Kimberley Frederick - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Kimberley Frederick

Research paper thumbnail of An Inquiry-Based In-Person or Remote Laboratory Using Iron Analysis and Paper Microfluidics to Teach Analytical Method Development

Journal of Chemical Education

Research paper thumbnail of Supporting Student Inquiry and Engagement in the Analytical Lab: Pilot Studies from Three Institutions

Research paper thumbnail of JoVE Video Dataset

Research paper thumbnail of The Joys and Pitfalls of Collaboration in Research

In this article Dr. Kim Frederick talks about why and how to collaborate. Especially when conduct... more In this article Dr. Kim Frederick talks about why and how to collaborate. Especially when conducting research at a primarily undergraduate institution, collaboration can provide your lab and students with critical expertise to move a project forward

Research paper thumbnail of Inquiry-Based Labs Using Paper Microfluidic Devices: The MICRO Project

The MICRO project has developed a series of active-learning labs that can be safely delivered to ... more The MICRO project has developed a series of active-learning labs that can be safely delivered to students either at home or in person using paper microfluidic technology. The skills covered in these labs are appropriate for sophomore-level analytical chemistry courses and general chemistry.

Research paper thumbnail of Inquiry-Based Laboratories Using Paper Microfluidic Devices

Journal of Chemical Education, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of General Chemistry in Just One Semester for All Majors

Journal of Chemical Education, 2020

We have successfully developed a one-semester general chemistry course that meets the primary lea... more We have successfully developed a one-semester general chemistry course that meets the primary learning goals of the traditional two-semester sequence. It is appropriate for physical, life, and earth science majors. Since implementation, 88% of students who start general chemistry complete it, an increase from 72% in our prior traditional curriculum. Scores on a full-year ACS general chemistry exam are almost the same, as are attitudes as measured by the CLASS-Chemistry instrument. Thus, onesemester general chemistry is more efficient, allowing students to move on to additional STEM courses quicker without impacting learning of core content. By increasing completion rates through general chemistry, we have removed a key barrier for students majoring in STEM fields. As well, students now can proceed through organic chemistry and biochemistry by the end of their second year, consistent with the increased emphasis on the chemistry of biological systems for the life sciences and in admissions to medical school. This reform can be implemented by schools that value the traditional quantitative and broad content of general chemistry without modifying later courses or disrupting other departments.

Research paper thumbnail of Twenty-First-Century Spaces for Twenty-First-Century Learners: Where We Are, How We Got Here, and What Next

Council on Undergraduate Research Quarterly, 2017

Appropriately designed laboratory and classroom facilities are essential for facilitating high-qu... more Appropriately designed laboratory and classroom facilities are essential for facilitating high-quality original research experiences for undergraduate students. Project Kaleidoscope (PKAL)-an initiative funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) that involved leaders of the Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR)-engaged faculty, administrators, architects, campus planners, and other key stakeholders in the intentional design of learning spaces for undergraduate research at primarily undergraduate institutions (PUIs). This article discusses nearly three decades of experience since the initiation of the movement to improve STEM facilities at PUIs nationwide. It poses questions for consideration at the beginning of a space-planning process and presents examples of planning processes from Monmouth University and Skidmore College. It also discusses the Learning Spaces Collaboratory (LSC) and a roundtable model for learner-centered facility planning based on lessons learned.

Research paper thumbnail of Rehydrating efficacy of maple water after exercise-induced dehydration

