Frederick Swanson - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Frederick Swanson

Bioscience, 2003

Long-term research is crucial to understanding past, present, and future disturbance dynamics, an... more Long-term research is crucial to understanding past, present, and future disturbance dynamics, and the LTER Network is poised to make continuing contributions to the understanding of disturbance.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2010

This study used field data and modeling to examine how coarse woody debris (CWD) differs between ... more This study used field data and modeling to examine how coarse woody debris (CWD) differs between two areas that experienced different fire regimes (120- to 300-year mean fire return intervals) in the 1500-1850 period. Although fire frequency and severity established the overall pattern of CWD succession, the interaction of fire regime with other controlling factors caused the differences in CWD mass at the landscape scale. CWD mass was almost twice as high in landscapes having an infrequent, stand-replacing fire regime (173 Mg/ha) as in landscapes having a moderately frequent, mixed-severity fire regime (95 Mg/ha). Factors that appear to have the greatest influence are decomposition rates, fire severity, fire frequency, and fuel consumption, suggesting that environment and stand structure—together with fire regime—are more important than fire regime alone. CWD levels have greater temporal variability in the infrequent, stand-replacing fire regime than in the mixed-severity regime, p...

Forest Ecology and Management, 1996

Ecological Applications, 1999

Landscapes administered for timber production by the U.S. Forest Service in the Pacific Northwest... more Landscapes administered for timber production by the U.S. Forest Service in the Pacific Northwest in the 1950s-1980s were managed with dispersed patch clearcutting, and then briefly in the late 1980s with aggregated patch clear-cutting. In the late 1990s, use of historical landscape patterns and disturbance regimes as a guide for landscape management has emerged as an alternative to the static reserves and standard matrix prescriptions in the Northwest Forest Plan. Use of historical information to guide management recognizes the dynamic and variable character of the landscape and may offer an improved ability to meet ecosystem management objectives.

Effects of large organic material on channel form and fluvial processes

Earth Surface Processes, 1979

In low gradient meandering streams large organic debris enters the channel through bank erosion, ... more In low gradient meandering streams large organic debris enters the channel through bank erosion, mass wasting, blowdown, and collapse of trees due to ice loading. In small streams large organic debris may locally influence channel morphology and sediment transport ...

Conservation Biology, 2000

Forest Ecology and Management, 2003

For much of the world’s forested area, the history of fire has significant implications for under... more For much of the world’s forested area, the history of fire has significant implications for understanding forest dynamics over stand to regional scales. We analyzed temporal patterns of area burned at 25-year intervals over a 600-year period, using 10 tree-ring-based fire history studies located west of the crest of the Cascade Range in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), USA, and related

Introduction Cissel, John H.; Swanson, Frederick J.; Grant, Gordon E.; Olson, Deanna H.; Stanley,... more Introduction Cissel, John H.; Swanson, Frederick J.; Grant, Gordon E.; Olson, Deanna H.; Stanley, Gregory V.; Garman, Steven L.; Ashkenas, Linda R.; Hunter, Matthew G.; Kertis, Jane A.; Mayo, James H.; McSwain, Michelle D.; Swetland, Sam G.; Swindle, Keith A.; Wallin, David O. 1998. A landscape plan based on historical fire regimes for a managed forest ecosystem: the Augusta Creek study. Gen. Tech.

Biogeochemistry, 2003

We analyzed long-term organic and inorganic nitrogen inputs and outputs in precipitation and stre... more We analyzed long-term organic and inorganic nitrogen inputs and outputs in precipitation and streamwater in six watersheds at the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in the central Cascade Mountains of Oregon. Total bulk N deposition, averaging 1.6 to 2.0 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , is low compared to other sites in the United States and little influenced by anthropogenic N sources. Streamwater N export is also low, averaging <1 kg ha −1 yr −1 . DON is the predominant form of N exported from all watersheds, followed by PON, NH 4 -N, and NO 3 -N. Total annual stream discharge was a positive predictor of annual DON output in all six watersheds, suggesting that DON export is related to regional precipitation. In contrast, annual discharge was a positive predictor of annual NO 3 -N output in one watershed, annual NH 4 -N output in three watersheds, and annual PON output in three watersheds. Of the four forms of N, only DON had consistent seasonal concentration patterns in all watersheds. Peak streamwater DON concentrations occurred in November-December after the onset of fall rains but before the peak in the hydrograph, probably due to flushing of products of decomposition that had built up during the dry summer. Multiple biotic controls on the more labile nitrate and ammonium concentrations in streams may obscure temporal DIN flux patterns from the terrestrial environment. Results from this study underscore the value of using several watersheds from a single climatic zone to make inferences about controls on stream N chemistry; analysis of a single watershed may preclude identification of geographically extensive mechanisms controlling N dynamics.

Ecological Characteristics of Streams in Old-Growth Forests of the Pacific Northwest

Forest vegetation strongly affects aquatic habitat in streams and rivers of all sizes. Streams as... more Forest vegetation strongly affects aquatic habitat in streams and rivers of all sizes. Streams associated with old-growth forests are dominated by large tree-sized woody debris. Large woody debris traps sediment and creates a great diversity of habitat for both fish and aquatic invertebrates. Woody debris slows the routing of finer organic matter, and allows organisms time to more fully process

Effects of Roads on Hydrology

Bailey, E.A. and P.J. Mock. 1998. Dispersal capability of the California gnatcatcher: a landscape analysis of distribution data. Western Birds 29:351-360. Carlsbad, City of. 1999. Habitat management plan for the natural communities in the City of Carlsbad. December, with addendum

Report prepared for H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Posted on the Andrews Forest webpage: www.fsl.orst.edu/lter. Fire History Database and Map Layer: Northwest Forest Plan Area