Haike Jacobs - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Haike Jacobs

Research paper thumbnail of Moras are about length not about weight

Linguistics in the Netherlands

Expressing syllable weight by moras leads to two problems. First, there are languages, such as Wo... more Expressing syllable weight by moras leads to two problems. First, there are languages, such as Wolof, with long vowels and geminates, which both make a syllable bimoraic, but where only long vowels, but not geminates, count as heavy for stress. Second, there are languages in which closed syllables are light for stress, but heavy for segmental modifications (laryngeal metathesis in Cayuga and degemination in Chugach Alutiiq). It is argued that a two-layered mora model is not required and that a straightforward Harmonic Serialism is able to directly express that laryngeal metathesis and degemination make an unstressed syllable light.

Research paper thumbnail of A sightseeing diminutive tour in Limburgian

Linguistics in the Netherlands

This paper provides an overview, based on the MAND database and on additional recordings for Limb... more This paper provides an overview, based on the MAND database and on additional recordings for Limburgian Panningen, of diminutive formation in Limburgian and focuses on the status of n-assimilation. It is shown that both the presence and the absence of n-assimilaton poses problems both for existing phonological descriptions as well as for constraint-based approaches to phonology such as standard Optimality Theory. We will show that the nature of the three interacting modifications, that is n-assimilation, k-fronting and s-insertion is different. k-fronting and s-insertion are limited in their application to the diminutive suffix and are as such lexical modifications. n-assimilation is shown to apply also across word boundaries and is a post-lexical modification. This allows for a straightforward description in stratal OT and for a better understanding of the data observed.

Research paper thumbnail of Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 2009

Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory, 2011

1. Introduction 2. Expressing contrast in Romanian: The conjunction iar (by Bilbiie, Gabriela) 3.... more 1. Introduction 2. Expressing contrast in Romanian: The conjunction iar (by Bilbiie, Gabriela) 3. When the benefit is on the fringe (by Boneh, Nora) 4. Degree fronting in Quebec French and the syntactic structure of degree quantifier DPs (by Bouchard, David-Etienne) 5. On sentence-internal le meme ('the same') in French and pluractionality (by Charnavel, Isabelle) 6. Topic prominence is not a factor of variation between Brazilian and European Portuguese (by Costa, Joao) 7. When Dialectology studies contribute to lexical semantics and to Etymology: The contribution of the Romance language area (by Dalbera, Jean-Philippe) 8. Cartography and agrammatic syntactic production in Ibero-Romance (by Gavarro, Anna) 9. The valuation of gender agreement in DP: Evidence from Afro-Bolivian Spanish (by Gutierrez-Rexach, Javier) 10. (Definite) denotation and case in Romance: History and variation (by Manzini, Maria Rita) 11. Compounding in Romance and English (by Marchis, Michaela) 12. Epistemic modals in the past (by Martin, Fabienne) 13. Floating parenthetical coordinate clauses (by Matos, Maria Gabriela Ardisson Pereira de) 14. Unfortunate questions: Evaluative adverbs in questions in French (by Mayol, Laia) 15. Typology or reconstruction: The benefits of Dialectology for diachronic analysis (by Olivieri, Michele) 16. Sentential coordination and ellipsis: Free exceptives in Spanish (by Perez-Jimenez, Isabel) 17. Underapplication of vowel reduction to schwa in Majorcan Catalan productive derivation and verbal inflection (by Pons-Moll, Claudia) 18. Focus and the development of N-words in Spanish (by Poole, Geoffrey) 19. On verbal duplication in River Plate Spanish: Anti-adjacency and head copy deletion (by Saab, Andres) 20. Stylistic Fronting and Remnant movement in Old French (by Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine) 21. Person restrictions and the representation of third person - an argument from Barceloni Catalan (by Walkow, Martin) 22. Definite DPs without lexical nouns in French: Clausal modifiers and relativization (by Zribi-Hertz, Anne) 23. Index

Research paper thumbnail of Why Lenition Interactions Are Typically Counter-Feeding

