Frank Duerden - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Frank Duerden
We would like to thank Inuit of Canada for their continuing support of this research. This articl... more We would like to thank Inuit of Canada for their continuing support of this research. This article benefited from contributions from Christina Goldhar, Tanya Smith, and Lea Berrang-Ford, and figure 1 was produced by Adam Bonnycastle. Funding for the research was provided by
ABSTRACT. The notion of sustainable development has considerable appeal in northern Canada, a ref... more ABSTRACT. The notion of sustainable development has considerable appeal in northern Canada, a reflection of traditional practices of indigenous populations and the region’s experiences with the encroachment of industrial society. The lexicon of “sustainable development ” has made the identi-fication of appropriate economic activities a central issue.’There is no standard approach to this problem although Weeden (1989) produced a useful framework for evaluation. Analysis of the evolution of the economic geography of the North provides some insights into both the current emphasis on the role of communities in sustainable development strategies and the origin of candidate activities. Review of possible candidate activities sug-gests that there is perhaps a tendency to confuse renewal with sustainability and that the appropriateness of activities may be called into doubt when viewed from the standpoint of relative energy consumption and global context. Sustenance harvesting is seen as p...
Th is paper examines the evaluat ion of Aboriginal involvement in p lanning at the regional and s... more Th is paper examines the evaluat ion of Aboriginal involvement in p lanning at the regional and sub-regional scale. It rev iews part ic ipat ion in p lanning in the Y u k o n over several y e a r s by examining Aboriginal perspectives on land and environment in six completed plans. A new paradigm for p lanning may well e m e r g e in wh i ch Aboriginal aspirations and perspectives are not s u b s u m e d u n d e r conventional western p lanning m o r e s and methodologies. The CanadianJournal of Native StudiesXVI, 1(1996):105-124. L'ar t ic le examine l 'évaluat ion du rôle des Autochtones dans la planification à l 'éche l le régionale et sous-régionale. Il fait un compte-rendu du rôle dans la planif ication dans le Yukon pendant plusieurs années, à travers un e x a m e n des perspectives autochtones sur la t e r r e et sur l 'environment dans six projets terminés. Il se peut q u ' u n nouveau paradigme sur la plani f icat ion a p p a r a i s s e dans lequel les ...
The northern review, 2002
ABSTRACT. It is well recognized that climate change will have considerable impact on the physical... more ABSTRACT. It is well recognized that climate change will have considerable impact on the physical landscapes of northern Canada. How these impacts will be transmitted to the level of human activity is not clear, but it needs to be understood by governments and other decision makers to help them identify and implement appropriate approaches to ameliorate the effects of climate change. Translating physical changes into human impacts is not a simple task; communities are not passive players that will respond to changes in the physical environment in easily predictable ways. While many prognoses about change are made on a large scale, human activity is highly localized, and impacts and responses will be conditioned by local geography and a range of endogenous factors, including demographic trends, economic complexity, and experience with “change ” in a broad sense. More and more studies are yielding important information about community-level experience, both past and current, with envi...
ARCTIC
Northern communities are increasingly interested in technology that provides information about ... more Northern communities are increasingly interested in technology that provides information about the sea ice environment for travel purposes. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing is widely used to observe sea ice independently of sunlight and cloud cover, however, access to SAR in northern communities has been limited. This study 1) defines the sea ice features that influence travel for two communities in the Western Canadian Arctic, 2) identifies the utility of SAR for enhancing mobility and safety while traversing environments with these features, and 3) describes methods for sharing SAR-based maps. Three field seasons (spring and fall 2017 and spring 2018) were used to engage residents in locally guided research, where applied outputs were evaluated by community members. We found that SAR image data inform and improve sea ice safety, trafficability, and education. Information from technology is desired to complement Inuit knowledge-based understanding of sea ice features...
