Hedieh Azadmehr - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hedieh Azadmehr
Background: To investigate the predisposing and precipitating risk factors for suicide ideations ... more Background: To investigate the predisposing and precipitating risk factors for suicide ideations and suicide attempts in young and adolescent females, we tried to introduce a holistic model of suicidal behavior in young and adolescent girls. Methods: This study is based on the survey studies and was cross-sectional. Considering high rates of suicide attempts in provinces of Iran, three provinces (Kermanshah, Hamedan, Ilam) which had the highest rates of completed suicide were selected. Then among female high school students (aged 14 to 21 years), in two stages a representative sample was selected by a multi-clusteral and simple randomized sampling methods. The research data were gathered by administering (1) The inventory of predisposing and precipitating factors of suicide, demographic and family characteristics (based on the literature review) (2) Symptom Check List (SCL) 90-R (3) Suicidality Subscale of the Depressive Symptom Index (DSI-SS) (4) Center for Epidemiological Studies (CED-SSI) (5) Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and (6) Child Abuse Self Report Scale (CASRS). Then, subjects were characterized by dividing them in to two categories: at risk, and low risk. The scores of 2 categories were analyzed and discussed. Results: Relationships were found between suicide ideations and psychological problems and disorders (especially depression). Also, the students who reported suicide ideation and suicide attempt had a history of being abused. Based on the results, predisposing and precipitating risk factors and also some protective factors of suicide ideations and suicide attempts were found and a theoretical model was presented. Conclusion: Some predisposing, precipitating and protective factors can predict suicide ideation and suicide attempts significantly.
Palliative and Supportive Care, 2019
ObjectiveDelirium is a common complication in palliative care patients, especially in the termina... more ObjectiveDelirium is a common complication in palliative care patients, especially in the terminal phase of the illness. To date, evidence regarding risk factors and prognostic outcomes of delirium in this vulnerable population remains sparse.MethodIn this prospective observational cohort study at a tertiary care center, 410 palliative care patients were included. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were used to identify associations between predisposing and precipitating factors and delirium in palliative care patients.ResultsThe prevalence of delirium in this palliative care cohort was 55.9% and reached 93% in the terminally ill. Delirium was associated with prolonged hospitalization (p < 0.001), increased care requirements (p < 0.001) and health care costs (p < 0.001), requirement for institutionalization (OR 0.11; CI 0.069–0.171; p < 0.001), and increased mortality (OR 18.29; CI 8.918–37.530; p < 0.001). Predisposing factors for delirium were male gende...
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the modelling of different processes that co... more Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the modelling of different processes that could account for the link between psychopathology, cognitive social and demographic risk factors and enacting assault by husband. Method: This article reports a test using data on 230 males who participated in a family violence survey study. The sample was selected by a multiclustral sampling method from 4 different randomized regions of Tehran. All participants completed Conflict Tactic Scales, Personal and Relationship Profile, Marital Attitude Survey Questionnaire, Symptoms Checklist Inventory, Social and Demographic Measure. Logistics regression was used to estimate spouse abuse model for men. Results: The findings were consistent with the theoretical model. The path from social-demographic, cognitive and psychopathological risk factors to enacting spouse abuse was demonstrated. Conclusion: The implications of the findings for understanding spouse assaults, cognitive, psychopathological, social and demographic differences in male population are discussed.
Rellini, A. (2007). Review of the empirical evidence for a theoretical model to understand the se... more Rellini, A. (2007). Review of the empirical evidence for a theoretical model to understand the sexual problems of women with a history of CSA.
Social Welfare Quarterly, 2006
Abstrac: The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trau-ma... more Abstrac: The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trau-ma Symptom Checklist for Children – TSCC-A. Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3.042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse study in 19 different loca-tions of Tehran and 140 participants who had been referred to the run away children cen-ters in Tehran. After the TSCC was validated on run away and abused children, it was made available to researchers doing larger studies on normative group. Reliability analysis of the TSCC-A scales in the normative sample demonstrated high internal consistency. The evi-dence for its validations (convergent, discriminate and construct validity) showed that they were significantly acceptable. This paper presents data demonstrating the psychometric reliability and validity of the TSCC-A scales in Iranian student population. We suggest to include the TSCC-A in a battery of relevant standardized tests.
