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Papers by George Perkoulidis
Waste Management, 2010
In Greece more than 14,000 tonnes of infectious hospital waste are produced yearly; a significant... more In Greece more than 14,000 tonnes of infectious hospital waste are produced yearly; a significant part of it is still mismanaged. Only one off-site licensed incineration facility for hospital wastes is in operation, with the remaining of the market covered by various hydroclave and autoclave units, whereas numerous problems are still generally encountered regarding waste segregation, collection, transportation and management, as well as often excessive entailed costs. Everyday practices still include dumping the majority of solid hospital waste into household disposal sites and landfills after sterilization, still largely without any preceding recycling and separation steps. Discussed in the present paper are the implemented and future treatment practices of infectious hospital wastes in Central Macedonia; produced quantities are reviewed, actual treatment costs are addressed critically, whereas the overall situation in Greece is discussed. Moreover, thermal treatment processes that could be applied for the treatment of infectious hospital wastes in the region are assessed via the multi-criteria decision method Analytic Hierarchy Process. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was performed and the analysis demonstrated that a centralized autoclave or hydroclave plant near Thessaloniki is the best performing option, depending however on the selection and weighing of criteria of the multi-criteria process. Moreover the study found that a common treatment option for the treatment of all infectious hospital wastes produced in the Region of Central Macedonia, could offer cost and environmental benefits. In general the multi-criteria decision method, as well as the conclusions and remarks of this study can be used as a basis for future planning and anticipation of the needs for investments in the area of medical waste management.
Waste Management & Research, 2007
This study presents an assessment of the current status of open dumps in Laconia prefecture of Pe... more This study presents an assessment of the current status of open dumps in Laconia prefecture of Peloponnese in southern Greece, where all open dumps are targeted for closure by 2008. An extensive field survey was conducted in 2005 to register existing sites in the prefecture. The data collected included the site area and age, waste depth, type of disposed waste, distance from nearest populated area, local geographical features and observed practices of open burning and soil coverage. On the basis of the collected data, a GIS database was developed, and the above parameters were statistically analysed. Subsequently, a decision tool for the restoration of open dumps was implemented, which led to the prioritization of site restorations and specific decisions about appropriate restoration steps for each site. The sites requiring restoration were then further classified using Principal Component Analysis, in order to categorize them into groups suitable for similar restoration work, thus ...
Fuel Processing Technology, 2011
Gasification of biomass, municipal solid waste, waste-derived fuels and residues has been lately ... more Gasification of biomass, municipal solid waste, waste-derived fuels and residues has been lately gaining in attractiveness as an alternative thermal treatment method to produce power and heat. Presented in this paper is a new, recently patented, 3-stage gasification scheme, designed for all aforementioned types of fuels and for producing a synthesis gas free of tar and dioxins. The proposed 3-stage gasification scheme comprises of three stages: i) pyrolysis, ii) combustion and iii) gasification. The proposed 3-stage gasification scheme is valid for municipal solid waste and any type of biomass despite differences in chemical composition. The innovation of this 3-stage gasification scheme is based on the fact that the transition between normal and reverse operation and vice versa is achieved only by the proper rotation settings of four air blowers, thus creating a new model of gaseous flow management between the three aforementioned stages. The presented model can achieve a safe industrial-scale operation while producing a gas free of harmful components. The proposed gasification model is validated as suitable for smallto-medium scale capacities, achieving an overall electrical efficiency of 30% and minimum environmental impacts well below all existing thresholds, including those set by the Directive 2000/76/EC on solid waste incineration.
