Graham Barnfield - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Graham Barnfield

Canadian journal of history, Aug 1, 2005

Journal of American Studies, Aug 1, 1999

CJO Search Widget (Journal of American Studies) What is this? ... Download a branded Cambridge Jo... more CJO Search Widget (Journal of American Studies) What is this? ... Download a branded Cambridge Journals Online toolbar (for IE 7 only). What is this? ... Add Cambridge Journals Online as a search option in your browser toolbar. What is this? ... Mark Fearnow, The American ...

Critique: Journal of Socialist Theory, Aug 1, 2010

This is a very carefully researched and well-written account of reactions within Britain to the S... more This is a very carefully researched and well-written account of reactions within Britain to the Soviet Union during the industrialisation and forced collectivisation programmes of the 1930s. It brings to light much new material, and should be a valuable contribution both to the origin of Soviet studies in Britain and to the political nature of British intellectual assumptions in the face of what appeared to many as the final collapse of capitalism. Dr Flewers writes with a sense of urgency and direct interest which makes a refreshing contrast to the languid wit and detachment which often surrounds intellectual history. His commitment is openly Marxist, a courageous stance in the academic world during the last 20 years, but that commitment is generally unobtrusive in a study which avoids crude rhetoric and polemic, and avoids the simple 'Stalin-or-Trotsky' alternatives usually attributed to Marxist writers on the USSR. He draws on an impressive range of references, and demonstrates a thorough acquaintance with authorities such as Paul Hollander and Abbot Gleason. Most importantly, he refuses to be hypnotised by the deification (or demonization) of Stalin and the USSR; he recognises that, while moral outrage is understandable, it is no substitute for a cool analysis. An important aspect of this book is its attempt to classify the broad and varied contemporary literature on the USSR in a comprehensible manner, something regarded as impossible by Walter Laqueur in The Fate of the Revolution back in 1967.(1) Dr Flewers distinguishes a critical if inchoate third group, a 'centre ground' distinct from apologists and enemies, and in his organisation of their arguments he is able to demonstrate a multiplicity of approaches and motivations among observers and political activists. In doing so, he valuably extends our knowledge of the variety of reactions to the USSR. The author draws on serious articles and commentaries in journals and magazines, but decides not to use journalistic responses and internal government material. This is a pity, as it detracts from the comprehensiveness of the book, although readers are directed to relevant analysis of these latter sources, such as Steffanie Nanson's thesis on Fleet Street and the USSR in the 1930s.(2) Fortunately, he makes sensible exceptions in practice, quoting The Economist and Spectator when required. In order to stress that British opinion was never completely insular, he includes a large number of non-British writers and

Journal of War and Culture Studies, 2011

Journal of American Studies, Dec 1, 2000

In his latest book, Christopher Bailey, an expert on the Republican Party in the Senate between ... more In his latest book, Christopher Bailey, an expert on the Republican Party in the Senate between  and , turns his attention to the intricacies of congressional air pollution control activity since . This is undeniably an understudied yet important area, pesticide regulation, ...

The economic slump of the 1930s heralded a new era of crisis in the United States. It also led to... more The economic slump of the 1930s heralded a new era of crisis in the United States. It also led to innovative strategies of cultural patronage, the latter being defined herein as the relationship between a provider of protection and material support, and a cultural practitioner, whose production was oriented toward the needs of the patron. Such patterns form the basis of this study. Although initially examining the federal government's attempt to fund artists and writers, a specific cultural strategy that was part of the Roosevelt administration's more general counter-crisis activity, the study introduces a comparative dimension by discussing the responses of the organised literary left to the Depression. This emphasis also unearths a significant secondary problematic, that of the selective amnesia concerning the 1930s which has constructed a number of 'orthodox' readings of the period. Given the 'common sense' character of such mythology, the study has drawn upon an intentionally broad range of sources in order to present an alternative narrative. This has allowed for the identification of a number of common themes across federally-funded culture and that of the left: namely, egalitarianism, a realist approach to representation, and an underlying 'documentary impulse'. We can then see how a sense of crisis became embedded in cultural production, serving as a permanent reminder of economic breakdown and its consequences. An assessment is made of the influences and interplay of various factors, primarily crisis and patronage, which through the medium of the state and the organised left intelligentsia are brought to bear on the direction, appropriation, form and content of cultural practice. A cknow ledgem ents One aspect of producing a study of this nature is the numerous debts that I cannot hope to repay. First and foremost, thanks go to my supervisors, Dr. Chris Pawling and Dr. John Baxendale. Their critical and patient reading, and endless hours of attention made possible my attempt at narrating the thirties. I would like also to express thanks to Professor Chas Critcher, who gave me enough rope by securing the resources for my primary research in the United States.

