Gabrielle Berman - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Gabrielle Berman
Innocenti discussion paper, May 15, 2020
THE UNICEF OFFICE OF RESEARCH-INNOCENTI The UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedic... more THE UNICEF OFFICE OF RESEARCH-INNOCENTI The UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on current and emerging issues in order to inform the strategic direction, policies and programmes of UNICEF and its partners, shape global debates on child rights and development, and inform the global research and policy agenda for all children, and particularly for the most vulnerable. Office of Research-Innocenti publications are contributions to a global debate on children and may not necessarily reflect UNICEF policies or approaches. This publication has not been edited to official publications standards and UNICEF accepts no responsibility for errors. The Office of Research-Innocenti receives financial support from the Government of Italy, while funding for specific projects is also provided by other governments, international institutions and private sources, including UNICEF National Committees. For further information and to download or order this and other publications, please visit the website at: www.unicef-irc.org. INNOCENTI DISCUSSION PAPERS UNICEF Innocenti Discussion Papers are signed pieces by experts and researchers on current topics in social and economic policy and the realization of children's rights. The aim is to encourage reflection and stimulate wide-ranging discussion.
Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Apr 1, 1999
This paper investigates the responsiveness of nine Australian financial markets to announcements ... more This paper investigates the responsiveness of nine Australian financial markets to announcements and revisions of balance on current account and GDP data. We find that current account announcements have a significant effect. Globally, the whole set of revisions are not significant but some individual revisions are statistically significant. When we partition announcements and revisions into good news and bad news we find that with respect to announcements only bad news about the current account has a significant impact. While the global set of revisions are not significant, an increased number of isolated revisions are significant. However, our general conclusion as to the overall lack of significance of the revisions data still holds true.
Melbourne, Vic: Victorian …, 2009
Building on our strengths: a framework to reduce race-based discrimination and support diversity ... more Building on our strengths: a framework to reduce race-based discrimination and support diversity in Victoria has been developed through a partnership between the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (VicHealth), the Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission, the McCaughey Centre: VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing and the Onemda VicHealth Koori Health Unit. The McCaughey Centre and Onemda are both in the School of Population Health at the University of Melbourne. Drawing on the best available evidence in Australia and internationally, this report outlines themes, strategies and priority settings for the development and implementation of activity to reduce race-based discrimination and support diversity.
Innocenti Discussion Papers, 2020
THE UNICEF OFFICE OF RESEARCH-INNOCENTI The UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedic... more THE UNICEF OFFICE OF RESEARCH-INNOCENTI The UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on current and emerging issues in order to inform the strategic direction, policies and programmes of UNICEF and its partners, shape global debates on child rights and development, and inform the global research and policy agenda for all children, and particularly for the most vulnerable. Office of Research-Innocenti publications are contributions to a global debate on children and may not necessarily reflect UNICEF policies or approaches. This publication has not been edited to official publications standards and UNICEF accepts no responsibility for errors. The Office of Research-Innocenti receives financial support from the Government of Italy, while funding for specific projects is also provided by other governments, international institutions and private sources, including UNICEF National Committees. For further information and to download or order this and other publications, please visit the website at: www.unicef-irc.org. INNOCENTI DISCUSSION PAPERS UNICEF Innocenti Discussion Papers are signed pieces by experts and researchers on current topics in social and economic policy and the realization of children's rights. The aim is to encourage reflection and stimulate wide-ranging discussion.
Innocenti Discussion Papers, 2018
The Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on... more The Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on emerging or current issues in order to inform the strategic directions, policies and programmes of UNICEF and its partners, shape global debates on child rights and development, and inform the global research and policy agenda for all children, and particularly for the most vulnerable. Publications produced by the Office are contributions to a global debate on children and may not necessarily reflect UNICEF policies or approaches. The views expressed are those of the authors. The Office of Research-Innocenti receives financial support from the Government of Italy, while funding for specific projects is also provided by other governments, international institutions and private sources, including UNICEF National Committees.
Innocenti Working Papers, 2017
In an era of increasing dependence on data science and big data, the voices of one set of major s... more In an era of increasing dependence on data science and big data, the voices of one set of major stakeholdersthe world's children and those who advocate on their behalfhave been largely absent. A recent paper estimates one in three global internet users is a child, yet there has been little rigorous debate or understanding of how to adapt traditional, offline ethical standards for research, involving data collection from children, to a big data, online environment (Livingstone et al., 2015). This paper argues that due to the potential for severe, long-lasting and differential impacts on children, child rights need to be firmly integrated onto the agendas of global debates about ethics and data science. The authors outline their rationale for a greater focus on child rights and ethics in data science and suggest steps to move forward, focussing on the various actors within the data chain including data generators, collectors, analysts and end users. It concludes by calling for a much stronger appreciation of the links between child rights, ethics and data science disciplines and for enhanced discourse between stakeholders in the data chain and those responsible for upholding the rights of children globally.