How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc... more How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Scientific Information System
The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trau ma Symptom ... more The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trau ma Symptom Checklist for Children-TSCC-A. Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3.042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse study in 19 different locations of Tehran and 140 participants who had been referred to the run away children centers in Tehran. After the TSCC was validat ed on run away and abused children, it was made available to researchers doing larger studies on normative group. Reliability analysis of the TSCC-A scales in the normative sample demonstrated high internal consistency. The evidence for its validations (convergent, discriminate and construct validity) showed that they were significantly acceptable. This paper presents data demonstrating the psychometric reliability and validity of the TSCC-A scales in Iranian student population. We suggest to include the TSCC-A in a battery of relevant standardized tests.
Practice in Clinical Psychology, 2016
Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perfo... more Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perform a factor analysis of McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) in a sample of recovered depressed patients. Methods: Present study was a cross sectional research. Data were obtained from a sample of recovered depressed patients. A total of 354 participants (67 males, 287 females) were assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV disorders (SCID) to ensure their full recovery from their most recent episode of depression. Then, they completed a series of self-report measures, including the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL-8.54 and Cronbach’s alpha using SPSS-16 were done for analyzing data. Results: Descriptive statistics for the MQOL were performed, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the fitness of the hypothesized factor structure. The Cronbach α coefficients were calculated for the questionnaire and its ...
Objective: With the consider of a devastating effects of family violence and consequences, this s... more Objective: With the consider of a devastating effects of family violence and consequences, this study aimed at determining Psychopathology and Personal- Relationship Problems in women who were victim in a family violent relationship. Method: This study was a family violence survey with a cross sectional method. Subjects were selected through a multi-cluster sampling method. At first, 4 regions (2, 5, 12, and 18) of eheran were randomly selected as the main clusters of research, Then Public, entertainment centers and family court of these 4 regions were recognized as the second-rank clusters. Final participants were selected randomly from the above centers (N=230 couples). At first they were interviewed to determine if all the subjects were married, having ability to read and write, living in Teheran at the time of the study and finally having tendency to participate in the study. If the subjects reported any kind of substance abuse at the time of the study or they had apparent psych...
JOURNAL OF …, 2007
Objective: This study aimed at determining psychopathology and personal and relationship problems... more Objective: This study aimed at determining psychopathology and personal and relationship problems in violent husband. Materials & Methods: In this cross - sectional study 230 male were selected through a multi clustral sampling from four different regions of Tehran. Then they ...
Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2009
Background. There is a dearth of scientific data on anal intercourse in heterosexual relationship... more Background. There is a dearth of scientific data on anal intercourse in heterosexual relationships. Likewise, anal sex within marital relationships has yet to be fully explored. Objectives. Among a representative sample of married women in the Iranian capital, Tehran, we aimed to determine the association of self-reported coerced anal sex with: (i) self-reported coerced vaginal sex; (ii) self-reported nonsexual violence; (iii) psychopathology; and (iv) marital attitude. Method. The data presented here were obtained from the Family Violence Survey conducted in Tehran in 2007. A total of 230 married Iranian women were selected via a multi-cluster sampling method from four different randomized regions. The subjects' sociodemographic data, psychological distress (Symptom Check List; SCL-90-R), personality, and relationship characteristics (Personal and Relationships Profile), and marital attitude (Marital Attitude Survey) were gathered. In addition, the participants' self-reported histories of lifetime victimization through all types of violence by the husband, including coerced anal and vaginal sex as well as psychological and physical assault (Conflict Tactic Scales-Revised; CTS-2), were collected. Results. There were associations between self-reported victimization through coerced anal and vaginal sex (P < 0.001), psychological (P < 0.001), and physical aggression (P < 0.001). Those reporting to have been forced into anal intercourse cited higher rates of paranoid and psychotic features, jealousy, attribution of problems to one's own behavior, conflict, and male dominance, as well as lower expectations of improvement in one's marital relationship. Conclusion. In marital relationships, women are at a higher risk of coerced anal sex if subjected to other types of sexual or non-sexual violence. Higher rates of psychopathology and poorer marital relationships are also allied to self-reported anal sexual coercion. Mohammadkhani P, Khooshabi KS, Forouzan AS, Azadmehr H, Assari S, and Lankarani MM. Associations between coerced anal sex and psychopathology, marital distress and non-sexual violence.