Suman Gnawali - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Suman Gnawali

Research paper thumbnail of Cancer Patients Treatment Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Center Experience at Bharatpur, Nepal

Acta Scientific Cancer Biology, Jul 13, 2021

Introduction and Background First identified case of COVID-19 (named by WHO of Corona Virus Disea... more Introduction and Background First identified case of COVID-19 (named by WHO of Corona Virus Disease 2019) was found in Wuhan China which is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV-2). Worldwide total diagnosed case of COVID-19 was 159,732,343patients, global total death due to this disease was reported 3,319,169 and total 95,819,194 patients were recovered from COVID-19 till date May 12, 2021 [1]. It is increasing day by day worldwide. Some of the countries maintain the disciplined life style according to COVID-19 protocol and it is seems that there is control of infection rate and death rate due to COVID-19 in those countries. Some of the countries are still worsely affected and both the infection rate and death rate are too high.

Research paper thumbnail of Patient with False Negative RT-PCR for COVID-19 referred to Cancer Hospital for Lung Cancer Screening

Nepalese Journal of Cancer, 2021

Background: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with a clinical diagnosis of... more Background: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 and false-negative SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and develop and internally validate a diagnostic risk score to predict risk of COVID-19 (including RT-PCR-negative COVID-19) among medical treatment. Case presentation: Herein, we report a 42-year-old male patient from myagdi district Nepal presenting with high grade fever, dry cough, headache and dizziness on the August 10, 2021 during second phase of COVID-19 pandemic. There is no history of hypertension and diabetes. He went for RT-PCR test at local COVID-19 screening center and reported as negative for RT-PCR test. After that he referred to Lumbini Zonal hospital for further evaluation. RT-PCT swab test was performed again and reported negative. On the chest X-Ray, there was opacity on both lungs and the patient was referred to cancer hospital for lung cancer screening. The patient underwent for HRCT chest a...

Research paper thumbnail of MRNA COVID-19 Vaccine and Hope to Cure Cancer

Nepalese Journal of Cancer, 2021

There is hope that cancer patient should benefit from mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Some of the most... more There is hope that cancer patient should benefit from mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Some of the most advanced candidate vaccines are encapsulated in carriers of lipids, and small liposomes are expected to accumulate in tumor tissue through the enhanced effect of permeation and retention. However, the extent to which solid tumors might take a significant part of the vaccine dose, so it is still unknown. This requires a careful evaluation of these promising vaccines of mRNA COVID-19 managed as carriers of lipids for patients with solid tumors, including a possible revaluation of the assay for optimal protection of this specification and the fragile population.

Research paper thumbnail of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: A future hope for cancer treatment

Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2021

Background: mRNA vaccines have a strong potential for a possible cancer therapy platform. They ex... more Background: mRNA vaccines have a strong potential for a possible cancer therapy platform. They express tumor antigens in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) after immunization, facilitating innate/adaptive immune stimulation. Because of its high effectiveness, safe administration, rapid development potential, and cost-efficient manufacturing, the mRNA cancer vaccine surpasses other traditional vaccination platforms. Conclusion: Careful evaluation of promising mRNA vaccines to supervise as carriers of lipids for cancer patients needs to be done. In addition, a possible revaluation for optimal protection is required. However, the extent to which solid tumours might take a significant part of the vaccine doses is still unknown.

Research paper thumbnail of Patient with false negative RT-PCR for COVID-19 referred to cancer hospital for lung cancer screening: A case report

Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2021

Background: Even though RT-PCR tests are generally considered the gold standard for diagnosing SA... more Background: Even though RT-PCR tests are generally considered the gold standard for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2, they are not without flaws, and the likelihood of detecting an infection varies depending on when the test is performed. There is chance of false negative due to different pitfalls. So there is essential of correlation of radiological characteristics, abnormalities in biochemical tests and symptoms of suspected patient during COVID-19 epidemic. Case presentation: Herein, we report a 42-year-old male patient with high-grade fever, dry cough, headache and dizziness. He went for the RT-PCR test two times and reported negative. On the chest X-Ray, there was opacity on both lungs and referred to cancer-hospital for lung-cancer screening. The patient underwent chest-HRCT and laboratory tests for further evaluation and was identified as typical COVID-19 findings. Then the patient was isolated and treatment of given according to COVID-19 treatment guidelines Conclusion: It is conclud...

Research paper thumbnail of High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy for local treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Role of partial rib resection

European Journal of Radiology, 2009

It has long been known that high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can kill tissue through coag... more It has long been known that high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can kill tissue through coagulative necrosis. However, it is only in recent years that practical clinical applications are becoming possible. Since the ribs have strong reflections to ultrasonic beams, they may affect the deposition of ultrasound energy, decreasing the efficacy of HIFU treatment and increasing the chance of adverse events when the intra-abdominal tumours concealed by ribs are treated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of partial rib resection on the efficacy and safety of HIFU treatment. Methods: This prospective study was approved by the ethics committee at Chongqing University of Medical Sciences. An informed consent form was obtained from each patient and family member. A total of 16 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), consisting of 13 males and 3 females, were studied. All patients had the successful HIFU treatment. To create a better acoustic pathway for HIFU treatment, all of the 16 patients had the ribs that shield the tumour mass to be removed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate the efficacy of HIFU treatment. Results: Sixteen cases had 23 nodules, including 12 cases with a single nodule, 1 case with 2 nodules, 3 cases with 3 nodules. The mean diameter of tumours was 7.0 ± 2.1 cm (5-10 cm). According to TNM classification, 9 patients were diagnosed as stage II, 4 patients were stage III, and 3 patients were stage IV. Follow-up imaging showed an absence of tumour blood supply and shrinkage of all treated lesions. The survival rates at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years were 100%, 83.3%, 69.4%, 55.6%, and 55.6%, respectively. No serious complications were observed in the patients treated with HIFU. Conclusion: Partial rib resection can create a better acoustic pathway of HIFU therapy. Even though it is an invasive treatment, this measure offers patients an improved prospect of complete tumour ablation when no other treatment is available.

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of Corpus Callosum Size Using MRI In Nepalese Population

International Journal of Anatomy and Research, 2021

Corpus callosum (CC) is the main fiber tract connecting the cortical and sub-cortical regions of ... more Corpus callosum (CC) is the main fiber tract connecting the cortical and sub-cortical regions of the right, left hemispheres, and plays an essential role in the integration of information between the two hemispheres. By using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the dimensions of corpus callosum can be studied. In this cross-sectional quantitative study 80 cases of normal MRI head were selected for study over two months. T1 weighted sagittal spin-echo images with slice thickness of 6 mm, planned from an axial and coronal image were used for measuring length and thickness of corpus callosum. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS ver.20 software and shown in frequency, percentages and bar diagram. The mean Corpus callosum (CC) length was 68.06 mm in the study population (n=80). The mean thickness of Genu, Body and Splenium were 9.15,5.2 and 9.08 mm respectively and average thickness was 7.81 mm. Statistically significant differences in size of CC for various age groups in both sexes wer...

Research paper thumbnail of Cancer Patients Treatment Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Center Experience at Bharatpur, Nepal

Acta Scientific Cancer Biology, Jul 13, 2021

Introduction and Background First identified case of COVID-19 (named by WHO of Corona Virus Disea... more Introduction and Background First identified case of COVID-19 (named by WHO of Corona Virus Disease 2019) was found in Wuhan China which is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV-2). Worldwide total diagnosed case of COVID-19 was 159,732,343patients, global total death due to this disease was reported 3,319,169 and total 95,819,194 patients were recovered from COVID-19 till date May 12, 2021 [1]. It is increasing day by day worldwide. Some of the countries maintain the disciplined life style according to COVID-19 protocol and it is seems that there is control of infection rate and death rate due to COVID-19 in those countries. Some of the countries are still worsely affected and both the infection rate and death rate are too high.

Research paper thumbnail of Patient with False Negative RT-PCR for COVID-19 referred to Cancer Hospital for Lung Cancer Screening

Nepalese Journal of Cancer, 2021

Background: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with a clinical diagnosis of... more Background: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 and false-negative SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and develop and internally validate a diagnostic risk score to predict risk of COVID-19 (including RT-PCR-negative COVID-19) among medical treatment. Case presentation: Herein, we report a 42-year-old male patient from myagdi district Nepal presenting with high grade fever, dry cough, headache and dizziness on the August 10, 2021 during second phase of COVID-19 pandemic. There is no history of hypertension and diabetes. He went for RT-PCR test at local COVID-19 screening center and reported as negative for RT-PCR test. After that he referred to Lumbini Zonal hospital for further evaluation. RT-PCT swab test was performed again and reported negative. On the chest X-Ray, there was opacity on both lungs and the patient was referred to cancer hospital for lung cancer screening. The patient underwent for HRCT chest a...

Research paper thumbnail of MRNA COVID-19 Vaccine and Hope to Cure Cancer

Nepalese Journal of Cancer, 2021

There is hope that cancer patient should benefit from mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Some of the most... more There is hope that cancer patient should benefit from mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Some of the most advanced candidate vaccines are encapsulated in carriers of lipids, and small liposomes are expected to accumulate in tumor tissue through the enhanced effect of permeation and retention. However, the extent to which solid tumors might take a significant part of the vaccine dose, so it is still unknown. This requires a careful evaluation of these promising vaccines of mRNA COVID-19 managed as carriers of lipids for patients with solid tumors, including a possible revaluation of the assay for optimal protection of this specification and the fragile population.

