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Papers by Gabriela Kaliská
PubMed, Aug 1, 1996
The authors present an insight into the role of the nervous system in relation to the risk of sud... more The authors present an insight into the role of the nervous system in relation to the risk of sudden cardiac death. They present the basic diagnostic possibilities provided by examination of the autonomous nervous system, namely heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity. Reduced heart rate variability and the depression of baroreflex sensitivity represent independent risk markers of sudden heart death. Their role in complex risk stratification of patients endangered by sudden cardiac death especially after myocardial infarction and with congestive heart failure. (Fig. 5, Tab. 2, Ref. 24.)
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 2018
Europace, Oct 11, 2010
The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has revolutionized the treatment of patients at ... more The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has revolutionized the treatment of patients at risk of sudden cardiac death due to ventricular arrhythmias. Repeated studies have shown them to increase overall survival rates in patients with congestive heart failure or previous myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction. We present a rare case of out-of-hospital ICD heat dissipation due to rapid battery discharge preceded by an audible popping noise.
PubMed, Mar 1, 1996
Patients with the Romano-Ward long QT interval syndrome run a high risk of sudden cardiac death. ... more Patients with the Romano-Ward long QT interval syndrome run a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Beta-blockers of the sympathetic nerve are effective treatment. Some patients die suddenly despite this treatment. The treatment of choice is a combination of beta-blockers of the sympathetic nerve and cardiostimulation. The authors describe a group of their own five patients from three families with the Romano-Ward syndrome. The course was favourable. The stimulation rate needed for normalization of the QT interval and a favourable clinical development was 78 +/- 6 imp./min. Based on data in the literature and their own experience the authors recommended combined treatment with beta-blockers and cardiostimulation in patients with the Romano-Ward syndrome, if monotherapy with beta-blockers is not effective.
European Heart Journal, Aug 1, 2018
Proarytmie typu torsades de pointes (TdP) su potencionalne letalnym nežiaducim ucinkom kardiovask... more Proarytmie typu torsades de pointes (TdP) su potencionalne letalnym nežiaducim ucinkom kardiovaskularnych nekardiovaskularnych liekov. Mechanizmus ich vzniku je blokada ionových kanalov IKr, sprievodným znakom je predĺženie repolarizacie, disperzia repolarizacie a predĺženie intervalov Q-T na elektrokardiograme. V clanku sa rozoberaju zakladne elektrofyziologicke mechanizmy TdP, rizika ich vzniku, vzťahy ku farmakokinetike liekov. Uvadzaju sa najcastejsie predpisovane liekove skupiny s vysokým proarytmickým potencialom. Rozoberaju sa možnosti prevencie.
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2021
BackgroundIn contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data reg... more BackgroundIn contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes in contemporary cohorts of patients with chronic coronary syndromes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic impact of diabetes according to geographical regions and ethnicity.Methods and resultsCLARIFY is an observational registry of patients with chronic coronary syndromes, enrolled across 45 countries in Europe, Asia, America, Middle East, Australia, and Africa in 2009–2010, and followed up yearly for 5 years. Chronic coronary syndromes were defined by ≥1 of the following criteria: prior myocardial infarction, evidence of coronary stenosis >50%, proven symptomatic myocardial ischaemia, or prior revascularization procedure.Among 32 694 patients, 9502 (29%) had diabetes, with a regional prevalence ranging from below 20% in Northern Europe to ∼60% in the Gulf countries. In a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportion...
EP Europace, 2021
Aim The association of standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) markers with benefits of the prim... more Aim The association of standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) markers with benefits of the primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has not been determined in the contemporary era. We analysed traditional and novel ECG variables in a large prospective, controlled primary prophylactic ICD population to assess the predictive value of ECG in terms of ICD benefit. Methods and results Electrocardiograms from 1477 ICD patients and 700 control patients (EU-CERT-ICD; non-randomized, controlled, prospective multicentre study; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02064192), who met ICD implantation criteria but did not receive the device, were analysed. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. In ICD patients, the co-primary outcome of first appropriate shock was used. Mean follow-up time was 2.4 ± 1.1 years to death and 2.3 ± 1.2 years to the first appropriate shock. Pathological Q waves were associated with decreased mortality in ICD patients [hazard ratio (HR) 0...