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate suicide probability in Iranian males with substa... more Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate suicide probability in Iranian males with substance abuse or dependence disorder and to investigate the predictors of suicide probability based on trait mindfulness, reasons for living and severity of general psychiatric symptoms. Method: Participants were 324 individuals with substance abuse or dependence in an outpatient setting and prison. Reasons for living questionnaire, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale and Suicide probability Scale were used as instruments. Sample was selected based on convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. Results: The life-time prevalence of suicide attempt in the outpatient setting was35 % and it was 42 % in the prison setting. Suicide probability in the prison setting was significantly higher than in the outpatient setting (p<0.001). The severity of general symptom strongly correlated with suicide probability. Trait mindfulness, not reasons for living beliefs, had a
Iranian journal of psychiatry, 2015
The aim of this study was to evaluate suicide probability in Iranian males with substance abuse o... more The aim of this study was to evaluate suicide probability in Iranian males with substance abuse or dependence disorder and to investigate the predictors of suicide probability based on trait mindfulness, reasons for living and severity of general psychiatric symptoms. Participants were 324 individuals with substance abuse or dependence in an outpatient setting and prison. Reasons for living questionnaire, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale and Suicide probability Scale were used as instruments. Sample was selected based on convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The life-time prevalence of suicide attempt in the outpatient setting was35% and it was 42% in the prison setting. Suicide probability in the prison setting was significantly higher than in the outpatient setting (p<0.001). The severity of general symptom strongly correlated with suicide probability. Trait mindfulness, not reasons for living beliefs, had a mediating effect in the relationsh...
Practice in Clinical Psychology
Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As... more Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As a result, for those depressed patients to whom sexual desire is important, psychological treatment may be a better intervention. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the possible changes in sexual desire following psychological treatments in depression, when focus of therapy is not on sexual function. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, which was conducted in Tehran, Iran. A total of 281 depressed patients in the remission phase underwent psychological treatments, either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT, n=131) or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT, n=150). The therapy did not focus on any aspect of sexual function. Using a single item measure before and after treatment, sexual desire of the patients was categorized into intact, mild, moderate, or severe decline. A total of 255 participants completed the study questionnaires and were randomly assigned to CBT (122) and MBCT groups (133). Before therapy, 128(50.2%) participants were categorized in intact sexual desire group, 73(28.6%) in mild sexual desire dysfunction group, 40(15.7%) in moderate sexual desire dysfunction group, and 14(5.5%) in severe sexual desire dysfunction group. Logistic regression was used for analyzing the data by SPSS-16. Results: Low sexual desire in depression remission was predicted by age (P<0.001, OR=0.21, CI=0.01-0.03), presence of comorbid anxiety disorder (P<0.04, OR=-0.13, CI=-0.46-0.02), and global assessment of functioning (GAF) (P<0.001, OR=-0.23, CI=-0.03-0.01). Clinical improvement in sexual desire was predicted by the type of intervention (P=0.023, OR=0.351, CI=0.142-0.869) and GAF (P=0.003, OR=0.927, CI=0.881-0.975). Conclusion: CBT might be superior to MBCT in improving sexual desire in patients with depression. Further studies using validated sexual function questionnaires are necessary.
ABSTRACT Perceptual closure is the ability of the brain to recognize a complete object based on f... more ABSTRACT Perceptual closure is the ability of the brain to recognize a complete object based on fragmentary information and has been known to be impaired in schizophrenia. Here, the neural integrity of perceptual closure in schizophrenia with different disease onsets was evaluated by examining the generation of event-related potential (ERP) components (P100, N180, and Ncl). ERPs were recorded from 40 patients (19 early-onset schizophrenia, "EOS" and 21 adult-onset schizophrenia, "AOS") and 40 age-matched healthy volunteers. Brain electric source analysis (BESA) was applied to localize the cerebral generators underlying perceptual closure. Patients showed an impaired generation of Ncl and P100 components. P100 and Ncl amplitudes were significantly reduced in both AOS and EOS (P<0.01). Moreover, N180 and Ncl amplitudes were significantly increased with age in controls and patients (P<0.01). In the case of the Ncl, there was also a significant interaction (P<0.001) between age and group, indicating a greater age-dependent Ncl increase in controls compared to patients. Visual information processing during perceptual closure is impaired in schizophrenia, regardless of age at disease onset. The combined influence of age and group on the amplitude of the Ncl might support the idea of neurodevelopmental deficits in schizophrenia.