Agenda - A Journal of Policy Analysis and Reform, 2000
Innocenti Working Papers, 2016
LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, 2016
This Methodological Guide is specifically tailored to support ethical research practice within th... more This Methodological Guide is specifically tailored to support ethical research practice within the Global Kids Online (GKO) programme. While research on children’s use of the internet requires consideration of universal ethical principles, this type of research presents unique ethical dilemmas which reflect the diverse contexts and the nature of internet use in the varied social, political and economic environments that exist globally (Hongladarom & Ess, 2007). The paper provides (1) an overview of potential ethical issues that need to be considered when undertaking the GKO research programme, (2) a step-by-step guide, illustrated by relevant case studies, to questions and approaches to consider before or when ethical dilemmas arise throughout the research process, (3) useful references to support ethical practice in GKO, (4) a protection protocol template to assist reflection on and documentation of actions that can be taken to ensure that children and communities are protected thr...
The Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission undertook extensive regional and metr... more The Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission undertook extensive regional and metropolitan consultations with communities with culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds in 2006. It was revealed that discrimination in employment is still a significant issue for these communities. As a result, research was undertaken in 2007 by the Commission in partnership with the Victorian Multicultural Commission. This document provides a report on this research initiative. The research process included a review of the literature on racial and religious discrimination in the workplace in Australia and internationally, consultations with CALD communities in four key sites in Victoria (Shepparton, Dandenong, Footscray and Broadmeadows), and an invitation for written submissions from individuals and organisations. The report presents a number of key findings and recommendations emerging from the community consultations and the literature review.
Innocenti Research Briefs
Community engagement should occur as early as possible in the design, implementation and review o... more Community engagement should occur as early as possible in the design, implementation and review of contact-tracing and surveillance technologies. Key message 7: A strong, transparent framework of system governance that seeks to foster and maintain trust within the community is critical. It must include clearly accessible mechanisms that individuals and communities can use to identify and report concerns and incidents as they arise, and to receive feedback on the subsequent responses. Digital contact tracing and surveillance during COVID-19-General and Child-specific Ethical Issues Innocenti Working Paper 2020-01 Key message 10: Wherever possible, informed consent should be factored into the design of digital contact-tracing or surveillance systems. Where this is not possible to uphold in practice, this should be explicitly acknowledged in the design, which should be supported by strong and transparent governance and accountability mechanisms. Key message 11: Access and equity should be explicitly considered in the design and use of technologies for digital contact tracing and public health surveillance. Clear strategies for equitable public health outcomes should be in place where digital solutions are likely to disproportionately (and potentially negatively) affect marginalized communities. Individuals should not be penalized for lacking access to relevant technologies for the purposes of contact tracing or surveillance. In such instances, mixed approaches combining manual and digital contact-tracing services should be used. Key message 12: Individuals should not be compelled to upload or install relevant applications or systems unless warranted by legitimacy, necessity and proportionality tests. In the absence of robust evidence on the efficacy of applications/systems, and in the absence of their widespread adoption, these standards are currently unlikely to be met. Digital contact tracing and surveillance during COVID-19-General and Child-specific Ethical Issues Innocenti Working Paper 2020-01 Prevention of harms across the data cycle Key message 13: Data rights and protections should be upheld to the fullest extent possible. If there is any suspension or relaxation of these as a result of the introduction of digital contact-tracing or surveillance measures, such a change must be: a) clearly articulated, with justification given for the need for the change b) considered in relation to the impacts on vulnerable groups and appropriate mitigation strategies put in place c) time-bound, with the full provisions restored as soon as possible. Key message 14: Prior to any centralized collection of data for the explicit purpose of contact tracing or public health surveillance, or as soon as reasonably practicable, clear terms should be established within relevant regulations in regard to the duration of storage and timing of the destruction of the data. Such terms should be in place for manual systems and should be reviewed and adapted for any new digital/technology-based system.
Innocenti Discussion Papers
The Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on... more The Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on emerging or current issues in order to inform the strategic directions, policies and programmes of UNICEF and its partners, shape global debates on child rights and development, and inform the global research and policy agenda for all children, and particularly for the most vulnerable. Publications produced by the Office are contributions to a global debate on children and may not necessarily reflect UNICEF policies or approaches. The views expressed are those of the authors. The Office of Research-Innocenti receives financial support from the Government of Italy, while funding for specific projects is also provided by other governments, international institutions and private sources, including UNICEF National Committees.