Journal of Electrocardiology, 2019
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 1999
Risk stratification of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death after myoc... more Risk stratification of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction is essentially important for high risk patients identification, who require specific therapeutic procedures. Non-invasive risk markers--LVEF, late potentials LP, Q-T dispersion, decreased heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS)--and ventricular tachycardia inducibility have low positive predictive value. The appropriate combination and consecutiveness which will provide most precise identification of patients threatened by sudden arrhythmic death, applicable to all patients after myocardial infarction, is being analysed. In a group of 87 patients after myocardial infarction suffering from ventricular tachycardia retrospective assessment of sudden cardiac death risk markers incidence was performed. 1. The most frequent risk marker was LVEF 0.40 (48.3%), abnormal LP (84.9%), DQT 80 ms and decreased HRV (73.1%) and their combinations. 2. Patients with...
Vnitr̆ní lékar̆ství, 1999
The optimal therapeutic procedure for prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) after myocardial i... more The optimal therapeutic procedure for prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) after myocardial infarction involves identification of the patients with a high risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias using non-invasive risk markers, invasive electrophysiological evaluation of high risk patients, selection of treatment (ICD, RFTA, antiarrhythmics) and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment. The objective of this work is retrospective evaluation of the incidence of risk markers of sudden cardiac death and the importance of programmed ventricular stimulation for the prognosis of patients with malignant ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction. 1. Retrospective analysis of 87 patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) after myocardial infarction confirmed a high incidence of non-invasive risk markers. 2. For the long-term course a combination of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 0.40 + reduced heart rate variability (HRV) and abnormal ventricular poten...
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 1997
The authors present a retrospective evaluation of the risk stratification and therapy of 53 patie... more The authors present a retrospective evaluation of the risk stratification and therapy of 53 patients with ventricular tachycardia. They present the diagnostical algorithm used for the detection of risk of sudden death. The most frequently used drug in the set of patients was amiodarone in monotherapy or in combination with other drugs. Sotalol was used for both, its antiarrhythmic nature, and for its ability to reduce the defibrillation threshold in patients with an implanted automatic implantable cardiovertor-defibrillator (AICD). Antiarrhythmic drugs of class I in monotherapy were used in patients with non-coronary causes of ventricular tachycardia and with normal left ventricular function. The authors, on the basis of sudden death of three patients with low ejection fraction of the left ventricle which were recorded even despite Holter apparatus and electophysiologically confirmed supression of ventricular tachycardia, recommend to consider in this group of patients the primary A...
Bratislavské lekárske listy
Non-homogenity of ventricular myocardial repolarization is a substrate for the reentry mechanism ... more Non-homogenity of ventricular myocardial repolarization is a substrate for the reentry mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias. It is manifestant by dispersion of Q-T and Q-Tc intervals on the standard ECG curve. The authors studied the possibility of using the dispersity of Q-T and Q-Tc intervals in clinical practice. They evaluated the dispersion of these intervals within the set of 21 patients after myocardial infarction with sustained ventricular tachycardia, and compared it with the dispersion within the control set of 17 patients after myocardial infarction without an arrhythmic episode. By means of comparison, they have discovered that: 1) the dispersion of Q-T and Q-Tc intervals is significantly higher in patients with ventricular tachycardia: Q-T (mean +/- SE) 82.8 +/- 7.8 msec vs 42.2 +/- 4.8 msec, Q-Tc 93.0 +/- 10.2 msec vs 47.1 +/- 4.8 msec, p > 0.001, 2) the dispersion of Q-Tc when higher than 60 msec is an optimum discrimination value for the prognosis of sudden arrhyt...
Vnitr̆ní lékar̆ství, 1995
The authors examined 29 patients with the syndrome of microvascular angina pectoris. In 12 patien... more The authors examined 29 patients with the syndrome of microvascular angina pectoris. In 12 patients (41.4%) they recorded hyperinsulinaemia as a manifestation of insulin resistance. The body weight, HDL cholesterol level, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides did not differ significantly in the two groups and were at the upper borderline of the range of reference values. The authors analyze mechanisms common to the pathophysiology of the syndrome of microvascular angina pectoris and the syndrome of insulin resistance.