Regional Environmental Change, 2010
A survey documenting how climate change is perceived, experienced, and responded to in the Canadi... more A survey documenting how climate change is perceived, experienced, and responded to in the Canadian mining sector was administered to industry practitioners at the Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada annual meeting. Nine key findings from the survey are discussed: (1) The Canadian mining sector is sensitive to climate-related conditions. (2) Climate change is perceived to be having a negative impact on mining operations. (3) Companies are taking action to manage the current impacts. (4) Cost and uncertainty are commonly identified barriers to adapting to current climate change. (5) Future climate change is expected to have impacts for the industry. (6) Climate change projections are perceived as threats by the majority of respondents. (7) Despite the perceived threat, companies are not currently taking action to plan for future impacts. (8) Cost and uncertainty are commonly identified barriers to adapting to future climate change impacts. (9) The mining sector is currently making efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The survey is exploratory in nature, establishing a baseline for targeted research to assess in greater detail the vulnerability of mining to climate change.
Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 1996
Arctic and Alpine Research, 1989
Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 1996
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 2010
... levels.182184 These processes, while rarely labeled as spatial analogues, draw implicitly on... more ... levels.182184 These processes, while rarely labeled as spatial analogues, draw implicitly on analogue conceptualizations, and are used extensively in vulnerability mapping literature. ... 221, 222 critically examined this conclusion by documenting climate vulnerability and its ...
The Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe canadien, 2007
Regional Environmental Change, 2010
... James D. Ford Æ Tristan Pearce Æ Jason Prno Æ Frank Duerden Æ Lea Berrang Ford Æ Maude Beaumi... more ... James D. Ford Æ Tristan Pearce Æ Jason Prno Æ Frank Duerden Æ Lea Berrang Ford Æ Maude Beaumier Æ Tanya Smith ... Chi-squared (v2) and Fischer's exact tests were conducted to assess statistical significance of variation in question response by respon-dent ...
Polar Research, 2009
Research on climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation, particularly projects aiming to... more Research on climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation, particularly projects aiming to contribute to practical adaptation initiatives, requires active involvement and collaboration with community members and local, regional and national organizations that use this research for policy-making. Arctic communities are already experiencing and adapting to environmental and socio-cultural changes, and researchers have a practical and ethical responsibility to engage with communities that are the focus of the research. This paper draws on the experiences of researchers working with communities across the Canadian Arctic, together with the expertise of Inuit organizations, Northern research institutes and community partners, to outline key considerations for effectively engaging Arctic communities in collaborative research. These considerations include: initiating early and ongoing communication with communities, and regional and national contacts; involving communities in research design and development; facilitating opportunities for local employment; and disseminating research findings. Examples of each consideration are drawn from climate change research conducted with communities in the Canadian Arctic.
Polar Record, 1998
There is strong contemporary interest in the application of traditional environmental knowledge (... more There is strong contemporary interest in the application of traditional environmental knowledge (TEK) of physical environments and land-use patterns in northern Canada. This interest relates to land claims, land-use planning, cultural preservation, resource management, and environmental monitoring. The application of TEK to land and resource management is critically examined and a typology relating scale, user group, and the transformation of knowledge is developed. Of the many challenges facing the incorporation of TEK in resource-management initiatives, perhaps the greatest is the recognition of the appropriateness of scale. The conclusions reached in this paper reaffirm the notion that scale and context are key components in maintaining the validity and integrity of TEK. The primary role of TEK appears to be with providing the most valid and intelligible interpretations of local geographies and prescribing locally appropriate resource-management strategies.
Polar Record, 2010
ABSTRACTClimate change is already being experienced in the Arctic with implications for ecosystem... more ABSTRACTClimate change is already being experienced in the Arctic with implications for ecosystems and the communities that depend on them. This paper argues that an assessment of community vulnerability to climate change requires knowledge of past experience with climate conditions, responses to climatic variations, future climate change projections, and non-climate factors that influence people's susceptibility and adaptive capacity. The paper documents and describes exposure sensitivities to climate change experienced in the community of Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories and the adaptive strategies employed. It is based on collaborative research involving semi-structured interviews, secondary sources of information, and participant observations. In the context of subsistence hunting, changes in temperature, seasonal patterns (for example timing and nature of the spring melt), sea ice and wind dynamics, and weather variability have affected the health and availability of some ...
