Grace Skogstad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
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Papers by Grace Skogstad
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000
American Political Science Review, 2002
Page 1. American Political Science Review Vol. 96, No. 1 March 2002 BOOK REVIEWS Political Theory... more Page 1. American Political Science Review Vol. 96, No. 1 March 2002 BOOK REVIEWS Political Theory The Future of Teledemocracy. By Ted Becker and Christa Daryl Slaton. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2000. 248p. 65.00cloth,65.00 cloth, 65.00cloth,24.95 paper. ...
The Global Promise of Federalism 2013 Isbn 9781442626478 Pags 3 16, 2013
Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie, 2008
Le but de cette recherche est de dCmontrer les liens directs entre I'activitC de protestation des... more Le but de cette recherche est de dCmontrer les liens directs entre I'activitC de protestation des fermiers individus de ]'Alberta et le mkcontentement Cconomique, les croyances populaires et I'aliCnation politique.
Global Governance, 2001
... Grace Skogstad 301 protect the lives of humans, plants, or animals "from risks arisi... more ... Grace Skogstad 301 protect the lives of humans, plants, or animals "from risks arising from additives, contaminants, toxins or disease-carrying organisms in foods, beverages or feedstuffs."20 Like its predecessor, GATT Article XX, the SPS Agreement recognizes that countries ...
The regulation of genetically modified organisms in the EU has become embroiled in a tension betw... more The regulation of genetically modified organisms in the EU has become embroiled in a tension between agency and fiduciary principles of delegated authority and the alternate understandings of political accountability they imply. Fiduciary principles have gained the upper hand in a regulatory process expected to legitimize GMO risk regulation by respecting agency principles of delegated authority. Amidst continuing scientific debate and uncertainty about the environmental safety of GM crops, the EU's precautionary political culture of risk regulation adds to the controversy of relying on non-majoritarian bodies to regulate GMO risks. Albeit contentious, the fiduciary model of regulation is compatible with the external accountability commitments of EU member states not only to EU law but also to fellow WTO signatories. The incentives, and indeed imperatives, to embrace fiduciary principles of authoritative decision-making explain why the European Commission is exercising its legal authority to authorize some GMOs on the advice of its scientific advisors but without the support of a qualified majority of member states
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 1350176032000085333, Feb 4, 2011
ABSTRACT The article examines the legitimation imperatives of EU-level regulatory governing, the ... more ABSTRACT The article examines the legitimation imperatives of EU-level regulatory governing, the institutional capacity to respond to these imperatives, and the resulting implications for policy effectiveness. It argues that both output and input legitimacy are necessary for authoritative supra-state regulation in certain policy domains. To secure both democratic legitimation and effective policy-making, input legitimation mechanisms should function as integrative rather than aggregative institutions. In a case study of formulation of EU genetic engineering policies, the structural attributes of network governance and features of the policy domain are shown to affect the potential of network governance as an integrative institution.
Canadian Political Science Review, Jun 29, 2007
Policy and Society, 2004
The article offers an explanation of the distinct trajectories of policy development of the Ameri... more The article offers an explanation of the distinct trajectories of policy development of the American and European Union regulatory regimes for genetically modified foods and crops. The permissive American regulatory regime has been resilient; the rigorous EU regime, much less so. The account of policy development and policy resilience directs attention to the foundational ideas and material legacies of regulatory policies at an early critical juncture of their development, and the distinct mechanisms of reproduction that resulted. It argues that the constitutive ideas of US policies for GM crops and foods, and the material coalitions these ideas induced, created power and functionalist mechanisms of reproduction that have stabilised policies and limited reforms to incremental adaptations. By contrast, the initial critical juncture of EU policy development resulted in core ideational principles that relied on different functional and legitimation logics. Their material (power) base much weaker, early EU regulatory policies for GM foods and crops failed to be resilient when the institutional and normative context shifted.
Canadian Journal of Political Science, 2015
Australian Journal of Political Science, 1995
... Melbourne. Page 2. WILLIAM D. COLEMAN & GRACE SKOGSTAD 243 system ... challenged. New... more ... Melbourne. Page 2. WILLIAM D. COLEMAN & GRACE SKOGSTAD 243 system ... challenged. New trade agreements geared to liberalising markets have been signed in North America, Europe, and under the auspices of the GATT. A ...
Journal of European Public Policy, 2003
... Without neglecting the continuing importance and scope for output legiti-macy, the discussion... more ... Without neglecting the continuing importance and scope for output legiti-macy, the discussion which follows addresses the significance of input legiti-mation in EU-level regulatory governing and its consequences for effective problem-solving. ...
Journal of European Integration, 2009
The Common Agricultural Policy: Continuity and Change is a major retrospective analysis of the CA... more The Common Agricultural Policy: Continuity and Change is a major retrospective analysis of the CAP since its inception, set against the background of agricultural policy in Western Europe since the end of the Second World War. The topics covered include the development of the CAP, in particular the early dominance of the market policy contrary to the original intention; the struggle to introduce a structural policy and its subsequent unsatisfactory record; the uneasy relationship between market policy and trade policy; the question of agricultural incomes; and the broadening of policy horizons since the mid-1980s, particularly to include environmental issues. The book concludes with a discussion of some unresolved issues, including the role and appropriateness of a sectoral policy in today's circumstances.
JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 2001
... It also draws on GATT(1990a, b, c, d). Page 10. 494 © Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2001GRACE SKOG... more ... It also draws on GATT(1990a, b, c, d). Page 10. 494 © Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2001GRACE SKOGSTAD within a Working Group that was part of the overall Negotiating Group on Agriculture during the Uruguay Round of GATT. ...
JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 2011
This article investigates the EU's regulation of GMOs (genetically modified organisms) to argue t... more This article investigates the EU's regulation of GMOs (genetically modified organisms) to argue the potential for difficult-to-reconcile conflicts to arise between the internal accountability standards of Member State citizens and external accountability obligations to fellow WTO (World Trade Organization) members. Tracing the internal-external accountability conflicts to the distinct EU-WTO political cultures of GMO risk regulation, the article documents EU decision-makers' attempts to reconcile internal and external accountability claims in the redesign of the EU GMO regulatory framework and the continuing internal and external controversy that surrounds its implementation.
Governance, 1998
The differing trajectory of agricultural policy reforms in the 1990s in the world's two most impo... more The differing trajectory of agricultural policy reforms in the 1990s in the world's two most important agricultural powers, the United States and the European Community/Union (EC/EU), can only be fully understood by appreciating the role that ideas play in policy outcomes. The idea of agricultural exceptionalism underwrote a paradigm of state assistance in the US and the EC/EU. By the mid-1980s, the state assistance paradigm was under stress, and subject to a number of anomalies in both the US and the EC. But while the paradigm was overthrown and replaced with a market liberal model in the US grain sector in the 1990s, it remained intact in the European Union. Explaining why agricultural exceptionalism and the state assistance paradigm has endured in the EU while it has withered in the US highlights three factors: the importance of the political institutional framework in locking in-or not-policy principles and instruments; the degree of fit of a sectoral policy paradigm with the broader societal ideational framework regarding appropriate relations between the state, the market, and the individual; and the capacity of a paradigm to adjust in the face of challenges and anomalies.
Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, 1998
... 34 Grace Skogstad odds, but put its negotiators in a virtually untenable position. As measure... more ... 34 Grace Skogstad odds, but put its negotiators in a virtually untenable position. As measured in terms of the gap between the professed goal and the GATT outcome, the terms Canada negotiated for the sectors of Quebec agri-culture most directly impacted by international ...
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000
American Political Science Review, 2002
Page 1. American Political Science Review Vol. 96, No. 1 March 2002 BOOK REVIEWS Political Theory... more Page 1. American Political Science Review Vol. 96, No. 1 March 2002 BOOK REVIEWS Political Theory The Future of Teledemocracy. By Ted Becker and Christa Daryl Slaton. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2000. 248p. 65.00cloth,65.00 cloth, 65.00cloth,24.95 paper. ...
The Global Promise of Federalism 2013 Isbn 9781442626478 Pags 3 16, 2013
Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie, 2008
Le but de cette recherche est de dCmontrer les liens directs entre I'activitC de protestation des... more Le but de cette recherche est de dCmontrer les liens directs entre I'activitC de protestation des fermiers individus de ]'Alberta et le mkcontentement Cconomique, les croyances populaires et I'aliCnation politique.
Global Governance, 2001
... Grace Skogstad 301 protect the lives of humans, plants, or animals "from risks arisi... more ... Grace Skogstad 301 protect the lives of humans, plants, or animals "from risks arising from additives, contaminants, toxins or disease-carrying organisms in foods, beverages or feedstuffs."20 Like its predecessor, GATT Article XX, the SPS Agreement recognizes that countries ...
The regulation of genetically modified organisms in the EU has become embroiled in a tension betw... more The regulation of genetically modified organisms in the EU has become embroiled in a tension between agency and fiduciary principles of delegated authority and the alternate understandings of political accountability they imply. Fiduciary principles have gained the upper hand in a regulatory process expected to legitimize GMO risk regulation by respecting agency principles of delegated authority. Amidst continuing scientific debate and uncertainty about the environmental safety of GM crops, the EU's precautionary political culture of risk regulation adds to the controversy of relying on non-majoritarian bodies to regulate GMO risks. Albeit contentious, the fiduciary model of regulation is compatible with the external accountability commitments of EU member states not only to EU law but also to fellow WTO signatories. The incentives, and indeed imperatives, to embrace fiduciary principles of authoritative decision-making explain why the European Commission is exercising its legal authority to authorize some GMOs on the advice of its scientific advisors but without the support of a qualified majority of member states
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 1350176032000085333, Feb 4, 2011
ABSTRACT The article examines the legitimation imperatives of EU-level regulatory governing, the ... more ABSTRACT The article examines the legitimation imperatives of EU-level regulatory governing, the institutional capacity to respond to these imperatives, and the resulting implications for policy effectiveness. It argues that both output and input legitimacy are necessary for authoritative supra-state regulation in certain policy domains. To secure both democratic legitimation and effective policy-making, input legitimation mechanisms should function as integrative rather than aggregative institutions. In a case study of formulation of EU genetic engineering policies, the structural attributes of network governance and features of the policy domain are shown to affect the potential of network governance as an integrative institution.
Canadian Political Science Review, Jun 29, 2007
Policy and Society, 2004
The article offers an explanation of the distinct trajectories of policy development of the Ameri... more The article offers an explanation of the distinct trajectories of policy development of the American and European Union regulatory regimes for genetically modified foods and crops. The permissive American regulatory regime has been resilient; the rigorous EU regime, much less so. The account of policy development and policy resilience directs attention to the foundational ideas and material legacies of regulatory policies at an early critical juncture of their development, and the distinct mechanisms of reproduction that resulted. It argues that the constitutive ideas of US policies for GM crops and foods, and the material coalitions these ideas induced, created power and functionalist mechanisms of reproduction that have stabilised policies and limited reforms to incremental adaptations. By contrast, the initial critical juncture of EU policy development resulted in core ideational principles that relied on different functional and legitimation logics. Their material (power) base much weaker, early EU regulatory policies for GM foods and crops failed to be resilient when the institutional and normative context shifted.
Canadian Journal of Political Science, 2015
Australian Journal of Political Science, 1995
... Melbourne. Page 2. WILLIAM D. COLEMAN & GRACE SKOGSTAD 243 system ... challenged. New... more ... Melbourne. Page 2. WILLIAM D. COLEMAN & GRACE SKOGSTAD 243 system ... challenged. New trade agreements geared to liberalising markets have been signed in North America, Europe, and under the auspices of the GATT. A ...
Journal of European Public Policy, 2003
... Without neglecting the continuing importance and scope for output legiti-macy, the discussion... more ... Without neglecting the continuing importance and scope for output legiti-macy, the discussion which follows addresses the significance of input legiti-mation in EU-level regulatory governing and its consequences for effective problem-solving. ...
Journal of European Integration, 2009
The Common Agricultural Policy: Continuity and Change is a major retrospective analysis of the CA... more The Common Agricultural Policy: Continuity and Change is a major retrospective analysis of the CAP since its inception, set against the background of agricultural policy in Western Europe since the end of the Second World War. The topics covered include the development of the CAP, in particular the early dominance of the market policy contrary to the original intention; the struggle to introduce a structural policy and its subsequent unsatisfactory record; the uneasy relationship between market policy and trade policy; the question of agricultural incomes; and the broadening of policy horizons since the mid-1980s, particularly to include environmental issues. The book concludes with a discussion of some unresolved issues, including the role and appropriateness of a sectoral policy in today's circumstances.
JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 2001
... It also draws on GATT(1990a, b, c, d). Page 10. 494 © Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2001GRACE SKOG... more ... It also draws on GATT(1990a, b, c, d). Page 10. 494 © Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2001GRACE SKOGSTAD within a Working Group that was part of the overall Negotiating Group on Agriculture during the Uruguay Round of GATT. ...
JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 2011
This article investigates the EU's regulation of GMOs (genetically modified organisms) to argue t... more This article investigates the EU's regulation of GMOs (genetically modified organisms) to argue the potential for difficult-to-reconcile conflicts to arise between the internal accountability standards of Member State citizens and external accountability obligations to fellow WTO (World Trade Organization) members. Tracing the internal-external accountability conflicts to the distinct EU-WTO political cultures of GMO risk regulation, the article documents EU decision-makers' attempts to reconcile internal and external accountability claims in the redesign of the EU GMO regulatory framework and the continuing internal and external controversy that surrounds its implementation.
Governance, 1998
The differing trajectory of agricultural policy reforms in the 1990s in the world's two most impo... more The differing trajectory of agricultural policy reforms in the 1990s in the world's two most important agricultural powers, the United States and the European Community/Union (EC/EU), can only be fully understood by appreciating the role that ideas play in policy outcomes. The idea of agricultural exceptionalism underwrote a paradigm of state assistance in the US and the EC/EU. By the mid-1980s, the state assistance paradigm was under stress, and subject to a number of anomalies in both the US and the EC. But while the paradigm was overthrown and replaced with a market liberal model in the US grain sector in the 1990s, it remained intact in the European Union. Explaining why agricultural exceptionalism and the state assistance paradigm has endured in the EU while it has withered in the US highlights three factors: the importance of the political institutional framework in locking in-or not-policy principles and instruments; the degree of fit of a sectoral policy paradigm with the broader societal ideational framework regarding appropriate relations between the state, the market, and the individual; and the capacity of a paradigm to adjust in the face of challenges and anomalies.
Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, 1998
... 34 Grace Skogstad odds, but put its negotiators in a virtually untenable position. As measure... more ... 34 Grace Skogstad odds, but put its negotiators in a virtually untenable position. As measured in terms of the gap between the professed goal and the GATT outcome, the terms Canada negotiated for the sectors of Quebec agri-culture most directly impacted by international ...
This paper contributes to our understanding of why delegitimising focusing events, combined with ... more This paper contributes to our understanding of why delegitimising focusing events, combined with the mobilisation of policy losers, does not always result in major policy change by undermining a monopolistic policy image and policy subsystem. Based on a close enquiry of American biofuel policy development, it argues that we can make headway in this endeavour by focusing on three factors: first, the congruence of a policy image with core values of the polity; second, the multidimensionality of a policy image; and third, policy image management strategies that maintain cohesion among coalition supporters and respond to outside criticism. In understanding better why some policy images (and policy monopolies) prove resilient when they come under assault, this paper offers a single case plausibility probe supported by indicative evidence from other policy studies.