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2019

Dehydration impairs physiological function and physical performance, thus understanding effective... more Dehydration impairs physiological function and physical performance, thus understanding effective rehydration strategies is paramount. Despite growing interest in natural rehydrating beverages, no study has examined maple water (MW). Purpose: To investigate the rehydrating efficacy of MW after exercise-induced dehydration. Methods: Using a single-blind, counterbalanced, crossover design, we compared the rehydrating efficacy of MW vs. maple-flavored bottled water (control) in 26 young healthy (22 ± 4 yrs., 24 ± 4 kg/m 2) males (n = 13) and females (n = 13) after exercise-induced dehydration (~2.0%ΔBody Weight [BW]) in the heat (30°C, 50% relative humidity [RH]). Hydration indicators (BW, salivary and urine osmolality [SOsm/UOsm], urine specific gravity [USG], urine volume [UV], urine color [UC]), thirst, fatigue, and recovery (heart rate [HR)], and HR variability [HRV]) were taken at baseline, post-exercise, 0.5, 1, and 2 h post-consumption of 1 L of MW or control. Results: Following similar dehydration (~2%ΔBW), MW had no differential (p > 0.05) impact on any measure of rehydration. Likely due to greater beverage osmolality (81 ± 1.4 vs. 11 ± 0.7 mOsmol/kg), thirst sensation remained 12% higher with MW (p < 0.05). When sex was considered, females had lower UV, elevated UOsm (p < 0.05), trends for higher ΔBW, USG, but similar SOsm. Analysis of beverages and urine for antioxidant potential (AP) revealed a four-fold greater AP in MW, which increased peak urine AP (9.4 ± 0.7 vs. 7.6 ± 1.0 mmol, MW vs. control, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Electrolyte-containing MW, was similar in effectiveness to water, but has antioxidant properties. Furthermore, trends for sex differences were discovered in urinary, but not salivary, hydration markers, with discrepancies in kinetics between fluid compartments both warranting further study.

Research paper thumbnail of Short-term succinic acid treatment mitigates cerebellar mitochondrial OXPHOS dysfunction, neurodegeneration and ataxia in a Purkinje-specific spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) mouse model

PloS one, 2017

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in neurodegenerative disease including ataxias... more Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in neurodegenerative disease including ataxias and other movement disorders, particularly those marked by progressive degeneration in the cerebellum. In this study, we investigate the role of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficits in cerebellar tissue of a Purkinje cell-driven spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) mouse. Using RNA sequencing transcriptomics, OXPHOS complex assembly analysis and oxygen consumption assays, we report that in the presence of mutant polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-1, SCA1 mice display deficits in cerebellar OXPHOS complex I (NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase). Complex I genes are upregulated at the time of symptom onset and upregulation persists into late stage disease; yet, functional assembly of complex I macromolecules are diminished and oxygen respiration through complex I is reduced. Acute treatment of postsymptomatic SCA1 mice with succinic acid, a complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) ...

Research paper thumbnail of Treating SCA1 Mice with Water-Soluble Compounds to Non-Specifically Boost Mitochondrial Function

Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Adapting Mentoring Programs to the Liberal Arts College Environment

ACS Symposium Series, 2010

Recent work indicates that mentoring of both tenure-track and tenured STEM women faculty is impor... more Recent work indicates that mentoring of both tenure-track and tenured STEM women faculty is important for their success. Surveys at Union and Skidmore Colleges have shown that faculty rising through the ranks agree that they need more information about the tenure and promotion process and that having a mentoring program is important to them. Because the development of mentoring networks is considered more beneficial than having a single mentor, the overall goal of our project is to provide faculty with a variety of mentors who can share their successes and challenges. At small institutions such as ours, drawing from the population of both colleges for mentors is advantageous. As a complement to the pre-existing mentoring programs on both campuses, we have developed a series of mentoring opportunities mainly for STEM women faculty, including speed mentoring, receptions, discussion tables, peer mentoring, and a mentoring database. STEM women have found the opportunity to exchange information on achievements and challenges, both personal and professional, to be empowering

Research paper thumbnail of On-line monitoring of electroosmotic flow for capillary electrophoretic separations

The Analyst, 2001

A recently developed technique for monitoring electroosmotic flow (EOF) in capillary electrophore... more A recently developed technique for monitoring electroosmotic flow (EOF) in capillary electrophoresis by periodic photobleaching of a neutral fluorophore added to the running buffer has been further characterized and optimized and then applied to monitoring EOF during a typical capillary electrophoresis separation. The concentration of neutral fluorophore (rhodamine B) added to the running buffer for monitoring EOF has been decreased by one order of magnitude. The rate at which EOF can be measured has been increased from 0.2 to 1.0 Hz by decreasing the distance between the bleaching beam and the laser-induced fluorescence detector from 6.13 to 0.635 mm. The precision of the measured EOF ranges from 0.2 to 1.8%. Under typical experimental conditions, the dynamic range for flow measurements is 0.066 to 0.73 cm s(-1). Experimental factors affecting precision, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and dynamic range for EOF monitoring have been examined. This technique has been applied to measure EOF during a separation of phenolic acids with analyte detection by UV/VIS absorbance. The EOF monitoring method has been shown not to interfere with UV/VIS absorbance detection of analytes.

