Hrudayanath Thatoi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Hrudayanath Thatoi

Lecture Notes in Bioengineering, 2020

Lignocellulose is found in nature as an alternative source of energy and can be used for the prod... more Lignocellulose is found in nature as an alternative source of energy and can be used for the production of bioethanol. Cellulose, one of the most abundant components of lignocellulose can be hydrolyzed using enzymes cellulase to produce glucose, which can be used for the production of ethanol. Cellulase production from cellulolytic bacteria is challenging. Hence, research has been focused on isolation and identification of efficient cellulolytic bacteria for their use in bioethanol production. In the present investigation, the most potent screened bacterial strain was subjected to optimization of its cellulase production by using response surface methodology taking four independent variables such as substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and incubation time. The optimization result showed that the bacteria had a maximum production of cellulase enzyme of 617.71 U/mL in an optimized condition at an incubation time of 42 h, pH 9, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) concentration of 15 gm/L, and temperature of 37.5°C. The strain, SCB9, was identified as Bacillus albus based on the 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogeny analysis. Overall results from this study indicate that the cellulolytic bacteria SCB9 is a potent candidate for cellulase production, which can be exploited for bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass through adaptation of further appropriate biotechnological approaches.

SN Applied Sciences, 2020

In the present study, sequence and structural aspects of five bacterial chromate reductase-relate... more In the present study, sequence and structural aspects of five bacterial chromate reductase-related enzymes from Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, Shigella flexneri, and Synechocystis sp. have been investigated. Comparative sequence analyses of different chromate reductase family enzymes showed that Ser13 in E. coli quinone reductase remains conserved among most of the homologous proteins and plays an important role in Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) binding. Comparative protein-ligand binding energy calculation from the docking of all the five modeled complexes of bacterial chromate reductase-related enzymes depicted that quinone reductase from S. flexneri has the highest binding affinity (−7.97 kcal/mol) with FMN. Molecular interactions study suggested that the quinone reductase from P. putida has the highest number of bonded interactions with FMN. In silico mutation design (Y85N) in E. coli ChrR confirmed the significant role of Tyr85 residue in maintaining the network established at the tetramer interface of this enzyme during substrate interaction. Analyses from molecular simulation trajectories also suggested that the mutant E. coli ChrR is much stable than the wild-type form during the interaction with substrate FMN. The present study revealed the interrelationship between the structure and function of bacterial chromate reductase-related enzymes which will help to understand their importance in chromium bioremediation.

Canadian Journal of Biotechnology, Dec 11, 2017

In-silico drug designing for better anticancer therapeutics targeting human NF-κB, a pivotal enzy... more In-silico drug designing for better anticancer therapeutics targeting human NF-κB, a pivotal enzyme involved in cancer regulating pathway. Hispolon, a black hoof mushroom (Phellinus linteus) or shaggy bracket mushroom (Inonotus hispidus) derived polyphenolic compound is structurally homologous with Curcumin and possess the NF-κB inhibitory efficiency as an anticancer agent. However, the in-silico studies related to Hispolon mediated inhibition of NF-κB activity and its mechanism of action has not yet been investigated so far. The present paper reports in-silico studies carried out to investigate the detailed mechanism of Hispolon mediated inhibition of NF-κB and designing of new potent derivatives of Hispolon having anticancer activity. Docking, Binding free energy analysis, Drug designing ADMET and IC50 has been performed for the fulfilment of above mentioned objective. DRG2 compound (ΔG=-30.180 kcal/mol) is the most potent in binding with human NF-κB among all 10 designed Hispolon derivatives. Met469 and Glu470 of human NF-κB makes an additional interaction with one of the hydrogen atom of 5-methoxy group of ligand's benzene ring. Methoxy group placed on the-ortho and two-para position of benzene ring and the-meta positioned hydroxyl group of the compound plays crucial role in strengthening the binding energy with human NF-κB. ADMET analysis also confirmed the drug-likeness and efficiency of DRG2 with NF-κB. In-depth structural, molecular modelling, docking and binding energy studies helps to redesign Hispolon to better compound that might have some additional inhibitory effect on human NF-κB thus can be used as anticancer therapeutics.