Waste Management, 2010
The main aim of this study is the integrated assessment of a proposed Waste-to-Energy facility th... more The main aim of this study is the integrated assessment of a proposed Waste-to-Energy facility that could contribute in the Municipal Solid Waste Management system of the Region of Central Greece. In the context of this paper alternative transfer schemes for supplying the candidate facility were assessed considering local conditions and economical criteria. A mixed-integer linear programming model was applied for the determination of optimum locations of Transfer Stations for an efficient supplying chain between the waste producers and the Waste-to-Energy facility. Moreover different Regional Waste Management Scenarios were assessed against multiple criteria, via the Multi Criteria Decision Making method ELECTRE III. The chosen criteria were total cost, Biodegradable Municipal Waste diversion from landfill, energy recovery and Greenhouse Gas emissions and the analysis demonstrated that a Waste Management Scenario based on a Waste-to-Energy plant with an adjacent landfill for disposal of the residues would be the best performing option for the Region, depending however on the priorities of the decision makers. In addition the study demonstrated that efficient planning is necessary and the case of three sanitary landfills operating in parallel with the WtE plant in the study area should be avoided. Moreover alternative cases of energy recovery of the candidate Waste-to-Energy facility were evaluated against the requirements of the new European Commission Directive on waste in order for the facility to be recognized as recovery operation. The latter issue is of high significance and the decision makers in European Union countries should take it into account from now on, in order to plan and implement facilities that recover energy efficiently. Finally a sensitivity check was performed in order to evaluate the effects of increased recycling rate, on the calorific value of treated Municipal Solid Waste and the gate fee of the candidate plant and found that increased recycling efforts would not diminish the potential for incineration with energy recovery from waste and neither would have adverse impacts on the gate fee of the Waste-to-Energy plant. In general, the study highlighted the need for efficient planning in solid waste management, by taking into account multiple criteria and parameters and utilizing relevant tools and methodologies into this context.
International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2012
This paper describes a methodological tool developed for the evaluation of different Anaerobic Di... more This paper describes a methodological tool developed for the evaluation of different Anaerobic Digestion (AD) technologies for treating the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW). Several such technologies have been proposed over the last years; when compared to biogas recovery from landfills, their main advantage is the stability in biogas production and the stabilization of waste prior to final disposal, whereas biogas recovery from landfills has the main setback that it extends over a great time period and may show significant fluctuations on biogas quantity and quality. AD technologies also show great adaptability to a broad spectrum of different input material beside OFMSW (e.g. agricultural and animal wastes, sewage sludge) and can also be used in remote and isolated communities, either stand-alone or in conjunction to other renewable energy sources. AD technologies follow different approaches to the AD process and also can include production of compost; furthermore...
The administrative division of Hellas has reformed through mergers with the Law 3852/2010, which ... more The administrative division of Hellas has reformed through mergers with the Law 3852/2010, which came into existence on 1st January 2011. The enforcement of additional charges regarding the gate fees for waste disposal to sanitary landfills has led to a rethinking of adopting rational waste management systems in order for the 325 new municipalities to avoid the rapidly increasing cost. However, only a few Hellenic municipalities have foreseen the need to change their waste management policy for achieving both cost saving and natural resources conservation. This study is focused on the municipality of Neapoli-Sykies, in the Hellenic region of central Macedonia, which is one of the first that has adopted rational ways to manage their waste. For the evaluation of the current situation regarding waste management in municipality, a Geographic Information System Database was developed. First, the exact number of waste bins was identified with sticker numbers. Next, a data collection form ...
Journal of environmental protection and ecology
Export Date: 20 August 2012, Source: Scopus
In current financial crisis in Hellas, municipalities have to deal with storage, discharge and co... more In current financial crisis in Hellas, municipalities have to deal with storage, discharge and collection services regarding solid waste. Storage and discharge is provided weekly by: (a) blue bins for metals, paper, glass and plastics and (b) green bins for organic and mixed waste. Inadequacy or lack of waste bins and insufficient amounts of collected waste at collection points are problem factors with financial and technical aspects. Aim of this paper was to provide decision makers with information regarding sustainable municipal solid waste storage, discharge and collection. Information of current collection system was gathered from the municipality of Neapoli – Sykies, Hellas and compiled onto a database taking into consideration the number and characteristics of both blue and green bins. Existed location, typology, and frequency of service of 3000 bins were registered in a geographic information system. The decision support tool was used to reduce the number of green bins by 28%...