Research paper thumbnail of Quantitative Analysis of Simulated Illicit Street-Drug Samples Using Raman Spectroscopy and Partial Least Squares Regression

Spectroscopy Letters, 2011

... [CrossRef], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®]; 17. Ryder , AG ; O'Connor , GM ; Glynn , TJIde... more ... [CrossRef], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®]; 17. Ryder , AG ; O'Connor , GM ; Glynn , TJIdentifications and quantitative measurements of narcotics in solid mixtures usingnear-IR Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis . J. Forensic Sci. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Identification of Individual Drug Crystals on Paper Currency Using Raman Microspectroscopy

Spectroscopy Letters, 2004

Drug consumption, and the industry that supports it, have been targets of law enforcement efforts... more Drug consumption, and the industry that supports it, have been targets of law enforcement efforts for several decades. Recently, several countries have allowed the seizure of paper currency associated with the drug trade for evidentiary purposes. Mass spectrometric methods are most commonly used to detect the presence of illicit drugs on paper currency. Unfortunately, these methods are destructive and the evidence is no longer available for re-analysis by other laboratories. Raman microspectroscopy provides an alternative for non-invasively analyzing drug crystals on banknotes. This study shows that it is possible to detect and

Research paper thumbnail of Insulin Capture by an Insulin-Linked Polymorphic Region G-Quadruplex DNA Oligonucleotide

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006

Insulin capture by a G-quadruplex DNA oligonucleotide containing a two-repeat sequence of the ins... more Insulin capture by a G-quadruplex DNA oligonucleotide containing a two-repeat sequence of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) of the human insulin gene promoter region is reported. The immobilized oligonucleotide was demonstrated to capture human insulin from standard solutions and from nuclear extracts of pancreatic cells with high selectivity, using affinity MALDI-mass spectrometry and affinity capillary chromatography. Insulin was preferentially captured by the tworepeat ILPR oligonucleotide over another G-quadruplex forming oligonucleotide, the thrombin binding aptamer, as well as over a single repeat of the ILPR sequence that is not capable of forming the G-quadruplex architecture. Binding was shown to involve the beta chain of insulin, most likely through association with the two parallel loops of the G-quadruplex structure. The discovery raises the possibility that insulin may bind to G-quadruplex DNA formed in the ILPR in vivo and thereby play a role in modulation of insulin gene expression, and provides a basis for design of insulin analogs to probe this hypothesis. The availability of a DNA ligand to human insulin has analytical importance as well, offering an alternative to antibodies for in vitro or in vivo detection and sensing of insulin as well as its isolation and purification from biological samples.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of polyelectrolyte coating stability under dynamic buffer conditions in CE

Journal of Separation Science, 2011

Dynamic buffer conditions are present in many electrophoretically driven separations. Polyelectro... more Dynamic buffer conditions are present in many electrophoretically driven separations. Polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings have been employed in CE because of their chemical and physical stability as well as their ease of application. The goal of this study is to measure the effect of dynamic changes in buffer pH on flow using a real-time method for measuring EOF. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) were composed of pairs of strong or completely ionized polyelectrolytes including poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride and poly(styrene sulfonate) and weak or ionizable polyelectrolytes including poly-(allylamine) and poly(methacrylic acid). Polyelectrolyte multilayers of varying thicknesses (3, 4, 7, 8, 15, or 16 layers) were also studied. While the magnitude of the EOF was monitored every 2 s, the buffer pH was exchanged from a relatively basic pH (7.1) to increasingly acidic pHs (6.6, 6.1, 5.5, and 5.1). Strong polyelectrolytes responded minimally to changes in buffer pH (o1%), whereas substantial (>10%) and sometimes irreversible changes were measured with weak polyelectrolytes. Thicker coatings resulted in a similar magnitude of response but were more likely to degrade in response to buffer pH changes. The most stable coatings were formed from thinner layers of strong polyelectrolytes.

