they are different from MDEs secondary to another psychiatric disord...
La Revue du praticien, 1993
PARIS5-BU Méd.Cochin (751142101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens.... more PARIS5-BU Méd.Cochin (751142101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocSudocFranceF
Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2009
BACKGROUND Analysis of cortical folding may provide insight into neurodevelopment deviations, whi... more BACKGROUND Analysis of cortical folding may provide insight into neurodevelopment deviations, which, in turn, can predispose to depression that responds particularly poorly to medications. We hypothesized that patients with treatment-resistant depression would exhibit measurable alterations in cortical folding. METHODS We computed hemispheric global sulcal indices (g-SIs) in T(1)-weighted magnetic resonance images obtained from 76 patients and 70 healthy controls. We separately searched for anatomic deviations in patients with bipolar disorder (16 patients with treatment-resistant depression, 25 with euthymia) and unipolar depression (35 patients with treatment-resistant depression). RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, both groups of patients with treatment-resistant depression exhibited reduced g-SIs: in the right hemisphere among patients with bipolar disorder and in both hemispheres among those with unipolar depression. Patients with euthymic bipolar disorder did not differ s...
La Revue du praticien, 2016
Asperger's syndrome symptoms in children, adolescents and young adults. Asperger syndrome (AS... more Asperger's syndrome symptoms in children, adolescents and young adults. Asperger syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopemental disorder which is classified into autism- spectrums disorders (ASDs). AS is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, stereotyped and restricted patterns of behaviour, activities and interests. There is no clinically significant delay in cognitive development nor general delay in language. However, there are specific abnormalities such as literal interpretations, miscomprehension of nuance, unusually pedantic and formal speech. Clinical aspects are very heterogeneous and vary depending on age and psychiatric comorbidities. Among the associated disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, mood and anxiety disorders are commonly found. To identify these conditions and offer appropriate treatment, elevated vigilance is needed in clinical practice.
Schizophrenia Research, 1997
L'Encéphale, 2006
ABSTRACT
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2013
BMC Psychiatry, 2013
Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-... more Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-represented among patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) as well as among relatives of these patients. Yet the co-occurrence of autistic traits in AN has not been fully explored and no previous study has directly compared self-reported evaluations of cognitive and socio-affective skills in AN and ASD. Methods: We aimed to determine the degree of overlap between AN and ASD from scores on questionnaires classically used to measure ASD impairments. Fifteen AN participants, 15 ASD participants and two groups of matched controls completed a battery of self-reports measuring: autistic traits (Autism-Spectrum Quotient), empathy (Empathy Quotient-short and Interpersonal Reactivity Index), systemizing (Systemizing Quotient-short) and alexithymia (Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire-B). Univariate comparisons of mean totalled scores were performed on each measure (patients vs. controls, and AN vs. ASD), and a Principal Component Analysis was used to study subject proximities in a reduced-factor space constructed from AQ, BVAQ-B and IRI subscales.
Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-... more Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-represented among patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) as well as among relatives of these patients. Yet the co-occurrence of autistic traits in AN has not been fully explored and no previous study has directly compared self-reported evaluations of cognitive and socio-affective skills in AN and ASD. Methods: We aimed to determine the degree of overlap between AN and ASD from scores on questionnaires classically used to measure ASD impairments. Fifteen AN participants, 15 ASD participants and two groups of matched controls completed a battery of self-reports measuring: autistic traits (Autism-Spectrum Quotient), empathy (Empathy Quotient-short and Interpersonal Reactivity Index), systemizing (Systemizing Quotient-short) and alexithymia (Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire-B). Univariate comparisons of mean totalled scores were performed on each measure (patients vs. controls, and AN vs...
Encephale-revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique Et Therapeutique, 1999
Les associations entre depressions et maladies somatiques sont frequentes et peu etudiees. Cet ar... more Les associations entre depressions et maladies somatiques sont frequentes et peu etudiees. Cet article presente des resultats d'une etude retrospective de 210 patients hospitalises en psychiatrie pour episode depressif majeur (EDM - criteres DSM III-R). L'objectif de ce travail a ete double: etudier la prevalence des EDM comorbides et decrire les caracteristiques cliniques, therapeutiques et evolutives des EDM secondaires a une maladie somatique, comparativement aux depressions primaires et aux depressions secondaires a une pathologie psychiatrique. Une comorbidite organique a ete retrouvee chez 55 % des patients (n = 1 16). Les EDM avec comorbidite somatique (n = 55) se distinguent significativement des EDM primaires (n = 36) et des EDM secondaires a un trouble psychiatrique (n = 58) par un âge plus eleve lors de l'hospitalisation et lors du premier episode thymique. Ils se distinguent en outre des EDM secondaires a un trouble psychiatrique par une moindre frequence d&#...