Contributions of Romance Languages to Current Linguistic Theory, 2019

Typologically, the interaction between voicing and spirantization processes applies predominantly... more Typologically, the interaction between voicing and spirantization processes applies predominantly in a counter-feeding fashion, and, more rarely in a feeding one. After providing some relevant data from contemporary Romance varieties that illustrate this state of affairs, this paper first discusses why this is problematic for previous theoretical analyses, both from a rule-based and from a constraint-based perspective of phonology. A novel way of evaluating constraints will be proposed which locally evaluates only output candidates that have undergone one single change to satisfy the relevant markedness constraint at hand. On the one hand, this allows to describe both types of interaction (feeding and counter-feeding) which thus far was quite problematic for OT. On the other hand, we will illustrate that, in perception, this makes a feeding interaction computationally more complicated than a counter-feeding one, which is, we claim, the reason for the typological unmarkedness of the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Romance Lenition: Considering Martinet’s Model

Both diachronically and synchronically, lenition shows a clear non-neutralizing tendency (Martine... more Both diachronically and synchronically, lenition shows a clear non-neutralizing tendency (Martinet, 1955 ; Bichakjian, 1977 ; Gurevich, 2004). In this article, we will critically review approaches based on constraints of the type *NoMerge or *Neut, approaches based on local constraint conjunction and a recent analysis based on comparative markedness. After that, we will illustrate how the romance facts can be analyzed with OT-CC and argue that markedness constraints are a crucial ingredient of phonological theory.

Research paper thumbnail of Feature geometry

Understanding Phonology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of French loanwords in Korean

Romance Linguistics 2013, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of On the Change from Left to Right Word-Edhe Main Stress in Icelandic, Polish and Latin

Nordic Journal of Linguistics (Trykt Utg.), 2003

A shift from left to right word-edge main stress can be observed in a large number of languages. ... more A shift from left to right word-edge main stress can be observed in a large number of languages. Three cases, Icelandic/Faroese, Polish and Latin are studied in this paper. In doing so, two descriptive rule-based models are compared in order to evaluate their descriptive and explicative adequacy. The causes that have been proposed for the observed changes are critically discussed. Finally, an OT-description of the case studies is provided.

Research paper thumbnail of The Change From Left Word-Edge Stress To Right Word-Edge Stress

This paper presents and discusses a prosodic development shared by an impressively large number o... more This paper presents and discusses a prosodic development shared by an impressively large number of languages in their historical evolution: a shift from main stress from the left word-edge to the right word-edge. One particular example is discussed in more detail: the evolution from Pre-classical to Classical Latin. The analysis of intermediate Early Classical Latin is contrasted in two descriptive models, putting the balance in favor of one of them. The causal factors for the change are claimed to be the indeterminacy in the data, reinforced by emerging quantity-sensitivity and pre-stressing suffixes.

Research paper thumbnail of Lenition and Optimality Theory

Since Kiparsky (1968) generative historical phonology has relied primarily on the following means... more Since Kiparsky (1968) generative historical phonology has relied primarily on the following means in accounting for sound change: rule addition, rule simplification, rule loss and rule reordering. Given that the phonological rule as such no longer exists in the recently proposed framework of Optimality theory (cf. Prince and Smolensky 1993), the question arises how sound change can be accounted for in this theory.

Research paper thumbnail of Connecting underlying and surface representations

Understanding Phonology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Making the form fit

Understanding Phonology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Levels of representation

Research paper thumbnail of Transparency and opacity with rules and constraints

Research paper thumbnail of Exploiting the feature tree

Research paper thumbnail of Describing places of articulation

Understanding Phonology, Fourth Edition provides a clear, accessible and broad introduction to Ph... more Understanding Phonology, Fourth Edition provides a clear, accessible and broad introduction to Phonology. Introducing basic concepts, it provides a comprehensive account of phonological issues such as segmental contrasts; syllables and moras; quan tity, tone, intonation and stress; feature geometry; and prosodic constituent structure. This new edition has been reorganized and revised with key features including: • A brand new eResource at www.routledge.com/9781138961425, which contains a full answer key for all exercises, and audio recordings of illustrative examples; • Illustrations in languages from all six continents and all major language fami lies, including Arabic, Mandarin, Finnish, Zulu and Hawaiian; • Over 140 exercises to test understanding, including new exercises involving larger data sets; • Revised coverage of tone, stress and opacity in OT. Understanding Phonology is essential reading for students coming to this topic for the first time.