Journal of environmental protection and ecology
Export Date: 20 August 2012, Source: Scopus
Sustainable Solid Waste Management in the Southern Black Sea Region, 2000
Pretreatment Methods in Anaerobic Digestion, 2012
Aim of this paper is to review different technologies used for managing and utilizing landfill ga... more Aim of this paper is to review different technologies used for managing and utilizing landfill gas, in order to be compared according to their efficiency, costs and emissions. Systems for low generation rates of landfill gas, or low content in methane, include flaring of the extracted gas or its bioxidation using biofilters or non-catalytic oxidation technology. Also the case that
Waste Management & Research, 2005
Operational Research, 2001
Waste Management, 2010
In Greece more than 14,000 tonnes of infectious hospital waste are produced yearly; a significant... more In Greece more than 14,000 tonnes of infectious hospital waste are produced yearly; a significant part of it is still mismanaged. Only one off-site licensed incineration facility for hospital wastes is in operation, with the remaining of the market covered by various hydroclave and autoclave units, whereas numerous problems are still generally encountered regarding waste segregation, collection, transportation and management, as well as often excessive entailed costs. Everyday practices still include dumping the majority of solid hospital waste into household disposal sites and landfills after sterilization, still largely without any preceding recycling and separation steps. Discussed in the present paper are the implemented and future treatment practices of infectious hospital wastes in Central Macedonia; produced quantities are reviewed, actual treatment costs are addressed critically, whereas the overall situation in Greece is discussed. Moreover, thermal treatment processes that could be applied for the treatment of infectious hospital wastes in the region are assessed via the multi-criteria decision method Analytic Hierarchy Process. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was performed and the analysis demonstrated that a centralized autoclave or hydroclave plant near Thessaloniki is the best performing option, depending however on the selection and weighing of criteria of the multi-criteria process. Moreover the study found that a common treatment option for the treatment of all infectious hospital wastes produced in the Region of Central Macedonia, could offer cost and environmental benefits. In general the multi-criteria decision method, as well as the conclusions and remarks of this study can be used as a basis for future planning and anticipation of the needs for investments in the area of medical waste management.
Waste Management & Research, 2007
This study presents an assessment of the current status of open dumps in Laconia prefecture of Pe... more This study presents an assessment of the current status of open dumps in Laconia prefecture of Peloponnese in southern Greece, where all open dumps are targeted for closure by 2008. An extensive field survey was conducted in 2005 to register existing sites in the prefecture. The data collected included the site area and age, waste depth, type of disposed waste, distance from nearest populated area, local geographical features and observed practices of open burning and soil coverage. On the basis of the collected data, a GIS database was developed, and the above parameters were statistically analysed. Subsequently, a decision tool for the restoration of open dumps was implemented, which led to the prioritization of site restorations and specific decisions about appropriate restoration steps for each site. The sites requiring restoration were then further classified using Principal Component Analysis, in order to categorize them into groups suitable for similar restoration work, thus ...
Fuel Processing Technology, 2011
Gasification of biomass, municipal solid waste, waste-derived fuels and residues has been lately ... more Gasification of biomass, municipal solid waste, waste-derived fuels and residues has been lately gaining in attractiveness as an alternative thermal treatment method to produce power and heat. Presented in this paper is a new, recently patented, 3-stage gasification scheme, designed for all aforementioned types of fuels and for producing a synthesis gas free of tar and dioxins. The proposed 3-stage gasification scheme comprises of three stages: i) pyrolysis, ii) combustion and iii) gasification. The proposed 3-stage gasification scheme is valid for municipal solid waste and any type of biomass despite differences in chemical composition. The innovation of this 3-stage gasification scheme is based on the fact that the transition between normal and reverse operation and vice versa is achieved only by the proper rotation settings of four air blowers, thus creating a new model of gaseous flow management between the three aforementioned stages. The presented model can achieve a safe industrial-scale operation while producing a gas free of harmful components. The proposed gasification model is validated as suitable for smallto-medium scale capacities, achieving an overall electrical efficiency of 30% and minimum environmental impacts well below all existing thresholds, including those set by the Directive 2000/76/EC on solid waste incineration.
