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Papers by Ganesh Physiovesalius

To report two cases of right crossed non-fused renal ectopia diagnosed in male patients about 30 ... more To report two cases of right crossed non-fused renal ectopia diagnosed in male patients about 30 years of age who arrived to emergency Centre’s with symptoms of renal colic. We report two cases of male patients who arrived to an emergency centre complaining of colic lumbar pain. Crossed renal ectopia was finally revealed by means of intravenous urogram after several analytical and imaging examinations. Right crossed non-fused renal ectopia is an uncommon congenital anomaly with a higher incidence in males. It is much more common to find a crossed fused renal ectopia of the orthotopic kidney. In contrast, if there is no fusion it may be located on the lower portion of the normal kidney, which is not the case in this instance. This malformation is not usually accompanied by other congenital anomalies. Most of cases are spontaneously solved and they do not require an intercurrent surgical intervention.

Pre-ureteric vena cava is a rare congenital disorder, usually presenting clinically with hydronep... more Pre-ureteric vena cava is a rare congenital disorder, usually presenting clinically with hydronephrosis and an ―S or fishhook‖ deformity of the ureter at the lumbar vertebrae three and four. Unusual presentations do occur and can lead to misdiagnoses. Though it is a congenital disorder, patients do not normally present with symptoms until the 30 years of life with various complains, results due to back pressure changes lead to hydronephrosis (water in the kidney).

A lot of controversy continues regarding the development of human penile urethra. Posterior ureth... more A lot of controversy continues regarding the development of human penile urethra. Posterior urethral valves are congenital disorder and can only seen in male infants. It caused by failure of regression of the mesonephric duct. Most of cases PUV’s a sporadic and only occur in males, evidence suggests that they can be found in siblings or twins in a family. If PUV’s are not diagnosed and treated early they can cause damage in the ureters, urethra, bladder and kidney, constraints lung developments cause of low quantity of amniotic fluid. PUV’s are commonly diagnosed prior to birth or at birth when a male infant is evaluated for antennal hydronephrosis.

Penile duplication is a very rare common congenital anomaly. It occurs alone, but the more promin... more Penile duplication is a very rare common congenital anomaly. It occurs alone, but the more prominent examples are usually associated with anomalies of the remnants of the genito-urinary tract and the lower gastrointestinal tract. The quantity of the anomaly ranges from a partial duplication of the glans to two separate penis situated at some distance from each other. A demonstrated classification is presented. The cause is unidentified but is best explained by an early disturbance in the embryologic development of the hindgut and ventral abdomen. Treatment must be personalized and consists of various processes to restore normal appearance and function.

The object of this communication is to call attention to the practical importance of knowledge of... more The object of this communication is to call attention to the practical importance of knowledge of abnormalities of the midgut. Intestinal malrotation refers to the partial or complete failure of rotation of midgut around the superior mesenteric vessels in the embryonic life. Arrested midgut rotation results due to narrow based mesentry and increases the risk of twisting midgut and subsequent obstruction and necrosis.

Gastrointestinal duplications are rare congenital anomalies but interesting clinical entities. Mo... more Gastrointestinal duplications are rare congenital anomalies but interesting clinical entities. Most of them showing up in pediatric population they have a varied presentation, with clinical features will vary from asymptomatic abdominal masses to bowel obstruction or perforation. This review traces the embryological origin and describes the anatomical types of duplications. Lack of normal gut motility interferes with movement of intestinal contents In children mostly associated with abdominal surgery or infection. Adhesions are fibrous bands of tissue Cause: postoperative small bowel obstruction after abdominal surgery The majority of obstructions: is single adhesions and can occur any time after 2nd postoperative week.

As the scrotum and labia majora form in males and females, respectively; the gubernaculum aids in... more As the scrotum and labia majora form in males and females, respectively; the gubernaculum aids in the descent of the gonads. This being both testes and ovaries. The testes would descend to a greater degree than the ovaries and thus passing through the inguinal canal. The gubernaculum connects the gonad to the inguinoscrotal region and is involved in testis descent. In the male fetus it rapidly develops, whereas in the female fetus, development is lacking

Generally, Gonadal Dysgenesis is a condition which can be characterized by the underdeveloped or ... more Generally, Gonadal Dysgenesis is a condition which can be characterized by the underdeveloped or imperfect formation of the gonads. This occurs either due to the absence of the sex determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY) gene and therefore differentiation of the indifferent gonad would not occur. Hence, the other activities such as development of testes, production of its specific hormones and the formation of the other internal reproductive organs that needs those hormones in order to develop would be under developed

