Gabriele Forte - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Gabriele Forte

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Feb 3, 2018

Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Jan 3, 2018

The association between tuberculosis (TB) and malnutrition is well recognized. Considering the ri... more The association between tuberculosis (TB) and malnutrition is well recognized. Considering the risk of mortality due to malnutrition in patients with TB, it is necessary to conduct a thorough nutrition assessment to identify individuals at nutrition risk. The study objective was to assess the nutrition status of hospitalized patients with TB, co-infected or not by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Patients with confirmed diagnosis of TB were included using a cross-sectional design. Nutrition assessment parameters included: body mass index (BMI), triceps skin-fold thickness (TSF), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC), food frequency questionnaire, Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and serum levels of hemoglobin. A total 108 patients completed the study. Forty-four patients (40.7%) were HIV positive. Considering the BMI, 36.1% of the patients met the criteria for nutrition...

Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 2008

Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia, Jul 31, 2017

Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Jul 30, 2018

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Jun 12, 2017

Introduction: Obesity in asthmatic patients has important relationships with asthma control, pulm... more Introduction: Obesity in asthmatic patients has important relationships with asthma control, pulmonary function, and quality of life. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the effect of diet on asthma management in adults. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus (January 1948-October 2014) for randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of diet in adults with asthma. Results: Of 12,215 studies identified, 21 were included. A reduction in weight of at least 7.5% from baseline as a result of caloric restriction can be beneficial for improving disease control, quality of life, and pulmonary function in obese patients with asthma. A dietary pattern rich in foods with potential antioxidant effect had an impact in improving asthma control, but with little clinical significance. Studies involving antioxidant supplementation showed improvements in asthma control with magnesium supplementation and less decline in lung function with vitamin C supplementation. Studies of fatty acid supplementation demonstrated effects on weight loss and improvement of asthma control and lung function. Studies of supplementation with propolis and caffeine reported significant increases in FEV1. Conversely, studies of high dietary salt intake reported greater declines in lung function. Conclusions: The evidence shows that, for obese adults with asthma, the best dietary intervention seems to be caloric restriction, regardless of specific dietary components.

Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia, Jun 25, 2018

Objective: To evaluate health-related quality of life in asthma patients treated at a referral ce... more Objective: To evaluate health-related quality of life in asthma patients treated at a referral center in southern Brazil, identifying differences between male and female patients, as well as to evaluate differences between the males and females in terms of asthma control, lung function, and nutritional status. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving patients ≥ 18 years of age treated at an asthma outpatient clinic. We evaluated clinical parameters, lung function, nutritional status, and quality of life. Results: A total of 198 patients completed the study. The mean age was 56.2 ± 14.8 years, and 81.8% were female. The proportion of patients with uncontrolled asthma was higher among females than among males (63.0% vs. 44.4%; p = 0.041). The body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat were higher in females than in males (30.2 ± 5.8 kg/m 2 vs. 26.9 ± 4.5 kg/m 2 and 37.4 ± 6.4% vs. 26.5 ± 7.4%; p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively). Quality of life was lower in females than in males in the following domains: symptoms (3.8 ± 1.5 vs. 4.6 ± 1.7; p = 0.006); activity limitation (3.6 ± 1.3 vs. 4.4 ± 1.5; p = 0.001); emotional function (3.6 ± 1.9 vs. 4.5 ± 1.7; p = 0.014); and environmental stimuli (3.2 ± 1.6 vs. 4.3 ± 1.9; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Male asthma patients appear to fare better than do female asthma patients in terms of health-related quality of life, asthma control, BMI, percentage of body fat, and comorbidities.