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 2013
Perceptual closure is the ability of the brain to recognize a complete object based on fragmentar... more Perceptual closure is the ability of the brain to recognize a complete object based on fragmentary information and has been known to be impaired in schizophrenia. Here, the neural integrity of perceptual closure in schizophrenia with different disease onsets was evaluated by examining the generation of event-related potential (ERP) components (P 100 , N 180 , and N cl). ERPs were recorded from 40 patients (19 early-onset schizophrenia, "EOS" and 21 adult-onset schizophrenia, "AOS") and 40 age-matched healthy volunteers. Brain electric source analysis (BESA) was applied to localize the cerebral generators underlying perceptual closure. Patients showed an impaired generation of N cl and P 100 components. P 100 and N cl amplitudes were significantly reduced in both AOS and EOS (P o 0.01). Moreover, N 180 and N cl amplitudes were significantly increased with age in controls and patients (P o0.01). In the case of the N cl , there was also a significant interaction (P o0.001) between age and group, indicating a greater age-dependent N cl increase in controls compared to patients. Visual information processing during perceptual closure is impaired in schizophrenia, regardless of age at disease onset. The combined influence of age and group on the amplitude of the N cl might support the idea of neurodevelopmental deficits in schizophrenia.
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2008
Introduction It is now widely recognized that relationships be-tween partners in marital, cohabit... more Introduction It is now widely recognized that relationships be-tween partners in marital, cohabiting, and dating relationship are often violent(1-3) . Aggression is an extremely important aspect of psychologi-cal functioning and social life, and one that has profound ...
Psicologia: teoria e …, 2007
The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trauma Symptom C... more The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children–TSCC-A. Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3.042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse study in 19 different ...
Background: The aim of this study was to standardize and assign validity and reliability of the T... more Background: The aim of this study was to standardize and assign validity and reliability of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC-A). Methods: Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse ...
Background: To investigate the predisposing and precipitating risk factors for suicide ideations ... more Background: To investigate the predisposing and precipitating risk factors for suicide ideations and suicide attempts in young and adolescent females, we tried to introduce a holistic model of suicidal behavior in young and adolescent girls. Methods: This study is based on the survey studies and was cross-sectional. Considering high rates of suicide attempts in provinces of Iran, three provinces (Kermanshah, Hamedan, Ilam) which had the highest rates of completed suicide were selected. Then among female high school students (aged 14 to 21 years), in two stages a representative sample was selected by a multi-clusteral and simple randomized sampling methods. The research data were gathered by administering (1) The inventory of predisposing and precipitating factors of suicide, demographic and family characteristics (based on the literature review) (2) Symptom Check List (SCL) 90-R (3) Suicidality Subscale of the Depressive Symptom Index (DSI-SS) (4) Center for Epidemiological Studies (CED-SSI) (5) Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and (6) Child Abuse Self Report Scale (CASRS). Then, subjects were characterized by dividing them in to two categories: at risk, and low risk. The scores of 2 categories were analyzed and discussed. Results: Relationships were found between suicide ideations and psychological problems and disorders (especially depression). Also, the students who reported suicide ideation and suicide attempt had a history of being abused. Based on the results, predisposing and precipitating risk factors and also some protective factors of suicide ideations and suicide attempts were found and a theoretical model was presented. Conclusion: Some predisposing, precipitating and protective factors can predict suicide ideation and suicide attempts significantly.
Palliative and Supportive Care, 2019
ObjectiveDelirium is a common complication in palliative care patients, especially in the termina... more ObjectiveDelirium is a common complication in palliative care patients, especially in the terminal phase of the illness. To date, evidence regarding risk factors and prognostic outcomes of delirium in this vulnerable population remains sparse.MethodIn this prospective observational cohort study at a tertiary care center, 410 palliative care patients were included. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were used to identify associations between predisposing and precipitating factors and delirium in palliative care patients.ResultsThe prevalence of delirium in this palliative care cohort was 55.9% and reached 93% in the terminally ill. Delirium was associated with prolonged hospitalization (p < 0.001), increased care requirements (p < 0.001) and health care costs (p < 0.001), requirement for institutionalization (OR 0.11; CI 0.069–0.171; p < 0.001), and increased mortality (OR 18.29; CI 8.918–37.530; p < 0.001). Predisposing factors for delirium were male gende...