The urachus is developmentally the upper part of the bladder, both being derived from the ventral... more The urachus is developmentally the upper part of the bladder, both being derived from the ventral cloaca. This part of the bladder narrows more, but retains in miniature. It is then known as the urachus. The urachus shares in the post-partum descent of the bladder, and in the adult is a cone-shaped structure passing up from the bladder apex, and attached to the umbilicus only by adventitial bands derived from the umbilical arteries which it has pulled down in its descent. Like the bladder it has a peritoneal and an extra-peritoneal surface and has the transversalis fascia on its outer and the peritoneum on its inner surface. The lumen of the urachus remains patent throughout life, though it may be plugged in places by masses of epithelial cells which have peeled or come off in scales from the walls of its canal.

The development of the kidney begins on the 4th week with three slightly overlapping kidney syste... more The development of the kidney begins on the 4th week with three slightly overlapping kidney systems during intrauterine life in humans. The series are pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros. During day 22 of human gestation, there is the formation of pronephros in the cervical region of the embryo. The mesonephros is developed after the pronephros is developed. Mesonephric duct develops an out pouching, the ureteric bud near its attachment to the cloaca during the fifth week of gestation. Congenital anomalies may arise from the failure of the ureteric bud to develop or malrotation.

A ureteric bud anomalies occurrence in the world’s population is very common. One in every thousa... more A ureteric bud anomalies occurrence in the world’s population is very common. One in every thousands babies born usually have some form of ureteric bud congenital anomaly. However these congenital anomalies can vary from individual to individual due to science stating that during embryological development, the ureteric bud is responsible for the collecting system, which includes the major and minor calyces of the kidney, the ureter and the bladder. Congenital anomalies can vary to the abnormal development in any of these stated parts.

Anorectal malformations (ARM) comprises, a wide spectrum of diseases, which can affect girls and ... more Anorectal malformations (ARM) comprises, a wide spectrum of diseases, which can affect girls and boys, and involve the rectum and distal anus as well as the genital and urinary tracts. ARM occurs in around 1 in 5000 live births. Defects range varies from the very minor or ―low‖ which are easily treated with an excellent functional prognosis, to those that are difficult to manage, complex, are often associated with other anomalies known as ―high‖, and have a poor functional prognosis. The surgical approach to repairing these defects changed intensely in 1980 with the introduction of the posterior sagittal approach, Better imaging techniques, and a improved knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the pelvic structures at the time of birth

The growth of the aorta and its major branches are from six pairs of branchial arches, which, thr... more The growth of the aorta and its major branches are from six pairs of branchial arches, which, throughout the fourth week of pregnancy, combine the primitive ventral and dorsal aortas in the embryo. The right-sided aortic is identified when the aortic arch courses to the right of the trachea. When this happens, there is interchanging of the descending aorta and ascending aorta to the right and left respectively. In abnormal condition it can be interruption dorsal segment which may result in any of the three types of right-sided aortic arch. In anomalies which are diagnosed earlier can result in the management of the condition.

The present study was primarily focused to determine the common presentations and manual diagnost... more The present study was primarily focused to determine the common presentations and manual diagnostic procedures for sacral malalignments. Forty football players (n = 40), from National Football Club (NFC) were selected for the study. Subjects were constrained to males with no history of orthopedic or neurological issues, and also include the subjects only with normal muscle power and Range of movement (ROM) of the back and extremities. The mean age of the studied population was 22.2 ± 3.9 years, height 175.8 ± 6.6 cms, and weight 87.5 ± 7.1 kgs. The important bony landmarks like Sacral Sulci and Base, Infero-Lateral Angles (ILA) of sacrum, position of L5 vertebra and Sacrotuberous ligament were located manually. These landmarks were considered as an extremely basic and vital for the manual assessment of sacral malalignments. In this study, we observed, 50% i.e., majority of the soccer's were suffered with oblique axis malalignments, includes Right On Right-ROR and Left On Left-LOL of sacral dysfunctions. The players suffered with AP and Transverse axis of sacral malalignments were encountered up to 17.5% and soccer's who had the vertical axis malalignments was observed only in 7.5%. However, this method of assessing the sacral malalignments until then not documented. In this sense, the current study was mainly focused on the assessment and documentation of the different common presentations in sacral malalignments, which are most common in soccer players. This simple method of evaluation is the literature state of the art. The present study may provide the useful informations to analyze the common presentations of sacral malalignments in different sports.