Gavino Maciocco - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
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Papers by Gavino Maciocco
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2008
Assistenza Infermieristica E Ricerca, Apr 1, 2009
PubMed, Aug 22, 2009
The third report on health of the Italian Observatory on Health describes the role of policies an... more The third report on health of the Italian Observatory on Health describes the role of policies and interventions aimed at promoting health and reducing inequalities, emphasizing not only the perspective of ONGs but also of those who receive the interventions. Part of the report focuses specifically on armed conflicts, international humanitarian cooperation and migration of health care workers.
This paper examines some of the factors causing health inequalities. The analysis supports the fi... more This paper examines some of the factors causing health inequalities. The analysis supports the findings of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health that social inequalities in health arise because of inequalities in the conditions of daily life and the fundamental drivers that give rise to them. This review found many examples of associations between risk factors for health, including tobacco use and obesity, and socioeconomic circumstances. This reflects the influence that lack of control, stress and reduced capabilities—all strongly associated with social disadvantage—have on both health and health-related behaviours. The 2008 recession in Europe had consequences on health outcomes.
![Research paper thumbnail of [The primary healthcare centres]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107969671/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Recenti progressi in medicina, 2014
The central attributes of primary care are: first contact (accessibility), longitudinality (perso... more The central attributes of primary care are: first contact (accessibility), longitudinality (person- focused preventive and curative care overtime), patient-oriented comprehensiveness and coordination (including navigation towards secondary and tertiary care). Besides taking care of the needs of the individuals, primary health care teams are also looking at the community, especially when addressing social determinants of health. The rationale for the benefits for primary care for health has been found in: 1) greater access to needed services; 2) better quality of care; 3) a greater focus on prevention; 4) early management of health problems; 5) organizing and delivering high quality care for chronic non-communicable diseases. This paper describes the role of primary healthcare centres in strengthening community primary services and in reducing health inequalities. Furthemore, the experiences of Regional Health Services from Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna are discussed, with a brief overv...
Annali di igiene: medicina preventiva e di comunità
The main aim of the paper is to start from the Zapf model concerning the objective and subjective... more The main aim of the paper is to start from the Zapf model concerning the objective and subjective dimensions of well-being in order to suggest an investigative strategy oriented toward studying urban quality of life by geo-referencing data. In particular, this approach has the main objective of explaining - thanks to the mapping of objective and subjective variables - well-being, deprivation, dissonance and adaptation attitudes of individuals. For this purpose a simulation model has been developed. The text also deals with methodological issues linked to the concrete application of the model itself.
European Respiratory Journal
The main goals of our study were to evaluate: 1) the annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI)... more The main goals of our study were to evaluate: 1) the annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) and its annual decrease in Uganda; 2) the expected incidence of new tuberculosis cases and the notification rate; and 3) the role of incentives given to children tested in increasing compliance with the survey procedures. The methodology is based on performing the standard World Health Organization (WHO) tuberculin test on children of the same age groups at intervals of 10-15 yrs, identifying infected persons by induration distribution analysis, and converting the prevalence rates detected into risk rates according to the ARTI model. Two thousand six hundred and twenty one school children aged 10 yrs old and bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG) nonvaccinated, in six study areas, were injected with two tuberculin units (TU) of purified protein derivative (PPD) RT 23 Copenhagen. The detected prevalence was 14 +/- 1.4% (prevalence +/- 95% confidence interval (95% CI)) and the ARTI value 1.2 +/- 0...
Financial protection in cases of illness is indispensable in preventing catastrophic health expen... more Financial protection in cases of illness is indispensable in preventing catastrophic health expenditures. In low- and middle-income countries, Community-based Health Insurance (CHI) constitutes an innovative tool for providing universal financial protection for rural populations. A feasibility study on CHI was carried out in the Oyam district, Uganda, in order to determine whether the necessary conditions exist for the establishment of a successful scheme. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach and the evidence from the data analysis validated all the feasibility conditions. Overall, this system has the potential to improve access to health care of the local population.
L\u2019aumento della prevalenza delle malattie croniche rappresenta, oggi, la nuova e maggiore sf... more L\u2019aumento della prevalenza delle malattie croniche rappresenta, oggi, la nuova e maggiore sfida per i sistemi sanitari che sono impegnati nella riorganizzazione di servizi da destinare non solo a persone in condizioni acute o di emergenza, ma anche a persone con patologie croniche e in particolare con multimorbosit\ue0. Si calcola, infatti, che pi\uf9 di un terzo delle persone con et\ue0 superiore a 65 anni, abbia almeno due patologie croniche. Si pongono, quindi, riflessioni e interrogativi stimolanti rispetto alle implicazioni per i servizi sanitari, per la valutazione dei cambiamenti organizzativi da implementare e per la ricerca di tipo clinico e organizzativo. Anche la formazione, sia medica, sia delle professioni sanitarie, \ue8 ancora, in gran parte, basata su un approccio legato alla singola malattia e non ancora sufficientemente orientata a favorire il coinvolgimento dei pazienti sia nelle decisioni cliniche, sia nella gestione della patologia cronica mediante interventi di educazione terapeutica e supporto all\u2019autocura. Il convegno si rivolge a professionisti sanitari, programmatori e gestori dei servizi socio-sanitari, formatori e ricercatori, proprio per una comune riflessione e per una ricerca condivisa di possibili soluzioni
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2008
Assistenza Infermieristica E Ricerca, Apr 1, 2009
PubMed, Aug 22, 2009
The third report on health of the Italian Observatory on Health describes the role of policies an... more The third report on health of the Italian Observatory on Health describes the role of policies and interventions aimed at promoting health and reducing inequalities, emphasizing not only the perspective of ONGs but also of those who receive the interventions. Part of the report focuses specifically on armed conflicts, international humanitarian cooperation and migration of health care workers.
