Habib Mughal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Habib Mughal
Hydrological command of waterway system has been altering beneath the crash of mutually environme... more Hydrological command of waterway system has been altering beneath the crash of mutually environment disparity and human actions in the overall milieu. With the advent of technology it is now possible to model the complete resource allocation of any hydrological network duly integrating both natural and artificial networks. Advance applications allow an excellent automated system to monitor, control and manage water allocations to better utilize water resources, minimize wastage and predict hazards. The first step to all of this is to have accurate information of the catchment areas, so that in coordination with concerned departments, modeling and predictions of futuristic results is possible which will yield better decision making leading to fructifying outcome. Physical hydrologic models for drainage areas are significant utensils to hold water assets management and foresee diverse hydrologic contacts and risks. Indus River is considered as salvation of Pakistan and it is also the ...
The phenomenon of global warming holds immense fear almost for every natural process on going in ... more The phenomenon of global warming holds immense fear almost for every natural process on going in the universe. One of the major impacts of global warming is climate change. The changes in climatic conditions can hold deep impacts on water resources of the world. In Pakistan where diverse weather conditions subsist, the effects of climate change can be more vital. The adverse effect of global warming is increase in temperatures of near earth’s surface. Global data from 1880 to 2009 show that average temperatures have raised from around -0.3oC to 0.4oC that directly threats the glaciers and waters of the globe. This global warming can also have a strong impact on river flows in Pakistan. This may be due to the reduction in glaciated extent and snow at a higher rate and changes in precipitation patterns. Glaciers in Pakistan cover about 13,680 km2 which is 13% of mountainous regions of upper Indus Basin. The high melt rate of glaciers and increase in temperature depict that the glacier...
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2014
In this paper, studies have been made to detect the changes in key hydroclimatic variables includ... more In this paper, studies have been made to detect the changes in key hydroclimatic variables including precipitation, surface-air temperatures and stream flow with their trends, constructed projection scenarios, and simulated projected climate parameters for Naran watershed. Extreme indices have been determined by least squares and weighted average regression analysis. Temperature extremes have indicated signs of warming trends and increase in variability. Precipitation extremes have depicted decrease in occurrences and magnitudes. The analysis has provided evidence of high confidence about these changes. Trends of from hydroclimatic parameters and stream flows were also determined using Mann-Kendall test for the period 1962-2011. Interannual trends have been detected to determine the sensitivity with a base period (1962-1991) by using equal and unequal overlapped moving periods. It has been found that there is a clear trend reversibility during 1996-1997 for temperatures and precipitation pattern. However, the analysis has revealed that no long-term trends are persistent in inter-annual surfaceair temperatures and precipitation. Intra-annual trends and variations on the monthly scale from data sets of 1962-2011 have also been detected with their significant values. There seems evidence that variation of parameters in monthly scale F. Azim (B) • G. Nabi Centre of Excellence in Water Resource Engineering (CEWRE),
African Journal of …, 2012
... Rehman Mughal 2 and Abdul Razzaq Ghumman 1 ... Abbreviations: 1D, One dimensional; 2D, two di... more ... Rehman Mughal 2 and Abdul Razzaq Ghumman 1 ... Abbreviations: 1D, One dimensional; 2D, two dimensional; Cumec, cubic meter per second; DEM, digital elevation map; DHI, Danish Hydraulic Institute; FFC, Federal Flood Commission, Pakistan; GIS, geographical information ...
Pak. J. Engg. & Appl. Sci. …, 2011
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2012
Estimation of flooding is indispensable for the design of hydraulic structures such as dams, espe... more Estimation of flooding is indispensable for the design of hydraulic structures such as dams, especially when there are many potential small dam sites available, but no flow data is being measured at these sites. If stream gauging stations are present upstream and downstream of the proposed dam site, empirical relationships can be developed for the site. The equation development process becomes more difficult when lateral flow releases are considered at various locations in a river reach. This issue is addressed in the present study, in which empirical equations are developed for flood prediction in the upper reaches of the Chenab River, between Marala Headworks and Qadirabad Headworks. The purpose is to predict flood magnitudes within selected reaches of the Chenab River. The selected gauging stations are Marala Headworks, Alexandra Bridge, Khanki Headworks and Qadirabad Headworks. To develop the equations, a multiple nonlinear regression analysis is used. Average river and watershed slopes for four watersheds are extracted from a digital elevation model, using geographic information systems software. The developed peak flood equations for the region are tested with observed flood data, and results show that these equations estimate peak floods within an acceptable range of accuracy. The developed empirical equations are region-specific, so their application to other areas requires discretion. However, these equations can be used to approximate floods in other regions with similar climatic and physiographic characteristics.
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2019
In this study, hydraulic design of the aerators of steep slope orifice spillways (26°-32°) was ev... more In this study, hydraulic design of the aerators of steep slope orifice spillways (26°-32°) was evaluated using physical and numerical modeling techniques. The Bunji Dam spillway, which is proposed to be constructed on the Indus River in Pakistan, was selected for physical and numerical modeling of the aerators. Extensive experimentation was carried out on a physical model of the Bunji Dam spillway by changing the air vent size and ramp angle of the aerator. Three air vent sizes and five ramp angles were constructed to assess the hydraulic performance of the aerator. The numerical model was formulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-FLOW 3D. The air vent size showed a significant impact on the dimensionless performance indicators of the aerators. Empirical equations were developed based on the outputs of physical and numerical models of the aerator. It is believed that the proposed equations will be useful for the estimation of nondimensional cavity length and air entrainment coefficient of the orifice spillway aerators having a short horizontal stretch leading to a convex curvature with slope varied from 26°to 32°.