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the modelling of different processes that co... more Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the modelling of different processes that could account for the link between psychopathology, cognitive social and demographic risk factors and enacting assault by husband. Method: This article reports a test using data on 230 males who participated in a family violence survey study. The sample was selected by a multiclustral sampling method from 4 different randomized regions of Tehran. All participants completed Conflict Tactic Scales, Personal and Relationship Profile, Marital Attitude Survey Questionnaire, Symptoms Checklist Inventory, Social and Demographic Measure. Logistics regression was used to estimate spouse abuse model for men. Results: The findings were consistent with the theoretical model. The path from social-demographic, cognitive and psychopathological risk factors to enacting spouse abuse was demonstrated. Conclusion: The implications of the findings for understanding spouse assaults, cognitive, psychopathological, social and demographic differences in male population are discussed.
Rellini, A. (2007). Review of the empirical evidence for a theoretical model to understand the se... more Rellini, A. (2007). Review of the empirical evidence for a theoretical model to understand the sexual problems of women with a history of CSA.
Social Welfare Quarterly, 2006
Abstrac: The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trau-ma... more Abstrac: The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trau-ma Symptom Checklist for Children – TSCC-A. Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3.042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse study in 19 different loca-tions of Tehran and 140 participants who had been referred to the run away children cen-ters in Tehran. After the TSCC was validated on run away and abused children, it was made available to researchers doing larger studies on normative group. Reliability analysis of the TSCC-A scales in the normative sample demonstrated high internal consistency. The evi-dence for its validations (convergent, discriminate and construct validity) showed that they were significantly acceptable. This paper presents data demonstrating the psychometric reliability and validity of the TSCC-A scales in Iranian student population. We suggest to include the TSCC-A in a battery of relevant standardized tests.
How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc... more How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Scientific Information System
The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trau ma Symptom ... more The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trau ma Symptom Checklist for Children-TSCC-A. Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3.042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse study in 19 different locations of Tehran and 140 participants who had been referred to the run away children centers in Tehran. After the TSCC was validat ed on run away and abused children, it was made available to researchers doing larger studies on normative group. Reliability analysis of the TSCC-A scales in the normative sample demonstrated high internal consistency. The evidence for its validations (convergent, discriminate and construct validity) showed that they were significantly acceptable. This paper presents data demonstrating the psychometric reliability and validity of the TSCC-A scales in Iranian student population. We suggest to include the TSCC-A in a battery of relevant standardized tests.
Practice in Clinical Psychology, 2016
Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perfo... more Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perform a factor analysis of McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) in a sample of recovered depressed patients. Methods: Present study was a cross sectional research. Data were obtained from a sample of recovered depressed patients. A total of 354 participants (67 males, 287 females) were assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV disorders (SCID) to ensure their full recovery from their most recent episode of depression. Then, they completed a series of self-report measures, including the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL-8.54 and Cronbach’s alpha using SPSS-16 were done for analyzing data. Results: Descriptive statistics for the MQOL were performed, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the fitness of the hypothesized factor structure. The Cronbach α coefficients were calculated for the questionnaire and its ...
Objective: With the consider of a devastating effects of family violence and consequences, this s... more Objective: With the consider of a devastating effects of family violence and consequences, this study aimed at determining Psychopathology and Personal- Relationship Problems in women who were victim in a family violent relationship. Method: This study was a family violence survey with a cross sectional method. Subjects were selected through a multi-cluster sampling method. At first, 4 regions (2, 5, 12, and 18) of eheran were randomly selected as the main clusters of research, Then Public, entertainment centers and family court of these 4 regions were recognized as the second-rank clusters. Final participants were selected randomly from the above centers (N=230 couples). At first they were interviewed to determine if all the subjects were married, having ability to read and write, living in Teheran at the time of the study and finally having tendency to participate in the study. If the subjects reported any kind of substance abuse at the time of the study or they had apparent psych...