Research paper thumbnail of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: A future hope for cancer treatment

Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2021

Background: mRNA vaccines have a strong potential for a possible cancer therapy platform. They ex... more Background: mRNA vaccines have a strong potential for a possible cancer therapy platform. They express tumor antigens in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) after immunization, facilitating innate/adaptive immune stimulation. Because of its high effectiveness, safe administration, rapid development potential, and cost-efficient manufacturing, the mRNA cancer vaccine surpasses other traditional vaccination platforms. Conclusion: Careful evaluation of promising mRNA vaccines to supervise as carriers of lipids for cancer patients needs to be done. In addition, a possible revaluation for optimal protection is required. However, the extent to which solid tumours might take a significant part of the vaccine doses is still unknown.

Research paper thumbnail of Patient with false negative RT-PCR for COVID-19 referred to cancer hospital for lung cancer screening: A case report

Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2021

Background: Even though RT-PCR tests are generally considered the gold standard for diagnosing SA... more Background: Even though RT-PCR tests are generally considered the gold standard for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2, they are not without flaws, and the likelihood of detecting an infection varies depending on when the test is performed. There is chance of false negative due to different pitfalls. So there is essential of correlation of radiological characteristics, abnormalities in biochemical tests and symptoms of suspected patient during COVID-19 epidemic. Case presentation: Herein, we report a 42-year-old male patient with high-grade fever, dry cough, headache and dizziness. He went for the RT-PCR test two times and reported negative. On the chest X-Ray, there was opacity on both lungs and referred to cancer-hospital for lung-cancer screening. The patient underwent chest-HRCT and laboratory tests for further evaluation and was identified as typical COVID-19 findings. Then the patient was isolated and treatment of given according to COVID-19 treatment guidelines Conclusion: It is conclud...

Research paper thumbnail of High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy for local treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Role of partial rib resection

European Journal of Radiology, 2009

It has long been known that high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can kill tissue through coag... more It has long been known that high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can kill tissue through coagulative necrosis. However, it is only in recent years that practical clinical applications are becoming possible. Since the ribs have strong reflections to ultrasonic beams, they may affect the deposition of ultrasound energy, decreasing the efficacy of HIFU treatment and increasing the chance of adverse events when the intra-abdominal tumours concealed by ribs are treated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of partial rib resection on the efficacy and safety of HIFU treatment. Methods: This prospective study was approved by the ethics committee at Chongqing University of Medical Sciences. An informed consent form was obtained from each patient and family member. A total of 16 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), consisting of 13 males and 3 females, were studied. All patients had the successful HIFU treatment. To create a better acoustic pathway for HIFU treatment, all of the 16 patients had the ribs that shield the tumour mass to be removed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate the efficacy of HIFU treatment. Results: Sixteen cases had 23 nodules, including 12 cases with a single nodule, 1 case with 2 nodules, 3 cases with 3 nodules. The mean diameter of tumours was 7.0 ± 2.1 cm (5-10 cm). According to TNM classification, 9 patients were diagnosed as stage II, 4 patients were stage III, and 3 patients were stage IV. Follow-up imaging showed an absence of tumour blood supply and shrinkage of all treated lesions. The survival rates at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years were 100%, 83.3%, 69.4%, 55.6%, and 55.6%, respectively. No serious complications were observed in the patients treated with HIFU. Conclusion: Partial rib resection can create a better acoustic pathway of HIFU therapy. Even though it is an invasive treatment, this measure offers patients an improved prospect of complete tumour ablation when no other treatment is available.

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of Corpus Callosum Size Using MRI In Nepalese Population

International Journal of Anatomy and Research, 2021

Corpus callosum (CC) is the main fiber tract connecting the cortical and sub-cortical regions of ... more Corpus callosum (CC) is the main fiber tract connecting the cortical and sub-cortical regions of the right, left hemispheres, and plays an essential role in the integration of information between the two hemispheres. By using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the dimensions of corpus callosum can be studied. In this cross-sectional quantitative study 80 cases of normal MRI head were selected for study over two months. T1 weighted sagittal spin-echo images with slice thickness of 6 mm, planned from an axial and coronal image were used for measuring length and thickness of corpus callosum. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS ver.20 software and shown in frequency, percentages and bar diagram. The mean Corpus callosum (CC) length was 68.06 mm in the study population (n=80). The mean thickness of Genu, Body and Splenium were 9.15,5.2 and 9.08 mm respectively and average thickness was 7.81 mm. Statistically significant differences in size of CC for various age groups in both sexes wer...