G. Kox - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by G. Kox
European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2004
European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2006
Small Ruminant Research, 1996
Two important North European sheep breeds (the purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) bre... more Two important North European sheep breeds (the purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed) were double reciprocally crossed to develop a highly fertile ewe genotype (SM × MS or F2, called the K.U. Lovenaar), which was finally crossed with Texel sires to improve carcass and slaughter characteristics of the final slaughter lamb genotype: F3 or T × F2. Birth
Small Ruminant Research, 1995
Purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed were double-r~iprocally crossed to develop a... more Purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed were double-r~iprocally crossed to develop a highly fertile ewe genotype (SM d X MS 0 or F2, called Lovenaar), which was finally crossed with Texel sires to improve carcass and slaughter characteristics of the final slaughter lamb genotype: F3 or T d X F2 Q . Growth of Texel d X (Milksheep d X Suffolk 0 ) (T( MS) )-lambs were studied for efficiency of second reciprocal crossing, while postnatal growth performances during early postnatal life of Texel d x (FZ 8 X F2 Q ) (T(F2flx) ) lambs were tested for preservation of the superior characteristics of crossbreds when fixating the Lovenaar crossing scheme. Influence of birth weight (BW) on growth remained significant after weaning during intensive stable fattening. While lambs of yearling ewes grew slower during the suckle period, during fattening these lambs had a higher growth rate. Differences between lambs born single or as twins, triplets or quadruplets were not signi~cant during fattening. The decrease of superiority of single-suckling lambs during fattening occurred only in non-extrafed lambs on pasture, not in extra-fed lambs. In all three fattening schemes ram lambs realized a better growth than ewe lambs. Choice of fattening system had an important influence on growth rate. In early-weaned, intensively fattened lambs a postweaning depression appeared at 18 kg BW. This could not be observed in lambs on pasture, but they showed a reduction in growth from BW of 32 kg onwards. This decrease was observed earlier and more pronounced in non-extra-fed lambs on pasture (28 kg). T( MS) -lambs seemed to be better suited for fattening at pasture, while F3-lambs realized best growth during stable fattening, but with a higher intake of commercial pellet feed. Extra-fed F3-and T(F2fix)-Iambs on pasture realized comparable growth to purebred Texel lambs. There were no differences in growth rate between FZ-and F2fix-lambs, nor between F3-and T(F2fix)-lambs during fattening on pasture. According to the selected Texel sire, growth buoyance of F3-lambs was significantly different. F3-lambs born in spring, had a higher growth rate during fattening in comparison to lambs born in autumn. After correction for significant environmental influences, lambs of different genotypes had different genetic growth potentials under different fattening conditions.
Small Ruminant Research, 1996
North European sheep breeds (the purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed) were doubl... more North European sheep breeds (the purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed) were double reciprocally crossed to develop a highly fertile ewe genotype (SM X MS or F2, called the K.U. Lovenaar), which was finally crossed with Tcxcl sires to improve carcass and slaughter characteristics of the final slaughter lamb genotype: F3 or TX F2. Birth weight, birth date, litter size, number of suckling lambs, age of ewe and sex of lambs had a significant influence on early postnatal growth rate (P < 0.00 I ). The significantly positive influence of birth weight on earliest postnatal growth rate diminished with increasing age of lambs. Age of ewes affected increases of lamb weights by having an important effect on birth weight. Lambs of l-year-old ewes were characterized by a significantly lower birth weight and postnatal growth rate compared with lambs of multiparcous ewes. A negative effect of litter size was observed on birth weight and on early postnatal growth results until 10 kg. Ram lambs had a higher birth weight and realized better growth until 16 kg. compared with results of ewe lambs. Significant effects of date of birth were also observed. Without correction for significant effects, variation in postnatal growth Late was about 30%. Growth rate of final slaughter lamb genotypes F3, T(MS) and T(F2fix) were significantly different. F3 and T( MS) lambs realized a significantly lower growth rate at 16 kg than T(F2fix) lambs (respectively, 324, 302 and 359 g day ' ) However, the number of days needed to reach 16 kg was significantly higher for T( F2fix) lambs due to the low growth performance from 6 to 10 kg. F2 lambs had the highest growth rate of 370 g day-', while F2fix lambs realized the lowest postnatal growth: 283 g day-'. Variation in postnatal growth rates decreased after correction for the significant effects. Early postnatal growth performance of slaughter lamb genotypes T(MS), F3 and T(F2fix) wcrc comparable (about 320 g day-' at 16 kg), but were still significantly lower than the excellent growth rate of F2 lambs (404 g day -'). They did not differ in growth data from MS and F2fix lambs. For selection on early postnatal growth one has to take into account maternal and environmental influences.
European Surgical Research, 2005
developed to formulate the ideal size of the prosthesis. Specifi c measurements were used to defi... more developed to formulate the ideal size of the prosthesis. Specifi c measurements were used to defi ne the maximal size of the meshes, so as to place them without stapling, and without inducing neurovascular complications. Results: The designed physical formula defi nes the size of the mesh as a function of the maximum intra-abdominal pressure, the size of the abdominal wall defect and the abdominal wall tension. Conclusion: On mathematical and physical grounds our study points out that the size of the currently used prosthetic mesh (10 ! 15 cm) is large enough to be placed without stapling so that with proper placement no recurrences should occur.
