Glenn Goodrich - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Glenn Goodrich

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon cancer

Proceedings of Spie the International Society For Optical Engineering, 2009

Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon c... more Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon cancer. [Proceedings of SPIE 7181, 71810Q (2009)]. Glenn P. Goodrich, J.Donald Payne, Kelly Sharp, LiLi Bao, Kristina L. Sang. Abstract. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Enzymatic manipulation of metal particle-bound DNA

Research paper thumbnail of Hybridization and extension of au nanopar-ticle-bound oligonucleotides

Research paper thumbnail of Suppression of the reticuloendothelial system using λ-carrageenan to prolong the circulation of gold nanoparticles

Therapeutic delivery, 2015

Gold nanoparticles are employed for imaging and treatment of surgically inaccessible tumors owing... more Gold nanoparticles are employed for imaging and treatment of surgically inaccessible tumors owing to their inherent optical absorption and ability to extravasate through intravenous distribution. These nanoparticles are cleared from the blood by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) as expected given their size. This study demonstrates the effects of RES blockade through the intravenous administration of λ-carrageenan, resulting in a decrease in the median clearance rate from 18.9 (95% CrI: 15.9-22.6) to 11.2 (95% CrI: 8.8-13.9) μl/min and an increase in nanoparticle circulation half-life (t1/2 = 264 ± 73 vs 160 ± 22 min; p < 0.01). This 59.3% decrease in clearance is greater than the 15% previously reported for liposomes [ 1 ]. The primary benefit of nontoxic RES blockade is to increase the circulation time, where traditional particle modification is ineffective or impractical.

Research paper thumbnail of <title>Laser eye protection in a contact lens using plasmon resonant nanoparticles</title>

Ophthalmic Technologies XIX, 2009

As the use of lasers proliferate in military and civilian applications, the importance of laser e... more As the use of lasers proliferate in military and civilian applications, the importance of laser eye protection becomes increasingly significant. Of particular relevance is protection from non-visible laser sources operating in the near-infrared, as it is impossible to determine when the eye is being exposed to such harmful radiation. Current technologies for laser eye protection, such as dyes or reflective

Research paper thumbnail of Gold Nanoparticles in DNA-directed Nanostructure Assembly and Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors

Research paper thumbnail of DNA-directed temperature-programmed assembly of nanoparticles

Research paper thumbnail of Narrowband Imaging of Targeted Gold Nanorods in Tumors

Research paper thumbnail of Enzymatic manipulation of metal particle-bound DNA

Research paper thumbnail of <title>An optical device employing multiwavelength photoplethysmography for non-invasive in-vivo monitoring of optically active nanoparticles</title>

Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XI: Toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics; and Design and Performance Validation of Phantoms Used in Conjunction with Optical Measurement of Tissue III, 2011

ABSTRACT Researchers employ increasingly complex sub-micron particles for oncological application... more ABSTRACT Researchers employ increasingly complex sub-micron particles for oncological applications to deliver bioactive therapeutic or imaging compounds to known and unknown in vivo tumor targets. These particles are often manufactured using a vast array of compounds and techniques resulting in a complex architecture, which can be quantified ex vivo by conventional metrology and chemical assays. In practice however, experimental homogeneity using nanoparticles can be difficult to achieve. While several imaging techniques have been previously shown to follow the accumulation of nanoparticles into tumor targets, a more rapid sensor that provides a quantifiable estimate of dose delivery and short-term systemic response could increase the clinical efficacy and greatly reduce the variability of these treatments. We have developed an optical device, the pulse photometer, that when placed on an accessible location will estimate the vascular concentration of near-infrared extinguishing nanoparticles in murine subjects. Using a technique called multi-wavelength photoplethysmography, the same technique used in pulse oximetry, our pulse photometer requires no baseline for each estimate allowing it to be taken on and off of the subject several times during experiments employing long circulating nanoparticles. We present a formal study of our prototype instrument in which circulation half-life and nanoparticle concentration of gold nanorods is determined in murine subjects with the aid of light anesthesia. In this study, we show good agreement between vascular nanorod concentrations (given in optical density) as determined by our device and with UV-VIS spectrophotometry using low volume blood samples.