Journal of autism and developmental disorders, Jan 28, 2015
Abnormal functioning of primary brain systems that express and modulate basic emotional drives ar... more Abnormal functioning of primary brain systems that express and modulate basic emotional drives are increasingly considered to underlie mental disorders including autism spectrum disorders. We hypothesized that ASD are characterized by disruptions in the primary systems involved in the motivation for social bonding. Twenty adults with ASD were compared to 20 neurotypical participants on the basis of self-reports and clinical assessments, including the Social Anhedonia Scale (SAS) and the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS). ASD diagnosis was related to SAS, as well as to positive (PLAYFULNESS) and negative (FEAR) ANPS-traits. In the overall sample, levels of autistic traits (AQ) were related to SAS and PLAYFULNESS. We argue that PLAYFULNESS could be at the root of social bonding impairments in ASD.
L'Encéphale
Associations between depression and somatic disorders are common and little studied. We present t... more Associations between depression and somatic disorders are common and little studied. We present the results of a retrospective study including 210 psychiatric inpatients, suffering from a major depressive episodes (MDE-DSM III-R criteria). The purpose of this study was: first, to access the prevalence of comorbid MDEs with somatic illness, second to describe the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of MDEs secondary to a physical trouble, comparatively with primary depressions and depressions secondary to another psychiatric disorder. A somatic comorbidity was found in 55% of patients (n = 116), the physical illness being, in 6% of cases, causal regarding MDEs. MDEs with a somatic comorbidity (n = 55) are significantly different from primary MDEs (n = 36) and MDEs secondary to another psychiatric disorder (n = 58), regarding an older age at hospitalization and at first affective episode. Moreover, they are different from MDEs secondary to another psychiatric disord...
La Revue du praticien, 1993
PARIS5-BU Méd.Cochin (751142101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens.... more PARIS5-BU Méd.Cochin (751142101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocSudocFranceF
Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2009
BACKGROUND Analysis of cortical folding may provide insight into neurodevelopment deviations, whi... more BACKGROUND Analysis of cortical folding may provide insight into neurodevelopment deviations, which, in turn, can predispose to depression that responds particularly poorly to medications. We hypothesized that patients with treatment-resistant depression would exhibit measurable alterations in cortical folding. METHODS We computed hemispheric global sulcal indices (g-SIs) in T(1)-weighted magnetic resonance images obtained from 76 patients and 70 healthy controls. We separately searched for anatomic deviations in patients with bipolar disorder (16 patients with treatment-resistant depression, 25 with euthymia) and unipolar depression (35 patients with treatment-resistant depression). RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, both groups of patients with treatment-resistant depression exhibited reduced g-SIs: in the right hemisphere among patients with bipolar disorder and in both hemispheres among those with unipolar depression. Patients with euthymic bipolar disorder did not differ s...
La Revue du praticien, 2016
Asperger's syndrome symptoms in children, adolescents and young adults. Asperger syndrome (AS... more Asperger's syndrome symptoms in children, adolescents and young adults. Asperger syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopemental disorder which is classified into autism- spectrums disorders (ASDs). AS is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, stereotyped and restricted patterns of behaviour, activities and interests. There is no clinically significant delay in cognitive development nor general delay in language. However, there are specific abnormalities such as literal interpretations, miscomprehension of nuance, unusually pedantic and formal speech. Clinical aspects are very heterogeneous and vary depending on age and psychiatric comorbidities. Among the associated disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, mood and anxiety disorders are commonly found. To identify these conditions and offer appropriate treatment, elevated vigilance is needed in clinical practice.
Schizophrenia Research, 1997
L'Encéphale, 2006
ABSTRACT
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2013
BMC Psychiatry, 2013
Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-... more Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-represented among patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) as well as among relatives of these patients. Yet the co-occurrence of autistic traits in AN has not been fully explored and no previous study has directly compared self-reported evaluations of cognitive and socio-affective skills in AN and ASD. Methods: We aimed to determine the degree of overlap between AN and ASD from scores on questionnaires classically used to measure ASD impairments. Fifteen AN participants, 15 ASD participants and two groups of matched controls completed a battery of self-reports measuring: autistic traits (Autism-Spectrum Quotient), empathy (Empathy Quotient-short and Interpersonal Reactivity Index), systemizing (Systemizing Quotient-short) and alexithymia (Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire-B). Univariate comparisons of mean totalled scores were performed on each measure (patients vs. controls, and AN vs. ASD), and a Principal Component Analysis was used to study subject proximities in a reduced-factor space constructed from AQ, BVAQ-B and IRI subscales.