G. Gramegna - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by G. Gramegna
Psychosomatic Medicine, 1978
This study shows an association between thyroid gland function level and event-related slow brain... more This study shows an association between thyroid gland function level and event-related slow brain potential (ERSP) parameters (peak amplitude and area under the curve), obtained during "classical" and "operant" reaction-time paradigms. A significant positive correlation between ERSP parameters and 24-hr I131 uptake and a negative nonsignificant one between them and ankle jerk reflex were found. Organismic factors related to thyroid function had greater influence upon ERSP amplitude and area than situational ones, for no significant effect of task was evidenced and no interaction between them was found under the conditions employed. Hyper- and hypothyroids showed also a tendency to present longer reaction times than euthyroids. These results are discussed within the framework of the arousal-distraction coupling hypothesis as proposed by Tecce and Cole (1976) and compared to those previously obtained in high-neuroticism anxiety-prone indivuduals. Although these and hyperthyroids do show indications of similar behavioral manifestations (excessive reactive arousal), both groups are considered to differ regarding empirical referennts of anticipatory arousal (ERSP parameters). A major difference seems to be the absence of a "ceiling effect" in hyperthyroids. This hypothetical phenomenon can be expected on the basis of the inverted U-shaped relation between ERSP amplitude and arousal level. A stronger "distraction" effect associated with increased arousal in anxiety neurotics is postulated and tentatively attributed to covert verbalizations of worry and feelings added to increased awareness of autonomic input. The contention is advanced that similar behavioral manifestations could be distinguishable at the physiological level employed and this might add further insights to diagnostic typologies (e.g., "psychosomatic" vs. "psychoneurotic" patients).
Maturitas, 2000
Objecti6e: To assess the impact of menopause and some sociodemographic variables on quality of li... more Objecti6e: To assess the impact of menopause and some sociodemographic variables on quality of life (QoL). Materials and methods: Four hundred and eighty-one women aged 40-59 years attending the Southern Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago de Chile were studied using the Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire for Menopause from Toronto University. Results: Univariate analysis showed that menopausal women have worse QoL scores than women conserving cycles in the four areas of the questionnaire: They show a 10.6-fold higher risk for suffering vasomotor disorders affecting QoL, a 3.5-fold higher risk for psychosocial impairment, a 5.7-fold higher risk for physical disorders, and a 3.2-fold higher risk for sexual disorders (PB0.0001). Regarding the influence of social markers (age, marital status, school years, work, number of children and sexual activity), housewives were found to have higher, worse, scores than working women in all test components (vasomotor, 3.
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2003
In order to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) and related risk factors in a coh... more In order to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) and related risk factors in a cohort of middle-aged women the Laumann's test (DSM-IV) was passed to 534 healthy women between 40 and 64 years old (mean: 52.4+/-5.7) attending the Southern Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago de Chile. Of all the women, 82.8% were peri- or postmenopausal, 23% had received hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and 79.2% were sexually active. Among those who were sexually active a total of 51.3% presented SD. The prevalence of SD increased with age (from 22.2% in the 40-44-year age group to 66% in the 60-64-year age group). HRT users and healthy women presented a lower risk of SD (OR: 0.1 CI: 0.0-0.1 and OR: 0.6 CI: 0.3-0.9, respectively). The risk increased after the menopause (OR: 3.3 CI: 1.6-6.9) and with age older than 49 years (OR: 3.4 CI: 1.8-6.4), hysterectomy (OR: 3.7 CI: 1.3-10.6) and when male partners presented erectile dysfunction (OR: 3.2 CI: 1.2-8.6). In conclusion sexual dysfunction affects more than 51% of middle-aged women who are sexually active and increases with age. Ovarian function and HRT significantly influence sexual activity.
Revista médica de Chile, 1998
Sexuality has an individual connotation, is influenced by biological, environmental and cultural ... more Sexuality has an individual connotation, is influenced by biological, environmental and cultural factors and is present throughout all life. AM: To assess the sexual behavior of a group of Chilean women. A specially devised inquiry was applied to 301 women, aged 20 to 70 years old, that consulted in a medical service. Seventy seven percent of women were sexually active. These figures ranged from 80% of women aged 40-44 years old to 40% of women over 60. Sixty percent of women living together, 53.7% of single women, 65.6% of divorced women, 94.2% of married women and 100% of widows were sexually active. Women aged 25 to 29 years old had a mean of 8.4 relations per month compared with 3.3 relations among women older than 55. The frequency of sexual intercourse was higher in women living together and lower in widows. The mean age at the first intercourse was 20.6 +/- 4.5 years. Ninety three percent had experienced sexual desire and the percentage of satisfactory sexual relations does n...
Rev. chil. obstet. …, 1994
Resumo: Los beneficios de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal son ampliamente conocidos. Sin embargo... more Resumo: Los beneficios de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal son ampliamente conocidos. Sin embargo, el porcentaje de mujeres que se trata es bajo. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el nivel de conocimiento que tienen los pacientes sobre la menopausia y, los ...
Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología, 1994
The benefits of hormonal replacement therapy are widely known. In spite of this, the proportion o... more The benefits of hormonal replacement therapy are widely known. In spite of this, the proportion of women under treatment is low. The study aims to evaluate the amount of knowledge that patients have, about menopause, and how it influences compliance with therapy. In our study, 494 women attending the outpatient's clinic of Hospital Barros Luco-Trudeau were interviewed; 93.5% considered that menopause has adverse effects upon health; 87.9% believes that it produces emotional disturbances; 55.1% bone-related and 40.9% cardiac problems. Sixty six point eight percent of the consulted women know that there is a treatment for menopause. Half of the women interviewed had consulted the physician specifically for this reason; however, only one third are or were under treatment. Obesity, hirsutism and cancer are considered to be the main secondary effects to treatment. Patients who have not received hormone therapy have a much lower degree of knowledge about menopause than the treated one...
itfsantiago.cl
Resumen Se publica el caso de una adolescente de 17 años con conductas de consumo de alcohol y dr... more Resumen Se publica el caso de una adolescente de 17 años con conductas de consumo de alcohol y drogas, con fracaso de tratamiento previo. Ingresa a terapia en NEOS donde después de un año de terapia de orientación sistémica se logra éxito sin uso de psicofármacos.
Maturitas, 2000
To assess the impact of menopause and some sociodemographic variables on quality of life (QoL). F... more To assess the impact of menopause and some sociodemographic variables on quality of life (QoL). Four hundred and eighty-one women aged 40-59 years attending the Southern Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago de Chile were studied using the Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire for Menopause from Toronto University. Univariate analysis showed that menopausal women have worse QoL scores than women conserving cycles in the four areas of the questionnaire: They show a 10.6-fold higher risk for suffering vasomotor disorders affecting QoL, a 3.5-fold higher risk for psychosocial impairment, a 5.7-fold higher risk for physical disorders, and a 3.2-fold higher risk for sexual disorders (P < 0.0001). Regarding the influence of social markers (age, marital status, school years, work, number of children and sexual activity), housewives were found to have higher, worse, scores than working women in all test components (vasomotor, 3.11+/-1.90 versus 2.57+/-1.71, P < 0.003; psychosocial, 3.44+/-1.59 versus 2.92+/-1.45, P < 0.0007; physical, 3.45+/-1.36 versus 2.96+/-1.20, P < 0.0001; sexual, 3.63+/-2.23 versus 2.49+/-1.95, P < 0.0001). However, logistic regression demonstrated that the only variable found to cause a significant impairment in QoL was menopause. Menopause causes a decrease in quality of life, which is independent from age and other sociodemographic variables.
Psychosomatic Medicine, 1978
This study shows an association between thyroid gland function level and event-related slow brain... more This study shows an association between thyroid gland function level and event-related slow brain potential (ERSP) parameters (peak amplitude and area under the curve), obtained during "classical" and "operant" reaction-time paradigms. A significant positive correlation between ERSP parameters and 24-hr I131 uptake and a negative nonsignificant one between them and ankle jerk reflex were found. Organismic factors related to thyroid function had greater influence upon ERSP amplitude and area than situational ones, for no significant effect of task was evidenced and no interaction between them was found under the conditions employed. Hyper- and hypothyroids showed also a tendency to present longer reaction times than euthyroids. These results are discussed within the framework of the arousal-distraction coupling hypothesis as proposed by Tecce and Cole (1976) and compared to those previously obtained in high-neuroticism anxiety-prone indivuduals. Although these and hyperthyroids do show indications of similar behavioral manifestations (excessive reactive arousal), both groups are considered to differ regarding empirical referennts of anticipatory arousal (ERSP parameters). A major difference seems to be the absence of a "ceiling effect" in hyperthyroids. This hypothetical phenomenon can be expected on the basis of the inverted U-shaped relation between ERSP amplitude and arousal level. A stronger "distraction" effect associated with increased arousal in anxiety neurotics is postulated and tentatively attributed to covert verbalizations of worry and feelings added to increased awareness of autonomic input. The contention is advanced that similar behavioral manifestations could be distinguishable at the physiological level employed and this might add further insights to diagnostic typologies (e.g., "psychosomatic" vs. "psychoneurotic" patients).
Maturitas, 2000
Objecti6e: To assess the impact of menopause and some sociodemographic variables on quality of li... more Objecti6e: To assess the impact of menopause and some sociodemographic variables on quality of life (QoL). Materials and methods: Four hundred and eighty-one women aged 40-59 years attending the Southern Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago de Chile were studied using the Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire for Menopause from Toronto University. Results: Univariate analysis showed that menopausal women have worse QoL scores than women conserving cycles in the four areas of the questionnaire: They show a 10.6-fold higher risk for suffering vasomotor disorders affecting QoL, a 3.5-fold higher risk for psychosocial impairment, a 5.7-fold higher risk for physical disorders, and a 3.2-fold higher risk for sexual disorders (PB0.0001). Regarding the influence of social markers (age, marital status, school years, work, number of children and sexual activity), housewives were found to have higher, worse, scores than working women in all test components (vasomotor, 3.