Objective: To assess the self-reported adherence to asthma treatment in outpatients with asthma, ... more Objective: To assess the self-reported adherence to asthma treatment in outpatients with asthma, to investigate the relationship between adherence and asthma control. In addition, it aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with poor adherence. Methods: In a cross-sectional study we recruited patients aged 14 years and older with confirmed asthma diagnosis from the outpatient asthma clinic of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil. They underwent an evaluation by a general questionnaire, an asthma control questionnaire (based on Global Initiative for Asthma-GINA 2011), an adherence questionnaire and pulmonary function tests. Poor adherence was defined as the reporting of non-use or use less than 5 times in the week of devices containing inhaled corticosteroids. Results: Out of 275 patients studied, 239 (86.9%) were considered with high level of adherence and 36 (13.1%) with poor adherence. There was a significant association between asthma control and self-reported adherence to treatment (p=0.005), so that most patients with high level of adherence kept their disease under control, whereas most patients with poor adherence had uncontrolled status. Logistic regression analysis identified that age was inversely associated with poor adherence (odds ratio=0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.95-0.99, p=0.016). Conclusions: Self-reported adherence to treatment of patients attending an asthma outpatient clinic was elevated (86.9%). The poor adherence was associated with uncontrolled asthma. Younger patients were more likely to be poorly adherent with treatment.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2021

Introduction: Consumption of foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant components could contri... more Introduction: Consumption of foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant components could contribute to a better control of the asthma. The aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary patterns, nutritional status, and asthma control in patients treated at an asthma referral center in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 198 adult asthma patients. Participants completed a 24-hour food recall and a questionnaire on disease history, degree of control, and severity, as well as pulmonary and anthropometric assessments. We used exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis as an extraction method to derive the dietary patterns. Results: The mean body mass index was 29.6 (SD, 5.7) kg/m², and 41.9% were classified as obese. Regarding disease severity, 72.7% were classified as having severe persistent asthma, and concerning the degree of control, 59.6% of the patients had uncontrolled asthma. Three dietary patterns were identified: "Sugars", "Healthy", and "Fats and Alcohol". It was observed that the Fats and Alcohol pattern was significantly associated with men. However, no associations were observed between the other variables and dietary patterns. Conclusion: This was the first study to identify the dietary patterns in asthmatics in Brazil. Patterns found in the present study were "Sugars", "Healthy" and "Fats and Alcohol". However, there was no significant association between the 3 patterns and nutritional status or disease control.

Clinical & Biomedical Research

Introdução: O câncer causa alterações metabólicas e disfunções imunológicas e nutricionais signif... more Introdução: O câncer causa alterações metabólicas e disfunções imunológicas e nutricionais significativas que podem acarretar desnutrição e síndrome de anorexiacaquexia. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a associação entre a Avaliação Subjetiva Global produzida pelo paciente e os desfechos clínicos e nutricionais. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, com coletas de dados retrospectivos, de pacientes atendidos em Ambulatório de Nutrição e Oncologia de um hospital público no Rio Grande do Sul, entre Janeiro de 2018 a Janeiro de 2020. Foram incluídos adultos com diagnóstico de câncer hematológico ou tumor sólido. Os dados demográficos e clínicos foram coletados a partir de prontuário eletrônico e os dados nutricionais e sintomas coletados através da ficha de anamnese. A relação entre variáveis categóricas foi avaliada pelos testes do qui-quadrado ou exato de Fischer, e de variáveis contínuas através dos testes de Pearson ou correlação de Spearman. O nível de significância utilizado foi de 5%. Resultados: Foram avaliados 260 pacientes, sendo 51,5% do sexo feminino, a maioria de raça branca (84,2%), com idade média de 59 anos. Em relação ao diagnóstico nutricional, observou-se que 41,5% dos pacientes eram bem nutridos, 39,6% apresentavam suspeita de desnutrição ou desnutrição moderada e 18,8% eram desnutridos graves. Observou-se associação significativa entre pacientes com desnutrição (ASGPPP B e/ou C) e os seguintes desfechos: idade, óbito, tipo de câncer, em especial, esôfago, pulmão e cólon, presença de diabetes melito, tipo de tratamento clínico e via alimentar. Também foi observada associação significativa com os sintomas de disfagia, odinofagia, saciedade precoce, alteração do paladar, xerostomia e inapetência quando comparado os pacientes desnutridos com os classificados como bem nutrido. Conclusão: Observou-se associação entre os pacientes com algum grau de desnutrição e diversos sintomas que influenciam negativamente no consumo alimentar. Além disso, foi associada à localização do câncer e seu tratamento.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition in patients attending an adult cystic fibr... more Objective: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition in patients attending an adult cystic fibrosis (CF) program and to investigate the associations of malnutrition with the clinical characteristics of those patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving patients with clinically stable CF patients (16 years of age or older). The patients underwent clinical assessment, nutritional assessments, pulmonary function tests, and pancreatic function assessment. They also completed a questionnaire regarding diet compliance. On the basis of their nutritional status, the patients were classified divided into three groups: adequate nutrition; at nutritional risk; and malnutrition. Results: The study has included 73 patients (mean age, 25.6 ± 7.3 years), 40 of whom (54.8%) were female. The mean body mass index was 21.0 ± 3.0 kg/m2 and the mean FEV1 was 59.7 ± 30.6% of predicted. In this sample of patients, 32 (43.8%), 23 (31.5%), and 18 (24.7%) of the patients were allocated to ...

