Godfrey Chikowore - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Godfrey Chikowore
Southern Africa political and economic monthly, 1999
Southern Africa political and economic monthly, 2000
目的评价磁共振3D-FIESTA联合3D-TOF序列对血管压迫性三叉神经痛的诊断价值。方法收集53例原发性单侧三叉神经痛患者的临床及MRI检查资料，由两位经验丰富的影像科医生对3D-FIESTA... more 目的评价磁共振3D-FIESTA联合3D-TOF序列对血管压迫性三叉神经痛的诊断价值。方法收集53例原发性单侧三叉神经痛患者的临床及MRI检查资料，由两位经验丰富的影像科医生对3D-FIESTA与3D_TOF序列原始和重组图像进行诊断分析，判断三叉神经桥前池段和邻近血管的关系，并与临床症状进行对照比较。结果所有病例中检出三叉神经桥前池段与邻近血管间存在接触或压迫关系的共有40侧，其中症状侧38例，非症状侧2例；神经血管问存在可能接触的有17侧，其中症状侧11例，非症状侧6例；神经血管无接触的有49侧，其中症状侧4例，非症状侧45例。联合应用3D-FIESTA和3D-TOF序列诊断三叉神经与邻近血管的关系，症状侧与非症状侧检查结果之间存在显著差异。结论联合应用磁共振3D-FIESTA和3D-TOF序列有利于提高血管压迫性三叉神经痛责任血管的检出率，可以为原发性三叉神经痛的病因诊断、治疗方案制定及预后评估提供有价值的影像学参考。
Introductory keynotes "Only a united Africa can redeem its past glory, renew and reinforce its st... more Introductory keynotes "Only a united Africa can redeem its past glory, renew and reinforce its strength for the realization of its destiny. We are today the richest and yet the poorest of continents, but in unity our continent could smile in a new era of prosperity and power", Kwame Nkrumah, President of the first independent Sub-Saharan African State of Ghana 1957. Abraham Knife, Challenges and prospects of Pan-African Economic Integration. (http//:eiipd.org/publications/occasional%20papers/ pan_african_eco_integration.htm). 23 October 2003. "To dominate a people is, above all, to take up arms to destroy, or at least to neutralize, to paralyze, its cultural life. For, with a strong indigenous cultural life, foreign domination cannot be sure of its perpetuation. The value of culture as an element of resistance to foreign domination lies in the fact that culture is the vigorous manifestation on the ideological or idealist plane of the physical and historical reality of the society that is dominated or to be dominated. Culture is simultaneously the fruit of a people`s history and a determinant of history, by the positive and negative influence which it exerts on the evolution of relationships between man and his environment, among men or groups of men within a society, as well as among different societies", Amilcar Cabral, the late President of the Republic of Guinnea-Bissau.Centre of Pan African Culture.
International Open and Distance Learning Journal, 2019
Regions, nations and communities are differently endowed with resources and capabilities. Inheren... more Regions, nations and communities are differently endowed with resources and capabilities. Inherently, these differences replicate how some regions, nations, communities and even households either add value or derive value from their surroundings; other communities; nations; regions and continents within a global setting. Certainly, the time and magnitude of value added or extracted is more dependent on the types of dispensation and how they are managed. The more competently the dispensation is managed, the more the value the subjects gain as more good gates open locally, regionally, continentally and globally on one hand. On the other hand, the more anarchic and incompetent a dispensation is managed, the more diminishing the value; and even greater risks of losing what earlier possessions. For instance, this would mean massive closure of good gates in other households, nations, regions, continents and the globe. Shutting of gates commensurately creates migration flows towards regio...
International Open and Distance Learning Journal, 2019
An analysis of socio-economic circumstances on the African continent depicts pronounced dispariti... more An analysis of socio-economic circumstances on the African continent depicts pronounced disparities in development, especially when comparing with other geographical regions and nations. Overarching reasons for these disparities date back historically from the colonial phase. Paradoxically, the discrepancies also start from a systematic abusive exploitation of the value amassed during the colonial phase, where all industries were pulled down through a pronounced culture of mismanagement and unbridled corruption by stewards in the postcolonial period. Nevertheless, in the new millennium, development co-operation programmes such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Africa Agenda 2063 and others play a key role in reversing the worsening of socioeconomic and cultural disposition across the continent, through receptiveness and reciprocation by African governments. As such, this contribution seeks to analyse socio-economic and cultural development disparities in Africa an...
Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements, 2021
Historically, disasters have adversely affected nations across the world, inflicting wide ranging... more Historically, disasters have adversely affected nations across the world, inflicting wide ranging losses on one hand while on the other hand creating development opportunities for urban communities. Recovery instruments and transformative efforts by Zimbabwe and international stakeholders in disaster management assumed the form of conventions on climate change and other means commonly agreed at international level that were destined to address perceived humanitarian crisis (Hyogo and Sendai Disaster Frameworks, 2015–2030). Yet, even as disaster presupposes a disruptive situation it equally provokes an attitude of restoration as Zimbabwe reclaims its position in a heavily contested world. Recovery should take the form of industrialisation or infrastructure rehabilitation where economies have been disrupted as Zimbabwe; among nations, makes frantic efforts to align with global development trends. In the light of preceding conversation, this chapter seeks to explore disaster management...
A position paper on aggro-forestry management in post- land redistribution Zimbabwe; 2000 to 2013.
In development terms, perceived within a context of the North – South and South- South Cooperatio... more In development terms, perceived within a context of the North – South and South- South Cooperation Dialogue, the historic TICAD Process initiated in 1993 and in the contemporary [2016] punctuated by the TICAD VI potentially plays a pivotal role in the growth, development and transformation process within Southern and sub Saharan Africa. Saddled paradoxically by a considerably depressed but highly potential socio-economic cultural backdrop, Southern and sub Saharan Africa witnesses’ immense transformative prospects generated by TICAD VI, but only realizable in the presence of a strategic approach. Lagging considerably far behind in socio-economic cultural parameters relative other continents [Europe; Asia; Americas and Oceania] Southern and sub Saharan Africa by all indications stands as the greatest beneficiary from the Japan launched TICAD process, destined to promote high level policy dialogue between African leaders and development partners on issues facing Africa such as economi...
Stating the geophysical atmospheric conditions relating to Cyclone Idai and the impact it had on ... more Stating the geophysical atmospheric conditions relating to Cyclone Idai and the impact it had on human and wild life, infrastructure and the economy, this study gives a definition and the challenges engendered by that disaster while proffering development alternatives for Zimbabwe and Sub Saharan Africa in general. Best articulated from a climate change dialogue perspective, cyclones and anticyclones constitute vibrant atmospheric processes or wind systems characterized by extreme weather conditions and patterns that have contrasting attributes. A cyclone can be described as a low-pressure system, whereas an anticyclone is a high-pressure system. Effectively, a cyclone, commonly known as a low, constitutes an area of low pressure where air masses meet and rise. The low, which typifies a cyclone, indicates bad weather, like heavy rain, hail and thunderstorms. As such winds in a cyclone blow counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. With res...
Journal of Interdisciplinary Academic Research, Apr 9, 2020
The article argues that the Fast Track Land Reform Programme should be viewed from a security and... more The article argues that the Fast Track Land Reform Programme should be viewed from a security and strategic perspective motivated by its historiographical heritage regarded as worthy of preservation. It has always been a sensitive issue so compelling that successive colonial administrations, setter regimes and governments were determined to utilize all their instruments of power to exert authority for its preservation and control. The Fast Track Land Reform Programme, like its predecessors was a clear expression of the close relationship between foreign, domestic and military policy in pursuit of national goals and values. The subtext of the article is the assertion of the principle of self-determination over the right of ownership of land on a people as expressed by the United Nations norms and values. The aim of the article is to interrogate the security and strategic dimension of the Fast Track Land Reform Programme. The article argues that the involvement of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces in the Fast Track Land Reform Programme must be understood and analysed from the long held Clauzewitzian philosophy of the crucial inter-relationship between; foreign, domestic, and military policy (Dimitriu, 2018). Four main areas are discussed: the historical land brutal military conquests through the foreign policy pronouncements at the 1884/5 Berlin conference; the United Nations Resolution on the colonised people and how the Lancaster House torpedoed the principle in 1979; the constitutional provisions and prescriptions on the repossession of land; the historical role of Armed Forces in supporting civilian authorities in the implementation of domestic and foreign policy objectives deemed to be of security and strategic nature by successive colonial and settler regimes in Zimbabwe. The major findings of the study provide the modern classical background theoretic, necessary principles that explain the legitimacy and rationale for the professional military involvement in politics of the day. The study concludes that the issue of land on a State or Nation is an emotive matter, which can easily be a source of conflict, if not addressed from a security and strategic perspective.
