G. Berall - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by G. Berall

Clinical Neurophysiology, 2014

implanted LFP electrodes in diverse cortical areas and EMG electrodes for chronic recordings. The... more implanted LFP electrodes in diverse cortical areas and EMG electrodes for chronic recordings. The electrographic activities were recorded continuously for at least two months. Almost all animals generated acute seizures of variable morphology within the first 10 h from lesion.

Pediatrics, 2015

Many young children are thought by their parents to eat poorly. Although the majority of these ch... more Many young children are thought by their parents to eat poorly. Although the majority of these children are mildly affected, a small percentage have a serious feeding disorder. Nevertheless, even mildly affected children whose anxious parents adopt inappropriate feeding practices may experience consequences. Therefore, pediatricians must take all parental concerns seriously and offer appropriate guidance. This requires a workable classification of feeding problems and a systematic approach. The classification and approach we describe incorporate more recent considerations by specialists, both medical and psychological. In our model, children are categorized under the 3 principal eating behaviors that concern parents: limited appetite, selective intake, and fear of feeding. Each category includes a range from normal (misperceived) to severe (behavioral and organic). The feeding styles of caregivers (responsive, controlling, indulgent, and neglectful) are also incorporated. The object...

Canada communicable disease report = Relevé des maladies transmissibles au Canada, 2003

... Update: severe acute respiratory syndrome--Toronto, 2003. [Article in English, French]. Walli... more ... Update: severe acute respiratory syndrome--Toronto, 2003. [Article in English, French]. Wallington T, Berger L, Henry B, Shahin R, Yaffe B, Mederski B, Berall G, Christian M, McGeer A, Low D, Wong T, Tam T, Ofner M, Hansen L, Gravel D, King A; SARS Investigation Team. ...

International Journal of Obesity, 2008

Objective: To compare the effect of glucose and whey-protein preloads on satiety and food intake ... more Objective: To compare the effect of glucose and whey-protein preloads on satiety and food intake (FI) as affected by time to the next meal and body composition in normal weight (NW) and obese (OB) boys. Design: Cross-sectional clinical intervention study of the effect of caloric preloads on FI control in boys. Subjects: Seventeen NW (body mass index (BMI) ¼ 18.970.5 kg/m 2 ; age ¼ 12.270.3 years) and 17 OB boys (BMI ¼ 25.870.9 kg/m 2 ; age ¼ 11.470.3 years) (Experiment 1) and 12 NW boys (BMI ¼ 18.670.6 kg/m 2 ; age ¼ 12.170.3 years) (Experiment 2). Measurements: On three separate mornings and in random order each of the boys consumed a noncaloric sweetened preload, glucose (837 kJ) or whey protein (837 kJ) (Experiment 1) or noncaloric preload, glucose (1.0 g/kg) or whey protein (1.0 g/kg) (Experiment 2) made up to 250 ml with water 2 h after the consumption of a fixed breakfast. Food intake from a pizza meal was measured 30 min (Experiment 1) or 60 min (Experiment 2) later. Results: In Experiment 1, glucose suppressed FI (mean kJ7s.e.m.) in NW (31267304) and OB boys (31167286) compared with the control (NW, 40157337 and OB, 37917255). Whey protein suppressed FI in NW, but not in OB boys. Body weight, fat-mass and fat-free mass were positively associated with FI after all treatments in NW, but was not related to FI in OB boys. In Experiment 2, FI was suppressed by whey protein (26837367) more than by glucose (31077294) or the control (35857361). Conclusion: NW and OB boys respond differently to whey-protein preloads, with time to next meal a factor in the response to both glucose and protein preloads.

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2006

Silent aspiration or the inhalation of foodstuffs without overt physiological signs presents a se... more Silent aspiration or the inhalation of foodstuffs without overt physiological signs presents a serious health issue for children with dysphagia. To date, there are no reliable means of detecting aspiration in the home or community. An assistive technology that performs in these environments could inform caregivers of adverse events and potentially reduce the morbidity and anxiety of the feeding experience for the child and caregiver, respectively. This paper proposes a classifier for automatic classification of aspiration and swallow vibration signals non-invasively recorded on the neck of children with dysphagia. Vibration signals associated with safe swallows and aspirations, both identified via videofluoroscopy, were collected from over 100 children with neurologically-based dysphagia using a single-axis accelerometer. Five potentially discriminatory mathematical features were extracted from the accelerometry signals. All possible combinations of the five features were investigat...

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2006

Silent aspiration presents a serious health issue for children with dysphagia. To date, there is ... more Silent aspiration presents a serious health issue for children with dysphagia. To date, there is no satisfactory means of detecting aspiration in the home or community. In an effort to design a practical device that could offer reliability, non-invasiveness, portability, and easy usability, radial basis functions based on cervical accelerometry signals were investigated. Vibration signals associated with safe swallows and aspirations, both identified via videofluoroscopy, were collected from over 100 children with neurologically-based dysphagia using a single-axis accelerometer. Three time-domain discriminatory mathematical features were extracted from the accelerometry signals. An exhaustive set of all possible combinations of the features was investigated in the design of radial basis function classifiers. The feature pairing of dispersion ratio and normality achieved an accuracy of 81.03 +/- 5.78%, a false negative rate of 9.06 +/- 4.84%, and a false positive rate of 9.91 +/- 5.0...