Research paper thumbnail of A genome‐inspired DNA ligand for the affinity capture of insulin and insulin‐like growth factor‐2

Journal of Separation Science, 2009

The insulin‐linked polymorphic region (ILPR) of the human insulin gene contains tandem repeats of... more The insulin‐linked polymorphic region (ILPR) of the human insulin gene contains tandem repeats of similar G‐rich sequences, some of which form intramolecular G‐quadruplex structures in vitro. Previous work showed affinity binding of insulin to an intramolecular G‐quadruplex formed by ILPR variant a. Here, we report on interactions of insulin and the highly homologous insulin‐like growth factor‐2 (IGF‐2) with ILPR variants a, h, and i. Circular dichroism indicated intramolecular G‐quadruplex formation for variants a and h. Affinity MALDI MS and surface plasmon resonance were used to compare protein capture and binding strengths. Insulin and IGF‐2 exhibited high binding affinity for variants a and h but not i, indicating the involvement of intramolecular G‐quadruplexes. Interaction between insulin and variant a was unique in the appearance of two binding interactions with KD ∼︁ 10–13 M and KD ∼︁ 10–7 M, which was not observed for insulin with variant h (KD ∼︁ 10–8 M) or IGF‐2 with eit...

Research paper thumbnail of CUR and NCUR Join Forces on Undergraduate Research

Journal of Chemical Education, 2011

The Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) and the National Conferences on Undergraduate Researc... more The Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) and the National Conferences on Undergraduate Research (NCUR) have officially joined forces under the CUR banner. Building on a long-standing alliance, the joint organization will be a leading voice for undergraduate research both within the academic community and with external constituencies. The merged organization will also continue to support undergraduate research students through the annual NCUR meeting, and faculty mentors through publications, institutes, advocacy efforts, and the biannual national meeting, among other resources.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Undergraduate Research in an Excellent and Rigorous Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum

Journal of Chemical Education, 2011

In 2008, the American Chemical Society's (ACS) Committee on Professional Training (CPT) issued ne... more In 2008, the American Chemical Society's (ACS) Committee on Professional Training (CPT) issued new guidelines for the approval of undergraduate chemistry programs. Undergraduate research continues to meet the requirements for a portion of laboratory hours necessary for a certified degree, and can also contribute to the in-depth course requirements. The CPT supplements on undergraduate research, excellent and rigorous undergraduate programs, and student skills expand on the pedagogical advantages of undergraduate research. The ACS Guidelines and CPT supplements are supportive of the important role that a research-supportive curriculum can play in the development and training of chemistry students. Departments interested in establishing or strengthening research-rich environments can find support from the ACS Guidelines and from the resources available through the Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR).

Research paper thumbnail of An Inquiry-Based In-Person or Remote Laboratory Using Iron Analysis and Paper Microfluidics to Teach Analytical Method Development

Journal of Chemical Education

Research paper thumbnail of Supporting Student Inquiry and Engagement in the Analytical Lab: Pilot Studies from Three Institutions

Research paper thumbnail of JoVE Video Dataset

Research paper thumbnail of The Joys and Pitfalls of Collaboration in Research

In this article Dr. Kim Frederick talks about why and how to collaborate. Especially when conduct... more In this article Dr. Kim Frederick talks about why and how to collaborate. Especially when conducting research at a primarily undergraduate institution, collaboration can provide your lab and students with critical expertise to move a project forward

Research paper thumbnail of Inquiry-Based Labs Using Paper Microfluidic Devices: The MICRO Project

The MICRO project has developed a series of active-learning labs that can be safely delivered to ... more The MICRO project has developed a series of active-learning labs that can be safely delivered to students either at home or in person using paper microfluidic technology. The skills covered in these labs are appropriate for sophomore-level analytical chemistry courses and general chemistry.

Research paper thumbnail of Inquiry-Based Laboratories Using Paper Microfluidic Devices

Journal of Chemical Education, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of General Chemistry in Just One Semester for All Majors

Journal of Chemical Education, 2020

We have successfully developed a one-semester general chemistry course that meets the primary lea... more We have successfully developed a one-semester general chemistry course that meets the primary learning goals of the traditional two-semester sequence. It is appropriate for physical, life, and earth science majors. Since implementation, 88% of students who start general chemistry complete it, an increase from 72% in our prior traditional curriculum. Scores on a full-year ACS general chemistry exam are almost the same, as are attitudes as measured by the CLASS-Chemistry instrument. Thus, onesemester general chemistry is more efficient, allowing students to move on to additional STEM courses quicker without impacting learning of core content. By increasing completion rates through general chemistry, we have removed a key barrier for students majoring in STEM fields. As well, students now can proceed through organic chemistry and biochemistry by the end of their second year, consistent with the increased emphasis on the chemistry of biological systems for the life sciences and in admissions to medical school. This reform can be implemented by schools that value the traditional quantitative and broad content of general chemistry without modifying later courses or disrupting other departments.