PubMed, Aug 1, 1996
The authors present an insight into the role of the nervous system in relation to the risk of sud... more The authors present an insight into the role of the nervous system in relation to the risk of sudden cardiac death. They present the basic diagnostic possibilities provided by examination of the autonomous nervous system, namely heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity. Reduced heart rate variability and the depression of baroreflex sensitivity represent independent risk markers of sudden heart death. Their role in complex risk stratification of patients endangered by sudden cardiac death especially after myocardial infarction and with congestive heart failure. (Fig. 5, Tab. 2, Ref. 24.)
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 2018
Europace, Oct 11, 2010
The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has revolutionized the treatment of patients at ... more The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has revolutionized the treatment of patients at risk of sudden cardiac death due to ventricular arrhythmias. Repeated studies have shown them to increase overall survival rates in patients with congestive heart failure or previous myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction. We present a rare case of out-of-hospital ICD heat dissipation due to rapid battery discharge preceded by an audible popping noise.
PubMed, Mar 1, 1996
Patients with the Romano-Ward long QT interval syndrome run a high risk of sudden cardiac death. ... more Patients with the Romano-Ward long QT interval syndrome run a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Beta-blockers of the sympathetic nerve are effective treatment. Some patients die suddenly despite this treatment. The treatment of choice is a combination of beta-blockers of the sympathetic nerve and cardiostimulation. The authors describe a group of their own five patients from three families with the Romano-Ward syndrome. The course was favourable. The stimulation rate needed for normalization of the QT interval and a favourable clinical development was 78 +/- 6 imp./min. Based on data in the literature and their own experience the authors recommended combined treatment with beta-blockers and cardiostimulation in patients with the Romano-Ward syndrome, if monotherapy with beta-blockers is not effective.
European Heart Journal, Aug 1, 2018
Proarytmie typu torsades de pointes (TdP) su potencionalne letalnym nežiaducim ucinkom kardiovask... more Proarytmie typu torsades de pointes (TdP) su potencionalne letalnym nežiaducim ucinkom kardiovaskularnych nekardiovaskularnych liekov. Mechanizmus ich vzniku je blokada ionových kanalov IKr, sprievodným znakom je predĺženie repolarizacie, disperzia repolarizacie a predĺženie intervalov Q-T na elektrokardiograme. V clanku sa rozoberaju zakladne elektrofyziologicke mechanizmy TdP, rizika ich vzniku, vzťahy ku farmakokinetike liekov. Uvadzaju sa najcastejsie predpisovane liekove skupiny s vysokým proarytmickým potencialom. Rozoberaju sa možnosti prevencie.
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2021
BackgroundIn contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data reg... more BackgroundIn contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes in contemporary cohorts of patients with chronic coronary syndromes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic impact of diabetes according to geographical regions and ethnicity.Methods and resultsCLARIFY is an observational registry of patients with chronic coronary syndromes, enrolled across 45 countries in Europe, Asia, America, Middle East, Australia, and Africa in 2009–2010, and followed up yearly for 5 years. Chronic coronary syndromes were defined by ≥1 of the following criteria: prior myocardial infarction, evidence of coronary stenosis >50%, proven symptomatic myocardial ischaemia, or prior revascularization procedure.Among 32 694 patients, 9502 (29%) had diabetes, with a regional prevalence ranging from below 20% in Northern Europe to ∼60% in the Gulf countries. In a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportion...
EP Europace, 2021
Aim The association of standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) markers with benefits of the prim... more Aim The association of standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) markers with benefits of the primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has not been determined in the contemporary era. We analysed traditional and novel ECG variables in a large prospective, controlled primary prophylactic ICD population to assess the predictive value of ECG in terms of ICD benefit. Methods and results Electrocardiograms from 1477 ICD patients and 700 control patients (EU-CERT-ICD; non-randomized, controlled, prospective multicentre study; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02064192), who met ICD implantation criteria but did not receive the device, were analysed. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. In ICD patients, the co-primary outcome of first appropriate shock was used. Mean follow-up time was 2.4 ± 1.1 years to death and 2.3 ± 1.2 years to the first appropriate shock. Pathological Q waves were associated with decreased mortality in ICD patients [hazard ratio (HR) 0...