Cancers

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of current deep ... more We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of current deep learning algorithms for the diagnosis of lung cancer. We searched major databases up to June 2022 to include studies that used artificial intelligence to diagnose lung cancer, using the histopathological analysis of true positive cases as a reference. The quality of the included studies was assessed independently by two authors based on the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. Six studies were included in the analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.93 (95% CI 0.85–0.98) and 0.68 (95% CI 0.49–0.84), respectively. Despite the significantly high heterogeneity for sensitivity (I2 = 94%, p < 0.01) and specificity (I2 = 99%, p < 0.01), most of it was attributed to the threshold effect. The pooled SROC curve with a bivariate approach yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.92). The DOR for the studies was 26.7 (95% CI 19.7–36.2...

Clinical & Biomedical Research, 2021

Introduction: artificial food processing has been considered a major health risk factor. The obje... more Introduction: artificial food processing has been considered a major health risk factor. The objective of this study is to review the scientific literature regarding the definition of food classification related to its degree of industrial processing. Methods: narrative review. Articles published in MEDLINE (PubMed) and LILACS indexed databases and food guides available on the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) website were evaluated. The search strategy used included the following descriptors: Processed food OR Unprocessed food OR Artisanal food OR Minimally processed food OR Highly processed OR Ultra-processed food OR Industrial food processing. There was no restriction on the language used in the publications. Results: 1301 articles in the PubMed and LILACS databases and 35 on the FAO website were identified. Food classifications based on the degree of industrial processing were found in only 8 of 34 countries included in this review. Of those, only three guidelines were based on the NOVA classification, currently used in Brazil. Other countries with food classifications based on industrial processing used definitions characterized by the addition of sugars, chemical additives, fats and other substances. Furthermore, only four countries used definitions for ultraprocessed foods specifically. Conclusion: the evidence demonstrates the concept in relation to industrial processing does not present a standard definition, despite the risks already evidenced in relation to the consumption of these.

Introducao: O estado nutricional e a percepcao da imagem corporal desempenham um importante papel... more Introducao: O estado nutricional e a percepcao da imagem corporal desempenham um importante papel nos programas de vigilância nutricional. Objetivos: avaliar a relacao entre o estado nutricional e a percepcao da imagem corporal entre os trabalhadores de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Materiais e Metodos: Estudo transversal com 203 carteiros. As variaveis antropometricas avaliadas foram peso, estatura, circunferencia da cintura (CC) e do pescoco (CP). A percepcao da imagem corporal foi avaliada atraves da Silhouette Matching Task desenvolvida por Stunkard, adaptada por Mash e Roche. Resultados: Os carteiros foram recrutados entre 2011 e 2013, na cidade de Porto Alegre. A media de idade foi de 41 ± 11,3 anos, 74 (36,4%) individuos eram eutroficos, 85 (41,9%), tinham sobrepeso, e 44 (21,7%), eram obesos. Quanto a CC, 115 (76,2%) homens e 22 (42,3%) mulheres foram classificados como adequados. Ja quanto a CP, 82,8% dos homens e 65,8% das mulheres apresentaram valores acima dos recomendados. Em r...