Research paper thumbnail of Twenty-First-Century Spaces for Twenty-First-Century Learners: Where We Are, How We Got Here, and What Next

Council on Undergraduate Research Quarterly, 2017

Appropriately designed laboratory and classroom facilities are essential for facilitating high-qu... more Appropriately designed laboratory and classroom facilities are essential for facilitating high-quality original research experiences for undergraduate students. Project Kaleidoscope (PKAL)-an initiative funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) that involved leaders of the Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR)-engaged faculty, administrators, architects, campus planners, and other key stakeholders in the intentional design of learning spaces for undergraduate research at primarily undergraduate institutions (PUIs). This article discusses nearly three decades of experience since the initiation of the movement to improve STEM facilities at PUIs nationwide. It poses questions for consideration at the beginning of a space-planning process and presents examples of planning processes from Monmouth University and Skidmore College. It also discusses the Learning Spaces Collaboratory (LSC) and a roundtable model for learner-centered facility planning based on lessons learned.

Research paper thumbnail of Rehydrating efficacy of maple water after exercise-induced dehydration

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2019

Dehydration impairs physiological function and physical performance, thus understanding effective... more Dehydration impairs physiological function and physical performance, thus understanding effective rehydration strategies is paramount. Despite growing interest in natural rehydrating beverages, no study has examined maple water (MW). Purpose: To investigate the rehydrating efficacy of MW after exercise-induced dehydration. Methods: Using a single-blind, counterbalanced, crossover design, we compared the rehydrating efficacy of MW vs. maple-flavored bottled water (control) in 26 young healthy (22 ± 4 yrs., 24 ± 4 kg/m 2) males (n = 13) and females (n = 13) after exercise-induced dehydration (~2.0%ΔBody Weight [BW]) in the heat (30°C, 50% relative humidity [RH]). Hydration indicators (BW, salivary and urine osmolality [SOsm/UOsm], urine specific gravity [USG], urine volume [UV], urine color [UC]), thirst, fatigue, and recovery (heart rate [HR)], and HR variability [HRV]) were taken at baseline, post-exercise, 0.5, 1, and 2 h post-consumption of 1 L of MW or control. Results: Following similar dehydration (~2%ΔBW), MW had no differential (p > 0.05) impact on any measure of rehydration. Likely due to greater beverage osmolality (81 ± 1.4 vs. 11 ± 0.7 mOsmol/kg), thirst sensation remained 12% higher with MW (p < 0.05). When sex was considered, females had lower UV, elevated UOsm (p < 0.05), trends for higher ΔBW, USG, but similar SOsm. Analysis of beverages and urine for antioxidant potential (AP) revealed a four-fold greater AP in MW, which increased peak urine AP (9.4 ± 0.7 vs. 7.6 ± 1.0 mmol, MW vs. control, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Electrolyte-containing MW, was similar in effectiveness to water, but has antioxidant properties. Furthermore, trends for sex differences were discovered in urinary, but not salivary, hydration markers, with discrepancies in kinetics between fluid compartments both warranting further study.

Research paper thumbnail of Short-term succinic acid treatment mitigates cerebellar mitochondrial OXPHOS dysfunction, neurodegeneration and ataxia in a Purkinje-specific spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) mouse model

PloS one, 2017

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in neurodegenerative disease including ataxias... more Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in neurodegenerative disease including ataxias and other movement disorders, particularly those marked by progressive degeneration in the cerebellum. In this study, we investigate the role of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficits in cerebellar tissue of a Purkinje cell-driven spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) mouse. Using RNA sequencing transcriptomics, OXPHOS complex assembly analysis and oxygen consumption assays, we report that in the presence of mutant polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-1, SCA1 mice display deficits in cerebellar OXPHOS complex I (NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase). Complex I genes are upregulated at the time of symptom onset and upregulation persists into late stage disease; yet, functional assembly of complex I macromolecules are diminished and oxygen respiration through complex I is reduced. Acute treatment of postsymptomatic SCA1 mice with succinic acid, a complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) ...