Research paper thumbnail of <title>Nanoparticle-amplified surface plasmon resonance for detection of DNA hybridization</title>

Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Surfaces: Novel Reporters with Biological Applications, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Temperature-Programmed Assembly of DNA:Au Nanoparticle Bioconjugates

Nano Letters, 2008

Temperature-Programmed Assembly of DNA:Au Nanoparticle Bioconjugates. Pages 17-19. For the experi... more Temperature-Programmed Assembly of DNA:Au Nanoparticle Bioconjugates. Pages 17-19. For the experiment in Figure 3 (p 18), DNA sequence A 9 is 5′ GTC AAT CTC TTT TTT C 3 H 6-SH 3′ and DNA sequence B 18 is 5′ ACT CAG TGT GTG CCT TCT TTT TTT C 3 H 6-SH 3′, as correctly listed in Table 1 (p 17) in the version published on the Web December 10, 2005 (ASAP) and published in the June 2006 issue (Vol. 6, No. 7, pp 16-23). However, the sequences used in the experiment in Figure 4 (p 19) have poly dA spacers instead of poly dT spacers so that the conjugates they form with the 12 nm Au nanoparticles could more easily be compared with those prepared with sequences C 9 and C 18. Thus, for Figure 4, DNA sequence A 9 is 5′ GTC AAT CTC AAA AAA C 3 H 6-SH 3′ and DNA sequence B 18 is 5′ ACT CAG TGT GTG CCT TCT AAA AAA C 3 H 6-SH 3′. NL800935E

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Macromolecular Crowding on DNA:Au Nanoparticle Bioconjugate Assembly

Langmuir, 2004

DNA:Au nanosphere bioconjugates have applications in biosensing and in the bottom-up assembly of ... more DNA:Au nanosphere bioconjugates have applications in biosensing and in the bottom-up assembly of materials. These bioconjugates can be selectively assembled into three-dimensional aggregates upon addition of complementary DNA oligonucleotides and can be dissociated by heating above a melting transition temperature at which the DNA duplexes are denatured. Herein we describe the impact of polymeric solutes on the thermal denaturation behavior of DNA:Au nanoparticle bioconjugate assemblies. Polymeric solutes can dramatically impact biochemical reactions via macromolecular crowding. Poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) and dextrans of varying molecular weights were used as crowding reagents. While both PEG and dextran increased the stability of DNA:Au aggregates, melting transition temperatures in the presence of PEG were impacted more significantly. Polymer molecular weight was less important than polymer chemistry and weight percent in solution. For a high (15%) weight percent of PEG, aggregation was observed even in the absence of complementary oligonucleotides. These results underscore the importance of polymer chemistry in addition to physical volume exclusion in macromolecular crowding and point to the importance of understanding these effects when designing biorecognition-based nanoparticle assembly schemes in complex matrixes (i.e., any involving polymeric solutes).

Research paper thumbnail of Hybridization and Enzymatic Extension of Au Nanoparticle-Bound Oligonucleotides

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2002

We have investigated the impact of steric effects on the hybridization and enzymatic extension of... more We have investigated the impact of steric effects on the hybridization and enzymatic extension of oligonucleotides bound to 12-nm colloidal Au particles. In these experiments, a nanoparticle-bound 12-mer sequence is hybridized either to its solution phase 12-mer complement or to an 88-mer template sequence. The particle-bound oligonucleotide serves as a primer for enzymatic extension reactions, in which covalent incorporation of nucleotides to form the complement of the template is achieved by the action of DNA polymerase. Primers were attached via-C(6)H(12)SH, -C(12)H(24)SH, and -TTACAATC(6)H(12)SH linkers attached at the 5&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; end. Primer coverage on the nanoparticles was varied by dilution with (5&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;)HSC(6)H(12)AAA AAA(3&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;). Hybridization efficiencies were determined as a function of linker length, primer coverage, complement length (12-mer vs 88-mer), and primer:complement concentration ratio. In all cases, hybridization for the 88-mer was less efficient than for the 12-mer. Low primer surface coverage, greater particle-primer separation, and higher primer:complement ratios led to optimal hybridization. Hybridization efficiencies as high as 98% and 75% were observed for the 12-mer and 88-mer, respectively. Enzymatic extension of particle-bound primers was observed under all conditions tested; however, the efficiency of the reaction was strongly affected by linker length and primer coverage. Extension of primers attached by the longest linker was as efficient as the solution-phase reaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Photothermal therapy in a murine colon cancer model using near-infrared absorbing gold nanorods

Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2010

The photothermal ablation of solid tumors using exogenous, near-infrared ͑NIR͒-absorbing nanopart... more The photothermal ablation of solid tumors using exogenous, near-infrared ͑NIR͒-absorbing nanoparticles has been previously investigated using various preclinical models and is currently being evaluated in the clinic. Here, we evaluate the circulation kinetics, preliminary toxicity, and efficacy of photothermal ablation of solid tumors using gold nanorods systemically delivered and passively accumulated in a murine subcutaneous colon cancer model. Tumored animals were infused with nanorods followed by the percutaneous illumination of the tumor with an 808-nm laser. Control groups consisted of laser-only, nanorod-only, and untreated tumored animals. The survival of the treated and control groups were monitored for 60 days post-treatment. The survival of the photothermally treated group was statistically longer than the control groups, with approximately 44% tumor free through the evaluation period. Histopathology of the major organs of animals infused with nanorods did not indicate any significant toxicity at 60 days post-treatment. Particle biodistribution was evaluated by elemental analysis of the major organs of untumored mice at 1, 7, and 30 days after infusion with nanorods. Elemental analysis indicates nanorod clearance from the blood and retention by the reticuloendothelial system. This study indicates that gold nanorods are promising agents for photothermal ablation of solid tumors.

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of Photothermal Ablation Using Intravenously Delivered NIR-Absorbing Nanorods In Colon Cancer

Proceedings of SPIE, 2009

Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon c... more Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon cancer. [Proceedings of SPIE 7181, 71810Q (2009)]. Glenn P. Goodrich, J.Donald Payne, Kelly Sharp, LiLi Bao, Kristina L. Sang. Abstract. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Distribution of GABAB binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

…, 1999

The regional distribution of GABA B receptor binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of r... more The regional distribution of GABA B receptor binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of rhesus monkey has been determined by receptor autoradiography using the agonist ligand, [ 3 H]-GABA. Whilst binding sites were evident throughout the thalamus, the internuclear differences in the B max were up to 10-fold. In the basal ganglia the binding density was on average lower than in the thalamus. The highest number of binding sites was in striatum followed closely by substantia nigra. In both the thalamus and basal ganglia, the binding density was higher than previously described in the rat. Although our results do not allow us to differentiate between presynaptic and postsynaptic locations of GABA B sites we conclude that with a few exceptions the distribution pattern of GABA B binding sites in the monkey thalamus appears to correlate with the known innervation from the NRT.

Research paper thumbnail of Distribution of GABAB binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

…, 1999

The regional distribution of GABA B receptor binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of r... more The regional distribution of GABA B receptor binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of rhesus monkey has been determined by receptor autoradiography using the agonist ligand, [ 3 H]-GABA. Whilst binding sites were evident throughout the thalamus, the internuclear differences in the B max were up to 10-fold. In the basal ganglia the binding density was on average lower than in the thalamus. The highest number of binding sites was in striatum followed closely by substantia nigra. In both the thalamus and basal ganglia, the binding density was higher than previously described in the rat. Although our results do not allow us to differentiate between presynaptic and postsynaptic locations of GABA B sites we conclude that with a few exceptions the distribution pattern of GABA B binding sites in the monkey thalamus appears to correlate with the known innervation from the NRT.

Research paper thumbnail of Photothermal Efficiencies of Nanoshells and Nanorods for Clinical Therapeutic Applications

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Jul 8, 2009

With clinical trials for photothermal tumor ablation using laser-excited tunable plasmonic nanopa... more With clinical trials for photothermal tumor ablation using laser-excited tunable plasmonic nanoparticles already underway, increasing understanding of the efficacy of plasmonic nanoparticle-based photothermal heating takes on increased urgency. Here we report a ...