Novel Research in Microbiology Journal, 2021

Canadian Journal of Biotechnology, 2017

Soil contamination with heavy metal like chromium is a widespread environmental problem in mining... more Soil contamination with heavy metal like chromium is a widespread environmental problem in mining and its periphery areas causing hazard to the plant, animal and human. Bacterial communities which resist the toxic effect of Cr(VI) can only survive under this hostile condition. In the study assessment of structural diversity of bacterial communities from four different locations of chromite mines area of Sukinda, Odisha (India) were carried out with 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of V 3 regions using illuminaMiSeq and functional diversity analysis from in situ mining site with whole genome metagenomics using illuminaHiSeq. The taxonomic classification was carried out through QIIME program. The samples differed from each other, both in terms of level of contamination and soil characteristics. The variations in pH were small (6.67-7.32) between the mine soils from in situ and overburden sites in comparison to forest soil (5.08). The forest soil contains higher amount of available N and K as well as organic carbon as compared to both the mine soils. Heavy metals like Fe, Cr, Ni, and Cd have been detected in higher concentrations in in situ sites than both overburden and forest soil samples. Whereas concentration of other heavy metals like Co and Mn is high in overburden than in situ and forest soil. In spite of the differences between the samples, they shared many common operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and it was possible to delineate the core microbiome of the soil samples. In general, Actinobacteria were the most dominant phyla with abundance of Deltaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria within the soils. Certain bacterial genera like Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Clostridium and Corynebacterium were found to be predominant in in situ mining sites, whereas genera like Nitrospira, DA101, JG37-AG-70 and Nitrospira and DA101 were found to be abundant in overburden and forest soil respectively. In in situ soil, the bacterial genes are involved in membrane transport, DNA metabolism, Iron acquisition and metabolism, secondary metabolism, motility and chemotaxis. The results of this study add valuable information about the composition as well as structure and function of bacterial communities in chromite mine area soils and shed light on possible bioremediation transformations promoted by bacterial communities.

Mangroves are salt-tolerant forest ecosystems of the tropical and subtropical intertidal regions ... more Mangroves are salt-tolerant forest ecosystems of the tropical and subtropical intertidal regions of the world. The ecosystem is rich in the biodiversity of plants, animals, and microorganisms. Being in a saline environment, mangrove ecosystems harbors different groups of halotolerant and halophilic bacteria. These groups of bacteria exhibit suitability for various biotechnological applications and are a source of many industrially important enzymes and bioactive compounds. Several bioactive compounds with a wide range of biological activities from antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiabetic have been reported from various bacterial and fungal species of mangrove habitats. In particular, some of the halophilic microorganisms are capable of producing massive amounts of compatible solutes that are useful as stabilizers for biomolecules or stress-protective agents. The present chapter highlights the biodiversity of saline microorganisms, particularly halophilic and halotolerant bacteria, ...

A Practical Guide to Pharmacological Biotechnology, 2019

Intellectual property rights (IPR) are legal and official strategies that are assigned to protect... more Intellectual property rights (IPR) are legal and official strategies that are assigned to protect the conceptions of the mind such as creations, art and literature works, and various designs (Dutfield 2005). It is also included the marks that are imprinted on different products inorder to differentiate them from similar products sold in the market (Dutfield 2005). However over years, the concept of intellectual property (IP) is overextended to inculcate not particularly the copyrights, industrial designs, patents, and trademarks; but it also includes the geographical signs, rights of the plant breeders’, profession secrets, along with the rights of the layout-designs of different integrated circuits (Dutfield 2003, 2005). Under the IP law, imperceptible possessions including creations; works related to fictional and artistic; various designs; and idioms; symbols and signs etc. can be safe guard (Dutfield 2005; http://www.innovaccess.eu/definition-ip). This type of protection are pos...

Mangrove ecosystem is well known for the productivity. Fungi play an important role in the nutrit... more Mangrove ecosystem is well known for the productivity. Fungi play an important role in the nutritive cycle and support the mangrove ecosystem. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to isolate, characterize and identify some of the soil fungi from mangroves of Mahanadi delta, Orissa. They are categorized into common (10.75 %), frequent (9.28 %), occasional (6.63 %) and rare (0.38 %). Among the 22 fungal species identified, Fusarium solani was recorded as common, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium red sclerotium as frequent, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niser, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus albus as occasionally and the remaining species are rare. The identification of 22 soil fungal species from mangroves of Mahanadi delta is the first report form this ecosystem. Key words: Fungi, Mangrove ecosystem, Ascomycetes and Actinobacteria.

International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2019

Microbial communities provide useful information about any chemical and physical changes in the e... more Microbial communities provide useful information about any chemical and physical changes in the environment and play an essential role in maintaining soil fertility. Biolog® eco-plates method was used to study the functional diversity of microbial communities, and their correlation with soil organic carbon (OC), microbial biomass and activities, under three different soil conditions of Sukinda chromite mining area of Odisha, India during August 2016. The OC, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potash were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in in situ and overburden soils as compared to forest soil. The average development rate of average well color development values decreased with incubation time in all soil conditions. The utilization of six categories of carbon sources by soil microbes decreased with the increase in chromium load and biplot analysis suggested that carbohydrate, polymer and amino acid utilizing microbes were dominant in mining soils. The ecotoxicological status of chromite mine soil would be useful for formulating strategies of possible bioremediation program.