Architectural Design, 2006

Routledge eBooks, Jan 26, 2022

3 Federal Arts Policy and Political Legitimation Graham Barnfield Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.&a... more 3 Federal Arts Policy and Political Legitimation Graham Barnfield Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.'s Age of Roosevelt trilogy opens with a volume entitled Crisis of the Old Order,] reflecting a period when" the specter of cataclysmic disorder" stalked the land. 2 The dislocation caused by ...

Historical Materialism, 2003

Proof -Shmoof brought into the open undercover methods exposed the plot POSITIVE RE ACT7ON INDICA... more Proof -Shmoof brought into the open undercover methods exposed the plot POSITIVE RE ACT7ON INDICATES SUBVeRS/VE DESIRE , TO EARtJ I.IV7NC. WAGE traced the flip-flop policy showed the public ways to spot Communists identified Moscow propaganda disclosed use •£ ...

FOREWORD These proceedings document the work of a wide range of researchers, academics and expert... more FOREWORD These proceedings document the work of a wide range of researchers, academics and experts from across the world, each presenting at the Masterplanning the Future international conference held in China on October 18th and 19th 2012. These proceedings of the conference outline a variety of intellectual explorations relating to historical and contemporary situations, discussions and case studies, in China and around the world. As a body of work, and as a contribution to open enquiry, this is less an examination of how direct "conclusions" or "lessons" can be learned from different historical periods and social circumstances, but hopefully helpfully, the exchange of ideas and experiences facilitated by the Masterplanning the Future conference may help to stimulate a better understanding of architecture, contemporary and traditional urbanism; fostering critical awareness and challenging perceptions. Within a rapidly urbanizing world, the contributors look variously at whether advocacy for, criticism of, or rejection of modern design – as well as Modernist idealism - can go some way to help us understand the global urban condition. Let’s take the West, Africa and China as historico-cultural points on the compass. The West: In early 20th century Europe, modernist Charles Jencks considers talk of a zeitgeist to be pernicious the appeal of Modernism was that it caught the zeitgeist of a social liberationist tendency. It divided opinion then, and continues to do so today. Post- and academic Westfall suggests that the impact of Modernist historicism to be tyrannous . But whether in agreement or otherwise, Modernism operated within an era of social transformation: it was widely noted that it reflected an experimental age, in which . In the course of the early years of the new century, risk-taking avant-gardism in the West seems to have been replaced - for better or worse - by risk-aversion. Does this current attitude reflect a maturation from the age of innocence shown by early Modernists contemporary 2011) the self-assurance to try and to fail (Westfall: ; or is it a sign of a loss of nerve in the  period. Africa: As it usurps Asia as the most rapidly urbanising region in the world, many commentators, such as Mike Davis, use the African continent as a cypher for their disillusion with the modern world. The vision of the African city as innocent and about to be ravaged by modernity, recalls the view of Oswald Spengler who linked the decline of Western civilization with the rise of the new. In contemporary critiques, modernism in Africa reflects a cultural colonialism rather than a progressive developmental model (Avermate et al: 2010), with opponents advocating against direct planned improvements in living standards; Koolhaas, for example, celebrates his observation that ” (Koolhaas: 2002). Many in Africa are striving for a new way modernity, but is there just cause to kick against the Eurocentric model of development just because of its colonial past? (Araeen: 2003) When writers problematize "when modernism... transplanted to Africa, being not endogenous, it grafted poorly to existing life structures" (Agwuele: 2012), there is an implicit reverence for the economic and developmental gap. Modern life did not transplant into the relative poverty of Africa, they say, because Africa wasn't sufficiently developed to accept it. So how are we - or they - to square this underdevelopment circle? China: Continuity and change have long been the hallmarks of Chinese development throughout the centuries. As such, a synergy between contemporary and traditional needs is conjured up in the abstract notion of "Modernity with Chinese characteristics" (Esherick: 2000). Conversely, the Masterplanning the Future keynote speaker, Professor Wang Yun, director of Atelier Fronti bemoans Modernism's “erasure” from China’s collective memory. Is there really a harmonious way to balance the needs and desires of the past and the future? Or does China’s current epoch exemplify the somewhat antagonistic rise of progress, sometimes codified as social modernity. These abovementioned vignettes are simply placed here as illustrative models, however, the contributions within these proceedings are much more detailed, specific - and engaging - and are chosen as papers that will stimulate contention, discussion and argument. (Jencks: 2002) designers had “in Lagos there is no choice, but there are countless ways to articulate the condition of no choice 4 We believe that these proceedings, initiated by Masterplanning the Future's "Modernism: East, West & Across The World" conference, are an excellent opportunity to take a lead in a debate that will change the way that architecture and urbanism is understood and discussed in China... and further afield. As the conference convenor, I, together with co-organiser, Theodoros Dounas, are delighted to have published these works which I…