Waste Management, 2010
The main aim of this study is the integrated assessment of a proposed Waste-to-Energy facility th... more The main aim of this study is the integrated assessment of a proposed Waste-to-Energy facility that could contribute in the Municipal Solid Waste Management system of the Region of Central Greece. In the context of this paper alternative transfer schemes for supplying the candidate facility were assessed considering local conditions and economical criteria. A mixed-integer linear programming model was applied for the determination of optimum locations of Transfer Stations for an efficient supplying chain between the waste producers and the Waste-to-Energy facility. Moreover different Regional Waste Management Scenarios were assessed against multiple criteria, via the Multi Criteria Decision Making method ELECTRE III. The chosen criteria were total cost, Biodegradable Municipal Waste diversion from landfill, energy recovery and Greenhouse Gas emissions and the analysis demonstrated that a Waste Management Scenario based on a Waste-to-Energy plant with an adjacent landfill for disposal of the residues would be the best performing option for the Region, depending however on the priorities of the decision makers. In addition the study demonstrated that efficient planning is necessary and the case of three sanitary landfills operating in parallel with the WtE plant in the study area should be avoided. Moreover alternative cases of energy recovery of the candidate Waste-to-Energy facility were evaluated against the requirements of the new European Commission Directive on waste in order for the facility to be recognized as recovery operation. The latter issue is of high significance and the decision makers in European Union countries should take it into account from now on, in order to plan and implement facilities that recover energy efficiently. Finally a sensitivity check was performed in order to evaluate the effects of increased recycling rate, on the calorific value of treated Municipal Solid Waste and the gate fee of the candidate plant and found that increased recycling efforts would not diminish the potential for incineration with energy recovery from waste and neither would have adverse impacts on the gate fee of the Waste-to-Energy plant. In general, the study highlighted the need for efficient planning in solid waste management, by taking into account multiple criteria and parameters and utilizing relevant tools and methodologies into this context.
International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2012
This paper describes a methodological tool developed for the evaluation of different Anaerobic Di... more This paper describes a methodological tool developed for the evaluation of different Anaerobic Digestion (AD) technologies for treating the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW). Several such technologies have been proposed over the last years; when compared to biogas recovery from landfills, their main advantage is the stability in biogas production and the stabilization of waste prior to final disposal, whereas biogas recovery from landfills has the main setback that it extends over a great time period and may show significant fluctuations on biogas quantity and quality. AD technologies also show great adaptability to a broad spectrum of different input material beside OFMSW (e.g. agricultural and animal wastes, sewage sludge) and can also be used in remote and isolated communities, either stand-alone or in conjunction to other renewable energy sources. AD technologies follow different approaches to the AD process and also can include production of compost; furthermore...
The administrative division of Hellas has reformed through mergers with the Law 3852/2010, which ... more The administrative division of Hellas has reformed through mergers with the Law 3852/2010, which came into existence on 1st January 2011. The enforcement of additional charges regarding the gate fees for waste disposal to sanitary landfills has led to a rethinking of adopting rational waste management systems in order for the 325 new municipalities to avoid the rapidly increasing cost. However, only a few Hellenic municipalities have foreseen the need to change their waste management policy for achieving both cost saving and natural resources conservation. This study is focused on the municipality of Neapoli-Sykies, in the Hellenic region of central Macedonia, which is one of the first that has adopted rational ways to manage their waste. For the evaluation of the current situation regarding waste management in municipality, a Geographic Information System Database was developed. First, the exact number of waste bins was identified with sticker numbers. Next, a data collection form ...
Journal of environmental protection and ecology
Export Date: 20 August 2012, Source: Scopus
In current financial crisis in Hellas, municipalities have to deal with storage, discharge and co... more In current financial crisis in Hellas, municipalities have to deal with storage, discharge and collection services regarding solid waste. Storage and discharge is provided weekly by: (a) blue bins for metals, paper, glass and plastics and (b) green bins for organic and mixed waste. Inadequacy or lack of waste bins and insufficient amounts of collected waste at collection points are problem factors with financial and technical aspects. Aim of this paper was to provide decision makers with information regarding sustainable municipal solid waste storage, discharge and collection. Information of current collection system was gathered from the municipality of Neapoli – Sykies, Hellas and compiled onto a database taking into consideration the number and characteristics of both blue and green bins. Existed location, typology, and frequency of service of 3000 bins were registered in a geographic information system. The decision support tool was used to reduce the number of green bins by 28%...
Journal of environmental protection and ecology
Export Date: 20 August 2012, Source: Scopus
Sustainable Solid Waste Management in the Southern Black Sea Region, 2000
Pretreatment Methods in Anaerobic Digestion, 2012
Aim of this paper is to review different technologies used for managing and utilizing landfill ga... more Aim of this paper is to review different technologies used for managing and utilizing landfill gas, in order to be compared according to their efficiency, costs and emissions. Systems for low generation rates of landfill gas, or low content in methane, include flaring of the extracted gas or its bioxidation using biofilters or non-catalytic oxidation technology. Also the case that
Waste Management & Research, 2005
Operational Research, 2001