We would like to thank Inuit of Canada for their continuing support of this research. This articl... more We would like to thank Inuit of Canada for their continuing support of this research. This article benefited from contributions from Christina Goldhar, Tanya Smith, and Lea Berrang-Ford, and figure 1 was produced by Adam Bonnycastle. Funding for the research was provided by
ABSTRACT. The notion of sustainable development has considerable appeal in northern Canada, a ref... more ABSTRACT. The notion of sustainable development has considerable appeal in northern Canada, a reflection of traditional practices of indigenous populations and the region’s experiences with the encroachment of industrial society. The lexicon of “sustainable development ” has made the identi-fication of appropriate economic activities a central issue.’There is no standard approach to this problem although Weeden (1989) produced a useful framework for evaluation. Analysis of the evolution of the economic geography of the North provides some insights into both the current emphasis on the role of communities in sustainable development strategies and the origin of candidate activities. Review of possible candidate activities sug-gests that there is perhaps a tendency to confuse renewal with sustainability and that the appropriateness of activities may be called into doubt when viewed from the standpoint of relative energy consumption and global context. Sustenance harvesting is seen as p...
Th is paper examines the evaluat ion of Aboriginal involvement in p lanning at the regional and s... more Th is paper examines the evaluat ion of Aboriginal involvement in p lanning at the regional and sub-regional scale. It rev iews part ic ipat ion in p lanning in the Y u k o n over several y e a r s by examining Aboriginal perspectives on land and environment in six completed plans. A new paradigm for p lanning may well e m e r g e in wh i ch Aboriginal aspirations and perspectives are not s u b s u m e d u n d e r conventional western p lanning m o r e s and methodologies. The CanadianJournal of Native StudiesXVI, 1(1996):105-124. L'ar t ic le examine l 'évaluat ion du rôle des Autochtones dans la planification à l 'éche l le régionale et sous-régionale. Il fait un compte-rendu du rôle dans la planif ication dans le Yukon pendant plusieurs années, à travers un e x a m e n des perspectives autochtones sur la t e r r e et sur l 'environment dans six projets terminés. Il se peut q u ' u n nouveau paradigme sur la plani f icat ion a p p a r a i s s e dans lequel les ...
The northern review, 2002
ABSTRACT. It is well recognized that climate change will have considerable impact on the physical... more ABSTRACT. It is well recognized that climate change will have considerable impact on the physical landscapes of northern Canada. How these impacts will be transmitted to the level of human activity is not clear, but it needs to be understood by governments and other decision makers to help them identify and implement appropriate approaches to ameliorate the effects of climate change. Translating physical changes into human impacts is not a simple task; communities are not passive players that will respond to changes in the physical environment in easily predictable ways. While many prognoses about change are made on a large scale, human activity is highly localized, and impacts and responses will be conditioned by local geography and a range of endogenous factors, including demographic trends, economic complexity, and experience with “change ” in a broad sense. More and more studies are yielding important information about community-level experience, both past and current, with envi...
ARCTIC
Northern communities are increasingly interested in technology that provides information about ... more Northern communities are increasingly interested in technology that provides information about the sea ice environment for travel purposes. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing is widely used to observe sea ice independently of sunlight and cloud cover, however, access to SAR in northern communities has been limited. This study 1) defines the sea ice features that influence travel for two communities in the Western Canadian Arctic, 2) identifies the utility of SAR for enhancing mobility and safety while traversing environments with these features, and 3) describes methods for sharing SAR-based maps. Three field seasons (spring and fall 2017 and spring 2018) were used to engage residents in locally guided research, where applied outputs were evaluated by community members. We found that SAR image data inform and improve sea ice safety, trafficability, and education. Information from technology is desired to complement Inuit knowledge-based understanding of sea ice features...