Pediatric dentistry

The purpose of this study was to describe the nutritional status of children with severe early ch... more The purpose of this study was to describe the nutritional status of children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) using several clinical measurements. Children aged 2 to 6 years with S-ECC were measured for height, weight, triceps skinfolds (TSF), and measurement of upper mid-arm circumference (MAC). Blood samples assessed: (1) hemoglobin; (2) mean corpuscular volume (MCV); (3) serum ferritin; and (4) serum albumin. Weight-for-height was converted into ideal body weight (IBW) percentiles. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as kg/m2. TSF and MAC were converted into measurement of arm muscle circumference (MAMC). All measurements were compared with population reference values. Using weight for height centiles, 17% were diagnosed as being malnourished and 66% as within normal limits. Using BMI centiles, only 4% were identified as being malnourished and 75% as being normal. Conversely, the body fat of 24% was assessed as low (<10th percentile). Serum albumin was low for 16%. ...

Pediatric Research, 2005

Background: Indomethacin (INDO) is used for of intraventricular hemorrhage prophylaxis and closur... more Background: Indomethacin (INDO) is used for of intraventricular hemorrhage prophylaxis and closure of ductus arteriosus in premature infants. Cellular and molecular actions of INDO on brain cells remain unclear. We examined INDO effects on cellular parameters (growth, proliferation, respiratory burst).

The Journal of Pediatrics, 1993

Energy expenditure during various activities of daily living In normally nourished female adolesc... more Energy expenditure during various activities of daily living In normally nourished female adolescents with cystic fibrosis was compared with that In matched healthy control subjects. Energy expenditure at rest, during sitting and standing, and during two levels of exercise was increased significantly in patients with cystic fibrosis (122% +_. 44%) compared with control subjects (104% __+ 40%) (p < 0.05), but incremental increases from one level of activity to another did not differ. We conclude that the various activities of daily living are not responsible for Increased energy needs in female adolescents with cystic fibrosis. (J PEDIATR 1993;122:243-6)

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2012

Background: Dysphagia or swallowing disorder negatively impacts a child's health and development.... more Background: Dysphagia or swallowing disorder negatively impacts a child's health and development. The gold standard of dysphagia detection is videofluoroscopy which exposes the child to ionizing radiation, and requires specialized clinical expertise and expensive institutionally-based equipment, precluding day-to-day and repeated assessment of fluctuating swallowing function. Swallowing accelerometry is the non-invasive measurement of cervical vibrations during swallowing and may provide a portable and cost-effective bedside alternative. In particular, dual-axis swallowing accelerometry has demonstrated screening potential in older persons with neurogenic dysphagia, but the technique has not been evaluated in the pediatric population. Methods: In this study, dual-axis accelerometric signals were collected simultaneous to videofluoroscopic records from 29 pediatric participants (age 6.8 ± 4.8 years; 20 males) previously diagnosed with neurogenic dysphagia. Participants swallowed 3-5 sips of barium-coated boluses of different consistencies (normally, from thick puree to thin liquid) by spoon or bottle. Videofluoroscopic records were reviewed retrospectively by a clinical expert to extract swallow timings and ratings. The dual-axis acceleration signals corresponding to each identified swallow were pre-processed, segmented and trimmed prior to feature extraction from time, frequency, time-frequency and information theoretic domains. Feature space dimensionality was reduced via principal components. Results: Using 8-fold cross-validation, 16-17 dimensions and a support vector machine classifier with an RBF kernel, an adjusted accuracy of 89.6% ± 0.9 was achieved for the discrimination between swallows with and with out airway entry. Conclusions: Our results suggest that dual-axis accelerometry has merit in the non-invasive detection of unsafe swallows in children and deserves further consideration as a pediatric medical device.

Gut, 1989

A 27 month old girl with congenital microvillus atrophy received two courses of SMS 201-995, a sy... more A 27 month old girl with congenital microvillus atrophy received two courses of SMS 201-995, a synthetic long acting analogue of native somatostatin, in an attempt to decrease profuse secretory diarrhoea. During the first trial at 13 months of age fluid and electrolytes administered by parenteral infusion were decreased as measured by water and faecal electrolyte losses. During the second trial of SMS 201-995 at 19 months fluid and electrolyte input were held constant for 14 days. Stool volume declined from 275 ml/kg to 161 ml/kg. Reductions in output of stool electrolytes (Nal, K+, Cl-) were accompanied by an increase in urine fluid output and increased excretion of urinary Nal. Subsequent administration of SMS 201-995 for a nine month period was not associated with adverse side effects or an impairment of growth velocity. These findings suggest that SMS 201-995 may be useful therapy in infants with high output diarrhoea as a result of congenital microvillus atrophy.

IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 2005

An aspiration signal is the time-varying anterior-posterior acceleration measured infero-anterior... more An aspiration signal is the time-varying anterior-posterior acceleration measured infero-anterior to the thyroid notch when foreign material enters the airway during inspiration. The hypothesis of weak stationarity is tested on aspiration signals by the reverse arrangements test. Results indicate that aspiration signals cannot be uniformly regarded as weakly stationary. Forty-five percent of the examined signals violated the stationarity hypothesis. For these signals, time-varying variance and spectral density structure are identified as major sources of nonstationarity. Stationarity test results generally corroborate qualitative clinical descriptions of aspiration. However, stationarity analysis indicates that aspiration signals are highly heterogenous, a finding which poses significant challenges to the automatic detection of aspirations by accelerometry.