Grace Oppong - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Grace Oppong

Anaerobic digestion with biogas production has both economic and environmental benefits. 25 % of ... more Anaerobic digestion with biogas production has both economic and environmental benefits. 25 % of all bioenergy in the future could potentially be sourced from biogas (Holm-Nielsen et al., 2009). Although anaerobic digesters have seen wide applicability, they typically perform below their optimum as a consequence of the complexity of the underlying process. This work involves the development of a generic advanced process Nomenclature AD Anaerobic Digestion AAD Advanced Anaerobic Digestion ADM1 Anaerobic Digestion Model number 1 APC Advanced Process Control ASM1 Activated Sludge Model number 1 BAFF Biological Aerated Flooded Filter BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand BSM1 or Benchmark Simulation Model number.1 or 2 CHP Combined Heat and Power COD Chemical Oxygen Demand , Process Capability Indices CV Control Variable DoE Design of Experiments DS Dry Solids EEH Enhanced Enzymic Hydrolysis FT-IR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy GBT Gravity Belt Thickener GC Gas Chromatography GCMS Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography HRT Hydraulic Retention Time IR Infrared KPI Key Performance Indicator LI-COR LR Long range LRQP Long Range Quadratic Programming LSL Lower Specification Limit MAD Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion MBT Methanobacteriales MCC Methanococcales MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output MMB Methanomicrobiales MPC Model Predictive Control MSC Methanosarcinaceae MST Methanosaetaceae MV Manipulated Variable NIRS Near-InfraRed Spectroscopy NWL Northumbrian Water Ltd OLR Organic Loading Rate

Water Practice and Technology, 2013

The lack of instrumentation in anaerobic digestion processes is a key bottleneck as sensors and a... more The lack of instrumentation in anaerobic digestion processes is a key bottleneck as sensors and analysers are necessary to reduce uncertainty related to the initial conditions, kinetics and the input concentrations of the process. Without knowledge of the process conditions, the process is inevitably difficult to control. This paper looks into the potential for developing a soft sensor for volatile solids (VS), an important variable that is currently only monitored offline. A VS inferential sensor is developed using data from an industrial process and compared with the results from a simulation study where feed flow and biogas production rate are used for modelling VS.

Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2012

Abstract In recent years, waste has been recognized as a significantly underutilized resource. Em... more Abstract In recent years, waste has been recognized as a significantly underutilized resource. Emphasis is now shifting from disposal-based solutions, such as landfill, to process-based solutions for recovery and recycling. There is a new sense of direction and increasing focus on utilizing organic waste for the production of energy. One of the leading technologies to support this drive towards the exploitation of waste is that of anaerobic digestion (AD). The techniques behind AD have existed for well over a century, with the first anaerobic digester built in 1859 in India [1] . However, due to the dynamic nature, non-linearity and lack of expert knowledge of the whole process, opportunities remain for significant improvements in operational efficiency. Lack of instrumentation is the main bottleneck in the process, as sensors and analyzers are necessary to reduce uncertainty related to the initial conditions, kinetics and in the input concentrations of the process. Without knowledge of the process conditions, the process is inevitably difficult to control. This paper looks into the potential for developing soft sensor for volatile solids (VS) which is an important variable that is currently only monitored offline.

IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2013

Anaerobic digestion with biogas production has both economic and environmental benefits. 25% of a... more Anaerobic digestion with biogas production has both economic and environmental benefits. 25% of all bioenergy in the future could potentially be sourced from biogas. Although anaerobic digesters have seen wide applicability, they typically perform below their optimum performance as a consequence of the complexity of the underlying process. This work involves the development of a generic advanced process control system to optimize the performance of anaerobic digesters. There is a requirement for a configurable monitoring and optimization system with associated sensors to optimize the production of biogas, combined with a degree of flexibility for quality and content of the digestate.

Anaerobic digestion with biogas production has both economic and environmental benefits. 25 % of ... more Anaerobic digestion with biogas production has both economic and environmental benefits. 25 % of all bioenergy in the future could potentially be sourced from biogas (Holm-Nielsen et al., 2009). Although anaerobic digesters have seen wide applicability, they typically perform below their optimum as a consequence of the complexity of the underlying process. This work involves the development of a generic advanced process Nomenclature AD Anaerobic Digestion AAD Advanced Anaerobic Digestion ADM1 Anaerobic Digestion Model number 1 APC Advanced Process Control ASM1 Activated Sludge Model number 1 BAFF Biological Aerated Flooded Filter BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand BSM1 or Benchmark Simulation Model number.1 or 2 CHP Combined Heat and Power COD Chemical Oxygen Demand , Process Capability Indices CV Control Variable DoE Design of Experiments DS Dry Solids EEH Enhanced Enzymic Hydrolysis FT-IR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy GBT Gravity Belt Thickener GC Gas Chromatography GCMS Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography HRT Hydraulic Retention Time IR Infrared KPI Key Performance Indicator LI-COR LR Long range LRQP Long Range Quadratic Programming LSL Lower Specification Limit MAD Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion MBT Methanobacteriales MCC Methanococcales MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output MMB Methanomicrobiales MPC Model Predictive Control MSC Methanosarcinaceae MST Methanosaetaceae MV Manipulated Variable NIRS Near-InfraRed Spectroscopy NWL Northumbrian Water Ltd OLR Organic Loading Rate

Water Practice and Technology, 2013

The lack of instrumentation in anaerobic digestion processes is a key bottleneck as sensors and a... more The lack of instrumentation in anaerobic digestion processes is a key bottleneck as sensors and analysers are necessary to reduce uncertainty related to the initial conditions, kinetics and the input concentrations of the process. Without knowledge of the process conditions, the process is inevitably difficult to control. This paper looks into the potential for developing a soft sensor for volatile solids (VS), an important variable that is currently only monitored offline. A VS inferential sensor is developed using data from an industrial process and compared with the results from a simulation study where feed flow and biogas production rate are used for modelling VS.

Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2012

Abstract In recent years, waste has been recognized as a significantly underutilized resource. Em... more Abstract In recent years, waste has been recognized as a significantly underutilized resource. Emphasis is now shifting from disposal-based solutions, such as landfill, to process-based solutions for recovery and recycling. There is a new sense of direction and increasing focus on utilizing organic waste for the production of energy. One of the leading technologies to support this drive towards the exploitation of waste is that of anaerobic digestion (AD). The techniques behind AD have existed for well over a century, with the first anaerobic digester built in 1859 in India [1] . However, due to the dynamic nature, non-linearity and lack of expert knowledge of the whole process, opportunities remain for significant improvements in operational efficiency. Lack of instrumentation is the main bottleneck in the process, as sensors and analyzers are necessary to reduce uncertainty related to the initial conditions, kinetics and in the input concentrations of the process. Without knowledge of the process conditions, the process is inevitably difficult to control. This paper looks into the potential for developing soft sensor for volatile solids (VS) which is an important variable that is currently only monitored offline.

IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2013

Anaerobic digestion with biogas production has both economic and environmental benefits. 25% of a... more Anaerobic digestion with biogas production has both economic and environmental benefits. 25% of all bioenergy in the future could potentially be sourced from biogas. Although anaerobic digesters have seen wide applicability, they typically perform below their optimum performance as a consequence of the complexity of the underlying process. This work involves the development of a generic advanced process control system to optimize the performance of anaerobic digesters. There is a requirement for a configurable monitoring and optimization system with associated sensors to optimize the production of biogas, combined with a degree of flexibility for quality and content of the digestate.