In an era of increasing dependence on data science and big data, the voices of one set of major s... more In an era of increasing dependence on data science and big data, the voices of one set of major stakeholders – the world’s children and those who advocate on their behalf – have been largely absent. A recent paper estimates one in three global internet users is a child, yet there has been little rigorous debate or understanding of how to adapt traditional, offline ethical standards for research involving data collection from children, to a big data, online environment (Livingstone et al., 2015). This paper argues that due to the potential for severe, long-lasting and differential impacts on children, child rights need to be firmly integrated onto the agendas of global debates about ethics and data science. The authors outline their rationale for a greater focus on child rights and ethics in data science and suggest steps to move forward, focusing on the various actors within the data chain including data generators, collectors, analysts and end-users. It concludes by calling for a much stronger appreciation of the links between child rights, ethics and data science disciplines and for enhanced discourse between stakeholders in the data chain, and those responsible for upholding the rights of children, globally.
2005 Australian Universities Quality …, 2005
Proceedings of the Australian Universities Quality Forum 2005 AUQA Occasional Publication 26 PAPE... more Proceedings of the Australian Universities Quality Forum 2005 AUQA Occasional Publication 26 PAPER SESSIONS The Value of Performance Indicators in Supporting a Community Engagement Agenda at RMIT Robyn Adams, Anne Badenhorst, and Dr Gabrielle Berman RMIT ...
4Rs 2008 Be Part of the Future Proceedings of the 4rs Rights Reconciliation Respect Responsibilities 2008 Conference, 2008
Applied Economics Letters, 1998
This paper explores the nature and extent of revisions to Australian macroeconomic data. Specific... more This paper explores the nature and extent of revisions to Australian macroeconomic data. Specifically, we analyse quarterly GDP and monthly balance on current account data. We find some impact of revisions. In addition, we also find that indirect measures of data quality, such as, statistical discrepancy in the case of GDP and the balancing item in the case of the balance on current account are still large after the revisions are completed.
Acknowledgements:This paper would not have been possible without the support of the following per... more Acknowledgements:This paper would not have been possible without the support of the following persons, whose guidance, experience and input helped shape and refine its approach and content.
Innocenti discussion paper, May 15, 2020
THE UNICEF OFFICE OF RESEARCH-INNOCENTI The UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedic... more THE UNICEF OFFICE OF RESEARCH-INNOCENTI The UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on current and emerging issues in order to inform the strategic direction, policies and programmes of UNICEF and its partners, shape global debates on child rights and development, and inform the global research and policy agenda for all children, and particularly for the most vulnerable. Office of Research-Innocenti publications are contributions to a global debate on children and may not necessarily reflect UNICEF policies or approaches. This publication has not been edited to official publications standards and UNICEF accepts no responsibility for errors. The Office of Research-Innocenti receives financial support from the Government of Italy, while funding for specific projects is also provided by other governments, international institutions and private sources, including UNICEF National Committees. For further information and to download or order this and other publications, please visit the website at: www.unicef-irc.org. INNOCENTI DISCUSSION PAPERS UNICEF Innocenti Discussion Papers are signed pieces by experts and researchers on current topics in social and economic policy and the realization of children's rights. The aim is to encourage reflection and stimulate wide-ranging discussion.
Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Apr 1, 1999
This paper investigates the responsiveness of nine Australian financial markets to announcements ... more This paper investigates the responsiveness of nine Australian financial markets to announcements and revisions of balance on current account and GDP data. We find that current account announcements have a significant effect. Globally, the whole set of revisions are not significant but some individual revisions are statistically significant. When we partition announcements and revisions into good news and bad news we find that with respect to announcements only bad news about the current account has a significant impact. While the global set of revisions are not significant, an increased number of isolated revisions are significant. However, our general conclusion as to the overall lack of significance of the revisions data still holds true.
Melbourne, Vic: Victorian …, 2009
Building on our strengths: a framework to reduce race-based discrimination and support diversity ... more Building on our strengths: a framework to reduce race-based discrimination and support diversity in Victoria has been developed through a partnership between the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (VicHealth), the Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission, the McCaughey Centre: VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing and the Onemda VicHealth Koori Health Unit. The McCaughey Centre and Onemda are both in the School of Population Health at the University of Melbourne. Drawing on the best available evidence in Australia and internationally, this report outlines themes, strategies and priority settings for the development and implementation of activity to reduce race-based discrimination and support diversity.
Innocenti Discussion Papers, 2020
THE UNICEF OFFICE OF RESEARCH-INNOCENTI The UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedic... more THE UNICEF OFFICE OF RESEARCH-INNOCENTI The UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on current and emerging issues in order to inform the strategic direction, policies and programmes of UNICEF and its partners, shape global debates on child rights and development, and inform the global research and policy agenda for all children, and particularly for the most vulnerable. Office of Research-Innocenti publications are contributions to a global debate on children and may not necessarily reflect UNICEF policies or approaches. This publication has not been edited to official publications standards and UNICEF accepts no responsibility for errors. The Office of Research-Innocenti receives financial support from the Government of Italy, while funding for specific projects is also provided by other governments, international institutions and private sources, including UNICEF National Committees. For further information and to download or order this and other publications, please visit the website at: www.unicef-irc.org. INNOCENTI DISCUSSION PAPERS UNICEF Innocenti Discussion Papers are signed pieces by experts and researchers on current topics in social and economic policy and the realization of children's rights. The aim is to encourage reflection and stimulate wide-ranging discussion.
Innocenti Discussion Papers, 2018
The Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on... more The Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on emerging or current issues in order to inform the strategic directions, policies and programmes of UNICEF and its partners, shape global debates on child rights and development, and inform the global research and policy agenda for all children, and particularly for the most vulnerable. Publications produced by the Office are contributions to a global debate on children and may not necessarily reflect UNICEF policies or approaches. The views expressed are those of the authors. The Office of Research-Innocenti receives financial support from the Government of Italy, while funding for specific projects is also provided by other governments, international institutions and private sources, including UNICEF National Committees.
Innocenti Working Papers, 2017
In an era of increasing dependence on data science and big data, the voices of one set of major s... more In an era of increasing dependence on data science and big data, the voices of one set of major stakeholdersthe world's children and those who advocate on their behalfhave been largely absent. A recent paper estimates one in three global internet users is a child, yet there has been little rigorous debate or understanding of how to adapt traditional, offline ethical standards for research, involving data collection from children, to a big data, online environment (Livingstone et al., 2015). This paper argues that due to the potential for severe, long-lasting and differential impacts on children, child rights need to be firmly integrated onto the agendas of global debates about ethics and data science. The authors outline their rationale for a greater focus on child rights and ethics in data science and suggest steps to move forward, focussing on the various actors within the data chain including data generators, collectors, analysts and end users. It concludes by calling for a much stronger appreciation of the links between child rights, ethics and data science disciplines and for enhanced discourse between stakeholders in the data chain and those responsible for upholding the rights of children globally.
Agenda - A Journal of Policy Analysis and Reform, 2000
Innocenti Working Papers, 2016
LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, 2016
This Methodological Guide is specifically tailored to support ethical research practice within th... more This Methodological Guide is specifically tailored to support ethical research practice within the Global Kids Online (GKO) programme. While research on children’s use of the internet requires consideration of universal ethical principles, this type of research presents unique ethical dilemmas which reflect the diverse contexts and the nature of internet use in the varied social, political and economic environments that exist globally (Hongladarom & Ess, 2007). The paper provides (1) an overview of potential ethical issues that need to be considered when undertaking the GKO research programme, (2) a step-by-step guide, illustrated by relevant case studies, to questions and approaches to consider before or when ethical dilemmas arise throughout the research process, (3) useful references to support ethical practice in GKO, (4) a protection protocol template to assist reflection on and documentation of actions that can be taken to ensure that children and communities are protected thr...
The Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission undertook extensive regional and metr... more The Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission undertook extensive regional and metropolitan consultations with communities with culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds in 2006. It was revealed that discrimination in employment is still a significant issue for these communities. As a result, research was undertaken in 2007 by the Commission in partnership with the Victorian Multicultural Commission. This document provides a report on this research initiative. The research process included a review of the literature on racial and religious discrimination in the workplace in Australia and internationally, consultations with CALD communities in four key sites in Victoria (Shepparton, Dandenong, Footscray and Broadmeadows), and an invitation for written submissions from individuals and organisations. The report presents a number of key findings and recommendations emerging from the community consultations and the literature review.
