Grant Matthews - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Grant Matthews

Research paper thumbnail of Z-domain numerical filter for removal of thermistor bolometer slow mode transients

Z-domain numerical filter for removal of thermistor bolometer slow mode transients

Proceedings of SPIE, Aug 18, 2005

It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such me... more It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such measurements require broadband radiance detectors such as bolometers or thermopiles that rely on the conversion of radiant energy into heat. This heat conversion/conduction ...

Research paper thumbnail of Compensation for spectral darkening of short wave optics occurring on the cloud's and the Earth's radiant energy system

Compensation for spectral darkening of short wave optics occurring on the cloud's and the Earth's radiant energy system

Proceedings of SPIE, Aug 18, 2005

Cloud's and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation into the role... more Cloud's and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation into the role of clouds and radiation in the Earth's climate system. Four CERES scanning thermistor bolometer instruments are currently in orbit. Flight model 1 (FM1) and 2 (FM2) are aboard the Earth Observing ...

Research paper thumbnail of Development and Implementation of a Comprehensive Radiometric Validation Protocol for the CERES Earth Radiation Budget Climate Record Sensors

Purpose. A quality initiative to improve the management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)... more Purpose. A quality initiative to improve the management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) at an academic medical center, including the development of guidelines on the use of direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), is described. Summary. In keeping with the Joint Commission's National Patient Safety Goal (NPSG) for anticoagulant therapy (goal 03.05.01), a multidisciplinary working group conducted a needs assessment to identify areas for improvement in the center's HIT management practices, particularly the use of DTI therapy (an issue not specifically addressed by NPSG 03.05.01). The resulting action steps included (1) the implementation of a detailed protocol for the recognition and management of HIT, as well as guidelines on the use of the DTIs argatroban and lepirudin, (2) more efficient use and optimized documentation of initial and confirmatory tests in the electronic medical record (EMR), and (3) the education of pharmacists, nurses, and physicians on the use of the HIT protocol, with initial and ongoing case-based competency testing of pharmacy staff. Early

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Fourier Transforms and Auto-correlation to Identify Column Integrated CO2 Mixing Ratio from a Continuous Wave Lidar System for the ASCENDS Mission

This document is not subject to the controls of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (IT... more This document is not subject to the controls of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) or the Export Administration Regulations (EAR).

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Fourier Transforms and Auto-correlation to Identify Column Integrated CO2 Mixing Ratio from a Continuous Wave Lidar System for the ASCENDS Mission

This document is not subject to the controls of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (IT... more This document is not subject to the controls of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) or the Export Administration Regulations (EAR).

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Terra/Aqua MODIS and Deep Convective Cloud Albedo Solar Calibration Accuracies and Stabilities Using Lunar Calibrated MERBE Results

Remote Sensing, May 24, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Use of a Fourier Lockin CW Waveform for the ASCENDS Mission

Use of a Fourier Lockin CW Waveform for the ASCENDS Mission

Research paper thumbnail of Direct Solar Viewing Calibration Concept for Future CERES-, GERB-, or Libera-Type Earth Orbital Climate Missions

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2021

Better predictions of global warming can be enabled by tuning legacy and current computer simulat... more Better predictions of global warming can be enabled by tuning legacy and current computer simulations to Earth radiation budget (ERB) measurements. Since the 1970s, such orbital results exist, and the next-generation instruments such as one called “Libera” are in production. Climate communities have requested that new ERB observing system missions like these have calibration accuracy obtaining significantly improved calibration SI traceability and stability. This is to prevent untracked instrument calibration drifts that could lead to false conclusions on climate change. Based on experience from previous ERB missions, the alternative concept presented here utilizes directly viewing solar calibration, for cloud-size Earth measurement resolution at <1% accuracy. However, it neglects complex already used calibration technology like solar diffusers and onboard lights, allowing new lower cost/risk unconsidered spectral characterizing concepts to be introduced for today’s technology. A...

Research paper thumbnail of The Moon & Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (MERBE)

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of RAM Exposure on a Low Earth Orbit BroadBand Radiometer (BBR): CERES Experience and Implications for EarthCARE

In order to best detect real changes in the Earth's climate system it is estimated that space... more In order to best detect real changes in the Earth's climate system it is estimated that space based instrumentation measuring the global Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) must remain calibrated with a stability of 0.3% per decade. This level of stability is beyond the specified accuracy of existing ERB programs such as the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES, using three broadband radiometric scanning channels: the shortwave (SW 0.3 - 5?m), total (0.3 - >100 micron), and window (8 - 12 micron)). When in low earth orbit, it has been shown that optical response to blue-UV radiance can be reduced significantly (> 3%) due to UV hardened contaminants deposited on the surface of the optics. Evidence suggests that exposure of telescope optics to the forward looking ram direction is the primary cause of this contamination build up. With typical onboard calibration lamps emitting very low energy in the blue-UV region, this darkening is not directly measurable using s...

