Hadiza Ma'aji - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hadiza Ma'aji
Pharmacy Education
Background: A progressive increase in the number of students admitted to study pharmacy in Nigeri... more Background: A progressive increase in the number of students admitted to study pharmacy in Nigeria has not been met with sufficient documented evidence of their preferences and motivations. Studies on this would aid in designing a programme that matches student expectations, whilst maintaining regulatory requirements. Aim: This study evaluated students’ preferences in wanting to study pharmacy, perceptions of the profession and career choice. Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among students of all study years across three Nigerian Schools of Pharmacy after obtaining approval from their managements. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The response rate of the study was 87.5%. Most students from the three universities reported a preference for pharmacy as their first choice of course: 733 (86.0%) for University of Nigeria (UNN), 66 (71.7%) for Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU) and 48 (45.3%) for Enugu State U...
Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 2019
It is also common that the safety of most herbal products is further compromised by lack of suita... more It is also common that the safety of most herbal products is further compromised by lack of suitable quality controls, inadequate labeling, and the absence of appropriate information. 7 The most common sources of information on adverse events and reactions to medicines are clinical trials and spontaneous reports. The latter ordinarily far exceed the former in numbers and type, especially serious reports, over the lifetime of a product. 8 Given the reality of global use of TMs, monitoring safety of such medicines becomes a priority for all stakeholders. Traditional medicines are not always safe, particularly when used in combination with other medicines. 5 An Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined as a response to a drug which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease, or for the modifications of physiological function. 6 Adverse drug reactions are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. 9 It was reported that up to 20% of patients on drug therapy experience ADR. 10 It is therefore important that medication monitoring systems like pharmacovigilance (PV) are put in place to ensure safety. Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem. 11 Reporting ADRs constitutes an integral part of PV process. Spontaneous reporting helps to detect serious and unusual adverse effects previously undetected during clinical trials. 10 In many countries, providers of herbal medicines other than physicians, dentists, pharmacists and nurses are excluded from reporting systems. 12 If adequate coverage of herbal medicines is to be achieved, national reporting schemes should be developed to include all
Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research
Objectives Cost-benefit analysis is the least reported economic analysis of prevention of mother-... more Objectives Cost-benefit analysis is the least reported economic analysis of prevention of mother-to-child transmission services. In cost-benefit analysis, consumers’ wellbeing is considered from their own perspective. This study determined the benefit-cost ratios of prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in two Nigerian tertiary hospitals. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey using willingness-to-pay. The study was conducted among patients at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital and the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital. Potential benefit was measured as patients’ willingness-to-pay while cost was measured from pharmacists’ perspective. The benefit-cost ratio for each service was obtained as the average after 1000 iterations of Monte Carlo simulation in a probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Key findings A total of 219 patients responded to the questionnaires. Most of the patients were married, 149 (68.0%). Primary prevention of HIV had the highest ‘yes’ ...
African Journal of Health Professions Education, Dec 6, 2018
Pharmacotherapeutics as defined by the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary is 'the study of the th... more Pharmacotherapeutics as defined by the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary is 'the study of the therapeutic uses and effects of drugs in disease states'. [1] It is an essential component of the undergraduate pharmacy curriculum worldwide, and often encompasses drug therapy and several other aspects of patient care. With the move towards greater pharmacist involvement in patient care, the new-generation pharmacist needs to have an above-average clinical knowledge of various medications and disease states. [2] The Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree was recently approved as the minimum requirement for registration as a pharmacist in Nigeria. Therefore, evaluating student perceptions of teaching methods and course content within the previous Bachelor of Pharmacy (BPharm) curriculum would help us to develop an improved pharmacy education experience for future students. This article describes a project aimed at exploring the perceptions and views of undergraduate pharmacy students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, on the course content and structure, as well as methods of delivery of a pharmacotherapeutic course. Background. Pharmacotherapeutics is an essential component of undergraduate pharmacy curricula worldwide. Therefore, improving the content and teaching of pharmacotherapeutic courses will better equip young pharmacists for their future careers. Objectives. To assess the perception and views of fourth-and fifth-year pharmacy students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, on the content and structure, as well as methods of lecture delivery of a pharmacotherapeutics course. Methods. This was a sequential mixed-methods study. During the first phase, a pretested questionnaire containing both open-and closed-ended questions was distributed to all 201 students who enrolled for the course during the 2015/2016 academic session. After analyses of questionnaire responses, two focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with 16 randomly selected students (8 participants per group). Results. Over half of respondents (54%) had enrolled for the course more than once. Analyses of qualitative data from both questionnaires and FGDs yielded three themes: poor student awareness, relevance, and shortcomings in course structure and delivery. The most common complaints of students revolved around the bulkiness of the course and non-interactive teaching methods used by course lecturers. Their enjoyment of certain parts of the course was linked to a perceived relevance of some disease conditions over others. Conclusion. There is a need to improve the course structure and teaching of pharmacotherapeutics at the institution, as well as student participation in their own learning.