Research paper thumbnail of Biosensing using surface plasmon resonance

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon cancer

Proceedings of Spie the International Society For Optical Engineering, 2009

Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon c... more Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon cancer. [Proceedings of SPIE 7181, 71810Q (2009)]. Glenn P. Goodrich, J.Donald Payne, Kelly Sharp, LiLi Bao, Kristina L. Sang. Abstract. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Enzymatic manipulation of metal particle-bound DNA

Research paper thumbnail of Hybridization and extension of au nanopar-ticle-bound oligonucleotides

Research paper thumbnail of Suppression of the reticuloendothelial system using λ-carrageenan to prolong the circulation of gold nanoparticles

Therapeutic delivery, 2015

Gold nanoparticles are employed for imaging and treatment of surgically inaccessible tumors owing... more Gold nanoparticles are employed for imaging and treatment of surgically inaccessible tumors owing to their inherent optical absorption and ability to extravasate through intravenous distribution. These nanoparticles are cleared from the blood by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) as expected given their size. This study demonstrates the effects of RES blockade through the intravenous administration of λ-carrageenan, resulting in a decrease in the median clearance rate from 18.9 (95% CrI: 15.9-22.6) to 11.2 (95% CrI: 8.8-13.9) μl/min and an increase in nanoparticle circulation half-life (t1/2 = 264 ± 73 vs 160 ± 22 min; p < 0.01). This 59.3% decrease in clearance is greater than the 15% previously reported for liposomes [ 1 ]. The primary benefit of nontoxic RES blockade is to increase the circulation time, where traditional particle modification is ineffective or impractical.

Research paper thumbnail of <title>Laser eye protection in a contact lens using plasmon resonant nanoparticles</title>

Ophthalmic Technologies XIX, 2009

As the use of lasers proliferate in military and civilian applications, the importance of laser e... more As the use of lasers proliferate in military and civilian applications, the importance of laser eye protection becomes increasingly significant. Of particular relevance is protection from non-visible laser sources operating in the near-infrared, as it is impossible to determine when the eye is being exposed to such harmful radiation. Current technologies for laser eye protection, such as dyes or reflective

Research paper thumbnail of Gold Nanoparticles in DNA-directed Nanostructure Assembly and Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors

Research paper thumbnail of DNA-directed temperature-programmed assembly of nanoparticles

Research paper thumbnail of Narrowband Imaging of Targeted Gold Nanorods in Tumors

Research paper thumbnail of Enzymatic manipulation of metal particle-bound DNA

Research paper thumbnail of <title>An optical device employing multiwavelength photoplethysmography for non-invasive in-vivo monitoring of optically active nanoparticles</title>

Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XI: Toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics; and Design and Performance Validation of Phantoms Used in Conjunction with Optical Measurement of Tissue III, 2011

ABSTRACT Researchers employ increasingly complex sub-micron particles for oncological application... more ABSTRACT Researchers employ increasingly complex sub-micron particles for oncological applications to deliver bioactive therapeutic or imaging compounds to known and unknown in vivo tumor targets. These particles are often manufactured using a vast array of compounds and techniques resulting in a complex architecture, which can be quantified ex vivo by conventional metrology and chemical assays. In practice however, experimental homogeneity using nanoparticles can be difficult to achieve. While several imaging techniques have been previously shown to follow the accumulation of nanoparticles into tumor targets, a more rapid sensor that provides a quantifiable estimate of dose delivery and short-term systemic response could increase the clinical efficacy and greatly reduce the variability of these treatments. We have developed an optical device, the pulse photometer, that when placed on an accessible location will estimate the vascular concentration of near-infrared extinguishing nanoparticles in murine subjects. Using a technique called multi-wavelength photoplethysmography, the same technique used in pulse oximetry, our pulse photometer requires no baseline for each estimate allowing it to be taken on and off of the subject several times during experiments employing long circulating nanoparticles. We present a formal study of our prototype instrument in which circulation half-life and nanoparticle concentration of gold nanorods is determined in murine subjects with the aid of light anesthesia. In this study, we show good agreement between vascular nanorod concentrations (given in optical density) as determined by our device and with UV-VIS spectrophotometry using low volume blood samples.