JOURNAL OF …, 2007
Objective: This study aimed at determining psychopathology and personal and relationship problems... more Objective: This study aimed at determining psychopathology and personal and relationship problems in violent husband. Materials & Methods: In this cross - sectional study 230 male were selected through a multi clustral sampling from four different regions of Tehran. Then they ...
Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2009
Background. There is a dearth of scientific data on anal intercourse in heterosexual relationship... more Background. There is a dearth of scientific data on anal intercourse in heterosexual relationships. Likewise, anal sex within marital relationships has yet to be fully explored. Objectives. Among a representative sample of married women in the Iranian capital, Tehran, we aimed to determine the association of self-reported coerced anal sex with: (i) self-reported coerced vaginal sex; (ii) self-reported nonsexual violence; (iii) psychopathology; and (iv) marital attitude. Method. The data presented here were obtained from the Family Violence Survey conducted in Tehran in 2007. A total of 230 married Iranian women were selected via a multi-cluster sampling method from four different randomized regions. The subjects' sociodemographic data, psychological distress (Symptom Check List; SCL-90-R), personality, and relationship characteristics (Personal and Relationships Profile), and marital attitude (Marital Attitude Survey) were gathered. In addition, the participants' self-reported histories of lifetime victimization through all types of violence by the husband, including coerced anal and vaginal sex as well as psychological and physical assault (Conflict Tactic Scales-Revised; CTS-2), were collected. Results. There were associations between self-reported victimization through coerced anal and vaginal sex (P < 0.001), psychological (P < 0.001), and physical aggression (P < 0.001). Those reporting to have been forced into anal intercourse cited higher rates of paranoid and psychotic features, jealousy, attribution of problems to one's own behavior, conflict, and male dominance, as well as lower expectations of improvement in one's marital relationship. Conclusion. In marital relationships, women are at a higher risk of coerced anal sex if subjected to other types of sexual or non-sexual violence. Higher rates of psychopathology and poorer marital relationships are also allied to self-reported anal sexual coercion. Mohammadkhani P, Khooshabi KS, Forouzan AS, Azadmehr H, Assari S, and Lankarani MM. Associations between coerced anal sex and psychopathology, marital distress and non-sexual violence.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate suicide probability in Iranian males with substa... more Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate suicide probability in Iranian males with substance abuse or dependence disorder and to investigate the predictors of suicide probability based on trait mindfulness, reasons for living and severity of general psychiatric symptoms. Method: Participants were 324 individuals with substance abuse or dependence in an outpatient setting and prison. Reasons for living questionnaire, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale and Suicide probability Scale were used as instruments. Sample was selected based on convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. Results: The life-time prevalence of suicide attempt in the outpatient setting was35 % and it was 42 % in the prison setting. Suicide probability in the prison setting was significantly higher than in the outpatient setting (p<0.001). The severity of general symptom strongly correlated with suicide probability. Trait mindfulness, not reasons for living beliefs, had a
Iranian journal of psychiatry, 2015
The aim of this study was to evaluate suicide probability in Iranian males with substance abuse o... more The aim of this study was to evaluate suicide probability in Iranian males with substance abuse or dependence disorder and to investigate the predictors of suicide probability based on trait mindfulness, reasons for living and severity of general psychiatric symptoms. Participants were 324 individuals with substance abuse or dependence in an outpatient setting and prison. Reasons for living questionnaire, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale and Suicide probability Scale were used as instruments. Sample was selected based on convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The life-time prevalence of suicide attempt in the outpatient setting was35% and it was 42% in the prison setting. Suicide probability in the prison setting was significantly higher than in the outpatient setting (p<0.001). The severity of general symptom strongly correlated with suicide probability. Trait mindfulness, not reasons for living beliefs, had a mediating effect in the relationsh...