Research paper thumbnail of The geostationary earth radiation budget project

This paper reports on a new satellite sensor, the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) exp... more This paper reports on a new satellite sensor, the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) experiment. GERB is designed to make the first measurements of the Earth's radiation budget from geostationary orbit. Measurements at high absolute accuracy of the reflected sunlight from the Earth, and the thermal radiation emitted by the Earth are made every 15 minutes, with a spatial resolution at the sub-satellite point of 44.6 km (N-S) by 39.3 km (E-W). With knowledge of the incoming solar constant, this gives the primary forcing and response components of the top of atmosphere radiation. The first GERB instrument is an instrument of opportunity on Meteosat-8, a new spin-stabilised spacecraft platform also carrying the Scanning Enhanced Visible and Infrared (SEVIRI) sensor which is currently positioned over the equator at 3.5ºW. This overview of the project includes a description of the instrument design and its pre-flight and in-flight calibration. An evaluation of the instrument performance after its first year in orbit, including comparisons with data from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) satellite sensors, and with output from numerical models are also presented. After a brief summary of the data processing system and data products, some of the scientific studies which are being undertaken using these early data are described. This marks the beginning of a decade or more of observations from GERB, as subsequent models will fly on each of the four Meteosat Second Generation satellites. Capsule A new satellite instrument, GERB, is now operating on the European Meteosat-8 spacecraft, making unique, accurate, high time resolution measurements of the Earth's radiation budget from geostationary orbit, for atmospheric physics and climate studies.

Research paper thumbnail of NASA CERES Spurious Calibration Drifts Corrected by Lunar Scans to Show the Sun Is not Increasing Global Warming and Allow Immediate CRF Detection

NASA CERES Spurious Calibration Drifts Corrected by Lunar Scans to Show the Sun Is not Increasing Global Warming and Allow Immediate CRF Detection

Geophysical Research Letters

Research paper thumbnail of Signal Processing Enhancements to Improve Instantaneous Accuracy of a Scanning Bolometer: Application to MERBE

Signal Processing Enhancements to Improve Instantaneous Accuracy of a Scanning Bolometer: Application to MERBE

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Research paper thumbnail of Real-Time Determination of Earth Radiation Budget Spectral Signatures for Nonlinear Unfiltering of Results from MERBE

Real-Time Determination of Earth Radiation Budget Spectral Signatures for Nonlinear Unfiltering of Results from MERBE

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is to compare and constrai... more Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is to compare and constrain simulations with worldwide satellite measurements of the Earth radiation budget (ERB) short- and longwave radiant fluxes (SW and LW), which drive climate processes. Recent calls to ensure orbital ERB measurements track true climate, rather than instrument changes, led to the creation of the Moon and Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (MERBE). This independent project is recalibrating multiple existing ERB devices from different international space agencies so they adhere to common SI-traceable radiometric standards, by regularly sampling the unaltering constants of lunar reflectivity/emissivity, thus ensuring no artificial trends exist. This work details the use of MODTRAN to give an instantaneous SW and LW Earth spectrum for all scenes viewed by devices in the project, to then be used with instrument spectral responses for unfiltering radiances. In the majority of cases when data from ...

Research paper thumbnail of First decadal lunar results from the Moon and Earth Radiation Budget Experiment

First decadal lunar results from the Moon and Earth Radiation Budget Experiment

Applied Optics

Research paper thumbnail of Narrowband solar calibration system for a radiometric system

Narrowband solar calibration system for a radiometric system

Research paper thumbnail of Method of calibrating earth, lunar and solar spectrometers

Method of calibrating earth, lunar and solar spectrometers

Research paper thumbnail of Stepped chirp lidar system and method

Stepped chirp lidar system and method

Research paper thumbnail of Calibration optic for a solar/earth spectrometer

Calibration optic for a solar/earth spectrometer

Research paper thumbnail of Recursive Bessel filter for stray light corrections in an imager

Recursive Bessel filter for stray light corrections in an imager

Research paper thumbnail of Z-domain numerical filter for removal of thermistor bolometer slow mode transients

Z-domain numerical filter for removal of thermistor bolometer slow mode transients

Proceedings of SPIE, Aug 18, 2005

It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such me... more It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such measurements require broadband radiance detectors such as bolometers or thermopiles that rely on the conversion of radiant energy into heat. This heat conversion/conduction ...

Research paper thumbnail of Compensation for spectral darkening of short wave optics occurring on the cloud's and the Earth's radiant energy system

Compensation for spectral darkening of short wave optics occurring on the cloud's and the Earth's radiant energy system

Proceedings of SPIE, Aug 18, 2005

Cloud's and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation into the role... more Cloud's and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation into the role of clouds and radiation in the Earth's climate system. Four CERES scanning thermistor bolometer instruments are currently in orbit. Flight model 1 (FM1) and 2 (FM2) are aboard the Earth Observing ...

Research paper thumbnail of Development and Implementation of a Comprehensive Radiometric Validation Protocol for the CERES Earth Radiation Budget Climate Record Sensors

Purpose. A quality initiative to improve the management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)... more Purpose. A quality initiative to improve the management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) at an academic medical center, including the development of guidelines on the use of direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), is described. Summary. In keeping with the Joint Commission's National Patient Safety Goal (NPSG) for anticoagulant therapy (goal 03.05.01), a multidisciplinary working group conducted a needs assessment to identify areas for improvement in the center's HIT management practices, particularly the use of DTI therapy (an issue not specifically addressed by NPSG 03.05.01). The resulting action steps included (1) the implementation of a detailed protocol for the recognition and management of HIT, as well as guidelines on the use of the DTIs argatroban and lepirudin, (2) more efficient use and optimized documentation of initial and confirmatory tests in the electronic medical record (EMR), and (3) the education of pharmacists, nurses, and physicians on the use of the HIT protocol, with initial and ongoing case-based competency testing of pharmacy staff. Early

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Fourier Transforms and Auto-correlation to Identify Column Integrated CO2 Mixing Ratio from a Continuous Wave Lidar System for the ASCENDS Mission

This document is not subject to the controls of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (IT... more This document is not subject to the controls of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) or the Export Administration Regulations (EAR).

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Fourier Transforms and Auto-correlation to Identify Column Integrated CO2 Mixing Ratio from a Continuous Wave Lidar System for the ASCENDS Mission

This document is not subject to the controls of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (IT... more This document is not subject to the controls of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) or the Export Administration Regulations (EAR).

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Terra/Aqua MODIS and Deep Convective Cloud Albedo Solar Calibration Accuracies and Stabilities Using Lunar Calibrated MERBE Results

Remote Sensing, May 24, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of Use of a Fourier Lockin CW Waveform for the ASCENDS Mission

Use of a Fourier Lockin CW Waveform for the ASCENDS Mission

Research paper thumbnail of Direct Solar Viewing Calibration Concept for Future CERES-, GERB-, or Libera-Type Earth Orbital Climate Missions

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2021

Better predictions of global warming can be enabled by tuning legacy and current computer simulat... more Better predictions of global warming can be enabled by tuning legacy and current computer simulations to Earth radiation budget (ERB) measurements. Since the 1970s, such orbital results exist, and the next-generation instruments such as one called “Libera” are in production. Climate communities have requested that new ERB observing system missions like these have calibration accuracy obtaining significantly improved calibration SI traceability and stability. This is to prevent untracked instrument calibration drifts that could lead to false conclusions on climate change. Based on experience from previous ERB missions, the alternative concept presented here utilizes directly viewing solar calibration, for cloud-size Earth measurement resolution at <1% accuracy. However, it neglects complex already used calibration technology like solar diffusers and onboard lights, allowing new lower cost/risk unconsidered spectral characterizing concepts to be introduced for today’s technology. A...

Research paper thumbnail of The Moon & Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (MERBE)

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of RAM Exposure on a Low Earth Orbit BroadBand Radiometer (BBR): CERES Experience and Implications for EarthCARE

In order to best detect real changes in the Earth's climate system it is estimated that space... more In order to best detect real changes in the Earth's climate system it is estimated that space based instrumentation measuring the global Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) must remain calibrated with a stability of 0.3% per decade. This level of stability is beyond the specified accuracy of existing ERB programs such as the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES, using three broadband radiometric scanning channels: the shortwave (SW 0.3 - 5?m), total (0.3 - >100 micron), and window (8 - 12 micron)). When in low earth orbit, it has been shown that optical response to blue-UV radiance can be reduced significantly (> 3%) due to UV hardened contaminants deposited on the surface of the optics. Evidence suggests that exposure of telescope optics to the forward looking ram direction is the primary cause of this contamination build up. With typical onboard calibration lamps emitting very low energy in the blue-UV region, this darkening is not directly measurable using s...

Research paper thumbnail of The geostationary earth radiation budget project

This paper reports on a new satellite sensor, the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) exp... more This paper reports on a new satellite sensor, the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) experiment. GERB is designed to make the first measurements of the Earth's radiation budget from geostationary orbit. Measurements at high absolute accuracy of the reflected sunlight from the Earth, and the thermal radiation emitted by the Earth are made every 15 minutes, with a spatial resolution at the sub-satellite point of 44.6 km (N-S) by 39.3 km (E-W). With knowledge of the incoming solar constant, this gives the primary forcing and response components of the top of atmosphere radiation. The first GERB instrument is an instrument of opportunity on Meteosat-8, a new spin-stabilised spacecraft platform also carrying the Scanning Enhanced Visible and Infrared (SEVIRI) sensor which is currently positioned over the equator at 3.5ºW. This overview of the project includes a description of the instrument design and its pre-flight and in-flight calibration. An evaluation of the instrument performance after its first year in orbit, including comparisons with data from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) satellite sensors, and with output from numerical models are also presented. After a brief summary of the data processing system and data products, some of the scientific studies which are being undertaken using these early data are described. This marks the beginning of a decade or more of observations from GERB, as subsequent models will fly on each of the four Meteosat Second Generation satellites. Capsule A new satellite instrument, GERB, is now operating on the European Meteosat-8 spacecraft, making unique, accurate, high time resolution measurements of the Earth's radiation budget from geostationary orbit, for atmospheric physics and climate studies.

Research paper thumbnail of NASA CERES Spurious Calibration Drifts Corrected by Lunar Scans to Show the Sun Is not Increasing Global Warming and Allow Immediate CRF Detection

NASA CERES Spurious Calibration Drifts Corrected by Lunar Scans to Show the Sun Is not Increasing Global Warming and Allow Immediate CRF Detection

Geophysical Research Letters

Research paper thumbnail of Signal Processing Enhancements to Improve Instantaneous Accuracy of a Scanning Bolometer: Application to MERBE

Signal Processing Enhancements to Improve Instantaneous Accuracy of a Scanning Bolometer: Application to MERBE

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Research paper thumbnail of Real-Time Determination of Earth Radiation Budget Spectral Signatures for Nonlinear Unfiltering of Results from MERBE

Real-Time Determination of Earth Radiation Budget Spectral Signatures for Nonlinear Unfiltering of Results from MERBE

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is to compare and constrai... more Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is to compare and constrain simulations with worldwide satellite measurements of the Earth radiation budget (ERB) short- and longwave radiant fluxes (SW and LW), which drive climate processes. Recent calls to ensure orbital ERB measurements track true climate, rather than instrument changes, led to the creation of the Moon and Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (MERBE). This independent project is recalibrating multiple existing ERB devices from different international space agencies so they adhere to common SI-traceable radiometric standards, by regularly sampling the unaltering constants of lunar reflectivity/emissivity, thus ensuring no artificial trends exist. This work details the use of MODTRAN to give an instantaneous SW and LW Earth spectrum for all scenes viewed by devices in the project, to then be used with instrument spectral responses for unfiltering radiances. In the majority of cases when data from ...

Research paper thumbnail of First decadal lunar results from the Moon and Earth Radiation Budget Experiment

First decadal lunar results from the Moon and Earth Radiation Budget Experiment

Applied Optics

Research paper thumbnail of Narrowband solar calibration system for a radiometric system

Narrowband solar calibration system for a radiometric system

Research paper thumbnail of Method of calibrating earth, lunar and solar spectrometers

Method of calibrating earth, lunar and solar spectrometers

Research paper thumbnail of Stepped chirp lidar system and method

Stepped chirp lidar system and method

Research paper thumbnail of Calibration optic for a solar/earth spectrometer

Calibration optic for a solar/earth spectrometer

Research paper thumbnail of Recursive Bessel filter for stray light corrections in an imager

Recursive Bessel filter for stray light corrections in an imager