Journal of Electrocardiology, 2019
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 1999
Risk stratification of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death after myoc... more Risk stratification of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction is essentially important for high risk patients identification, who require specific therapeutic procedures. Non-invasive risk markers--LVEF, late potentials LP, Q-T dispersion, decreased heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS)--and ventricular tachycardia inducibility have low positive predictive value. The appropriate combination and consecutiveness which will provide most precise identification of patients threatened by sudden arrhythmic death, applicable to all patients after myocardial infarction, is being analysed. In a group of 87 patients after myocardial infarction suffering from ventricular tachycardia retrospective assessment of sudden cardiac death risk markers incidence was performed. 1. The most frequent risk marker was LVEF 0.40 (48.3%), abnormal LP (84.9%), DQT 80 ms and decreased HRV (73.1%) and their combinations. 2. Patients with...
Vnitr̆ní lékar̆ství, 1999
The optimal therapeutic procedure for prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) after myocardial i... more The optimal therapeutic procedure for prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) after myocardial infarction involves identification of the patients with a high risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias using non-invasive risk markers, invasive electrophysiological evaluation of high risk patients, selection of treatment (ICD, RFTA, antiarrhythmics) and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment. The objective of this work is retrospective evaluation of the incidence of risk markers of sudden cardiac death and the importance of programmed ventricular stimulation for the prognosis of patients with malignant ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction. 1. Retrospective analysis of 87 patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) after myocardial infarction confirmed a high incidence of non-invasive risk markers. 2. For the long-term course a combination of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 0.40 + reduced heart rate variability (HRV) and abnormal ventricular poten...
Bratislavské lekárske listy, 1997
The authors present a retrospective evaluation of the risk stratification and therapy of 53 patie... more The authors present a retrospective evaluation of the risk stratification and therapy of 53 patients with ventricular tachycardia. They present the diagnostical algorithm used for the detection of risk of sudden death. The most frequently used drug in the set of patients was amiodarone in monotherapy or in combination with other drugs. Sotalol was used for both, its antiarrhythmic nature, and for its ability to reduce the defibrillation threshold in patients with an implanted automatic implantable cardiovertor-defibrillator (AICD). Antiarrhythmic drugs of class I in monotherapy were used in patients with non-coronary causes of ventricular tachycardia and with normal left ventricular function. The authors, on the basis of sudden death of three patients with low ejection fraction of the left ventricle which were recorded even despite Holter apparatus and electophysiologically confirmed supression of ventricular tachycardia, recommend to consider in this group of patients the primary A...
Bratislavské lekárske listy
Non-homogenity of ventricular myocardial repolarization is a substrate for the reentry mechanism ... more Non-homogenity of ventricular myocardial repolarization is a substrate for the reentry mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias. It is manifestant by dispersion of Q-T and Q-Tc intervals on the standard ECG curve. The authors studied the possibility of using the dispersity of Q-T and Q-Tc intervals in clinical practice. They evaluated the dispersion of these intervals within the set of 21 patients after myocardial infarction with sustained ventricular tachycardia, and compared it with the dispersion within the control set of 17 patients after myocardial infarction without an arrhythmic episode. By means of comparison, they have discovered that: 1) the dispersion of Q-T and Q-Tc intervals is significantly higher in patients with ventricular tachycardia: Q-T (mean +/- SE) 82.8 +/- 7.8 msec vs 42.2 +/- 4.8 msec, Q-Tc 93.0 +/- 10.2 msec vs 47.1 +/- 4.8 msec, p > 0.001, 2) the dispersion of Q-Tc when higher than 60 msec is an optimum discrimination value for the prognosis of sudden arrhyt...
Vnitr̆ní lékar̆ství, 1995
The authors examined 29 patients with the syndrome of microvascular angina pectoris. In 12 patien... more The authors examined 29 patients with the syndrome of microvascular angina pectoris. In 12 patients (41.4%) they recorded hyperinsulinaemia as a manifestation of insulin resistance. The body weight, HDL cholesterol level, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides did not differ significantly in the two groups and were at the upper borderline of the range of reference values. The authors analyze mechanisms common to the pathophysiology of the syndrome of microvascular angina pectoris and the syndrome of insulin resistance.