Research paper thumbnail of Treating SCA1 Mice with Water-Soluble Compounds to Non-Specifically Boost Mitochondrial Function

Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Adapting Mentoring Programs to the Liberal Arts College Environment

ACS Symposium Series, 2010

Recent work indicates that mentoring of both tenure-track and tenured STEM women faculty is impor... more Recent work indicates that mentoring of both tenure-track and tenured STEM women faculty is important for their success. Surveys at Union and Skidmore Colleges have shown that faculty rising through the ranks agree that they need more information about the tenure and promotion process and that having a mentoring program is important to them. Because the development of mentoring networks is considered more beneficial than having a single mentor, the overall goal of our project is to provide faculty with a variety of mentors who can share their successes and challenges. At small institutions such as ours, drawing from the population of both colleges for mentors is advantageous. As a complement to the pre-existing mentoring programs on both campuses, we have developed a series of mentoring opportunities mainly for STEM women faculty, including speed mentoring, receptions, discussion tables, peer mentoring, and a mentoring database. STEM women have found the opportunity to exchange information on achievements and challenges, both personal and professional, to be empowering

Research paper thumbnail of On-line monitoring of electroosmotic flow for capillary electrophoretic separations

The Analyst, 2001

A recently developed technique for monitoring electroosmotic flow (EOF) in capillary electrophore... more A recently developed technique for monitoring electroosmotic flow (EOF) in capillary electrophoresis by periodic photobleaching of a neutral fluorophore added to the running buffer has been further characterized and optimized and then applied to monitoring EOF during a typical capillary electrophoresis separation. The concentration of neutral fluorophore (rhodamine B) added to the running buffer for monitoring EOF has been decreased by one order of magnitude. The rate at which EOF can be measured has been increased from 0.2 to 1.0 Hz by decreasing the distance between the bleaching beam and the laser-induced fluorescence detector from 6.13 to 0.635 mm. The precision of the measured EOF ranges from 0.2 to 1.8%. Under typical experimental conditions, the dynamic range for flow measurements is 0.066 to 0.73 cm s(-1). Experimental factors affecting precision, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and dynamic range for EOF monitoring have been examined. This technique has been applied to measure EOF during a separation of phenolic acids with analyte detection by UV/VIS absorbance. The EOF monitoring method has been shown not to interfere with UV/VIS absorbance detection of analytes.

Research paper thumbnail of Quantitative Analysis of Simulated Illicit Street-Drug Samples Using Raman Spectroscopy and Partial Least Squares Regression

Spectroscopy Letters, 2011

... [CrossRef], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®]; 17. Ryder , AG ; O'Connor , GM ; Glynn , TJIde... more ... [CrossRef], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®]; 17. Ryder , AG ; O'Connor , GM ; Glynn , TJIdentifications and quantitative measurements of narcotics in solid mixtures usingnear-IR Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis . J. Forensic Sci. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Identification of Individual Drug Crystals on Paper Currency Using Raman Microspectroscopy

Spectroscopy Letters, 2004

Drug consumption, and the industry that supports it, have been targets of law enforcement efforts... more Drug consumption, and the industry that supports it, have been targets of law enforcement efforts for several decades. Recently, several countries have allowed the seizure of paper currency associated with the drug trade for evidentiary purposes. Mass spectrometric methods are most commonly used to detect the presence of illicit drugs on paper currency. Unfortunately, these methods are destructive and the evidence is no longer available for re-analysis by other laboratories. Raman microspectroscopy provides an alternative for non-invasively analyzing drug crystals on banknotes. This study shows that it is possible to detect and

Research paper thumbnail of Insulin Capture by an Insulin-Linked Polymorphic Region G-Quadruplex DNA Oligonucleotide

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006

Insulin capture by a G-quadruplex DNA oligonucleotide containing a two-repeat sequence of the ins... more Insulin capture by a G-quadruplex DNA oligonucleotide containing a two-repeat sequence of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) of the human insulin gene promoter region is reported. The immobilized oligonucleotide was demonstrated to capture human insulin from standard solutions and from nuclear extracts of pancreatic cells with high selectivity, using affinity MALDI-mass spectrometry and affinity capillary chromatography. Insulin was preferentially captured by the tworepeat ILPR oligonucleotide over another G-quadruplex forming oligonucleotide, the thrombin binding aptamer, as well as over a single repeat of the ILPR sequence that is not capable of forming the G-quadruplex architecture. Binding was shown to involve the beta chain of insulin, most likely through association with the two parallel loops of the G-quadruplex structure. The discovery raises the possibility that insulin may bind to G-quadruplex DNA formed in the ILPR in vivo and thereby play a role in modulation of insulin gene expression, and provides a basis for design of insulin analogs to probe this hypothesis. The availability of a DNA ligand to human insulin has analytical importance as well, offering an alternative to antibodies for in vitro or in vivo detection and sensing of insulin as well as its isolation and purification from biological samples.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of polyelectrolyte coating stability under dynamic buffer conditions in CE