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2003
In order to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) and related risk factors in a coh... more In order to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) and related risk factors in a cohort of middle-aged women the Laumann's test (DSM-IV) was passed to 534 healthy women between 40 and 64 years old (mean: 52.4+/-5.7) attending the Southern Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago de Chile. Of all the women, 82.8% were peri- or postmenopausal, 23% had received hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and 79.2% were sexually active. Among those who were sexually active a total of 51.3% presented SD. The prevalence of SD increased with age (from 22.2% in the 40-44-year age group to 66% in the 60-64-year age group). HRT users and healthy women presented a lower risk of SD (OR: 0.1 CI: 0.0-0.1 and OR: 0.6 CI: 0.3-0.9, respectively). The risk increased after the menopause (OR: 3.3 CI: 1.6-6.9) and with age older than 49 years (OR: 3.4 CI: 1.8-6.4), hysterectomy (OR: 3.7 CI: 1.3-10.6) and when male partners presented erectile dysfunction (OR: 3.2 CI: 1.2-8.6). In conclusion sexual dysfunction affects more than 51% of middle-aged women who are sexually active and increases with age. Ovarian function and HRT significantly influence sexual activity.
Revista médica de Chile, 1998
Sexuality has an individual connotation, is influenced by biological, environmental and cultural ... more Sexuality has an individual connotation, is influenced by biological, environmental and cultural factors and is present throughout all life. AM: To assess the sexual behavior of a group of Chilean women. A specially devised inquiry was applied to 301 women, aged 20 to 70 years old, that consulted in a medical service. Seventy seven percent of women were sexually active. These figures ranged from 80% of women aged 40-44 years old to 40% of women over 60. Sixty percent of women living together, 53.7% of single women, 65.6% of divorced women, 94.2% of married women and 100% of widows were sexually active. Women aged 25 to 29 years old had a mean of 8.4 relations per month compared with 3.3 relations among women older than 55. The frequency of sexual intercourse was higher in women living together and lower in widows. The mean age at the first intercourse was 20.6 +/- 4.5 years. Ninety three percent had experienced sexual desire and the percentage of satisfactory sexual relations does n...
Rev. chil. obstet. …, 1994
Resumo: Los beneficios de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal son ampliamente conocidos. Sin embargo... more Resumo: Los beneficios de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal son ampliamente conocidos. Sin embargo, el porcentaje de mujeres que se trata es bajo. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el nivel de conocimiento que tienen los pacientes sobre la menopausia y, los ...
Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología, 1994
The benefits of hormonal replacement therapy are widely known. In spite of this, the proportion o... more The benefits of hormonal replacement therapy are widely known. In spite of this, the proportion of women under treatment is low. The study aims to evaluate the amount of knowledge that patients have, about menopause, and how it influences compliance with therapy. In our study, 494 women attending the outpatient's clinic of Hospital Barros Luco-Trudeau were interviewed; 93.5% considered that menopause has adverse effects upon health; 87.9% believes that it produces emotional disturbances; 55.1% bone-related and 40.9% cardiac problems. Sixty six point eight percent of the consulted women know that there is a treatment for menopause. Half of the women interviewed had consulted the physician specifically for this reason; however, only one third are or were under treatment. Obesity, hirsutism and cancer are considered to be the main secondary effects to treatment. Patients who have not received hormone therapy have a much lower degree of knowledge about menopause than the treated one...
itfsantiago.cl
Resumen Se publica el caso de una adolescente de 17 años con conductas de consumo de alcohol y dr... more Resumen Se publica el caso de una adolescente de 17 años con conductas de consumo de alcohol y drogas, con fracaso de tratamiento previo. Ingresa a terapia en NEOS donde después de un año de terapia de orientación sistémica se logra éxito sin uso de psicofármacos.
Maturitas, 2000
To assess the impact of menopause and some sociodemographic variables on quality of life (QoL). F... more To assess the impact of menopause and some sociodemographic variables on quality of life (QoL). Four hundred and eighty-one women aged 40-59 years attending the Southern Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago de Chile were studied using the Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire for Menopause from Toronto University. Univariate analysis showed that menopausal women have worse QoL scores than women conserving cycles in the four areas of the questionnaire: They show a 10.6-fold higher risk for suffering vasomotor disorders affecting QoL, a 3.5-fold higher risk for psychosocial impairment, a 5.7-fold higher risk for physical disorders, and a 3.2-fold higher risk for sexual disorders (P < 0.0001). Regarding the influence of social markers (age, marital status, school years, work, number of children and sexual activity), housewives were found to have higher, worse, scores than working women in all test components (vasomotor, 3.11+/-1.90 versus 2.57+/-1.71, P < 0.003; psychosocial, 3.44+/-1.59 versus 2.92+/-1.45, P < 0.0007; physical, 3.45+/-1.36 versus 2.96+/-1.20, P < 0.0001; sexual, 3.63+/-2.23 versus 2.49+/-1.95, P < 0.0001). However, logistic regression demonstrated that the only variable found to cause a significant impairment in QoL was menopause. Menopause causes a decrease in quality of life, which is independent from age and other sociodemographic variables.