Hydrological command of waterway system has been altering beneath the crash of mutually environme... more Hydrological command of waterway system has been altering beneath the crash of mutually environment disparity and human actions in the overall milieu. With the advent of technology it is now possible to model the complete resource allocation of any hydrological network duly integrating both natural and artificial networks. Advance applications allow an excellent automated system to monitor, control and manage water allocations to better utilize water resources, minimize wastage and predict hazards. The first step to all of this is to have accurate information of the catchment areas, so that in coordination with concerned departments, modeling and predictions of futuristic results is possible which will yield better decision making leading to fructifying outcome. Physical hydrologic models for drainage areas are significant utensils to hold water assets management and foresee diverse hydrologic contacts and risks. Indus River is considered as salvation of Pakistan and it is also the ...
The phenomenon of global warming holds immense fear almost for every natural process on going in ... more The phenomenon of global warming holds immense fear almost for every natural process on going in the universe. One of the major impacts of global warming is climate change. The changes in climatic conditions can hold deep impacts on water resources of the world. In Pakistan where diverse weather conditions subsist, the effects of climate change can be more vital. The adverse effect of global warming is increase in temperatures of near earth’s surface. Global data from 1880 to 2009 show that average temperatures have raised from around -0.3oC to 0.4oC that directly threats the glaciers and waters of the globe. This global warming can also have a strong impact on river flows in Pakistan. This may be due to the reduction in glaciated extent and snow at a higher rate and changes in precipitation patterns. Glaciers in Pakistan cover about 13,680 km2 which is 13% of mountainous regions of upper Indus Basin. The high melt rate of glaciers and increase in temperature depict that the glacier...
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2014
In this paper, studies have been made to detect the changes in key hydroclimatic variables includ... more In this paper, studies have been made to detect the changes in key hydroclimatic variables including precipitation, surface-air temperatures and stream flow with their trends, constructed projection scenarios, and simulated projected climate parameters for Naran watershed. Extreme indices have been determined by least squares and weighted average regression analysis. Temperature extremes have indicated signs of warming trends and increase in variability. Precipitation extremes have depicted decrease in occurrences and magnitudes. The analysis has provided evidence of high confidence about these changes. Trends of from hydroclimatic parameters and stream flows were also determined using Mann-Kendall test for the period 1962-2011. Interannual trends have been detected to determine the sensitivity with a base period (1962-1991) by using equal and unequal overlapped moving periods. It has been found that there is a clear trend reversibility during 1996-1997 for temperatures and precipitation pattern. However, the analysis has revealed that no long-term trends are persistent in inter-annual surfaceair temperatures and precipitation. Intra-annual trends and variations on the monthly scale from data sets of 1962-2011 have also been detected with their significant values. There seems evidence that variation of parameters in monthly scale F. Azim (B) • G. Nabi Centre of Excellence in Water Resource Engineering (CEWRE),
African Journal of …, 2012
... Rehman Mughal 2 and Abdul Razzaq Ghumman 1 ... Abbreviations: 1D, One dimensional; 2D, two di... more ... Rehman Mughal 2 and Abdul Razzaq Ghumman 1 ... Abbreviations: 1D, One dimensional; 2D, two dimensional; Cumec, cubic meter per second; DEM, digital elevation map; DHI, Danish Hydraulic Institute; FFC, Federal Flood Commission, Pakistan; GIS, geographical information ...
Pak. J. Engg. & Appl. Sci. …, 2011
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2012
Estimation of flooding is indispensable for the design of hydraulic structures such as dams, espe... more Estimation of flooding is indispensable for the design of hydraulic structures such as dams, especially when there are many potential small dam sites available, but no flow data is being measured at these sites. If stream gauging stations are present upstream and downstream of the proposed dam site, empirical relationships can be developed for the site. The equation development process becomes more difficult when lateral flow releases are considered at various locations in a river reach. This issue is addressed in the present study, in which empirical equations are developed for flood prediction in the upper reaches of the Chenab River, between Marala Headworks and Qadirabad Headworks. The purpose is to predict flood magnitudes within selected reaches of the Chenab River. The selected gauging stations are Marala Headworks, Alexandra Bridge, Khanki Headworks and Qadirabad Headworks. To develop the equations, a multiple nonlinear regression analysis is used. Average river and watershed slopes for four watersheds are extracted from a digital elevation model, using geographic information systems software. The developed peak flood equations for the region are tested with observed flood data, and results show that these equations estimate peak floods within an acceptable range of accuracy. The developed empirical equations are region-specific, so their application to other areas requires discretion. However, these equations can be used to approximate floods in other regions with similar climatic and physiographic characteristics.
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2019
In this study, hydraulic design of the aerators of steep slope orifice spillways (26°-32°) was ev... more In this study, hydraulic design of the aerators of steep slope orifice spillways (26°-32°) was evaluated using physical and numerical modeling techniques. The Bunji Dam spillway, which is proposed to be constructed on the Indus River in Pakistan, was selected for physical and numerical modeling of the aerators. Extensive experimentation was carried out on a physical model of the Bunji Dam spillway by changing the air vent size and ramp angle of the aerator. Three air vent sizes and five ramp angles were constructed to assess the hydraulic performance of the aerator. The numerical model was formulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-FLOW 3D. The air vent size showed a significant impact on the dimensionless performance indicators of the aerators. Empirical equations were developed based on the outputs of physical and numerical models of the aerator. It is believed that the proposed equations will be useful for the estimation of nondimensional cavity length and air entrainment coefficient of the orifice spillway aerators having a short horizontal stretch leading to a convex curvature with slope varied from 26°to 32°.