Research paper thumbnail of <title>Nanoparticle-amplified surface plasmon resonance for detection of DNA hybridization</title>

Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Surfaces: Novel Reporters with Biological Applications, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Temperature-Programmed Assembly of DNA:Au Nanoparticle Bioconjugates

Nano Letters, 2008

Temperature-Programmed Assembly of DNA:Au Nanoparticle Bioconjugates. Pages 17-19. For the experi... more Temperature-Programmed Assembly of DNA:Au Nanoparticle Bioconjugates. Pages 17-19. For the experiment in Figure 3 (p 18), DNA sequence A 9 is 5′ GTC AAT CTC TTT TTT C 3 H 6-SH 3′ and DNA sequence B 18 is 5′ ACT CAG TGT GTG CCT TCT TTT TTT C 3 H 6-SH 3′, as correctly listed in Table 1 (p 17) in the version published on the Web December 10, 2005 (ASAP) and published in the June 2006 issue (Vol. 6, No. 7, pp 16-23). However, the sequences used in the experiment in Figure 4 (p 19) have poly dA spacers instead of poly dT spacers so that the conjugates they form with the 12 nm Au nanoparticles could more easily be compared with those prepared with sequences C 9 and C 18. Thus, for Figure 4, DNA sequence A 9 is 5′ GTC AAT CTC AAA AAA C 3 H 6-SH 3′ and DNA sequence B 18 is 5′ ACT CAG TGT GTG CCT TCT AAA AAA C 3 H 6-SH 3′. NL800935E

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Macromolecular Crowding on DNA:Au Nanoparticle Bioconjugate Assembly

Langmuir, 2004

DNA:Au nanosphere bioconjugates have applications in biosensing and in the bottom-up assembly of ... more DNA:Au nanosphere bioconjugates have applications in biosensing and in the bottom-up assembly of materials. These bioconjugates can be selectively assembled into three-dimensional aggregates upon addition of complementary DNA oligonucleotides and can be dissociated by heating above a melting transition temperature at which the DNA duplexes are denatured. Herein we describe the impact of polymeric solutes on the thermal denaturation behavior of DNA:Au nanoparticle bioconjugate assemblies. Polymeric solutes can dramatically impact biochemical reactions via macromolecular crowding. Poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) and dextrans of varying molecular weights were used as crowding reagents. While both PEG and dextran increased the stability of DNA:Au aggregates, melting transition temperatures in the presence of PEG were impacted more significantly. Polymer molecular weight was less important than polymer chemistry and weight percent in solution. For a high (15%) weight percent of PEG, aggregation was observed even in the absence of complementary oligonucleotides. These results underscore the importance of polymer chemistry in addition to physical volume exclusion in macromolecular crowding and point to the importance of understanding these effects when designing biorecognition-based nanoparticle assembly schemes in complex matrixes (i.e., any involving polymeric solutes).

Research paper thumbnail of Hybridization and Enzymatic Extension of Au Nanoparticle-Bound Oligonucleotides

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2002

We have investigated the impact of steric effects on the hybridization and enzymatic extension of... more We have investigated the impact of steric effects on the hybridization and enzymatic extension of oligonucleotides bound to 12-nm colloidal Au particles. In these experiments, a nanoparticle-bound 12-mer sequence is hybridized either to its solution phase 12-mer complement or to an 88-mer template sequence. The particle-bound oligonucleotide serves as a primer for enzymatic extension reactions, in which covalent incorporation of nucleotides to form the complement of the template is achieved by the action of DNA polymerase. Primers were attached via-C(6)H(12)SH, -C(12)H(24)SH, and -TTACAATC(6)H(12)SH linkers attached at the 5&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; end. Primer coverage on the nanoparticles was varied by dilution with (5&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;)HSC(6)H(12)AAA AAA(3&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;). Hybridization efficiencies were determined as a function of linker length, primer coverage, complement length (12-mer vs 88-mer), and primer:complement concentration ratio. In all cases, hybridization for the 88-mer was less efficient than for the 12-mer. Low primer surface coverage, greater particle-primer separation, and higher primer:complement ratios led to optimal hybridization. Hybridization efficiencies as high as 98% and 75% were observed for the 12-mer and 88-mer, respectively. Enzymatic extension of particle-bound primers was observed under all conditions tested; however, the efficiency of the reaction was strongly affected by linker length and primer coverage. Extension of primers attached by the longest linker was as efficient as the solution-phase reaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Photothermal therapy in a murine colon cancer model using near-infrared absorbing gold nanorods

Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2010

The photothermal ablation of solid tumors using exogenous, near-infrared ͑NIR͒-absorbing nanopart... more The photothermal ablation of solid tumors using exogenous, near-infrared ͑NIR͒-absorbing nanoparticles has been previously investigated using various preclinical models and is currently being evaluated in the clinic. Here, we evaluate the circulation kinetics, preliminary toxicity, and efficacy of photothermal ablation of solid tumors using gold nanorods systemically delivered and passively accumulated in a murine subcutaneous colon cancer model. Tumored animals were infused with nanorods followed by the percutaneous illumination of the tumor with an 808-nm laser. Control groups consisted of laser-only, nanorod-only, and untreated tumored animals. The survival of the treated and control groups were monitored for 60 days post-treatment. The survival of the photothermally treated group was statistically longer than the control groups, with approximately 44% tumor free through the evaluation period. Histopathology of the major organs of animals infused with nanorods did not indicate any significant toxicity at 60 days post-treatment. Particle biodistribution was evaluated by elemental analysis of the major organs of untumored mice at 1, 7, and 30 days after infusion with nanorods. Elemental analysis indicates nanorod clearance from the blood and retention by the reticuloendothelial system. This study indicates that gold nanorods are promising agents for photothermal ablation of solid tumors.

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of Photothermal Ablation Using Intravenously Delivered NIR-Absorbing Nanorods In Colon Cancer

Proceedings of SPIE, 2009

Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon c... more Efficacy of photothermal ablation using intravenously delivered NIR-absorbing nanorods in colon cancer. [Proceedings of SPIE 7181, 71810Q (2009)]. Glenn P. Goodrich, J.Donald Payne, Kelly Sharp, LiLi Bao, Kristina L. Sang. Abstract. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Distribution of GABAB binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

…, 1999

The regional distribution of GABA B receptor binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of r... more The regional distribution of GABA B receptor binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of rhesus monkey has been determined by receptor autoradiography using the agonist ligand, [ 3 H]-GABA. Whilst binding sites were evident throughout the thalamus, the internuclear differences in the B max were up to 10-fold. In the basal ganglia the binding density was on average lower than in the thalamus. The highest number of binding sites was in striatum followed closely by substantia nigra. In both the thalamus and basal ganglia, the binding density was higher than previously described in the rat. Although our results do not allow us to differentiate between presynaptic and postsynaptic locations of GABA B sites we conclude that with a few exceptions the distribution pattern of GABA B binding sites in the monkey thalamus appears to correlate with the known innervation from the NRT.

Research paper thumbnail of Distribution of GABAB binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

…, 1999

The regional distribution of GABA B receptor binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of r... more The regional distribution of GABA B receptor binding sites in the thalamus and basal ganglia of rhesus monkey has been determined by receptor autoradiography using the agonist ligand, [ 3 H]-GABA. Whilst binding sites were evident throughout the thalamus, the internuclear differences in the B max were up to 10-fold. In the basal ganglia the binding density was on average lower than in the thalamus. The highest number of binding sites was in striatum followed closely by substantia nigra. In both the thalamus and basal ganglia, the binding density was higher than previously described in the rat. Although our results do not allow us to differentiate between presynaptic and postsynaptic locations of GABA B sites we conclude that with a few exceptions the distribution pattern of GABA B binding sites in the monkey thalamus appears to correlate with the known innervation from the NRT.

Research paper thumbnail of Photothermal Efficiencies of Nanoshells and Nanorods for Clinical Therapeutic Applications

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Jul 8, 2009

With clinical trials for photothermal tumor ablation using laser-excited tunable plasmonic nanopa... more With clinical trials for photothermal tumor ablation using laser-excited tunable plasmonic nanoparticles already underway, increasing understanding of the efficacy of plasmonic nanoparticle-based photothermal heating takes on increased urgency. Here we report a ...

Research paper thumbnail of Biosensing using surface plasmon resonance