Regional Environmental Change, 2010
A survey documenting how climate change is perceived, experienced, and responded to in the Canadi... more A survey documenting how climate change is perceived, experienced, and responded to in the Canadian mining sector was administered to industry practitioners at the Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada annual meeting. Nine key findings from the survey are discussed: (1) The Canadian mining sector is sensitive to climate-related conditions. (2) Climate change is perceived to be having a negative impact on mining operations. (3) Companies are taking action to manage the current impacts. (4) Cost and uncertainty are commonly identified barriers to adapting to current climate change. (5) Future climate change is expected to have impacts for the industry. (6) Climate change projections are perceived as threats by the majority of respondents. (7) Despite the perceived threat, companies are not currently taking action to plan for future impacts. (8) Cost and uncertainty are commonly identified barriers to adapting to future climate change impacts. (9) The mining sector is currently making efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The survey is exploratory in nature, establishing a baseline for targeted research to assess in greater detail the vulnerability of mining to climate change.
Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 1996
Arctic and Alpine Research, 1989
Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 1996
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 2010
... levels.182184 These processes, while rarely labeled as spatial analogues, draw implicitly on... more ... levels.182184 These processes, while rarely labeled as spatial analogues, draw implicitly on analogue conceptualizations, and are used extensively in vulnerability mapping literature. ... 221, 222 critically examined this conclusion by documenting climate vulnerability and its ...
The Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe canadien, 2007
Regional Environmental Change, 2010
... James D. Ford Æ Tristan Pearce Æ Jason Prno Æ Frank Duerden Æ Lea Berrang Ford Æ Maude Beaumi... more ... James D. Ford Æ Tristan Pearce Æ Jason Prno Æ Frank Duerden Æ Lea Berrang Ford Æ Maude Beaumier Æ Tanya Smith ... Chi-squared (v2) and Fischer's exact tests were conducted to assess statistical significance of variation in question response by respon-dent ...
Polar Research, 2009
Research on climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation, particularly projects aiming to... more Research on climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation, particularly projects aiming to contribute to practical adaptation initiatives, requires active involvement and collaboration with community members and local, regional and national organizations that use this research for policy-making. Arctic communities are already experiencing and adapting to environmental and socio-cultural changes, and researchers have a practical and ethical responsibility to engage with communities that are the focus of the research. This paper draws on the experiences of researchers working with communities across the Canadian Arctic, together with the expertise of Inuit organizations, Northern research institutes and community partners, to outline key considerations for effectively engaging Arctic communities in collaborative research. These considerations include: initiating early and ongoing communication with communities, and regional and national contacts; involving communities in research design and development; facilitating opportunities for local employment; and disseminating research findings. Examples of each consideration are drawn from climate change research conducted with communities in the Canadian Arctic.
Polar Record, 1998
There is strong contemporary interest in the application of traditional environmental knowledge (... more There is strong contemporary interest in the application of traditional environmental knowledge (TEK) of physical environments and land-use patterns in northern Canada. This interest relates to land claims, land-use planning, cultural preservation, resource management, and environmental monitoring. The application of TEK to land and resource management is critically examined and a typology relating scale, user group, and the transformation of knowledge is developed. Of the many challenges facing the incorporation of TEK in resource-management initiatives, perhaps the greatest is the recognition of the appropriateness of scale. The conclusions reached in this paper reaffirm the notion that scale and context are key components in maintaining the validity and integrity of TEK. The primary role of TEK appears to be with providing the most valid and intelligible interpretations of local geographies and prescribing locally appropriate resource-management strategies.
Polar Record, 2010
ABSTRACTClimate change is already being experienced in the Arctic with implications for ecosystem... more ABSTRACTClimate change is already being experienced in the Arctic with implications for ecosystems and the communities that depend on them. This paper argues that an assessment of community vulnerability to climate change requires knowledge of past experience with climate conditions, responses to climatic variations, future climate change projections, and non-climate factors that influence people's susceptibility and adaptive capacity. The paper documents and describes exposure sensitivities to climate change experienced in the community of Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories and the adaptive strategies employed. It is based on collaborative research involving semi-structured interviews, secondary sources of information, and participant observations. In the context of subsistence hunting, changes in temperature, seasonal patterns (for example timing and nature of the spring melt), sea ice and wind dynamics, and weather variability have affected the health and availability of some ...