Rohin Garg - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Rohin Garg

Curēus, Feb 27, 2024

The field of forensic anthropology is characterised by its ongoing development and growth. Forens... more The field of forensic anthropology is characterised by its ongoing development and growth. Forensic anatomy is a burgeoning discipline that focuses on the analysis and identification of both preserved and unpreserved human body parts, both in deceased individuals and the living. This subject plays a crucial role in establishing the four key factors of forensic anthropology, namely sex, age, race, and height. The objective of this research endeavour was to evaluate the significance of anatomical information in the process of forensic age estimation. The researchers established the inclusion criteria in accordance with the globally recognised Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICOS) framework, as advised by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The research included many methodologies in order to ascertain the age. Upon conducting a comprehensive review of the existing literature pertaining to anatomical knowledge in the field of forensic age estimate, we have identified many notable applications. These include the utilisation of various anatomical features such as the dental pulp chamber, fingerprints, acetabulum, sternal end of the fourth rib, as well as hand and wrist bones for the purpose of age estimation. It is important for anatomists and other forensic scientists to engage in collaborative efforts to facilitate the exchange of ideas and ensure thorough investigations. This cooperation is particularly crucial in areas where anatomical sciences play a significant role in forensic science and investigation. Nevertheless, in order to mitigate the potential for estimating error, it is still advisable to use a multi-factorial evaluation approach that involves examining many body areas.

Background: Pressure sores are still a serious problem for paraplegic patients. For these patient... more Background: Pressure sores are still a serious problem for paraplegic patients. For these patients, debilitating pressure sores in the ischial region, which is the primary weight bearing area, present a difficult problem. While there are various wound coverage procedures ...

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Aug 2, 2023

doi: medRxiv preprint NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by pee... more doi: medRxiv preprint NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice.

El nervio ciático sale de la pelvis y entra en la región glútea debajo del músculo piriforme como... more El nervio ciático sale de la pelvis y entra en la región glútea debajo del músculo piriforme como un único tronco. Tiene dos componentes: el nervio peroneo común y el nervio tibial. La relación variable del nervio ciático con el músculo piriforme y su longitud hace que el nervio sea vulnerable a las lesiones. Estudiamos la relación variable del nervio ciático en sesenta extremidades inferiores de treinta cadáveres y encontramos el nervio ciático emergiendo indiviso por debajo del músculo piriforme en el 68,33% de los casos, pero en el 31,66% el nervio ciático estaba dividido arriba en la pelvis. En el 18,33% de los casos el componente peroneo común emergió arriba y en el 13,33% de los casos emergió a través del músculo piriforme. Pensamos que tener un conocimiento adecuado sobre la anatomía del nervio ciático es bueno para los resultados clínicos.

Annals of African Medicine

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis

Acta Medica International

Background: The present study was conducted for assessing the correlation of Heart Diameter and C... more Background: The present study was conducted for assessing the correlation of Heart Diameter and Cardio-Thoracic Ratio with Body Habitus for Evaluating Cardiac Enlargement. Materials & Methods: A total of 100 subjects were enrolled for the present study. All the patients were within the age range of 20 to 65 years. A postero-anterior chest radiograph was obtained followed by transverse Thoracic Diameter measurement. The transverse diameter of heart was the sum of maximum projections with the right and left heart borders. Heart Diameter and Cardio-Thoracic Ratio with Body Habitus was assessed. All the results were recorded in Microsoft excel sheet and were analysed by SPSS software. Results: Mean CTR among subjects with less than 30 years of age, 30 to 50 years of age and 51 to 65 years of age was 42.1%, 44.6% and 46.2% respectively. Mean HD among subjects with less than 30 years of age, 30 to 50 years of age and 51 to 65 years of age was 11.8 cm, 12.8 cm and 14.6 cm respectively. Mea...

Background: In Dermatoglyphics the finger palms and soles elevation pattern are studied. The term... more Background: In Dermatoglyphics the finger palms and soles elevation pattern are studied. The term dermatoglyphics, the uniqueness of a person's fingerprints have been thought by some to be fixing to a person's personality and constructing genetic quality of each individual. Methods: In the present study, 400 students are taken from out of which 200 males and 200 females. Prints are taken and the ridge counts are studied with the help of a magnifying lens. They are identified as: Arches, Loops and Whorls in both genders. The Performa is prepared on a durable A4 sheet divided into five marked areas. The right hand thumb (1) index finger (2) middle finger (3) ring finger (4) little finger (5), followed by the left hand; thumb (6) index finger (7) middle finger (8) ring finger (9), little finger (10). Result: The most common fingerprint patterns in Indian population is loops (both ulnar and radial) (60.65%) followed by whorls (34.7%) and arch (53.5%). The most common fingerprint patterns in Indian males is ulnar loops (55.1%) similarly (64.6%) females had ulnar loops. The percentage of whorls in males and females were 38% and 31.4% respectively. The rarest finger pattern was arch (6%) in males and (4.7%) in females. Conclusion: Dermatoglyphics can play an important role in person identity and gender estimation. Thus this study we prove helpful in forensic science and also in slowing medico legal cases.

Presently formaldehyde has been classified as group I carcinogen to the human population by Inter... more Presently formaldehyde has been classified as group I carcinogen to the human population by International agency for research on cancer, as its exposure has been associated with the nasal, nasopharyngeal, buccal carcinoma and leukemia. Formaldehyde on reaching DNA forms DNA-Protein crosslinks thereby causing chromosomal mutations and micronuclei formation. The micronucleus assay provides information of cytogenetic damage in tissues by these carcinogens. In present study the samples from buccal and nasal mucosae of 25 exposed and 25 non-exposed individuals were taken with the help of wooden spatula and cytopathology brush respectively. These samples were immediately smeared on the microscopic slides and fixed with ethyl alcohol and then stained with the Papanicolaou stain. After staining, slides were studied by the light microscope under 400X and 1000X magnification for the micronuclei and other effects causing genocytotoxicity. Our results show a significant increase in Micronuclei and Micronucleated cells frequency in exposed groups compared with the controls. A significant positive correlation between micronuclei frequencies and duration of exposure is found(r=0.7332 and p Value=0.00).

Background: The size, shape, position, and projection of the ear all influence the appearance of ... more Background: The size, shape, position, and projection of the ear all influence the appearance of the individual. The present study was conducted to assess anthropometric measurements of external ear among known population.Materials & Methods: 112 subjects of both genders were recruited, and measurement of ear was done. Data such as name, age, gender etc. was recorded. Pictures with camera were obtained on white paper. Various landmarks of the auricle were identified. Results: Out of 112 subjects, males were 60 and females were 52. The mean length was 64.5 mm in males and 63.1 mm in females. Width was 32.8 mm and 30.5 mm in males and females, length above tragus was 29.4 mm and 28.3 mm in males and females respectively, length below tragus was 21.0 mm and 20.4 mm, tragus length was 14.9 mm and 14.3 mm, concha length was 23.5 mm and 22.9 mm, concha width was 17.2 mm and 17.0 mm in males and females, lobule height was 12.4 mm and 11.5 mm, lobule width was 20.3 mm and 19.4 mm respective...

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, Apr 8, 2013

Growth of whole body is an integrated & composite process. Pregnancy is one of the most critical ... more Growth of whole body is an integrated & composite process. Pregnancy is one of the most critical and unique period in a women's life. The aim of present study is to determine the factors which are associated with size and proper maturity at birth in a chart if term infants to investigate their growth & development and find out the relationship between the infants anthropometric parameters and maternal parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: present study was conducted on 200 newborns, out of which 100 were of normal birth weight and 100 were of low birth weight. Measured parameters of infants were Head and Chest circumference, Birth weight, Head length ratio, Ponderal Index, and Gestational age. Maternal parameters were age of mother, number of antenatal visits, weight gain from 20 weeks to late pregnancy, haemoglobin and height of mother. Results: observation shows that except age of mother, height of mother and head length ratio all parameters are significantly related.

IJHCR, Feb 9, 2021

Background: The vertebral column is composed of Vertebrae and intervertebral discs. It stretches ... more Background: The vertebral column is composed of Vertebrae and intervertebral discs. It stretches right from the skull extending upto coccyx. The vertebral body is made up of trabecular bone (comprised of red marrow) surrounded by compact bone layer. Posteriorly and inferiorly, the spinous process projects from vertebral arch. T12 vertebra is exclusive in the sense that it marks the transition from thoracic to the lumbar vertebra. Hence; the present morphometric study was planned for assessing the adult human vertebrae.Materials &Methods: A total of 40 dried human lumbar vertebras were collected. Vertebra with presence of congenital anomaly, disfigured or distorted structure was excluded. Pedicle height and pedicle width of all the specimens were measured. Pedicle height was assessed by measuring points just opposite each other on the upper and lower margins of the Pedicles in the vertical plane. Pedicle width was assessed by measuring the points on the medial and lateral surfaces of...

Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2013

BACKGROUND: Estimation of stature has a significant importance in the field of forensic anthropom... more BACKGROUND: Estimation of stature has a significant importance in the field of forensic anthropometry for the identification of an individual. AIMS: Study was carried out to assess and correlate head length and the stature and to predict the stature of an individual by head length using regression analysis. MATERIALS & METHODS: Total 300 (150 males and 150 females) medical students of S.M.S medical college, Jaipur (Rajasthan) were selected. Head length and height of the individual were measured. RESULTS: Correlation coefficient between height & head length were r=0.941 for Male & r= 0.85 for Female suggestive of strong positive correlation. Regression equations were derived to calculate height of unknown individual from head length. CONCLUSION: Present study has established definite correlation between stature and head length. If either of the measurement (total height or head length) is known, the other can be calculated. It will help in medico-legal cases in establishing identity ...

Department of Anatomy , SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan. (India) *Correspondence: Email id... more Department of Anatomy , SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan. (India) *Correspondence: Email id: rohingarg99@yahoo.co.in Abstract: Introduction: There are three facets over upper side of talocalcaneal joint: anterior talar facet, middle and posterior. There is considerable variations in the number and arrangement of these facets. Present study was done to determine patterns of the talar facets of calcanei & their clinical implications in the population of Rajasthan and to find out association of patterns of the talar facets of calcanei with racial factors, if any. Materials & methods: 310 adult dry calcaneal bones at SMS Medical College, Jaipur (Rajasthan) were studied. Each calcaneum was carefully examined for various patterns of articulating facets for talus. Where the anterior and middle facets were separated from each other (Pattern II), the distance between the two was measured. Results: Pattern I with fused middle & anterior facets was predominantfound in 72.26%, followed by...

Introduction: The Foramen Meningo-Orbitale (FMO) is an opening situated in greater wing of the sp... more Introduction: The Foramen Meningo-Orbitale (FMO) is an opening situated in greater wing of the sphenoid which connect the orbit with the middle cranial fossa and rarely with the anterior cranial fossa. Study was carried out to find incidences and variations of FMO in Indian population and the distances between its orbital opening & lateral margin of superior orbital fissure was measured. Material and Methods: 42 Adult human skulls were investigated from the bone banks of department of Anatomy, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan and Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh (India). Each skull was assessed for the presence of one or more FMO under good lighting. Patency was confirmed by 0.1mm diameter flexible probe. Results: FMO was found to be present in 19 skulls (45.24%). Multiple foramens were also reported. FMO was commonly present towards right side in 12 skulls as compared to left (7skulls). Average distance between FMO and supe...

Background: As said “Identification is an individual’s birth right”. Identification of the indivi... more Background: As said “Identification is an individual’s birth right”. Identification of the individual is based on certain characteristics, which is unique to that individual. Cheiloscopy is the examination of lip prints, the lip prints are permanent and fixed, like fingerprint and palatal rugae, hence it can be used in personal identification. Aim: This study is undertaken to evaluate the uniqueness of lip print for personal identification Methods: The study was carried out on 400 subjects (200 male and 200 female) among the population of India. Lipstick was applied on the lips and print was taken on bond paper, the prints were divided into four quadrants and were analyzed by using magnifying lens and Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification were used to identify the most common type of pattern among Indians for personal identification. Results: Our study shows that the most common type of pattern in Indian race was TYPE III (39%) and in all the quadrants (I, II, III, IV) most dominant...

Background: “Anthropometry” includes the different techniques which express the human body and it... more Background: “Anthropometry” includes the different techniques which express the human body and its parts in quantitative manner. Hence, this technique is considered as one of the useful and most applicable, non-invasive and also inexpensive technique worldwide. For the establishment of size of the body and also in sexual dimorphism this technique has been used by the anthropologist for many years. Aim: this study is undertaken to show sexual dimorphism in percutaneous tibial length in Indian race. Methods: The study was carried out on 200 subjects (100 male and 100 female) among the population of India. Percutaneous tibial length was measured with the help of spreading caliper. The data was collected and analyzed statistically. Results: Our study shows no significant difference between the Right and left PCTL in male and female among Indian races. Mean right PCT: Male – 37.82±1.99, Female – 34.84±1.91, Mean left PCT: Male – 37.79±1.98, Female – 34.79±1.89. The percutaneous tibial le...

1Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, RUHS College of Medical Science, Jaipur, Rajasthan, I... more 1Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, RUHS College of Medical Science, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, 2Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, 3Senior Demonstrator, Department of Anatomy, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, 4Senior Demonstrator, Department of Anatomy, RUHS College of Medical Science, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, 5Senior Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India