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Papers by Grant Matthews
Proceedings of SPIE, Aug 18, 2005
It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such me... more It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such measurements require broadband radiance detectors such as bolometers or thermopiles that rely on the conversion of radiant energy into heat. This heat conversion/conduction ...
Proceedings of SPIE, Aug 18, 2005
Cloud's and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation into the role... more Cloud's and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation into the role of clouds and radiation in the Earth's climate system. Four CERES scanning thermistor bolometer instruments are currently in orbit. Flight model 1 (FM1) and 2 (FM2) are aboard the Earth Observing ...
Remote Sensing, May 24, 2022
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2021
Better predictions of global warming can be enabled by tuning legacy and current computer simulat... more Better predictions of global warming can be enabled by tuning legacy and current computer simulations to Earth radiation budget (ERB) measurements. Since the 1970s, such orbital results exist, and the next-generation instruments such as one called “Libera” are in production. Climate communities have requested that new ERB observing system missions like these have calibration accuracy obtaining significantly improved calibration SI traceability and stability. This is to prevent untracked instrument calibration drifts that could lead to false conclusions on climate change. Based on experience from previous ERB missions, the alternative concept presented here utilizes directly viewing solar calibration, for cloud-size Earth measurement resolution at <1% accuracy. However, it neglects complex already used calibration technology like solar diffusers and onboard lights, allowing new lower cost/risk unconsidered spectral characterizing concepts to be introduced for today’s technology. A...
In order to best detect real changes in the Earth's climate system it is estimated that space... more In order to best detect real changes in the Earth's climate system it is estimated that space based instrumentation measuring the global Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) must remain calibrated with a stability of 0.3% per decade. This level of stability is beyond the specified accuracy of existing ERB programs such as the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES, using three broadband radiometric scanning channels: the shortwave (SW 0.3 - 5?m), total (0.3 - >100 micron), and window (8 - 12 micron)). When in low earth orbit, it has been shown that optical response to blue-UV radiance can be reduced significantly (> 3%) due to UV hardened contaminants deposited on the surface of the optics. Evidence suggests that exposure of telescope optics to the forward looking ram direction is the primary cause of this contamination build up. With typical onboard calibration lamps emitting very low energy in the blue-UV region, this darkening is not directly measurable using s...
Geophysical Research Letters
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is to compare and constrai... more Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is to compare and constrain simulations with worldwide satellite measurements of the Earth radiation budget (ERB) short- and longwave radiant fluxes (SW and LW), which drive climate processes. Recent calls to ensure orbital ERB measurements track true climate, rather than instrument changes, led to the creation of the Moon and Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (MERBE). This independent project is recalibrating multiple existing ERB devices from different international space agencies so they adhere to common SI-traceable radiometric standards, by regularly sampling the unaltering constants of lunar reflectivity/emissivity, thus ensuring no artificial trends exist. This work details the use of MODTRAN to give an instantaneous SW and LW Earth spectrum for all scenes viewed by devices in the project, to then be used with instrument spectral responses for unfiltering radiances. In the majority of cases when data from ...
Proceedings of SPIE, Aug 18, 2005
It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such me... more It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such measurements require broadband radiance detectors such as bolometers or thermopiles that rely on the conversion of radiant energy into heat. This heat conversion/conduction ...
Proceedings of SPIE, Aug 18, 2005
Cloud's and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation into the role... more Cloud's and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation into the role of clouds and radiation in the Earth's climate system. Four CERES scanning thermistor bolometer instruments are currently in orbit. Flight model 1 (FM1) and 2 (FM2) are aboard the Earth Observing ...
Remote Sensing, May 24, 2022
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2021
Better predictions of global warming can be enabled by tuning legacy and current computer simulat... more Better predictions of global warming can be enabled by tuning legacy and current computer simulations to Earth radiation budget (ERB) measurements. Since the 1970s, such orbital results exist, and the next-generation instruments such as one called “Libera” are in production. Climate communities have requested that new ERB observing system missions like these have calibration accuracy obtaining significantly improved calibration SI traceability and stability. This is to prevent untracked instrument calibration drifts that could lead to false conclusions on climate change. Based on experience from previous ERB missions, the alternative concept presented here utilizes directly viewing solar calibration, for cloud-size Earth measurement resolution at <1% accuracy. However, it neglects complex already used calibration technology like solar diffusers and onboard lights, allowing new lower cost/risk unconsidered spectral characterizing concepts to be introduced for today’s technology. A...
In order to best detect real changes in the Earth's climate system it is estimated that space... more In order to best detect real changes in the Earth's climate system it is estimated that space based instrumentation measuring the global Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) must remain calibrated with a stability of 0.3% per decade. This level of stability is beyond the specified accuracy of existing ERB programs such as the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES, using three broadband radiometric scanning channels: the shortwave (SW 0.3 - 5?m), total (0.3 - >100 micron), and window (8 - 12 micron)). When in low earth orbit, it has been shown that optical response to blue-UV radiance can be reduced significantly (> 3%) due to UV hardened contaminants deposited on the surface of the optics. Evidence suggests that exposure of telescope optics to the forward looking ram direction is the primary cause of this contamination build up. With typical onboard calibration lamps emitting very low energy in the blue-UV region, this darkening is not directly measurable using s...
Geophysical Research Letters
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is to compare and constrai... more Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is to compare and constrain simulations with worldwide satellite measurements of the Earth radiation budget (ERB) short- and longwave radiant fluxes (SW and LW), which drive climate processes. Recent calls to ensure orbital ERB measurements track true climate, rather than instrument changes, led to the creation of the Moon and Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (MERBE). This independent project is recalibrating multiple existing ERB devices from different international space agencies so they adhere to common SI-traceable radiometric standards, by regularly sampling the unaltering constants of lunar reflectivity/emissivity, thus ensuring no artificial trends exist. This work details the use of MODTRAN to give an instantaneous SW and LW Earth spectrum for all scenes viewed by devices in the project, to then be used with instrument spectral responses for unfiltering radiances. In the majority of cases when data from ...