Biotechnological Utilization of Mangrove Resources, 2020

Abstract Nanotechnology is one of the most promising technologies applied in the production of na... more Abstract Nanotechnology is one of the most promising technologies applied in the production of nanoenabled devices and of personal care, medicinal, food, and agricultural products. Although different types of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) are being increasingly used in many sectors, biological and environmental safety during their production is a major concern. The conventional industrial nanoparticle (NP) production methods involve different chemical and high-energy physical processes that are harmful to the environment and expensive as well. Therefore, the green synthesis of NP-using plants is considered to be an alternative method that reduces the use of hazardous chemicals and harsh reaction conditions in MNP production. Recently, mangrove plant–mediated NP synthesis has attracted many researchers as these plants possess enormous amounts of unique phytochemicals that play a significant role in NP synthesis. This chapter discusses different mangrove species and their parts used for the synthesis of MNPs, along with characterizations of the techniques used in NP synthesis and their pharmaceutical applications. In addition, this review also highlights the factors limiting the use of plant-based NP synthesis.

Environmental Biotechnology For Soil and Wastewater Implications on Ecosystems, 2019

Chromate reductase activity of a highly resistance Bacillus sp. isolated from chromite mine soil ... more Chromate reductase activity of a highly resistance Bacillus sp. isolated from chromite mine soil of Odisha (India) was associated mainly with the contribution of extracellular enzymes production. The maximum chromate reductase production from Bacillus sp. was achieved in the presence of 50 μM of Cr(VI); 0.5%, (w/v) of glucose;1%, (w/v) of trypton; 0.5%, (w/v) of Na2HPO4; 0.5%, (w/v) KNO3; 0.5%, (w/v) KCl and 0.5%, (w/v) thiamine as source of vitamin with the initial medium pH of 7.0 and incubation at 35 °C under shaking condition (100 rpm) as optimum condition. In these conditions, the chromate reductase production was enhanced to a significant level of 3.67 ± 0.014 U ml−1 as compared to unoptimized condition (2.37 ± 0.029 U ml−1) with decrease in time from 24 h (late log phase) under unoptimized condition to 16 h under optimized condition. The efficacy of purified protein was checked for detoxification of Cr(VI). It was able to detoxify 63% of chromate within a time period of 30 min. Thus, the enhanced production and efficacy of extracellular enzyme by the Bacillus sp. is a promising result which has great potential for its application in bioremediation of hexavalent chromium from environment.

Chemosphere, 2021

Hexavalent chromium is a highly toxic element generated due to indiscriminate chromite mining in ... more Hexavalent chromium is a highly toxic element generated due to indiscriminate chromite mining in Sukinda, Odisha. In the present research investigation a relatively higher Cr(VI) resistant (900 mg L-1) bacterium CWB-54 was isolated from the chromite mine water. Based on the biochemical and molecular analysis the strain (CWB-54) was identified as Exiguobacterium mexicanum. When this bacterium was grown at 35 °C, 100 rpm, pH~8.0, and fructose as an electron donor, it could reduce the total hexavalent chromium (100 mg L-1) supplemented in the medium within 33 h of incubation period. Though experiment was carried out to study the effect of Mn, Ni, Cd, Hg and Zn on Cr(VI) reduction by the strain E. mexicanum it has been observed that in the presence of Cd and Hg, Cr(VI) reduction drastically decreased. Characterization of Cr(VI) reduced product by SEM-EDX and TEM analysis revealed intracellular and extracellular Cr(III) deposition in the bacterium, which is assumed to be Cr(OH)3 precipitate in nanometric size. But the extracellular chromate reductase enzyme production is found to be negligible as compared to the intracellular enzyme production. The increased concentration of Cr(VI) above (1000 mg L-1) also showed the genotoxic effect on the DNA. Several reports have been published on Exiguobacterium sp. on different scientific aspect but the current report on the reduction of toxic Cr(VI) by a new species E. mexicanum is a novel one which established the potentiality of this microorganism for a broad area of application.

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 2021

Background: Nowadays medicines derived from natural sources have drawn much attention as potentia... more Background: Nowadays medicines derived from natural sources have drawn much attention as potential therapeutic agents in the suppression and treatment of cancer because of their low toxicity and fewer side effects. Objective: The present review aims to assess the currently available knowledge on the ethnomedicinal uses and pharmacological activities of bioactive compounds obtained from medicinal mushrooms towards cancer treatment. Methods: A literature search has been conducted for the collection of research papers from universally accepted scientific databases. These research papers and published book chapters were scrutinized to retrieve information on ethnomedicinal uses of mushrooms, different factors involved in cancer cell proliferation, clinical and in silico pharmaceutical studies made for possible treatments of cancer using mushroom derived compounds. Overall, 241 articles were retrieved and reviewed from the year 1970 to 2020, out of which 98 relevant articles were finally...

