Naomi Gale - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Naomi Gale
Journal of Sociology, 1999
This paper focuses on residential mobility of an ethnic group within a complex linkage between re... more This paper focuses on residential mobility of an ethnic group within a complex linkage between religion, ethnicity and race. It places the triangular transactional relationship between white Australian gentiles, white Ashkenazic Jews and Asian (non-white) Sephardic Jews together with the strategy of residential movement, within the conceptual framework of Bourdieu's Practice Theory. In doing so, the study highlights the unique situation of Sephardim as a fragmented minority within a larger minority (the Ashkenazic community), and within a multicultural ocean of migrants dominated by a white Anglo-Celtic culture based on racial criteria. Supported by several case studies, the study shows how the practice of residential movement has changed the system, making it less rigid and more open to migrants, and how the gradually changing system has influenced the lives of the doers (Sephardic Jews). Specifically, the practice of residential movement has gradually increased diversity in th...
International Journal of Sociology of the Family, 1994
ABSTRACT This article is the result of a study conducted over five years between 1979-1984 among ... more ABSTRACT This article is the result of a study conducted over five years between 1979-1984 among the Sephardi Jewish community of Sydney, Australia. The Study focuses on the treatment of women in regard to the choice of their partners in marriage. While doing so, the article highlights the position of women, their treatment, rights and obligations in the traditional societies from which they emigrated. Furthermore, the article demonstrates the vast improvement in the position of Sephardi women in the modern open system societies of the West.
Journal of Sociology, Aug 1, 1999
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
This article is based on a community study conducted between the years 1979–1984 for a PhD. thesi... more This article is based on a community study conducted between the years 1979–1984 for a PhD. thesis and focuses on the immigration of Oriental Jews to Australia. The major arguments put forward are: (a) That the ‘White Australia Policy’ explicitly and openly excluded non‐whites from entry into Australia before, during and well after World War II. Among these were Sephardim who originated in Asian countries, who did not qualify because they could not demonstrate that they were ‘75 per cent of European origin and upbringing’, (b) The relationship of strain between the local Jewish Ashkenazi (Jews originated in Europe) community, who acculturated to the Anglo‐Celtic culture so much that they in several ways represented the ‘white Australians’, and their brethren the Sephardim, to whom the Jewish organisation, the Australian Jewish Welfare Society (AJWS) refused help. This article offers some explanations for the refusal of the Jewish Organization to help Sephardim to enter Australia.
Ethnology, 1997
ABSTRACT For immigrant Sephardic Jews in Sydney, Australia, a struggle between religious and secu... more ABSTRACT For immigrant Sephardic Jews in Sydney, Australia, a struggle between religious and secular powers is aggravated by the position of the Sephardim as a minority within a minority.
This course compares the various facades of the Israeli and American Legal Systems. Both systems ... more This course compares the various facades of the Israeli and American Legal Systems. Both systems derived from the British Common Law System, however each developed its own uniqueness in accordance with societal and legal forces, each distinctive to its own society with its unique history. For example, the legal system of Israel today belongs to the family of mixed jurisdictions combining tenets of the Common Law and the Civil Law, with Israel's unique history and characteristics, and the revolutionary changes in the legal system since the independence of the state. We will discuss the centrality of the Judiciary and compare the Supreme Courts and the High Courts of Justice in both countries, particularly their conduct in the arena of the protection human rights and civil rights, particularly of minorities, under the American Constitution and under the Israeli Basic Laws. We will also study the structures of the general court systems in both, while paying special attention to specialized courts. Amongst those, a special attention will be given to the study of the religious court in Israel, its centrality in the life of Israelis and in the shaping of the laws of personal status, such as the absence of civil marriage and divorce and the position of women in Israeli society.
The Australian Journal of Jewish Studies, 2012
This study examines levels of self-esteem (SE) among three generations of Jewish women of Iraqi o... more This study examines levels of self-esteem (SE) among three generations of Jewish women of Iraqi origin in a peripheral development town in the south of Israel in relation to their number of years at school. The assumption was that, due to greater educational gains, third-generation women born in Israel would have higher SE than their mothers and grandmothers. Based on a sample of 300 women from 100 families responding to a closed questionnaire supplemented by interviews, findings from 1996-1998 revealed that differences in SE were, in fact, insignificant; indeed, the first generation had slightly higher SE than their Israeli-born granddaughters. A follow-up study based on a qualitative research study (2007-2009), revealed minimal difference in the socioeconomic situation of residents. The results offer important insight into the complexity of ethno-economic divisions and their influence on self-esteem.
Journal of Sociology, 1999
This paper focuses on residential mobility of an ethnic group within a complex linkage between re... more This paper focuses on residential mobility of an ethnic group within a complex linkage between religion, ethnicity and race. It places the triangular transactional relationship between white Australian gentiles, white Ashkenazic Jews and Asian (non-white) Sephardic Jews together with the strategy of residential movement, within the conceptual framework of Bourdieu's Practice Theory. In doing so, the study highlights the unique situation of Sephardim as a fragmented minority within a larger minority (the Ashkenazic community), and within a multicultural ocean of migrants dominated by a white Anglo-Celtic culture based on racial criteria. Supported by several case studies, the study shows how the practice of residential movement has changed the system, making it less rigid and more open to migrants, and how the gradually changing system has influenced the lives of the doers (Sephardic Jews). Specifically, the practice of residential movement has gradually increased diversity in the make-up of Australian residential structure. At the same time, this major social change has been accompanied by change in the make-up of the Sephardic community, involving reconstructed kinship relations and ethnic identities, particularly Sephardic acculturation into the Australianised Ashkenazi subsystem
Journal of Sociology, 1999
This paper focuses on residential mobility of an ethnic group within a complex linkage between re... more This paper focuses on residential mobility of an ethnic group within a complex linkage between religion, ethnicity and race. It places the triangular transactional relationship between white Australian gentiles, white Ashkenazic Jews and Asian (non-white) Sephardic Jews together with the strategy of residential movement, within the conceptual framework of Bourdieu's Practice Theory. In doing so, the study highlights the unique situation of Sephardim as a fragmented minority within a larger minority (the Ashkenazic community), and within a multicultural ocean of migrants dominated by a white Anglo-Celtic culture based on racial criteria. Supported by several case studies, the study shows how the practice of residential movement has changed the system, making it less rigid and more open to migrants, and how the gradually changing system has influenced the lives of the doers (Sephardic Jews). Specifically, the practice of residential movement has gradually increased diversity in th...
International Journal of Sociology of the Family, 1994
ABSTRACT This article is the result of a study conducted over five years between 1979-1984 among ... more ABSTRACT This article is the result of a study conducted over five years between 1979-1984 among the Sephardi Jewish community of Sydney, Australia. The Study focuses on the treatment of women in regard to the choice of their partners in marriage. While doing so, the article highlights the position of women, their treatment, rights and obligations in the traditional societies from which they emigrated. Furthermore, the article demonstrates the vast improvement in the position of Sephardi women in the modern open system societies of the West.
Journal of Sociology, Aug 1, 1999
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
This article is based on a community study conducted between the years 1979–1984 for a PhD. thesi... more This article is based on a community study conducted between the years 1979–1984 for a PhD. thesis and focuses on the immigration of Oriental Jews to Australia. The major arguments put forward are: (a) That the ‘White Australia Policy’ explicitly and openly excluded non‐whites from entry into Australia before, during and well after World War II. Among these were Sephardim who originated in Asian countries, who did not qualify because they could not demonstrate that they were ‘75 per cent of European origin and upbringing’, (b) The relationship of strain between the local Jewish Ashkenazi (Jews originated in Europe) community, who acculturated to the Anglo‐Celtic culture so much that they in several ways represented the ‘white Australians’, and their brethren the Sephardim, to whom the Jewish organisation, the Australian Jewish Welfare Society (AJWS) refused help. This article offers some explanations for the refusal of the Jewish Organization to help Sephardim to enter Australia.
Ethnology, 1997
ABSTRACT For immigrant Sephardic Jews in Sydney, Australia, a struggle between religious and secu... more ABSTRACT For immigrant Sephardic Jews in Sydney, Australia, a struggle between religious and secular powers is aggravated by the position of the Sephardim as a minority within a minority.
This course compares the various facades of the Israeli and American Legal Systems. Both systems ... more This course compares the various facades of the Israeli and American Legal Systems. Both systems derived from the British Common Law System, however each developed its own uniqueness in accordance with societal and legal forces, each distinctive to its own society with its unique history. For example, the legal system of Israel today belongs to the family of mixed jurisdictions combining tenets of the Common Law and the Civil Law, with Israel's unique history and characteristics, and the revolutionary changes in the legal system since the independence of the state. We will discuss the centrality of the Judiciary and compare the Supreme Courts and the High Courts of Justice in both countries, particularly their conduct in the arena of the protection human rights and civil rights, particularly of minorities, under the American Constitution and under the Israeli Basic Laws. We will also study the structures of the general court systems in both, while paying special attention to specialized courts. Amongst those, a special attention will be given to the study of the religious court in Israel, its centrality in the life of Israelis and in the shaping of the laws of personal status, such as the absence of civil marriage and divorce and the position of women in Israeli society.
The Australian Journal of Jewish Studies, 2012
This study examines levels of self-esteem (SE) among three generations of Jewish women of Iraqi o... more This study examines levels of self-esteem (SE) among three generations of Jewish women of Iraqi origin in a peripheral development town in the south of Israel in relation to their number of years at school. The assumption was that, due to greater educational gains, third-generation women born in Israel would have higher SE than their mothers and grandmothers. Based on a sample of 300 women from 100 families responding to a closed questionnaire supplemented by interviews, findings from 1996-1998 revealed that differences in SE were, in fact, insignificant; indeed, the first generation had slightly higher SE than their Israeli-born granddaughters. A follow-up study based on a qualitative research study (2007-2009), revealed minimal difference in the socioeconomic situation of residents. The results offer important insight into the complexity of ethno-economic divisions and their influence on self-esteem.
Journal of Sociology, 1999
This paper focuses on residential mobility of an ethnic group within a complex linkage between re... more This paper focuses on residential mobility of an ethnic group within a complex linkage between religion, ethnicity and race. It places the triangular transactional relationship between white Australian gentiles, white Ashkenazic Jews and Asian (non-white) Sephardic Jews together with the strategy of residential movement, within the conceptual framework of Bourdieu's Practice Theory. In doing so, the study highlights the unique situation of Sephardim as a fragmented minority within a larger minority (the Ashkenazic community), and within a multicultural ocean of migrants dominated by a white Anglo-Celtic culture based on racial criteria. Supported by several case studies, the study shows how the practice of residential movement has changed the system, making it less rigid and more open to migrants, and how the gradually changing system has influenced the lives of the doers (Sephardic Jews). Specifically, the practice of residential movement has gradually increased diversity in the make-up of Australian residential structure. At the same time, this major social change has been accompanied by change in the make-up of the Sephardic community, involving reconstructed kinship relations and ethnic identities, particularly Sephardic acculturation into the Australianised Ashkenazi subsystem