Background: A progressive increase in the number of students admitted to study pharmacy in Nigeri... more Background: A progressive increase in the number of students admitted to study pharmacy in Nigeria has not been met with sufficient documented evidence of their preferences and motivations. Studies on this would aid in designing a programme that matches student expectations, whilst maintaining regulatory requirements. Aim: This study evaluated students’ preferences in wanting to study pharmacy, perceptions of the profession and career choice. Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among students of all study years across three Nigerian Schools of Pharmacy after obtaining approval from their managements. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The response rate of the study was 87.5%. Most students from the three universities reported a preference for pharmacy as their first choice of course: 733 (86.0%) for University of Nigeria (UNN), 66 (71.7%) for Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU) and 48 (45.3%) for Enugu State U...
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, 2021
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Donor agencies provide most of the funds for HIV services in developi... more WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Donor agencies provide most of the funds for HIV services in developing countries. Due to the global economic downturn, there has been a reduction in funding for HIV-related services in Nigeria. This study compared the willingness to pay (WTP)-willingness to accept (WTA) ratios for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services to specialized clinical pharmacy services among patients of two Nigerian hospitals. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey using contingent valuation method at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH). WTP and WTA were elicited using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a payment card. The responses to the WTP and WTA questions were reported as frequencies and percentages, while the amounts were determined as mean. All costs were obtained in Nigerian Naira (N360 = $1). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Of the 219 mothers who participated in the study, 172 (78...
Ma’aji, H.U., Auwal, F.I., 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello U... more Ma’aji, H.U., Auwal, F.I., 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Correspondence Author ABSTRACT Herbal supplements or “botanicals,” are a type of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) made from one or more plants, and are thought to be useful in treating diseases or maintaining health. These supplements are usually found in pharmacies, and continue to gain popularity among consumers today. the perceptions and knowledge of community pharmacists practicing in Zaria & Kaduna metropolis on herbal supplements. October 2016 on pharmacists working in 82 randomly selected community pharmacies. A structured questionnaire containing four sections and 45 questions was used to collect data from respondents on their demographic characteristics, personal experiences with herbal supplements, knowledge of selected herbal supplements and general perception...
Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research
It is also common that the safety of most herbal products is further compromised by lack of suita... more It is also common that the safety of most herbal products is further compromised by lack of suitable quality controls, inadequate labeling, and the absence of appropriate information. 7 The most common sources of information on adverse events and reactions to medicines are clinical trials and spontaneous reports. The latter ordinarily far exceed the former in numbers and type, especially serious reports, over the lifetime of a product. 8 Given the reality of global use of TMs, monitoring safety of such medicines becomes a priority for all stakeholders. Traditional medicines are not always safe, particularly when used in combination with other medicines. 5 An Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined as a response to a drug which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease, or for the modifications of physiological function. 6 Adverse drug reactions are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. 9 It was reported that up to 20% of patients on drug therapy experience ADR. 10 It is therefore important that medication monitoring systems like pharmacovigilance (PV) are put in place to ensure safety. Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem. 11 Reporting ADRs constitutes an integral part of PV process. Spontaneous reporting helps to detect serious and unusual adverse effects previously undetected during clinical trials. 10 In many countries, providers of herbal medicines other than physicians, dentists, pharmacists and nurses are excluded from reporting systems. 12 If adequate coverage of herbal medicines is to be achieved, national reporting schemes should be developed to include all
Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of... more Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of community pharmacists towards pharmaceutical care services in Kaduna state, Nigeria. Method: A prospective study was conducted among community pharmacists in Kaduna State. Self-administered questionnaire were distributed to forty community pharmacists. Data were analyzed descriptively using simple percentages and frequency distribution. Results: The result of the current study showed that 97.5% of respondents had knowledge deficit of pharmaceutical care concepts but there is a positive attitude towards the practice of pharmaceutical care. Conclusion: These results shows knowledge deficit and low practice but attitude to practice of pharmaceutical care is positive. Therefore, it is important for regulatory bodies to implement standard guidelines on qualification of community pharmacists in the provision of pharmaceutical care in Nigeria. Keywords: Attitude, knowledge, practice, community
Pharmacy Education
Background: A progressive increase in the number of students admitted to study pharmacy in Nigeri... more Background: A progressive increase in the number of students admitted to study pharmacy in Nigeria has not been met with sufficient documented evidence of their preferences and motivations. Studies on this would aid in designing a programme that matches student expectations, whilst maintaining regulatory requirements. Aim: This study evaluated students’ preferences in wanting to study pharmacy, perceptions of the profession and career choice. Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among students of all study years across three Nigerian Schools of Pharmacy after obtaining approval from their managements. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The response rate of the study was 87.5%. Most students from the three universities reported a preference for pharmacy as their first choice of course: 733 (86.0%) for University of Nigeria (UNN), 66 (71.7%) for Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU) and 48 (45.3%) for Enugu State U...
Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 2019
It is also common that the safety of most herbal products is further compromised by lack of suita... more It is also common that the safety of most herbal products is further compromised by lack of suitable quality controls, inadequate labeling, and the absence of appropriate information. 7 The most common sources of information on adverse events and reactions to medicines are clinical trials and spontaneous reports. The latter ordinarily far exceed the former in numbers and type, especially serious reports, over the lifetime of a product. 8 Given the reality of global use of TMs, monitoring safety of such medicines becomes a priority for all stakeholders. Traditional medicines are not always safe, particularly when used in combination with other medicines. 5 An Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined as a response to a drug which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease, or for the modifications of physiological function. 6 Adverse drug reactions are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. 9 It was reported that up to 20% of patients on drug therapy experience ADR. 10 It is therefore important that medication monitoring systems like pharmacovigilance (PV) are put in place to ensure safety. Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem. 11 Reporting ADRs constitutes an integral part of PV process. Spontaneous reporting helps to detect serious and unusual adverse effects previously undetected during clinical trials. 10 In many countries, providers of herbal medicines other than physicians, dentists, pharmacists and nurses are excluded from reporting systems. 12 If adequate coverage of herbal medicines is to be achieved, national reporting schemes should be developed to include all
Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research
Objectives Cost-benefit analysis is the least reported economic analysis of prevention of mother-... more Objectives Cost-benefit analysis is the least reported economic analysis of prevention of mother-to-child transmission services. In cost-benefit analysis, consumers’ wellbeing is considered from their own perspective. This study determined the benefit-cost ratios of prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in two Nigerian tertiary hospitals. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey using willingness-to-pay. The study was conducted among patients at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital and the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital. Potential benefit was measured as patients’ willingness-to-pay while cost was measured from pharmacists’ perspective. The benefit-cost ratio for each service was obtained as the average after 1000 iterations of Monte Carlo simulation in a probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Key findings A total of 219 patients responded to the questionnaires. Most of the patients were married, 149 (68.0%). Primary prevention of HIV had the highest ‘yes’ ...
African Journal of Health Professions Education, Dec 6, 2018
Pharmacotherapeutics as defined by the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary is 'the study of the th... more Pharmacotherapeutics as defined by the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary is 'the study of the therapeutic uses and effects of drugs in disease states'. [1] It is an essential component of the undergraduate pharmacy curriculum worldwide, and often encompasses drug therapy and several other aspects of patient care. With the move towards greater pharmacist involvement in patient care, the new-generation pharmacist needs to have an above-average clinical knowledge of various medications and disease states. [2] The Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree was recently approved as the minimum requirement for registration as a pharmacist in Nigeria. Therefore, evaluating student perceptions of teaching methods and course content within the previous Bachelor of Pharmacy (BPharm) curriculum would help us to develop an improved pharmacy education experience for future students. This article describes a project aimed at exploring the perceptions and views of undergraduate pharmacy students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, on the course content and structure, as well as methods of delivery of a pharmacotherapeutic course. Background. Pharmacotherapeutics is an essential component of undergraduate pharmacy curricula worldwide. Therefore, improving the content and teaching of pharmacotherapeutic courses will better equip young pharmacists for their future careers. Objectives. To assess the perception and views of fourth-and fifth-year pharmacy students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, on the content and structure, as well as methods of lecture delivery of a pharmacotherapeutics course. Methods. This was a sequential mixed-methods study. During the first phase, a pretested questionnaire containing both open-and closed-ended questions was distributed to all 201 students who enrolled for the course during the 2015/2016 academic session. After analyses of questionnaire responses, two focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with 16 randomly selected students (8 participants per group). Results. Over half of respondents (54%) had enrolled for the course more than once. Analyses of qualitative data from both questionnaires and FGDs yielded three themes: poor student awareness, relevance, and shortcomings in course structure and delivery. The most common complaints of students revolved around the bulkiness of the course and non-interactive teaching methods used by course lecturers. Their enjoyment of certain parts of the course was linked to a perceived relevance of some disease conditions over others. Conclusion. There is a need to improve the course structure and teaching of pharmacotherapeutics at the institution, as well as student participation in their own learning.
Background: A progressive increase in the number of students admitted to study pharmacy in Nigeri... more Background: A progressive increase in the number of students admitted to study pharmacy in Nigeria has not been met with sufficient documented evidence of their preferences and motivations. Studies on this would aid in designing a programme that matches student expectations, whilst maintaining regulatory requirements. Aim: This study evaluated students’ preferences in wanting to study pharmacy, perceptions of the profession and career choice. Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among students of all study years across three Nigerian Schools of Pharmacy after obtaining approval from their managements. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The response rate of the study was 87.5%. Most students from the three universities reported a preference for pharmacy as their first choice of course: 733 (86.0%) for University of Nigeria (UNN), 66 (71.7%) for Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU) and 48 (45.3%) for Enugu State U...
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, 2021
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Donor agencies provide most of the funds for HIV services in developi... more WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Donor agencies provide most of the funds for HIV services in developing countries. Due to the global economic downturn, there has been a reduction in funding for HIV-related services in Nigeria. This study compared the willingness to pay (WTP)-willingness to accept (WTA) ratios for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services to specialized clinical pharmacy services among patients of two Nigerian hospitals. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey using contingent valuation method at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH). WTP and WTA were elicited using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a payment card. The responses to the WTP and WTA questions were reported as frequencies and percentages, while the amounts were determined as mean. All costs were obtained in Nigerian Naira (N360 = $1). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Of the 219 mothers who participated in the study, 172 (78...
Ma’aji, H.U., Auwal, F.I., 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello U... more Ma’aji, H.U., Auwal, F.I., 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Correspondence Author ABSTRACT Herbal supplements or “botanicals,” are a type of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) made from one or more plants, and are thought to be useful in treating diseases or maintaining health. These supplements are usually found in pharmacies, and continue to gain popularity among consumers today. the perceptions and knowledge of community pharmacists practicing in Zaria & Kaduna metropolis on herbal supplements. October 2016 on pharmacists working in 82 randomly selected community pharmacies. A structured questionnaire containing four sections and 45 questions was used to collect data from respondents on their demographic characteristics, personal experiences with herbal supplements, knowledge of selected herbal supplements and general perception...
Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research
It is also common that the safety of most herbal products is further compromised by lack of suita... more It is also common that the safety of most herbal products is further compromised by lack of suitable quality controls, inadequate labeling, and the absence of appropriate information. 7 The most common sources of information on adverse events and reactions to medicines are clinical trials and spontaneous reports. The latter ordinarily far exceed the former in numbers and type, especially serious reports, over the lifetime of a product. 8 Given the reality of global use of TMs, monitoring safety of such medicines becomes a priority for all stakeholders. Traditional medicines are not always safe, particularly when used in combination with other medicines. 5 An Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined as a response to a drug which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease, or for the modifications of physiological function. 6 Adverse drug reactions are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. 9 It was reported that up to 20% of patients on drug therapy experience ADR. 10 It is therefore important that medication monitoring systems like pharmacovigilance (PV) are put in place to ensure safety. Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem. 11 Reporting ADRs constitutes an integral part of PV process. Spontaneous reporting helps to detect serious and unusual adverse effects previously undetected during clinical trials. 10 In many countries, providers of herbal medicines other than physicians, dentists, pharmacists and nurses are excluded from reporting systems. 12 If adequate coverage of herbal medicines is to be achieved, national reporting schemes should be developed to include all
Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of... more Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of community pharmacists towards pharmaceutical care services in Kaduna state, Nigeria. Method: A prospective study was conducted among community pharmacists in Kaduna State. Self-administered questionnaire were distributed to forty community pharmacists. Data were analyzed descriptively using simple percentages and frequency distribution. Results: The result of the current study showed that 97.5% of respondents had knowledge deficit of pharmaceutical care concepts but there is a positive attitude towards the practice of pharmaceutical care. Conclusion: These results shows knowledge deficit and low practice but attitude to practice of pharmaceutical care is positive. Therefore, it is important for regulatory bodies to implement standard guidelines on qualification of community pharmacists in the provision of pharmaceutical care in Nigeria. Keywords: Attitude, knowledge, practice, community