Journal of Environmental Management, 2019

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 2019

Enzymes from natural sources protect the environment via complex biological mechanisms, which aid... more Enzymes from natural sources protect the environment via complex biological mechanisms, which aid in reductive immobilization of toxic metals including chromium. Nevertheless, progress was being made in elucidating highresolution crystal structures of reductases and their binding with flavin mononucleotide (FMN) to understand the underlying mechanism of chromate reduction. Therefore, herein, we employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, principal component analysis (PCA), and binding free energy calculations to understand the dynamics behavior of these enzymes with FMN. Six representative chromate reductases in monomeric and dimeric forms were selected to study the mode, dynamics, and energetic component that drive the FMN binding process. As evidenced by MD simulation, FMN prefers to bind the cervix formed between the catalytic domain surrounded by strong conserved hydrogen bonding, electrostatic, and hydrophobic contacts. The slight movement and reorientation of FMN resulted in breakage of some crucial H-bonds and other nonbonded contacts, which were well compensated with newly formed H-bonds, electrostatic, and hydrophobic interactions. The critical residues aiding in tight anchoring of FMN within dimer were found to be strongly conserved in the bacterial system. The molecular mechanics combined with the Poisson-Boltzmann surface area binding free energy of the monomer portrayed that the van der Waals and electrostatic energy contribute significantly to the total free energy, where, the polar solvation energy opposes the binding of FMN. The proposed proximity relationships between enzyme and FMN binding site presented in this study will open up better avenues to engineer enzymes with optimized chromate reductase activity for sustainable bioremediation of heavy metals.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017

Grasses as lignocellulose biomass are promising feed stocks for renewable bioethanol production, ... more Grasses as lignocellulose biomass are promising feed stocks for renewable bioethanol production, since these raw materials have high productivity, require low agricultural inputs, have positive environmental impacts, are easy to process and do not compete with the food crops. However, bioethanol production from grass biomass requires efficient pre-treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation processes which varies with types of grass species and the microorganisms used. Pretreatment is an important process for delignification of lignocellulose biomass and is dependent on the type of lignin present in the biomass and the degradation pathway employed for removal of the specific type of lignin. Further, enzymatic hydrolysis converts the cellulose and hemicellulose into monomers, making it feasible for the fermenting microorganisms to convert it into bioethanol where use of improved strain and biomass can yield higher ethanol on industrial scale. This review paper presents an overview of the types of grass species, their composition and cultivation practices, fermentation process used for bioethanol production and genetic tools used for improvement in bioethanol production from grass biomass on a sustainable basis. The current knowledge and future prospect for industrial bioethanol production from grass biomass along with its economic aspects have also been discussed in this review.

Frontiers in Life Science, 2016

ABSTRACT The genus Avicennia comprises eight species of mangrove trees that occur in intertidal z... more ABSTRACT The genus Avicennia comprises eight species of mangrove trees that occur in intertidal zones of estuaries and seabeds found in tropical and temperate regions spanning throughout the world. The plants belonging to the genus have both ecological and economic benefits. Different parts of the plants have ethnomedicinal applications for treatment of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, malaria, rheumatism, asthma, small pox and ulcer. Pharmacological investigations have revealed antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory activities and so on in these plants. The genus possesses some unique metabolites of varied chemicals classes, which are responsible for their wide range of pharmacological activities. The presence of different bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, glycosides and terpenoids has been detected. Hence, there is a great scope to discover new biological active phytochemicals from different mangrove species of genus Avicennia. Although many research articles have been published on various pharmacological aspects of different plants of the genus, no comprehensive review is yet available pertaining to their ethnomedicinal uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities. The present article discusses the diversity as well as distribution of different species of genus Avicennia along with an in-depth coverage of their ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical and pharmacological profiles.

Environmental technology, 2016

In the bioconversion of lignocelluloses for bioethanol, pretreatment seems to be the most importa... more In the bioconversion of lignocelluloses for bioethanol, pretreatment seems to be the most important step which improves the elimination of the lignin and hemicelluloses content, exposing cellulose to further hydrolysis. The present study discusses the application of dynamic statistical techniques like the Taguchi method and artificial neural network (ANN) in the optimization of pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomasses such as Hybrid Napier grass (HNG) (Pennisetum purpureum) and Denanath grass (DG) (Pennisetum pedicellatum), using alkali sodium hydroxide. This study analysed and determined a parameter combination with a low number of experiments by using the Taguchi method in which both the substrates can be efficiently pretreated. The optimized parameters obtained from the L16 orthogonal array are soaking time (18 and 26 h), temperature (60°C and 55°C), and alkali concentration (1%) for HNG and DG, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the optimized pretr...