Journal of Separation Science, 2011

Dynamic buffer conditions are present in many electrophoretically driven separations. Polyelectro... more Dynamic buffer conditions are present in many electrophoretically driven separations. Polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings have been employed in CE because of their chemical and physical stability as well as their ease of application. The goal of this study is to measure the effect of dynamic changes in buffer pH on flow using a real-time method for measuring EOF. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) were composed of pairs of strong or completely ionized polyelectrolytes including poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride and poly(styrene sulfonate) and weak or ionizable polyelectrolytes including poly-(allylamine) and poly(methacrylic acid). Polyelectrolyte multilayers of varying thicknesses (3, 4, 7, 8, 15, or 16 layers) were also studied. While the magnitude of the EOF was monitored every 2 s, the buffer pH was exchanged from a relatively basic pH (7.1) to increasingly acidic pHs (6.6, 6.1, 5.5, and 5.1). Strong polyelectrolytes responded minimally to changes in buffer pH (o1%), whereas substantial (>10%) and sometimes irreversible changes were measured with weak polyelectrolytes. Thicker coatings resulted in a similar magnitude of response but were more likely to degrade in response to buffer pH changes. The most stable coatings were formed from thinner layers of strong polyelectrolytes.

Research paper thumbnail of A genome‐inspired DNA ligand for the affinity capture of insulin and insulin‐like growth factor‐2

Journal of Separation Science, 2009

The insulin‐linked polymorphic region (ILPR) of the human insulin gene contains tandem repeats of... more The insulin‐linked polymorphic region (ILPR) of the human insulin gene contains tandem repeats of similar G‐rich sequences, some of which form intramolecular G‐quadruplex structures in vitro. Previous work showed affinity binding of insulin to an intramolecular G‐quadruplex formed by ILPR variant a. Here, we report on interactions of insulin and the highly homologous insulin‐like growth factor‐2 (IGF‐2) with ILPR variants a, h, and i. Circular dichroism indicated intramolecular G‐quadruplex formation for variants a and h. Affinity MALDI MS and surface plasmon resonance were used to compare protein capture and binding strengths. Insulin and IGF‐2 exhibited high binding affinity for variants a and h but not i, indicating the involvement of intramolecular G‐quadruplexes. Interaction between insulin and variant a was unique in the appearance of two binding interactions with KD ∼︁ 10–13 M and KD ∼︁ 10–7 M, which was not observed for insulin with variant h (KD ∼︁ 10–8 M) or IGF‐2 with eit...

Research paper thumbnail of CUR and NCUR Join Forces on Undergraduate Research

Journal of Chemical Education, 2011

The Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) and the National Conferences on Undergraduate Researc... more The Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) and the National Conferences on Undergraduate Research (NCUR) have officially joined forces under the CUR banner. Building on a long-standing alliance, the joint organization will be a leading voice for undergraduate research both within the academic community and with external constituencies. The merged organization will also continue to support undergraduate research students through the annual NCUR meeting, and faculty mentors through publications, institutes, advocacy efforts, and the biannual national meeting, among other resources.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Undergraduate Research in an Excellent and Rigorous Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum

Journal of Chemical Education, 2011

In 2008, the American Chemical Society's (ACS) Committee on Professional Training (CPT) issued ne... more In 2008, the American Chemical Society's (ACS) Committee on Professional Training (CPT) issued new guidelines for the approval of undergraduate chemistry programs. Undergraduate research continues to meet the requirements for a portion of laboratory hours necessary for a certified degree, and can also contribute to the in-depth course requirements. The CPT supplements on undergraduate research, excellent and rigorous undergraduate programs, and student skills expand on the pedagogical advantages of undergraduate research. The ACS Guidelines and CPT supplements are supportive of the important role that a research-supportive curriculum can play in the development and training of chemistry students. Departments interested in establishing or strengthening research-rich environments can find support from the ACS Guidelines and from the resources available through the Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR).