Gyula Vida - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Gyula Vida
Foods
Wheat is a well-known source of B vitamins but also contains significant amounts of vitamin E and... more Wheat is a well-known source of B vitamins but also contains significant amounts of vitamin E and related tocols, which have a number of positive health benefits. However, there are no reports on increasing the tocol content of wheat. A prerequisite for increasing the tocol content is the identification of variation in its amount within wheat and related cereals. We therefore determined the tocol content and composition in the grain of 230 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of a diverse biparental wheat population (Mv Toborzó/Tommi), showing variation in the total content from 13.69 to 45.18 μg/g d.m. The total content also showed transgressive segregation in the population. The effect of the genotype on the variance components of tocols was studied, and the broad-sense heritability was calculated to be 0.71. The lines were also grouped based on their tocol content and analyzed for their chemical composition and breadmaking quality. The high heritability value and the wide variation fo...
On-farm comparison of trials based on different plot sizes to help farmers’ wheat cultivar choic
Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica, 2000
Foods
Spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta L.) is an underexploited hexaploid wheat species tha... more Spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta L.) is an underexploited hexaploid wheat species that has become an increasingly fashionable raw material of bakery products in the last decades, partly because of its ability to grow under organic agricultural conditions and partly because of the growing number of people following the trend of having a healthy diet. However, due to its difficult threshing, most research on spelt seed is based on a very limited number of genotypes. Therefore, we determined the physical, compositional, and breadmaking quality traits of 90 spelt genotypes in order to highlight the variation of these properties and to identify possible genetic resources for spelt improvement. The thousand kernel weight of the spelt genotypes ranged between 23.2 and 49.7 g, the protein content between 12.1% and 22.2%, the gluten index between 0.7 and 98.8, the dough stability between 0.0 and 19.6 min, and the starch damage between 6.3 and 19.4 UCD value. The average values sh...
ABSTRACT A number of old Hungarian wheat varieties are maintained in the institute gene bank. The... more ABSTRACT A number of old Hungarian wheat varieties are maintained in the institute gene bank. The analysis of lines developed from these populations has shown that, like landraces, the old varieties were genetically heterogeneous. It has been observed that line BKT9086, developed from the variety Bankuti 1201, has Fusarium resistance vying with that of known resistance sources, though the genetic background of this resistance differs from that described for Sumai 3 and its derivatives. In this study it proved possible to identify the presence of as yet unknown genetic factors.
Sustainability, 2022
The intensity and the frequency of extreme drought are increasing worldwide. An elevated atmosphe... more The intensity and the frequency of extreme drought are increasing worldwide. An elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration could counterbalance the negative impacts of water shortage; however, wheat genotypes show high variability in terms of CO2 reactions. The development of the root system is a key parameter of abiotic stress resistance. In our study, biomass and grain production, as well as the root growth of three winter-wheat varieties were examined under optimum watering and simulated drought stress in a combination with ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The root growth was monitored by a CI-600 in situ root imager and the photos were analyzed by RootSnap software. As a result of the water shortage, the yield-related parameters decreased, but the most substantial yield reduction was first detected in Mv Karizma. The water shortage influenced the depth of the intensive root development, while under water-limited conditions, the root formation occurred in the deep...
Description of the winter durum wheat (Triticum durum) nursery. Tested within T2.1 in Austria (by... more Description of the winter durum wheat (Triticum durum) nursery. Tested within T2.1 in Austria (by BOKU), Hungary (by MTA-ATK) and Italy (by UNITUS). Results included from the season 2018/19.
Plants, 2021
A detailed study was made of the effect of rainfall, average temperature and hot days on the glut... more A detailed study was made of the effect of rainfall, average temperature and hot days on the gluten index and Minolta b* value of winter durum wheat sown in the field in 16 consecutive crop years (2005–2020). The joint analysis of these two technological quality traits represented a complex (plant–environment–meteorological factors) approach for the identification of durum wheat cultivars carrying an optimum combination of the two traits and for the determination of quality stability. The results of GGE-biplot analysis indicated that the cultivar that had the most favorable combination of the traits was ‘MVP’, while cultivar ‘GKS’ had the best gluten strength and ‘MVH’ the best yellow pigment content. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression between various meteorological factors (rainfall, mean temperature, number of heat days per 10-day period during grain-filling) and the two technological quality traits indicated that the expected value of the quality traits could be reliabl...
Sustainability, 2019
Sustainable agriculture strives for maintaining or even increasing productivity, quality and econ... more Sustainable agriculture strives for maintaining or even increasing productivity, quality and economic viability while leaving a minimal foot print on the environment. To promote sustainability and biodiversity conservation, there is a growing interest in some old wheat species that can achieve better grain yields than the new varieties in marginal soil and/or management conditions. Generally, common wheat is intensively studied but there is still a lack of knowledge of the competitiveness of alternative species such as spelt wheat. The aim is to provide detailed analysis of vegetative, generative and spectral properties of spelt and common wheat grown under different nitrogen fertiliser levels. Our results complement the previous findings and highlight the fact that despite the lodging risk increasing together with the N fertiliser level, spelt wheat is a real alternative to common wheat for low N input production both for low quality and fertile soils. Vitality indices such as flag...
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2018
Key messageSimultaneous improvement of protein content and grain yield by index selection is poss... more Key messageSimultaneous improvement of protein content and grain yield by index selection is possible but its efficiency largely depends on the weighting of the single traits. The genetic architecture of these indices is similar to that of the primary traits.AbstractGrain yield and protein content are of major importance in durum wheat breeding, but their negative correlation has hampered their simultaneous improvement. To account for this in wheat breeding, the grain protein deviation (GPD) and the protein yield were proposed as targets for selection. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of different indices to simultaneously improve grain yield and protein content in durum wheat and to evaluate their genetic architecture towards genomics-assisted breeding. To this end, we investigated two different durum wheat panels comprising 159 and 189 genotypes, which were tested in multiple field locations across Europe and genotyped by a genotyping-by-sequencing approach. The phenotypic analyses revealed significant genetic variances for all traits and heritabilities of the phenotypic indices that were in a similar range as those of grain yield and protein content. The GPD showed a high and positive correlation with protein content, whereas protein yield was highly and positively correlated with grain yield. Thus, selecting for a high GPD would mainly increase the protein content whereas a selection based on protein yield would mainly improve grain yield, but a combination of both indices allows to balance this selection. The genome-wide association mapping revealed a complex genetic architecture for all traits with most QTL having small effects and being detected only in one germplasm set, thus limiting the potential of marker-assisted selection for trait improvement. By contrast, genome-wide prediction appeared promising but its performance strongly depends on the relatedness between training and prediction sets.
Euphytica, 2017
Quality and agronomic performance of 14 winter durum wheat genotypes were examined in Austria, Fr... more Quality and agronomic performance of 14 winter durum wheat genotypes were examined in Austria, France and Hungary for three years. Heading time, wet gluten content, semolina yield and grain protein content are traits that showed genotype-dependent significant differences between the two management systems examined (conventional and organic). Therefore, breeding for these traits could result in specifically adapted genotypes for organic agriculture in different countries. Based on strong or moderately significant correlations between traits, gluten index and plant height could also be specifically selected in an indirect way. The need for environmentally specific selection for grain yield in later generations was also demonstrated. In general, varieties that had the highest performance in a given mega-environment originated from that mega-environment (except for yellow index). This finding provides evidence for the influence of the selection environment, whether it is the management system or the growing region. As the French site fell into a distinct mega-environment, it should be handled separately. The Hungarian site was found to be an ideal test environment for selecting genotypes with high adaptability for most of the quality traits, while the Austrian site could be used in selecting agronomic traits. This was also reflected in the breeding origin of the best winter durum genotypes for each trait. Based on these findings, a partly separate winter durum selection program is recommended for organic and low input agriculture in each country. As a consequence, specific varieties adapted to sub-optimal growing conditions would support the emerging movement towards sustainable farming systems.
Agronomy, 2020
One of the most important limiting factors of high-quality wheat production is Fusarium head blig... more One of the most important limiting factors of high-quality wheat production is Fusarium head blight infection. The various Fusarium species not only may cause severe yield loss but—due to toxin production—the grains also might become unsuitable for animal and human nutrition. In the present research, our aim was to examine the Fusarium resistance of a special mapping population (’BKT9086-95/Mv Magvas’) and identify the genetic factors and chromosome regions determining the tolerance to Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium graminearum. The connection between the genetic background and the Fusarium head blight sensitivity was confirmed by the analysis of variance in the case of three markers, among which the co-dominant pattern of the gtac2 and gtac3 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers might indicate a marker development possibility. Consistently expressed quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified on the chromosomes 2A, 2B, 2D, 5A, and 7A. Loci linked to resistance we...
Sustainability
Field crop production must adapt to the challenges generated by the negative consequences of clim... more Field crop production must adapt to the challenges generated by the negative consequences of climate change. Yield loss caused by abiotic stresses could be counterbalanced by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, but C3 plant species and varieties have significantly different reactions to CO2. To examine the responses of wheat, barley and oat varieties to CO2 enrichment in combination with simulated drought, a model experiment was conducted under controlled environmental conditions. The plants were grown in climate-controlled greenhouse chambers under ambient and enriched (700 ppm and 1000 ppm) CO2 concentrations. Water shortage was induced by discontinuing the irrigation at BBCH stages 21 and 55. Positive CO2 responses were determined in barley, but the CO2-sink ability was low in oats. Reactions of winter wheat to enriched CO2 concentration varied greatly in terms of the yield parameters (spike number and grain yield). The water uptake of all wheat cultivars decreased signific...
Effect of elevated CO2 level (EC) was studied on the tolerance of cereals to elevated temperature... more Effect of elevated CO2 level (EC) was studied on the tolerance of cereals to elevated temperature and drought and on the resistance of wheat to fungal diseases. In general, elevated growth temperature did not affect final grain size, thus having less harmful effects than heat stress or drought during grain-filling. The plants subjected to low water supply levels or elevated temperature had higher biomass and grain yield at EC than at the ambient level. Susceptible wheat varieties were, however, usually more prone to diseases when grown at EC, while resistant varieties remained resistant even at EC.
Foods
Wheat is a well-known source of B vitamins but also contains significant amounts of vitamin E and... more Wheat is a well-known source of B vitamins but also contains significant amounts of vitamin E and related tocols, which have a number of positive health benefits. However, there are no reports on increasing the tocol content of wheat. A prerequisite for increasing the tocol content is the identification of variation in its amount within wheat and related cereals. We therefore determined the tocol content and composition in the grain of 230 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of a diverse biparental wheat population (Mv Toborzó/Tommi), showing variation in the total content from 13.69 to 45.18 μg/g d.m. The total content also showed transgressive segregation in the population. The effect of the genotype on the variance components of tocols was studied, and the broad-sense heritability was calculated to be 0.71. The lines were also grouped based on their tocol content and analyzed for their chemical composition and breadmaking quality. The high heritability value and the wide variation fo...
On-farm comparison of trials based on different plot sizes to help farmers’ wheat cultivar choic
Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica, 2000
Foods
Spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta L.) is an underexploited hexaploid wheat species tha... more Spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta L.) is an underexploited hexaploid wheat species that has become an increasingly fashionable raw material of bakery products in the last decades, partly because of its ability to grow under organic agricultural conditions and partly because of the growing number of people following the trend of having a healthy diet. However, due to its difficult threshing, most research on spelt seed is based on a very limited number of genotypes. Therefore, we determined the physical, compositional, and breadmaking quality traits of 90 spelt genotypes in order to highlight the variation of these properties and to identify possible genetic resources for spelt improvement. The thousand kernel weight of the spelt genotypes ranged between 23.2 and 49.7 g, the protein content between 12.1% and 22.2%, the gluten index between 0.7 and 98.8, the dough stability between 0.0 and 19.6 min, and the starch damage between 6.3 and 19.4 UCD value. The average values sh...
ABSTRACT A number of old Hungarian wheat varieties are maintained in the institute gene bank. The... more ABSTRACT A number of old Hungarian wheat varieties are maintained in the institute gene bank. The analysis of lines developed from these populations has shown that, like landraces, the old varieties were genetically heterogeneous. It has been observed that line BKT9086, developed from the variety Bankuti 1201, has Fusarium resistance vying with that of known resistance sources, though the genetic background of this resistance differs from that described for Sumai 3 and its derivatives. In this study it proved possible to identify the presence of as yet unknown genetic factors.
Sustainability, 2022
The intensity and the frequency of extreme drought are increasing worldwide. An elevated atmosphe... more The intensity and the frequency of extreme drought are increasing worldwide. An elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration could counterbalance the negative impacts of water shortage; however, wheat genotypes show high variability in terms of CO2 reactions. The development of the root system is a key parameter of abiotic stress resistance. In our study, biomass and grain production, as well as the root growth of three winter-wheat varieties were examined under optimum watering and simulated drought stress in a combination with ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The root growth was monitored by a CI-600 in situ root imager and the photos were analyzed by RootSnap software. As a result of the water shortage, the yield-related parameters decreased, but the most substantial yield reduction was first detected in Mv Karizma. The water shortage influenced the depth of the intensive root development, while under water-limited conditions, the root formation occurred in the deep...
Description of the winter durum wheat (Triticum durum) nursery. Tested within T2.1 in Austria (by... more Description of the winter durum wheat (Triticum durum) nursery. Tested within T2.1 in Austria (by BOKU), Hungary (by MTA-ATK) and Italy (by UNITUS). Results included from the season 2018/19.
Plants, 2021
A detailed study was made of the effect of rainfall, average temperature and hot days on the glut... more A detailed study was made of the effect of rainfall, average temperature and hot days on the gluten index and Minolta b* value of winter durum wheat sown in the field in 16 consecutive crop years (2005–2020). The joint analysis of these two technological quality traits represented a complex (plant–environment–meteorological factors) approach for the identification of durum wheat cultivars carrying an optimum combination of the two traits and for the determination of quality stability. The results of GGE-biplot analysis indicated that the cultivar that had the most favorable combination of the traits was ‘MVP’, while cultivar ‘GKS’ had the best gluten strength and ‘MVH’ the best yellow pigment content. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression between various meteorological factors (rainfall, mean temperature, number of heat days per 10-day period during grain-filling) and the two technological quality traits indicated that the expected value of the quality traits could be reliabl...
Sustainability, 2019
Sustainable agriculture strives for maintaining or even increasing productivity, quality and econ... more Sustainable agriculture strives for maintaining or even increasing productivity, quality and economic viability while leaving a minimal foot print on the environment. To promote sustainability and biodiversity conservation, there is a growing interest in some old wheat species that can achieve better grain yields than the new varieties in marginal soil and/or management conditions. Generally, common wheat is intensively studied but there is still a lack of knowledge of the competitiveness of alternative species such as spelt wheat. The aim is to provide detailed analysis of vegetative, generative and spectral properties of spelt and common wheat grown under different nitrogen fertiliser levels. Our results complement the previous findings and highlight the fact that despite the lodging risk increasing together with the N fertiliser level, spelt wheat is a real alternative to common wheat for low N input production both for low quality and fertile soils. Vitality indices such as flag...
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2018
Key messageSimultaneous improvement of protein content and grain yield by index selection is poss... more Key messageSimultaneous improvement of protein content and grain yield by index selection is possible but its efficiency largely depends on the weighting of the single traits. The genetic architecture of these indices is similar to that of the primary traits.AbstractGrain yield and protein content are of major importance in durum wheat breeding, but their negative correlation has hampered their simultaneous improvement. To account for this in wheat breeding, the grain protein deviation (GPD) and the protein yield were proposed as targets for selection. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of different indices to simultaneously improve grain yield and protein content in durum wheat and to evaluate their genetic architecture towards genomics-assisted breeding. To this end, we investigated two different durum wheat panels comprising 159 and 189 genotypes, which were tested in multiple field locations across Europe and genotyped by a genotyping-by-sequencing approach. The phenotypic analyses revealed significant genetic variances for all traits and heritabilities of the phenotypic indices that were in a similar range as those of grain yield and protein content. The GPD showed a high and positive correlation with protein content, whereas protein yield was highly and positively correlated with grain yield. Thus, selecting for a high GPD would mainly increase the protein content whereas a selection based on protein yield would mainly improve grain yield, but a combination of both indices allows to balance this selection. The genome-wide association mapping revealed a complex genetic architecture for all traits with most QTL having small effects and being detected only in one germplasm set, thus limiting the potential of marker-assisted selection for trait improvement. By contrast, genome-wide prediction appeared promising but its performance strongly depends on the relatedness between training and prediction sets.
Euphytica, 2017
Quality and agronomic performance of 14 winter durum wheat genotypes were examined in Austria, Fr... more Quality and agronomic performance of 14 winter durum wheat genotypes were examined in Austria, France and Hungary for three years. Heading time, wet gluten content, semolina yield and grain protein content are traits that showed genotype-dependent significant differences between the two management systems examined (conventional and organic). Therefore, breeding for these traits could result in specifically adapted genotypes for organic agriculture in different countries. Based on strong or moderately significant correlations between traits, gluten index and plant height could also be specifically selected in an indirect way. The need for environmentally specific selection for grain yield in later generations was also demonstrated. In general, varieties that had the highest performance in a given mega-environment originated from that mega-environment (except for yellow index). This finding provides evidence for the influence of the selection environment, whether it is the management system or the growing region. As the French site fell into a distinct mega-environment, it should be handled separately. The Hungarian site was found to be an ideal test environment for selecting genotypes with high adaptability for most of the quality traits, while the Austrian site could be used in selecting agronomic traits. This was also reflected in the breeding origin of the best winter durum genotypes for each trait. Based on these findings, a partly separate winter durum selection program is recommended for organic and low input agriculture in each country. As a consequence, specific varieties adapted to sub-optimal growing conditions would support the emerging movement towards sustainable farming systems.
Agronomy, 2020
One of the most important limiting factors of high-quality wheat production is Fusarium head blig... more One of the most important limiting factors of high-quality wheat production is Fusarium head blight infection. The various Fusarium species not only may cause severe yield loss but—due to toxin production—the grains also might become unsuitable for animal and human nutrition. In the present research, our aim was to examine the Fusarium resistance of a special mapping population (’BKT9086-95/Mv Magvas’) and identify the genetic factors and chromosome regions determining the tolerance to Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium graminearum. The connection between the genetic background and the Fusarium head blight sensitivity was confirmed by the analysis of variance in the case of three markers, among which the co-dominant pattern of the gtac2 and gtac3 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers might indicate a marker development possibility. Consistently expressed quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified on the chromosomes 2A, 2B, 2D, 5A, and 7A. Loci linked to resistance we...
Sustainability
Field crop production must adapt to the challenges generated by the negative consequences of clim... more Field crop production must adapt to the challenges generated by the negative consequences of climate change. Yield loss caused by abiotic stresses could be counterbalanced by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, but C3 plant species and varieties have significantly different reactions to CO2. To examine the responses of wheat, barley and oat varieties to CO2 enrichment in combination with simulated drought, a model experiment was conducted under controlled environmental conditions. The plants were grown in climate-controlled greenhouse chambers under ambient and enriched (700 ppm and 1000 ppm) CO2 concentrations. Water shortage was induced by discontinuing the irrigation at BBCH stages 21 and 55. Positive CO2 responses were determined in barley, but the CO2-sink ability was low in oats. Reactions of winter wheat to enriched CO2 concentration varied greatly in terms of the yield parameters (spike number and grain yield). The water uptake of all wheat cultivars decreased signific...
Effect of elevated CO2 level (EC) was studied on the tolerance of cereals to elevated temperature... more Effect of elevated CO2 level (EC) was studied on the tolerance of cereals to elevated temperature and drought and on the resistance of wheat to fungal diseases. In general, elevated growth temperature did not affect final grain size, thus having less harmful effects than heat stress or drought during grain-filling. The plants subjected to low water supply levels or elevated temperature had higher biomass and grain yield at EC than at the ambient level. Susceptible wheat varieties were, however, usually more prone to diseases when grown at EC, while resistant varieties remained resistant even at EC.