African Journal of International Affairs, 2002
Introductory keynotes "Only a united Africa can redeem its past glory, renew and reinforce its st... more Introductory keynotes "Only a united Africa can redeem its past glory, renew and reinforce its strength for the realization of its destiny. We are today the richest and yet the poorest of continents, but in unity our continent could smile in a new era of prosperity and power", Kwame Nkrumah, President of the first independent Sub-Saharan African State of Ghana 1957. Abraham Knife, Challenges and prospects of Pan-African Economic Integration. (http//:eiipd.org/publications/occasional%20papers/ pan_african_eco_integration.htm). 23 October 2003. "To dominate a people is, above all, to take up arms to destroy, or at least to neutralize, to paralyze, its cultural life. For, with a strong indigenous cultural life, foreign domination cannot be sure of its perpetuation. The value of culture as an element of resistance to foreign domination lies in the fact that culture is the vigorous manifestation on the ideological or idealist plane of the physical and historical reality of the society that is dominated or to be dominated. Culture is simultaneously the fruit of a people`s history and a determinant of history, by the positive and negative influence which it exerts on the evolution of relationships between man and his environment, among men or groups of men within a society, as well as among different societies", Amilcar Cabral, the late President of the Republic of Guinnea-Bissau.Centre of Pan African Culture.
Development Southern Africa, 2016
ABSTRACT This article seeks to explain the capacity and limitations of African cities in building... more ABSTRACT This article seeks to explain the capacity and limitations of African cities in building resilient infrastructure in the face of climate change. In this article, resilience means the ability of a social or ecological system to absorb disturbances while retaining the same basic structure and ways of functioning, the capacity for self-organisation, and the capacity to adapt to stress and change. To expose the capacity and limitations of African cities in building resilient urban infrastructure, the article presents comparative case studies on contemporary experiences in Harare, Nairobi, Abuja, Cairo and Johannesburg relative to the Latin American and Asian cities where resilient infrastructure practices are in vogue. We conclude that most African cities exhibit critical bottlenecks towards emulating the Asian prototypes. Corruption is among the key explanations for the shortcomings of African cities in the delivery of resilient infrastructure and services. Corruption and non-participatory approaches prevailing in most cities have only courted resistance by citizens in the reimbursement of loans obtained from both international and local financial houses.
Approaches to Official Development Assistance (ODA) went through significant changes within the J... more Approaches to Official Development Assistance (ODA) went through significant changes within the Japanese aid bureaucracy in the 1990s. In 1992, the Japanese government published its ODA Charter (MOFA 1992), which marked the launch of a series of reforms of the Japanese ODA system. With the ODA reforms, Japan pledged to shift its traditional focus on economic growth and modernisation through large-scale infrastructure development projects, towards an increased emphasis on environmental protection, social development, democratisation, and other soft issues (Fujisaki et.al 1996-1997). 10 percent respectively (Hook and Zhang 1998: 1 058). Japan has been widely criticised by both scholars and other donors for its lopsided distribution of ODA. However, geographical data is not always a reliable indicator of where the interests of a donor country lie. Countries such as France aad Great Britain tend to direct their ODA mainly to former colonies and Commonwealth countries, but, since these countries are spread all over the globe, France and Great Britain are not criticised to the same extent as Japan, for serving their own int,~rests. Besides, some kind of division of responsibilities and areas of interest has c.ctually taken place in DAC. Here, it seems as if the other member countries, especially the United States, which have strong strategic interests in Asia, seem to fully accept and encourage Japan's focus on this region (Hook 1996: 21; 73).