Reconstruction, 2008

Paul Buhle on Rebels with a Cause, a Collective Memoir of the hopes, rebellions and repression of... more Paul Buhle on Rebels with a Cause, a Collective Memoir of the hopes, rebellions and repression of the 1960s, Helen Garvy, Editor. ... ISSN: 1547-4348. All material contained within this site is copyrighted by the identified author. If no author is identified in relation to content, that ...

reconstruction.eserver.org

1> This review article was first scheduled to appear in Intensities (ISSN 1471-5031), a '... more 1> This review article was first scheduled to appear in Intensities (ISSN 1471-5031), a 'journal of cult media' which subsequently suspended publication. Writing in early 2003, my flippant, slightly younger self said “Cast your mind back a decade to a time when it appeared that ...

Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Shaping of American Political Culture, 2022

3 Federal Arts Policy and Political Legitimation Graham Barnfield Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.&#... more 3 Federal Arts Policy and Political Legitimation Graham Barnfield Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.'s Age of Roosevelt trilogy opens with a volume entitled Crisis of the Old Order,] reflecting a period when" the specter of cataclysmic disorder" stalked the land. 2 The dislocation caused by ...

Journal of War and Culture Studies, 2011

Current Issues in Tourism, 2013

ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to examine the effects of the post-1990 transition on the re... more ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to examine the effects of the post-1990 transition on the relocation of tourism and changes in the structure of tourism over the last 20 years in Belgrade. Economic and social development altered spatial relations of tourist factors and elements. Apart from the old city core, new tourist zones and directions appeared. Tourist flows and economic challenges influenced the rationalisation of doing business and relocating the hotels outside the central city municipalities. Belgrade has been acknowledged as a low-cost destination of fun and nightlife and the city's new image has attracted more foreign tourists. Both the volume of foreign tourists and their countries of origin have changed significantly over the last several years. However, there have been negligible economic effects on the city's economy, despite this increase in the number of foreign tourists. In conclusion, we examine the implications of new directions in tourism development for the future position of Belgrade as a tourist destination in a competitive European market.

Canadian journal of history, Aug 1, 2005

Journal of American Studies, Aug 1, 1999

CJO Search Widget (Journal of American Studies) What is this? ... Download a branded Cambridge Jo... more CJO Search Widget (Journal of American Studies) What is this? ... Download a branded Cambridge Journals Online toolbar (for IE 7 only). What is this? ... Add Cambridge Journals Online as a search option in your browser toolbar. What is this? ... Mark Fearnow, The American ...

Critique: Journal of Socialist Theory, Aug 1, 2010

This is a very carefully researched and well-written account of reactions within Britain to the S... more This is a very carefully researched and well-written account of reactions within Britain to the Soviet Union during the industrialisation and forced collectivisation programmes of the 1930s. It brings to light much new material, and should be a valuable contribution both to the origin of Soviet studies in Britain and to the political nature of British intellectual assumptions in the face of what appeared to many as the final collapse of capitalism. Dr Flewers writes with a sense of urgency and direct interest which makes a refreshing contrast to the languid wit and detachment which often surrounds intellectual history. His commitment is openly Marxist, a courageous stance in the academic world during the last 20 years, but that commitment is generally unobtrusive in a study which avoids crude rhetoric and polemic, and avoids the simple 'Stalin-or-Trotsky' alternatives usually attributed to Marxist writers on the USSR. He draws on an impressive range of references, and demonstrates a thorough acquaintance with authorities such as Paul Hollander and Abbot Gleason. Most importantly, he refuses to be hypnotised by the deification (or demonization) of Stalin and the USSR; he recognises that, while moral outrage is understandable, it is no substitute for a cool analysis. An important aspect of this book is its attempt to classify the broad and varied contemporary literature on the USSR in a comprehensible manner, something regarded as impossible by Walter Laqueur in The Fate of the Revolution back in 1967.(1) Dr Flewers distinguishes a critical if inchoate third group, a 'centre ground' distinct from apologists and enemies, and in his organisation of their arguments he is able to demonstrate a multiplicity of approaches and motivations among observers and political activists. In doing so, he valuably extends our knowledge of the variety of reactions to the USSR. The author draws on serious articles and commentaries in journals and magazines, but decides not to use journalistic responses and internal government material. This is a pity, as it detracts from the comprehensiveness of the book, although readers are directed to relevant analysis of these latter sources, such as Steffanie Nanson's thesis on Fleet Street and the USSR in the 1930s.(2) Fortunately, he makes sensible exceptions in practice, quoting The Economist and Spectator when required. In order to stress that British opinion was never completely insular, he includes a large number of non-British writers and

Journal of War and Culture Studies, 2011

Journal of American Studies, Dec 1, 2000

In his latest book, Christopher Bailey, an expert on the Republican Party in the Senate between ... more In his latest book, Christopher Bailey, an expert on the Republican Party in the Senate between  and , turns his attention to the intricacies of congressional air pollution control activity since . This is undeniably an understudied yet important area, pesticide regulation, ...