Practice in Clinical Psychology
Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As... more Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As a result, for those depressed patients to whom sexual desire is important, psychological treatment may be a better intervention. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the possible changes in sexual desire following psychological treatments in depression, when focus of therapy is not on sexual function. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, which was conducted in Tehran, Iran. A total of 281 depressed patients in the remission phase underwent psychological treatments, either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT, n=131) or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT, n=150). The therapy did not focus on any aspect of sexual function. Using a single item measure before and after treatment, sexual desire of the patients was categorized into intact, mild, moderate, or severe decline. A total of 255 participants completed the study questionnaires and were randomly assigned to CBT (122) and MBCT groups (133). Before therapy, 128(50.2%) participants were categorized in intact sexual desire group, 73(28.6%) in mild sexual desire dysfunction group, 40(15.7%) in moderate sexual desire dysfunction group, and 14(5.5%) in severe sexual desire dysfunction group. Logistic regression was used for analyzing the data by SPSS-16. Results: Low sexual desire in depression remission was predicted by age (P<0.001, OR=0.21, CI=0.01-0.03), presence of comorbid anxiety disorder (P<0.04, OR=-0.13, CI=-0.46-0.02), and global assessment of functioning (GAF) (P<0.001, OR=-0.23, CI=-0.03-0.01). Clinical improvement in sexual desire was predicted by the type of intervention (P=0.023, OR=0.351, CI=0.142-0.869) and GAF (P=0.003, OR=0.927, CI=0.881-0.975). Conclusion: CBT might be superior to MBCT in improving sexual desire in patients with depression. Further studies using validated sexual function questionnaires are necessary.
ABSTRACT Perceptual closure is the ability of the brain to recognize a complete object based on f... more ABSTRACT Perceptual closure is the ability of the brain to recognize a complete object based on fragmentary information and has been known to be impaired in schizophrenia. Here, the neural integrity of perceptual closure in schizophrenia with different disease onsets was evaluated by examining the generation of event-related potential (ERP) components (P100, N180, and Ncl). ERPs were recorded from 40 patients (19 early-onset schizophrenia, "EOS" and 21 adult-onset schizophrenia, "AOS") and 40 age-matched healthy volunteers. Brain electric source analysis (BESA) was applied to localize the cerebral generators underlying perceptual closure. Patients showed an impaired generation of Ncl and P100 components. P100 and Ncl amplitudes were significantly reduced in both AOS and EOS (P<0.01). Moreover, N180 and Ncl amplitudes were significantly increased with age in controls and patients (P<0.01). In the case of the Ncl, there was also a significant interaction (P<0.001) between age and group, indicating a greater age-dependent Ncl increase in controls compared to patients. Visual information processing during perceptual closure is impaired in schizophrenia, regardless of age at disease onset. The combined influence of age and group on the amplitude of the Ncl might support the idea of neurodevelopmental deficits in schizophrenia.
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 2013
Perceptual closure is the ability of the brain to recognize a complete object based on fragmentar... more Perceptual closure is the ability of the brain to recognize a complete object based on fragmentary information and has been known to be impaired in schizophrenia. Here, the neural integrity of perceptual closure in schizophrenia with different disease onsets was evaluated by examining the generation of event-related potential (ERP) components (P 100 , N 180 , and N cl). ERPs were recorded from 40 patients (19 early-onset schizophrenia, "EOS" and 21 adult-onset schizophrenia, "AOS") and 40 age-matched healthy volunteers. Brain electric source analysis (BESA) was applied to localize the cerebral generators underlying perceptual closure. Patients showed an impaired generation of N cl and P 100 components. P 100 and N cl amplitudes were significantly reduced in both AOS and EOS (P o 0.01). Moreover, N 180 and N cl amplitudes were significantly increased with age in controls and patients (P o0.01). In the case of the N cl , there was also a significant interaction (P o0.001) between age and group, indicating a greater age-dependent N cl increase in controls compared to patients. Visual information processing during perceptual closure is impaired in schizophrenia, regardless of age at disease onset. The combined influence of age and group on the amplitude of the N cl might support the idea of neurodevelopmental deficits in schizophrenia.
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2008
Introduction It is now widely recognized that relationships be-tween partners in marital, cohabit... more Introduction It is now widely recognized that relationships be-tween partners in marital, cohabiting, and dating relationship are often violent(1-3) . Aggression is an extremely important aspect of psychologi-cal functioning and social life, and one that has profound ...
Psicologia: teoria e …, 2007
The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trauma Symptom C... more The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children–TSCC-A. Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3.042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse study in 19 different ...
Background: The aim of this study was to standardize and assign validity and reliability of the T... more Background: The aim of this study was to standardize and assign validity and reliability of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC-A). Methods: Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse ...