Gautam Adhikari - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Gautam Adhikari
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2019
Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women and is a major public health ... more Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women and is a major public health problem all over the world. It has significant contribution to high mortality and morbidity. Preinvasive lesions spontaneously regress to normal, remain stable for a long time or progress to higher degree of dysplasia followed by carcinoma cervix. Materials and Method This was a hospital based retrospective study where 456 patients’ records were reviewed. Pap smear was used as the screening tool for the detection of precancerous lesion among the women visiting Western Regional Hospital (WRH), Department of obstetrics and gynecology. Results: Among 456 patients screened, most of them were in the age group of 30-39 years (42.8%) and were of parity 3 (42.8%). Most of them had no risk factors for carcinoma cervix (54.4%). Early marriage accounted for the highest risk of developing precancerous lesion (32.7%). There were no carcinoma detected by Pap smear. The test was negative in 68.9%, Low-...
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2018
Introduction: Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP) is one of the most common medical complica... more Introduction: Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP) is one of the most common medical complications affecting approximately 5-10% of pregnancies. It remains a major cause of maternal/perinatal mortality and morbidity. Proteinuria is a sign of preeclampsia where there is >300 mg of protein in 24 hour urine collection. This usually correlates with 30mg/dl or 1+ reading in a random urine specimen. The main objective of this study is to find out whether urine dipstick correlates with 24 hour urine protein. Methodology: This is a hospital based comparative study, where proteinuria by dipstick method was compared with 24 hour urinary protein in 60 cases of pre eclampsia at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu. Results: The dipstick method of detecting proteinuria significantly correlated with the total 24 hour urine protein excretion by Esbach Albuminometer. A dipstick factor of ≥300mg/24 hour indicates proteinuria with sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of...
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2018
Introduction: The incidence of infertility is about 10 to 15 % among reproductive age group. The ... more Introduction: The incidence of infertility is about 10 to 15 % among reproductive age group. The cause of infertility may be either due to male factor or female factor or both. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the success rate of intrauterine insemination (IUI) in a private centre of Pokhara. Materials and Methods: This was a centre based retrospective study done in private fertility centre. Sub-fertile couples who were treated from January 1st 2015 to December 31st 2016 were enrolled for the study. Couples with unexplained male factor, ovulatory dysfunction, unilateral tubal occlusion and ejaculatory dysfunction were included in this study. Three hundred and eighty IUI cases were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical pregnancy rate was the primary outcome. Result: The success rate of IUI was 15.7%. It was higher among unexplained infertility cases. Clinical pregnancy rate was directly associated with the age of the patients, indications of infertility and number of cycles. C...
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2018
Background: Safe abortion policy was started in 2002 to reduce the maternal mortality and morbid... more Background: Safe abortion policy was started in 2002 to reduce the maternal mortality and morbidity related to unsafe abortion. Promoting the use of contraceptive methods effectively reduces the abortion rate by preventing unintended pregnancy. In this study the acceptance and selection of contraceptive method following abortion was assessed. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted from 1st January 2016 till 31st December 2016 at Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara Nepal where 191 women were enrolled for the study. Results: Among 191 women mostly were from the age group of 20-29 (46.1%) and were Hindu (73.3%). Most of them were pregnant for more than one time (86.9%) and do house work (57.6%). The main reason for abortion was due to complete family (67.5%) and the abortion was done by medical method (57.6%). Around 52.4% of women did not choose any form of family planning methods post abortion which is most alarming for the government of Nepal. Conclusion: The ab...
The Early Mubarak Years 1982–1988, 2020
Journal of Democracy, 2000
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2019
Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women and is a major public health ... more Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women and is a major public health problem all over the world. It has significant contribution to high mortality and morbidity. Preinvasive lesions spontaneously regress to normal, remain stable for a long time or progress to higher degree of dysplasia followed by carcinoma cervix. Materials and Method This was a hospital based retrospective study where 456 patients’ records were reviewed. Pap smear was used as the screening tool for the detection of precancerous lesion among the women visiting Western Regional Hospital (WRH), Department of obstetrics and gynecology. Results: Among 456 patients screened, most of them were in the age group of 30-39 years (42.8%) and were of parity 3 (42.8%). Most of them had no risk factors for carcinoma cervix (54.4%). Early marriage accounted for the highest risk of developing precancerous lesion (32.7%). There were no carcinoma detected by Pap smear. The test was negative in 68.9%, Low-...
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2018
Introduction: Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP) is one of the most common medical complica... more Introduction: Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP) is one of the most common medical complications affecting approximately 5-10% of pregnancies. It remains a major cause of maternal/perinatal mortality and morbidity. Proteinuria is a sign of preeclampsia where there is >300 mg of protein in 24 hour urine collection. This usually correlates with 30mg/dl or 1+ reading in a random urine specimen. The main objective of this study is to find out whether urine dipstick correlates with 24 hour urine protein. Methodology: This is a hospital based comparative study, where proteinuria by dipstick method was compared with 24 hour urinary protein in 60 cases of pre eclampsia at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu. Results: The dipstick method of detecting proteinuria significantly correlated with the total 24 hour urine protein excretion by Esbach Albuminometer. A dipstick factor of ≥300mg/24 hour indicates proteinuria with sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of...
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2018
Introduction: The incidence of infertility is about 10 to 15 % among reproductive age group. The ... more Introduction: The incidence of infertility is about 10 to 15 % among reproductive age group. The cause of infertility may be either due to male factor or female factor or both. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the success rate of intrauterine insemination (IUI) in a private centre of Pokhara. Materials and Methods: This was a centre based retrospective study done in private fertility centre. Sub-fertile couples who were treated from January 1st 2015 to December 31st 2016 were enrolled for the study. Couples with unexplained male factor, ovulatory dysfunction, unilateral tubal occlusion and ejaculatory dysfunction were included in this study. Three hundred and eighty IUI cases were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical pregnancy rate was the primary outcome. Result: The success rate of IUI was 15.7%. It was higher among unexplained infertility cases. Clinical pregnancy rate was directly associated with the age of the patients, indications of infertility and number of cycles. C...
Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, 2018
Background: Safe abortion policy was started in 2002 to reduce the maternal mortality and morbid... more Background: Safe abortion policy was started in 2002 to reduce the maternal mortality and morbidity related to unsafe abortion. Promoting the use of contraceptive methods effectively reduces the abortion rate by preventing unintended pregnancy. In this study the acceptance and selection of contraceptive method following abortion was assessed. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted from 1st January 2016 till 31st December 2016 at Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara Nepal where 191 women were enrolled for the study. Results: Among 191 women mostly were from the age group of 20-29 (46.1%) and were Hindu (73.3%). Most of them were pregnant for more than one time (86.9%) and do house work (57.6%). The main reason for abortion was due to complete family (67.5%) and the abortion was done by medical method (57.6%). Around 52.4% of women did not choose any form of family planning methods post abortion which is most alarming for the government of Nepal. Conclusion: The ab...
The Early Mubarak Years 1982–1988, 2020
Journal of Democracy, 2000