The economic slump of the 1930s heralded a new era of crisis in the United States. It also led to... more The economic slump of the 1930s heralded a new era of crisis in the United States. It also led to innovative strategies of cultural patronage, the latter being defined herein as the relationship between a provider of protection and material support, and a cultural practitioner, whose production was oriented toward the needs of the patron. Such patterns form the basis of this study. Although initially examining the federal government's attempt to fund artists and writers, a specific cultural strategy that was part of the Roosevelt administration's more general counter-crisis activity, the study introduces a comparative dimension by discussing the responses of the organised literary left to the Depression. This emphasis also unearths a significant secondary problematic, that of the selective amnesia concerning the 1930s which has constructed a number of 'orthodox' readings of the period. Given the 'common sense' character of such mythology, the study has drawn upon an intentionally broad range of sources in order to present an alternative narrative. This has allowed for the identification of a number of common themes across federally-funded culture and that of the left: namely, egalitarianism, a realist approach to representation, and an underlying 'documentary impulse'. We can then see how a sense of crisis became embedded in cultural production, serving as a permanent reminder of economic breakdown and its consequences. An assessment is made of the influences and interplay of various factors, primarily crisis and patronage, which through the medium of the state and the organised left intelligentsia are brought to bear on the direction, appropriation, form and content of cultural practice. A cknow ledgem ents One aspect of producing a study of this nature is the numerous debts that I cannot hope to repay. First and foremost, thanks go to my supervisors, Dr. Chris Pawling and Dr. John Baxendale. Their critical and patient reading, and endless hours of attention made possible my attempt at narrating the thirties. I would like also to express thanks to Professor Chas Critcher, who gave me enough rope by securing the resources for my primary research in the United States.

Architectural Design, 2006

Routledge eBooks, Jan 26, 2022

3 Federal Arts Policy and Political Legitimation Graham Barnfield Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.&a... more 3 Federal Arts Policy and Political Legitimation Graham Barnfield Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.'s Age of Roosevelt trilogy opens with a volume entitled Crisis of the Old Order,] reflecting a period when" the specter of cataclysmic disorder" stalked the land. 2 The dislocation caused by ...

Historical Materialism, 2003

Proof -Shmoof brought into the open undercover methods exposed the plot POSITIVE RE ACT7ON INDICA... more Proof -Shmoof brought into the open undercover methods exposed the plot POSITIVE RE ACT7ON INDICATES SUBVeRS/VE DESIRE , TO EARtJ I.IV7NC. WAGE traced the flip-flop policy showed the public ways to spot Communists identified Moscow propaganda disclosed use •£ ...