European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2006
European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2004
European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2004
European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2006
Small Ruminant Research, 1996
Two important North European sheep breeds (the purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) bre... more Two important North European sheep breeds (the purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed) were double reciprocally crossed to develop a highly fertile ewe genotype (SM × MS or F2, called the K.U. Lovenaar), which was finally crossed with Texel sires to improve carcass and slaughter characteristics of the final slaughter lamb genotype: F3 or T × F2. Birth
Small Ruminant Research, 1995
Purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed were double-r~iprocally crossed to develop a... more Purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed were double-r~iprocally crossed to develop a highly fertile ewe genotype (SM d X MS 0 or F2, called Lovenaar), which was finally crossed with Texel sires to improve carcass and slaughter characteristics of the final slaughter lamb genotype: F3 or T d X F2 Q . Growth of Texel d X (Milksheep d X Suffolk 0 ) (T( MS) )-lambs were studied for efficiency of second reciprocal crossing, while postnatal growth performances during early postnatal life of Texel d x (FZ 8 X F2 Q ) (T(F2flx) ) lambs were tested for preservation of the superior characteristics of crossbreds when fixating the Lovenaar crossing scheme. Influence of birth weight (BW) on growth remained significant after weaning during intensive stable fattening. While lambs of yearling ewes grew slower during the suckle period, during fattening these lambs had a higher growth rate. Differences between lambs born single or as twins, triplets or quadruplets were not signi~cant during fattening. The decrease of superiority of single-suckling lambs during fattening occurred only in non-extrafed lambs on pasture, not in extra-fed lambs. In all three fattening schemes ram lambs realized a better growth than ewe lambs. Choice of fattening system had an important influence on growth rate. In early-weaned, intensively fattened lambs a postweaning depression appeared at 18 kg BW. This could not be observed in lambs on pasture, but they showed a reduction in growth from BW of 32 kg onwards. This decrease was observed earlier and more pronounced in non-extra-fed lambs on pasture (28 kg). T( MS) -lambs seemed to be better suited for fattening at pasture, while F3-lambs realized best growth during stable fattening, but with a higher intake of commercial pellet feed. Extra-fed F3-and T(F2fix)-Iambs on pasture realized comparable growth to purebred Texel lambs. There were no differences in growth rate between FZ-and F2fix-lambs, nor between F3-and T(F2fix)-lambs during fattening on pasture. According to the selected Texel sire, growth buoyance of F3-lambs was significantly different. F3-lambs born in spring, had a higher growth rate during fattening in comparison to lambs born in autumn. After correction for significant environmental influences, lambs of different genotypes had different genetic growth potentials under different fattening conditions.
Small Ruminant Research, 1996
North European sheep breeds (the purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed) were doubl... more North European sheep breeds (the purebred Flemish Milksheep (M) and Suffolk (S) breed) were double reciprocally crossed to develop a highly fertile ewe genotype (SM X MS or F2, called the K.U. Lovenaar), which was finally crossed with Tcxcl sires to improve carcass and slaughter characteristics of the final slaughter lamb genotype: F3 or TX F2. Birth weight, birth date, litter size, number of suckling lambs, age of ewe and sex of lambs had a significant influence on early postnatal growth rate (P < 0.00 I ). The significantly positive influence of birth weight on earliest postnatal growth rate diminished with increasing age of lambs. Age of ewes affected increases of lamb weights by having an important effect on birth weight. Lambs of l-year-old ewes were characterized by a significantly lower birth weight and postnatal growth rate compared with lambs of multiparcous ewes. A negative effect of litter size was observed on birth weight and on early postnatal growth results until 10 kg. Ram lambs had a higher birth weight and realized better growth until 16 kg. compared with results of ewe lambs. Significant effects of date of birth were also observed. Without correction for significant effects, variation in postnatal growth Late was about 30%. Growth rate of final slaughter lamb genotypes F3, T(MS) and T(F2fix) were significantly different. F3 and T( MS) lambs realized a significantly lower growth rate at 16 kg than T(F2fix) lambs (respectively, 324, 302 and 359 g day ' ) However, the number of days needed to reach 16 kg was significantly higher for T( F2fix) lambs due to the low growth performance from 6 to 10 kg. F2 lambs had the highest growth rate of 370 g day-', while F2fix lambs realized the lowest postnatal growth: 283 g day-'. Variation in postnatal growth rates decreased after correction for the significant effects. Early postnatal growth performance of slaughter lamb genotypes T(MS), F3 and T(F2fix) wcrc comparable (about 320 g day-' at 16 kg), but were still significantly lower than the excellent growth rate of F2 lambs (404 g day -'). They did not differ in growth data from MS and F2fix lambs. For selection on early postnatal growth one has to take into account maternal and environmental influences.
European Surgical Research, 2005
developed to formulate the ideal size of the prosthesis. Specifi c measurements were used to defi... more developed to formulate the ideal size of the prosthesis. Specifi c measurements were used to defi ne the maximal size of the meshes, so as to place them without stapling, and without inducing neurovascular complications. Results: The designed physical formula defi nes the size of the mesh as a function of the maximum intra-abdominal pressure, the size of the abdominal wall defect and the abdominal wall tension. Conclusion: On mathematical and physical grounds our study points out that the size of the currently used prosthetic mesh (10 ! 15 cm) is large enough to be placed without stapling so that with proper placement no recurrences should occur.
European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2006
European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2004