Southern Africa political and economic monthly, 1999
Southern Africa political and economic monthly, 2000
目的评价磁共振3D-FIESTA联合3D-TOF序列对血管压迫性三叉神经痛的诊断价值。方法收集53例原发性单侧三叉神经痛患者的临床及MRI检查资料，由两位经验丰富的影像科医生对3D-FIESTA... more 目的评价磁共振3D-FIESTA联合3D-TOF序列对血管压迫性三叉神经痛的诊断价值。方法收集53例原发性单侧三叉神经痛患者的临床及MRI检查资料，由两位经验丰富的影像科医生对3D-FIESTA与3D_TOF序列原始和重组图像进行诊断分析，判断三叉神经桥前池段和邻近血管的关系，并与临床症状进行对照比较。结果所有病例中检出三叉神经桥前池段与邻近血管间存在接触或压迫关系的共有40侧，其中症状侧38例，非症状侧2例；神经血管问存在可能接触的有17侧，其中症状侧11例，非症状侧6例；神经血管无接触的有49侧，其中症状侧4例，非症状侧45例。联合应用3D-FIESTA和3D-TOF序列诊断三叉神经与邻近血管的关系，症状侧与非症状侧检查结果之间存在显著差异。结论联合应用磁共振3D-FIESTA和3D-TOF序列有利于提高血管压迫性三叉神经痛责任血管的检出率，可以为原发性三叉神经痛的病因诊断、治疗方案制定及预后评估提供有价值的影像学参考。
Introductory keynotes "Only a united Africa can redeem its past glory, renew and reinforce its st... more Introductory keynotes "Only a united Africa can redeem its past glory, renew and reinforce its strength for the realization of its destiny. We are today the richest and yet the poorest of continents, but in unity our continent could smile in a new era of prosperity and power", Kwame Nkrumah, President of the first independent Sub-Saharan African State of Ghana 1957. Abraham Knife, Challenges and prospects of Pan-African Economic Integration. (http//:eiipd.org/publications/occasional%20papers/ pan_african_eco_integration.htm). 23 October 2003. "To dominate a people is, above all, to take up arms to destroy, or at least to neutralize, to paralyze, its cultural life. For, with a strong indigenous cultural life, foreign domination cannot be sure of its perpetuation. The value of culture as an element of resistance to foreign domination lies in the fact that culture is the vigorous manifestation on the ideological or idealist plane of the physical and historical reality of the society that is dominated or to be dominated. Culture is simultaneously the fruit of a people`s history and a determinant of history, by the positive and negative influence which it exerts on the evolution of relationships between man and his environment, among men or groups of men within a society, as well as among different societies", Amilcar Cabral, the late President of the Republic of Guinnea-Bissau.Centre of Pan African Culture.
International Open and Distance Learning Journal, 2019
Regions, nations and communities are differently endowed with resources and capabilities. Inheren... more Regions, nations and communities are differently endowed with resources and capabilities. Inherently, these differences replicate how some regions, nations, communities and even households either add value or derive value from their surroundings; other communities; nations; regions and continents within a global setting. Certainly, the time and magnitude of value added or extracted is more dependent on the types of dispensation and how they are managed. The more competently the dispensation is managed, the more the value the subjects gain as more good gates open locally, regionally, continentally and globally on one hand. On the other hand, the more anarchic and incompetent a dispensation is managed, the more diminishing the value; and even greater risks of losing what earlier possessions. For instance, this would mean massive closure of good gates in other households, nations, regions, continents and the globe. Shutting of gates commensurately creates migration flows towards regio...
International Open and Distance Learning Journal, 2019
An analysis of socio-economic circumstances on the African continent depicts pronounced dispariti... more An analysis of socio-economic circumstances on the African continent depicts pronounced disparities in development, especially when comparing with other geographical regions and nations. Overarching reasons for these disparities date back historically from the colonial phase. Paradoxically, the discrepancies also start from a systematic abusive exploitation of the value amassed during the colonial phase, where all industries were pulled down through a pronounced culture of mismanagement and unbridled corruption by stewards in the postcolonial period. Nevertheless, in the new millennium, development co-operation programmes such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Africa Agenda 2063 and others play a key role in reversing the worsening of socioeconomic and cultural disposition across the continent, through receptiveness and reciprocation by African governments. As such, this contribution seeks to analyse socio-economic and cultural development disparities in Africa an...
Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements, 2021
Historically, disasters have adversely affected nations across the world, inflicting wide ranging... more Historically, disasters have adversely affected nations across the world, inflicting wide ranging losses on one hand while on the other hand creating development opportunities for urban communities. Recovery instruments and transformative efforts by Zimbabwe and international stakeholders in disaster management assumed the form of conventions on climate change and other means commonly agreed at international level that were destined to address perceived humanitarian crisis (Hyogo and Sendai Disaster Frameworks, 2015–2030). Yet, even as disaster presupposes a disruptive situation it equally provokes an attitude of restoration as Zimbabwe reclaims its position in a heavily contested world. Recovery should take the form of industrialisation or infrastructure rehabilitation where economies have been disrupted as Zimbabwe; among nations, makes frantic efforts to align with global development trends. In the light of preceding conversation, this chapter seeks to explore disaster management...
A position paper on aggro-forestry management in post- land redistribution Zimbabwe; 2000 to 2013.
In development terms, perceived within a context of the North – South and South- South Cooperatio... more In development terms, perceived within a context of the North – South and South- South Cooperation Dialogue, the historic TICAD Process initiated in 1993 and in the contemporary [2016] punctuated by the TICAD VI potentially plays a pivotal role in the growth, development and transformation process within Southern and sub Saharan Africa. Saddled paradoxically by a considerably depressed but highly potential socio-economic cultural backdrop, Southern and sub Saharan Africa witnesses’ immense transformative prospects generated by TICAD VI, but only realizable in the presence of a strategic approach. Lagging considerably far behind in socio-economic cultural parameters relative other continents [Europe; Asia; Americas and Oceania] Southern and sub Saharan Africa by all indications stands as the greatest beneficiary from the Japan launched TICAD process, destined to promote high level policy dialogue between African leaders and development partners on issues facing Africa such as economi...
Stating the geophysical atmospheric conditions relating to Cyclone Idai and the impact it had on ... more Stating the geophysical atmospheric conditions relating to Cyclone Idai and the impact it had on human and wild life, infrastructure and the economy, this study gives a definition and the challenges engendered by that disaster while proffering development alternatives for Zimbabwe and Sub Saharan Africa in general. Best articulated from a climate change dialogue perspective, cyclones and anticyclones constitute vibrant atmospheric processes or wind systems characterized by extreme weather conditions and patterns that have contrasting attributes. A cyclone can be described as a low-pressure system, whereas an anticyclone is a high-pressure system. Effectively, a cyclone, commonly known as a low, constitutes an area of low pressure where air masses meet and rise. The low, which typifies a cyclone, indicates bad weather, like heavy rain, hail and thunderstorms. As such winds in a cyclone blow counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. With res...
Journal of Interdisciplinary Academic Research, Apr 9, 2020
The article argues that the Fast Track Land Reform Programme should be viewed from a security and... more The article argues that the Fast Track Land Reform Programme should be viewed from a security and strategic perspective motivated by its historiographical heritage regarded as worthy of preservation. It has always been a sensitive issue so compelling that successive colonial administrations, setter regimes and governments were determined to utilize all their instruments of power to exert authority for its preservation and control. The Fast Track Land Reform Programme, like its predecessors was a clear expression of the close relationship between foreign, domestic and military policy in pursuit of national goals and values. The subtext of the article is the assertion of the principle of self-determination over the right of ownership of land on a people as expressed by the United Nations norms and values. The aim of the article is to interrogate the security and strategic dimension of the Fast Track Land Reform Programme. The article argues that the involvement of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces in the Fast Track Land Reform Programme must be understood and analysed from the long held Clauzewitzian philosophy of the crucial inter-relationship between; foreign, domestic, and military policy (Dimitriu, 2018). Four main areas are discussed: the historical land brutal military conquests through the foreign policy pronouncements at the 1884/5 Berlin conference; the United Nations Resolution on the colonised people and how the Lancaster House torpedoed the principle in 1979; the constitutional provisions and prescriptions on the repossession of land; the historical role of Armed Forces in supporting civilian authorities in the implementation of domestic and foreign policy objectives deemed to be of security and strategic nature by successive colonial and settler regimes in Zimbabwe. The major findings of the study provide the modern classical background theoretic, necessary principles that explain the legitimacy and rationale for the professional military involvement in politics of the day. The study concludes that the issue of land on a State or Nation is an emotive matter, which can easily be a source of conflict, if not addressed from a security and strategic perspective.
African Journal of International Affairs, 2002
Introductory keynotes "Only a united Africa can redeem its past glory, renew and reinforce its st... more Introductory keynotes "Only a united Africa can redeem its past glory, renew and reinforce its strength for the realization of its destiny. We are today the richest and yet the poorest of continents, but in unity our continent could smile in a new era of prosperity and power", Kwame Nkrumah, President of the first independent Sub-Saharan African State of Ghana 1957. Abraham Knife, Challenges and prospects of Pan-African Economic Integration. (http//:eiipd.org/publications/occasional%20papers/ pan_african_eco_integration.htm). 23 October 2003. "To dominate a people is, above all, to take up arms to destroy, or at least to neutralize, to paralyze, its cultural life. For, with a strong indigenous cultural life, foreign domination cannot be sure of its perpetuation. The value of culture as an element of resistance to foreign domination lies in the fact that culture is the vigorous manifestation on the ideological or idealist plane of the physical and historical reality of the society that is dominated or to be dominated. Culture is simultaneously the fruit of a people`s history and a determinant of history, by the positive and negative influence which it exerts on the evolution of relationships between man and his environment, among men or groups of men within a society, as well as among different societies", Amilcar Cabral, the late President of the Republic of Guinnea-Bissau.Centre of Pan African Culture.
Development Southern Africa, 2016
ABSTRACT This article seeks to explain the capacity and limitations of African cities in building... more ABSTRACT This article seeks to explain the capacity and limitations of African cities in building resilient infrastructure in the face of climate change. In this article, resilience means the ability of a social or ecological system to absorb disturbances while retaining the same basic structure and ways of functioning, the capacity for self-organisation, and the capacity to adapt to stress and change. To expose the capacity and limitations of African cities in building resilient urban infrastructure, the article presents comparative case studies on contemporary experiences in Harare, Nairobi, Abuja, Cairo and Johannesburg relative to the Latin American and Asian cities where resilient infrastructure practices are in vogue. We conclude that most African cities exhibit critical bottlenecks towards emulating the Asian prototypes. Corruption is among the key explanations for the shortcomings of African cities in the delivery of resilient infrastructure and services. Corruption and non-participatory approaches prevailing in most cities have only courted resistance by citizens in the reimbursement of loans obtained from both international and local financial houses.
Approaches to Official Development Assistance (ODA) went through significant changes within the J... more Approaches to Official Development Assistance (ODA) went through significant changes within the Japanese aid bureaucracy in the 1990s. In 1992, the Japanese government published its ODA Charter (MOFA 1992), which marked the launch of a series of reforms of the Japanese ODA system. With the ODA reforms, Japan pledged to shift its traditional focus on economic growth and modernisation through large-scale infrastructure development projects, towards an increased emphasis on environmental protection, social development, democratisation, and other soft issues (Fujisaki et.al 1996-1997). 10 percent respectively (Hook and Zhang 1998: 1 058). Japan has been widely criticised by both scholars and other donors for its lopsided distribution of ODA. However, geographical data is not always a reliable indicator of where the interests of a donor country lie. Countries such as France aad Great Britain tend to direct their ODA mainly to former colonies and Commonwealth countries, but, since these countries are spread all over the globe, France and Great Britain are not criticised to the same extent as Japan, for serving their own int,~rests. Besides, some kind of division of responsibilities and areas of interest has c.ctually taken place in DAC. Here, it seems as if the other member countries, especially the United States, which have strong strategic interests in Asia, seem to fully accept and encourage Japan's focus on this region (Hook 1996: 21; 73).