This paper examines some of the factors causing health inequalities. The analysis supports the fi... more This paper examines some of the factors causing health inequalities. The analysis supports the findings of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health that social inequalities in health arise because of inequalities in the conditions of daily life and the fundamental drivers that give rise to them. This review found many examples of associations between risk factors for health, including tobacco use and obesity, and socioeconomic circumstances. This reflects the influence that lack of control, stress and reduced capabilities—all strongly associated with social disadvantage—have on both health and health-related behaviours. The 2008 recession in Europe had consequences on health outcomes.
Recenti progressi in medicina, 2014
The central attributes of primary care are: first contact (accessibility), longitudinality (perso... more The central attributes of primary care are: first contact (accessibility), longitudinality (person- focused preventive and curative care overtime), patient-oriented comprehensiveness and coordination (including navigation towards secondary and tertiary care). Besides taking care of the needs of the individuals, primary health care teams are also looking at the community, especially when addressing social determinants of health. The rationale for the benefits for primary care for health has been found in: 1) greater access to needed services; 2) better quality of care; 3) a greater focus on prevention; 4) early management of health problems; 5) organizing and delivering high quality care for chronic non-communicable diseases. This paper describes the role of primary healthcare centres in strengthening community primary services and in reducing health inequalities. Furthemore, the experiences of Regional Health Services from Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna are discussed, with a brief overv...
Annali di igiene: medicina preventiva e di comunità
The main aim of the paper is to start from the Zapf model concerning the objective and subjective... more The main aim of the paper is to start from the Zapf model concerning the objective and subjective dimensions of well-being in order to suggest an investigative strategy oriented toward studying urban quality of life by geo-referencing data. In particular, this approach has the main objective of explaining - thanks to the mapping of objective and subjective variables - well-being, deprivation, dissonance and adaptation attitudes of individuals. For this purpose a simulation model has been developed. The text also deals with methodological issues linked to the concrete application of the model itself.
European Respiratory Journal
The main goals of our study were to evaluate: 1) the annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI)... more The main goals of our study were to evaluate: 1) the annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) and its annual decrease in Uganda; 2) the expected incidence of new tuberculosis cases and the notification rate; and 3) the role of incentives given to children tested in increasing compliance with the survey procedures. The methodology is based on performing the standard World Health Organization (WHO) tuberculin test on children of the same age groups at intervals of 10-15 yrs, identifying infected persons by induration distribution analysis, and converting the prevalence rates detected into risk rates according to the ARTI model. Two thousand six hundred and twenty one school children aged 10 yrs old and bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG) nonvaccinated, in six study areas, were injected with two tuberculin units (TU) of purified protein derivative (PPD) RT 23 Copenhagen. The detected prevalence was 14 +/- 1.4% (prevalence +/- 95% confidence interval (95% CI)) and the ARTI value 1.2 +/- 0...
Financial protection in cases of illness is indispensable in preventing catastrophic health expen... more Financial protection in cases of illness is indispensable in preventing catastrophic health expenditures. In low- and middle-income countries, Community-based Health Insurance (CHI) constitutes an innovative tool for providing universal financial protection for rural populations. A feasibility study on CHI was carried out in the Oyam district, Uganda, in order to determine whether the necessary conditions exist for the establishment of a successful scheme. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach and the evidence from the data analysis validated all the feasibility conditions. Overall, this system has the potential to improve access to health care of the local population.
L\u2019aumento della prevalenza delle malattie croniche rappresenta, oggi, la nuova e maggiore sf... more L\u2019aumento della prevalenza delle malattie croniche rappresenta, oggi, la nuova e maggiore sfida per i sistemi sanitari che sono impegnati nella riorganizzazione di servizi da destinare non solo a persone in condizioni acute o di emergenza, ma anche a persone con patologie croniche e in particolare con multimorbosit\ue0. Si calcola, infatti, che pi\uf9 di un terzo delle persone con et\ue0 superiore a 65 anni, abbia almeno due patologie croniche. Si pongono, quindi, riflessioni e interrogativi stimolanti rispetto alle implicazioni per i servizi sanitari, per la valutazione dei cambiamenti organizzativi da implementare e per la ricerca di tipo clinico e organizzativo. Anche la formazione, sia medica, sia delle professioni sanitarie, \ue8 ancora, in gran parte, basata su un approccio legato alla singola malattia e non ancora sufficientemente orientata a favorire il coinvolgimento dei pazienti sia nelle decisioni cliniche, sia nella gestione della patologia cronica mediante interventi di educazione terapeutica e supporto all\u2019autocura. Il convegno si rivolge a professionisti sanitari, programmatori e gestori dei servizi socio-sanitari, formatori e ricercatori, proprio per una comune riflessione e per una ricerca condivisa di possibili soluzioni