Innocenti Research Briefs
Community engagement should occur as early as possible in the design, implementation and review o... more Community engagement should occur as early as possible in the design, implementation and review of contact-tracing and surveillance technologies. Key message 7: A strong, transparent framework of system governance that seeks to foster and maintain trust within the community is critical. It must include clearly accessible mechanisms that individuals and communities can use to identify and report concerns and incidents as they arise, and to receive feedback on the subsequent responses. Digital contact tracing and surveillance during COVID-19-General and Child-specific Ethical Issues Innocenti Working Paper 2020-01 Key message 10: Wherever possible, informed consent should be factored into the design of digital contact-tracing or surveillance systems. Where this is not possible to uphold in practice, this should be explicitly acknowledged in the design, which should be supported by strong and transparent governance and accountability mechanisms. Key message 11: Access and equity should be explicitly considered in the design and use of technologies for digital contact tracing and public health surveillance. Clear strategies for equitable public health outcomes should be in place where digital solutions are likely to disproportionately (and potentially negatively) affect marginalized communities. Individuals should not be penalized for lacking access to relevant technologies for the purposes of contact tracing or surveillance. In such instances, mixed approaches combining manual and digital contact-tracing services should be used. Key message 12: Individuals should not be compelled to upload or install relevant applications or systems unless warranted by legitimacy, necessity and proportionality tests. In the absence of robust evidence on the efficacy of applications/systems, and in the absence of their widespread adoption, these standards are currently unlikely to be met. Digital contact tracing and surveillance during COVID-19-General and Child-specific Ethical Issues Innocenti Working Paper 2020-01 Prevention of harms across the data cycle Key message 13: Data rights and protections should be upheld to the fullest extent possible. If there is any suspension or relaxation of these as a result of the introduction of digital contact-tracing or surveillance measures, such a change must be: a) clearly articulated, with justification given for the need for the change b) considered in relation to the impacts on vulnerable groups and appropriate mitigation strategies put in place c) time-bound, with the full provisions restored as soon as possible. Key message 14: Prior to any centralized collection of data for the explicit purpose of contact tracing or public health surveillance, or as soon as reasonably practicable, clear terms should be established within relevant regulations in regard to the duration of storage and timing of the destruction of the data. Such terms should be in place for manual systems and should be reviewed and adapted for any new digital/technology-based system.
Innocenti Discussion Papers
The Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on... more The Office of Research-Innocenti is UNICEF's dedicated research centre. It undertakes research on emerging or current issues in order to inform the strategic directions, policies and programmes of UNICEF and its partners, shape global debates on child rights and development, and inform the global research and policy agenda for all children, and particularly for the most vulnerable. Publications produced by the Office are contributions to a global debate on children and may not necessarily reflect UNICEF policies or approaches. The views expressed are those of the authors. The Office of Research-Innocenti receives financial support from the Government of Italy, while funding for specific projects is also provided by other governments, international institutions and private sources, including UNICEF National Committees.
In an era of increasing dependence on data science and big data, the voices of one set of major s... more In an era of increasing dependence on data science and big data, the voices of one set of major stakeholders – the world’s children and those who advocate on their behalf – have been largely absent. A recent paper estimates one in three global internet users is a child, yet there has been little rigorous debate or understanding of how to adapt traditional, offline ethical standards for research involving data collection from children, to a big data, online environment (Livingstone et al., 2015). This paper argues that due to the potential for severe, long-lasting and differential impacts on children, child rights need to be firmly integrated onto the agendas of global debates about ethics and data science. The authors outline their rationale for a greater focus on child rights and ethics in data science and suggest steps to move forward, focusing on the various actors within the data chain including data generators, collectors, analysts and end-users. It concludes by calling for a much stronger appreciation of the links between child rights, ethics and data science disciplines and for enhanced discourse between stakeholders in the data chain, and those responsible for upholding the rights of children, globally.
2005 Australian Universities Quality …, 2005
Proceedings of the Australian Universities Quality Forum 2005 AUQA Occasional Publication 26 PAPE... more Proceedings of the Australian Universities Quality Forum 2005 AUQA Occasional Publication 26 PAPER SESSIONS The Value of Performance Indicators in Supporting a Community Engagement Agenda at RMIT Robyn Adams, Anne Badenhorst, and Dr Gabrielle Berman RMIT ...
4Rs 2008 Be Part of the Future Proceedings of the 4rs Rights Reconciliation Respect Responsibilities 2008 Conference, 2008
Applied Economics Letters, 1998
This paper explores the nature and extent of revisions to Australian macroeconomic data. Specific... more This paper explores the nature and extent of revisions to Australian macroeconomic data. Specifically, we analyse quarterly GDP and monthly balance on current account data. We find some impact of revisions. In addition, we also find that indirect measures of data quality, such as, statistical discrepancy in the case of GDP and the balancing item in the case of the balance on current account are still large after the revisions are completed.
Acknowledgements:This paper would not have been possible without the support of the following per... more Acknowledgements:This paper would not have been possible without the support of the following persons, whose guidance, experience and input helped shape and refine its approach and content.