G. Anesetti - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by G. Anesetti

Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 2006

In mammals, pregnancy induces a transient and extensive degeneration of uterine sympathetic inner... more In mammals, pregnancy induces a transient and extensive degeneration of uterine sympathetic innervation. We used the models of unilateral oviduct ligation and in oculo myometrium transplant in pregnant rats to address the role of stretching forces and/or hormone milieu in the loss of sympathetic innervation. The sympathetic fibres of the uterine horn and in oculo myometrial transplants were quantified on tissue sections processed by the glyoxylic acid technique. In normal pregnant rats, the density of uterine horn innervation was significantly reduced at late pregnancy and recovery took place during post partum. The empty horn of pregnant rats showed no significant changes in density of myometrial innervation during pregnancy or post partum. In oculo myometrial transplants were organotypically reinnervated in virgin animals. When the transplants were exposed to gestational hormonal milieu, few or no fibres were observed to the end of pregnancy; however, a significant increase at post partum was observed. Results showed that both the effects of stretching and the hormone milieu derived from the fetus-placenta complex play a role as inductors of changes on sympathetic myometrial innervation during pregnancy and support the idea that immature muscular uterine fibres are more susceptible to the effects of pregnancy than those originating from adult animals.

Neuroscience Letters, 1999

The present study investigates the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by the nicotinamide ad... more The present study investigates the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemical reaction and immunohistochemistry with neuronal NOS (nNOS) antibody during postnatal development of hypoglossal nucleus (XII) in the rat. Our results showed that the enzyme expression was limited to a subset of cells in the dorsal division of the nucleus. Retrogradely labeling with diamidino yellow (DY) from the tongue indicates that these cells were motoneurons. NOS expression was transient, being detectable during the first 3 postnatal weeks, suggesting a role for nitric oxide in the development and maturation of this subset of cranial motoneurons.

Hormone and Metabolic Research, 2012

gene expression and function. Interestingly, not all the "classical" receptors are intranuclear a... more gene expression and function. Interestingly, not all the "classical" receptors are intranuclear and can be associated at the membrane. As described in this review, extranuclear ERs and PRs at the membrane or in the cytoplasm can interact with G proteins and signaling kinases, and other G protein coupled receptors, to mediate rapid eff ects of the hormones. The rapid actions involving cytoplasmic kinase signaling and/or extranuclear steroid receptors can result in both transcription-independent and transcriptiondependent actions. In addition, to their cognate ligands, intranuclear steroid receptors (PRs) can also be activated in a "ligand-independent" manner by neurotransmitters (dopamine; DA). In this review, the distinct classical and nonclassical cellular and molecular mechanisms of steroid hormone action will be discussed with specifi c reference to E2 and P eff ects in central and sympathetic nervous systems ( • ▶ ).

Experimental Parasitology, 2008

Cell and Tissue Research, 2001

Mammalian ovarian function is regulated by both hormonal inputs and direct neural influences. Rec... more Mammalian ovarian function is regulated by both hormonal inputs and direct neural influences. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to the extrinsic innervation, the ovaries of nonhuman primates and a strain of rats contain a discrete population of intrinsic neurons. In the present study, we used histological and immunohistochemical approaches to identify the presence of neuronal cell bodies in the fetal and neonatal human ovary. Neurons containing neurofilament immunoreactivity were detected in the hilum and medulla of the ovary at all ages studied, ranging from 24 weeks of gestation to 10 months of postnatal age. Most of them coexpressed the low affinity neurotrophin receptor (p75 NTR ), and some were catecholaminergic, as determined by their content of immunoreactive tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis. The presence of intrinsic neurons in the human ovary, similar to those previously found in other species, indicates that they may be engaged in regulating common, phylogenetically conserved, ovarian functions. It also raises the possibility that their dysfunction may contribute to the manifestation of particular ovarian pathologies.

Reproduction, 2012

Oestradiol (E 2 ) is a key hormone in the regulation of reproductive processes. The aims of this ... more Oestradiol (E 2 ) is a key hormone in the regulation of reproductive processes. The aims of this work were a) to examine the distributions of oestrogen receptor a (ERa) and ERb in the neurons of the superior mesenteric ganglion (SMG) in the oestrus stage by immunohistochemistry, b) to demonstrate whether E 2 in the SMG modifies progesterone (P 4 ), androstenedione (A 2 ) and nitrite release in the ovarian compartment on oestrus day and c) to demonstrate whether E 2 in the ganglion modifies the activity and gene expression in the ovary of the steroidogenic enzymes 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3b-HSD) and 20a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20a-HSD). The ex vivo SMG-ovarian nervous plexus-ovary system was used. E 2 , tamoxifen (Txf) and E 2 plus Txf were added in the ganglion to measure ovarian P 4 release, while E 2 alone was added to measure ovarian A 2 and nitrites release. Immunohistochemistry revealed cytoplasmic ERa immunoreactivity only in the neural somas in the SMG. E 2 increased ovarian P 4 and A 2 release at 15, 30 and 60 min but decreased nitrites. The activity and gene expression of 3b-HSD increased, while the activity and gene expression of 20a-HSD did not show changes with respect to the control. Txf in the ganglion diminished P 4 release only at 60 min. E 2 plus Txf in the ganglion reverted the effect of E 2 alone and the inhibitory effect of Txf. The results of this study demonstrate that ERa activation in the SMG has an impact on ovarian steroidogenesis in rats, thus providing evidence for the critical role of peripheral system neurons in the control of ovarian functions under normal and pathological conditions.

Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 2006

In mammals, pregnancy induces a transient and extensive degeneration of uterine sympathetic inner... more In mammals, pregnancy induces a transient and extensive degeneration of uterine sympathetic innervation. We used the models of unilateral oviduct ligation and in oculo myometrium transplant in pregnant rats to address the role of stretching forces and/or hormone milieu in the loss of sympathetic innervation. The sympathetic fibres of the uterine horn and in oculo myometrial transplants were quantified on tissue sections processed by the glyoxylic acid technique. In normal pregnant rats, the density of uterine horn innervation was significantly reduced at late pregnancy and recovery took place during post partum. The empty horn of pregnant rats showed no significant changes in density of myometrial innervation during pregnancy or post partum. In oculo myometrial transplants were organotypically reinnervated in virgin animals. When the transplants were exposed to gestational hormonal milieu, few or no fibres were observed to the end of pregnancy; however, a significant increase at post partum was observed. Results showed that both the effects of stretching and the hormone milieu derived from the fetus-placenta complex play a role as inductors of changes on sympathetic myometrial innervation during pregnancy and support the idea that immature muscular uterine fibres are more susceptible to the effects of pregnancy than those originating from adult animals.

Neuroscience Letters, 1999

The present study investigates the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by the nicotinamide ad... more The present study investigates the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemical reaction and immunohistochemistry with neuronal NOS (nNOS) antibody during postnatal development of hypoglossal nucleus (XII) in the rat. Our results showed that the enzyme expression was limited to a subset of cells in the dorsal division of the nucleus. Retrogradely labeling with diamidino yellow (DY) from the tongue indicates that these cells were motoneurons. NOS expression was transient, being detectable during the first 3 postnatal weeks, suggesting a role for nitric oxide in the development and maturation of this subset of cranial motoneurons.

Hormone and Metabolic Research, 2012

gene expression and function. Interestingly, not all the "classical" receptors are intranuclear a... more gene expression and function. Interestingly, not all the "classical" receptors are intranuclear and can be associated at the membrane. As described in this review, extranuclear ERs and PRs at the membrane or in the cytoplasm can interact with G proteins and signaling kinases, and other G protein coupled receptors, to mediate rapid eff ects of the hormones. The rapid actions involving cytoplasmic kinase signaling and/or extranuclear steroid receptors can result in both transcription-independent and transcriptiondependent actions. In addition, to their cognate ligands, intranuclear steroid receptors (PRs) can also be activated in a "ligand-independent" manner by neurotransmitters (dopamine; DA). In this review, the distinct classical and nonclassical cellular and molecular mechanisms of steroid hormone action will be discussed with specifi c reference to E2 and P eff ects in central and sympathetic nervous systems ( • ▶ ).

Experimental Parasitology, 2008

Cell and Tissue Research, 2001

Mammalian ovarian function is regulated by both hormonal inputs and direct neural influences. Rec... more Mammalian ovarian function is regulated by both hormonal inputs and direct neural influences. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to the extrinsic innervation, the ovaries of nonhuman primates and a strain of rats contain a discrete population of intrinsic neurons. In the present study, we used histological and immunohistochemical approaches to identify the presence of neuronal cell bodies in the fetal and neonatal human ovary. Neurons containing neurofilament immunoreactivity were detected in the hilum and medulla of the ovary at all ages studied, ranging from 24 weeks of gestation to 10 months of postnatal age. Most of them coexpressed the low affinity neurotrophin receptor (p75 NTR ), and some were catecholaminergic, as determined by their content of immunoreactive tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis. The presence of intrinsic neurons in the human ovary, similar to those previously found in other species, indicates that they may be engaged in regulating common, phylogenetically conserved, ovarian functions. It also raises the possibility that their dysfunction may contribute to the manifestation of particular ovarian pathologies.

Reproduction, 2012

Oestradiol (E 2 ) is a key hormone in the regulation of reproductive processes. The aims of this ... more Oestradiol (E 2 ) is a key hormone in the regulation of reproductive processes. The aims of this work were a) to examine the distributions of oestrogen receptor a (ERa) and ERb in the neurons of the superior mesenteric ganglion (SMG) in the oestrus stage by immunohistochemistry, b) to demonstrate whether E 2 in the SMG modifies progesterone (P 4 ), androstenedione (A 2 ) and nitrite release in the ovarian compartment on oestrus day and c) to demonstrate whether E 2 in the ganglion modifies the activity and gene expression in the ovary of the steroidogenic enzymes 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3b-HSD) and 20a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20a-HSD). The ex vivo SMG-ovarian nervous plexus-ovary system was used. E 2 , tamoxifen (Txf) and E 2 plus Txf were added in the ganglion to measure ovarian P 4 release, while E 2 alone was added to measure ovarian A 2 and nitrites release. Immunohistochemistry revealed cytoplasmic ERa immunoreactivity only in the neural somas in the SMG. E 2 increased ovarian P 4 and A 2 release at 15, 30 and 60 min but decreased nitrites. The activity and gene expression of 3b-HSD increased, while the activity and gene expression of 20a-HSD did not show changes with respect to the control. Txf in the ganglion diminished P 4 release only at 60 min. E 2 plus Txf in the ganglion reverted the effect of E 2 alone and the inhibitory effect of Txf. The results of this study demonstrate that ERa activation in the SMG has an impact on ovarian steroidogenesis in rats, thus providing evidence for the critical role of peripheral system neurons in the control of ovarian functions under normal and pathological conditions.