FOREWORD These proceedings document the work of a wide range of researchers, academics and expert... more FOREWORD These proceedings document the work of a wide range of researchers, academics and experts from across the world, each presenting at the Masterplanning the Future international conference held in China on October 18th and 19th 2012. These proceedings of the conference outline a variety of intellectual explorations relating to historical and contemporary situations, discussions and case studies, in China and around the world. As a body of work, and as a contribution to open enquiry, this is less an examination of how direct "conclusions" or "lessons" can be learned from different historical periods and social circumstances, but hopefully helpfully, the exchange of ideas and experiences facilitated by the Masterplanning the Future conference may help to stimulate a better understanding of architecture, contemporary and traditional urbanism; fostering critical awareness and challenging perceptions. Within a rapidly urbanizing world, the contributors look variously at whether advocacy for, criticism of, or rejection of modern design – as well as Modernist idealism - can go some way to help us understand the global urban condition. Let’s take the West, Africa and China as historico-cultural points on the compass. The West: In early 20th century Europe, modernist Charles Jencks considers talk of a zeitgeist to be pernicious the appeal of Modernism was that it caught the zeitgeist of a social liberationist tendency. It divided opinion then, and continues to do so today. Post- and academic Westfall suggests that the impact of Modernist historicism to be tyrannous . But whether in agreement or otherwise, Modernism operated within an era of social transformation: it was widely noted that it reflected an experimental age, in which . In the course of the early years of the new century, risk-taking avant-gardism in the West seems to have been replaced - for better or worse - by risk-aversion. Does this current attitude reflect a maturation from the age of innocence shown by early Modernists contemporary 2011) the self-assurance to try and to fail (Westfall: ; or is it a sign of a loss of nerve in the  period. Africa: As it usurps Asia as the most rapidly urbanising region in the world, many commentators, such as Mike Davis, use the African continent as a cypher for their disillusion with the modern world. The vision of the African city as innocent and about to be ravaged by modernity, recalls the view of Oswald Spengler who linked the decline of Western civilization with the rise of the new. In contemporary critiques, modernism in Africa reflects a cultural colonialism rather than a progressive developmental model (Avermate et al: 2010), with opponents advocating against direct planned improvements in living standards; Koolhaas, for example, celebrates his observation that ” (Koolhaas: 2002). Many in Africa are striving for a new way modernity, but is there just cause to kick against the Eurocentric model of development just because of its colonial past? (Araeen: 2003) When writers problematize "when modernism... transplanted to Africa, being not endogenous, it grafted poorly to existing life structures" (Agwuele: 2012), there is an implicit reverence for the economic and developmental gap. Modern life did not transplant into the relative poverty of Africa, they say, because Africa wasn't sufficiently developed to accept it. So how are we - or they - to square this underdevelopment circle? China: Continuity and change have long been the hallmarks of Chinese development throughout the centuries. As such, a synergy between contemporary and traditional needs is conjured up in the abstract notion of "Modernity with Chinese characteristics" (Esherick: 2000). Conversely, the Masterplanning the Future keynote speaker, Professor Wang Yun, director of Atelier Fronti bemoans Modernism's “erasure” from China’s collective memory. Is there really a harmonious way to balance the needs and desires of the past and the future? Or does China’s current epoch exemplify the somewhat antagonistic rise of progress, sometimes codified as social modernity. These abovementioned vignettes are simply placed here as illustrative models, however, the contributions within these proceedings are much more detailed, specific - and engaging - and are chosen as papers that will stimulate contention, discussion and argument. (Jencks: 2002) designers had “in Lagos there is no choice, but there are countless ways to articulate the condition of no choice 4 We believe that these proceedings, initiated by Masterplanning the Future's "Modernism: East, West & Across The World" conference, are an excellent opportunity to take a lead in a debate that will change the way that architecture and urbanism is understood and discussed in China... and further afield. As the conference convenor, I, together with co-organiser, Theodoros Dounas, are delighted to have published these works which I…

Reconstruction, 2008

Paul Buhle on Rebels with a Cause, a Collective Memoir of the hopes, rebellions and repression of... more Paul Buhle on Rebels with a Cause, a Collective Memoir of the hopes, rebellions and repression of the 1960s, Helen Garvy, Editor. ... ISSN: 1547-4348. All material contained within this site is copyrighted by the identified author. If no author is identified in relation to content, that ...

reconstruction.eserver.org

1> This review article was first scheduled to appear in Intensities (ISSN 1471-5031), a '... more 1> This review article was first scheduled to appear in Intensities (ISSN 1471-5031), a 'journal of cult media' which subsequently suspended publication. Writing in early 2003, my flippant, slightly younger self said “Cast your mind back a decade to a time when it appeared that ...

Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Shaping of American Political Culture, 2022

3 Federal Arts Policy and Political Legitimation Graham Barnfield Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.&#... more 3 Federal Arts Policy and Political Legitimation Graham Barnfield Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.'s Age of Roosevelt trilogy opens with a volume entitled Crisis of the Old Order,] reflecting a period when" the specter of cataclysmic disorder" stalked the land. 2 The dislocation caused by ...

Journal of War and Culture Studies, 2011

Current Issues in Tourism, 2013

ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to examine the effects of the post-1990 transition on the re... more ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to examine the effects of the post-1990 transition on the relocation of tourism and changes in the structure of tourism over the last 20 years in Belgrade. Economic and social development altered spatial relations of tourist factors and elements. Apart from the old city core, new tourist zones and directions appeared. Tourist flows and economic challenges influenced the rationalisation of doing business and relocating the hotels outside the central city municipalities. Belgrade has been acknowledged as a low-cost destination of fun and nightlife and the city's new image has attracted more foreign tourists. Both the volume of foreign tourists and their countries of origin have changed significantly over the last several years. However, there have been negligible economic effects on the city's economy, despite this increase in the number of foreign tourists. In conclusion, we examine the implications of new directions in tourism development for the future position of Belgrade as a tourist destination in a competitive European market.