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding Phonology

Understanding Phonology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Michele Loporcaro (2015). Vowel length from Latin to Romance. (Oxford Studies in Diachronic and Historic Linguistics 10.) Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp. xvii + 306

Research paper thumbnail of An Optimality-Theoretic analysis of phonological and syntactic aspects of enclisis and proclisis in Old French, Brazilian and European Portuguese," to appear

In Old French, monosyllabic unstressed function words could be pronounced either as part

Research paper thumbnail of Optimality Theory and sound change

Research paper thumbnail of Moras are about length not about weight

Linguistics in the Netherlands

Expressing syllable weight by moras leads to two problems. First, there are languages, such as Wo... more Expressing syllable weight by moras leads to two problems. First, there are languages, such as Wolof, with long vowels and geminates, which both make a syllable bimoraic, but where only long vowels, but not geminates, count as heavy for stress. Second, there are languages in which closed syllables are light for stress, but heavy for segmental modifications (laryngeal metathesis in Cayuga and degemination in Chugach Alutiiq). It is argued that a two-layered mora model is not required and that a straightforward Harmonic Serialism is able to directly express that laryngeal metathesis and degemination make an unstressed syllable light.

Research paper thumbnail of A sightseeing diminutive tour in Limburgian

Linguistics in the Netherlands

This paper provides an overview, based on the MAND database and on additional recordings for Limb... more This paper provides an overview, based on the MAND database and on additional recordings for Limburgian Panningen, of diminutive formation in Limburgian and focuses on the status of n-assimilation. It is shown that both the presence and the absence of n-assimilaton poses problems both for existing phonological descriptions as well as for constraint-based approaches to phonology such as standard Optimality Theory. We will show that the nature of the three interacting modifications, that is n-assimilation, k-fronting and s-insertion is different. k-fronting and s-insertion are limited in their application to the diminutive suffix and are as such lexical modifications. n-assimilation is shown to apply also across word boundaries and is a post-lexical modification. This allows for a straightforward description in stratal OT and for a better understanding of the data observed.

Research paper thumbnail of Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 2009

Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory, 2011

1. Introduction 2. Expressing contrast in Romanian: The conjunction iar (by Bilbiie, Gabriela) 3.... more 1. Introduction 2. Expressing contrast in Romanian: The conjunction iar (by Bilbiie, Gabriela) 3. When the benefit is on the fringe (by Boneh, Nora) 4. Degree fronting in Quebec French and the syntactic structure of degree quantifier DPs (by Bouchard, David-Etienne) 5. On sentence-internal le meme ('the same') in French and pluractionality (by Charnavel, Isabelle) 6. Topic prominence is not a factor of variation between Brazilian and European Portuguese (by Costa, Joao) 7. When Dialectology studies contribute to lexical semantics and to Etymology: The contribution of the Romance language area (by Dalbera, Jean-Philippe) 8. Cartography and agrammatic syntactic production in Ibero-Romance (by Gavarro, Anna) 9. The valuation of gender agreement in DP: Evidence from Afro-Bolivian Spanish (by Gutierrez-Rexach, Javier) 10. (Definite) denotation and case in Romance: History and variation (by Manzini, Maria Rita) 11. Compounding in Romance and English (by Marchis, Michaela) 12. Epistemic modals in the past (by Martin, Fabienne) 13. Floating parenthetical coordinate clauses (by Matos, Maria Gabriela Ardisson Pereira de) 14. Unfortunate questions: Evaluative adverbs in questions in French (by Mayol, Laia) 15. Typology or reconstruction: The benefits of Dialectology for diachronic analysis (by Olivieri, Michele) 16. Sentential coordination and ellipsis: Free exceptives in Spanish (by Perez-Jimenez, Isabel) 17. Underapplication of vowel reduction to schwa in Majorcan Catalan productive derivation and verbal inflection (by Pons-Moll, Claudia) 18. Focus and the development of N-words in Spanish (by Poole, Geoffrey) 19. On verbal duplication in River Plate Spanish: Anti-adjacency and head copy deletion (by Saab, Andres) 20. Stylistic Fronting and Remnant movement in Old French (by Meklenborg Salvesen, Christine) 21. Person restrictions and the representation of third person - an argument from Barceloni Catalan (by Walkow, Martin) 22. Definite DPs without lexical nouns in French: Clausal modifiers and relativization (by Zribi-Hertz, Anne) 23. Index

Research paper thumbnail of Why Lenition Interactions Are Typically Counter-Feeding

Contributions of Romance Languages to Current Linguistic Theory, 2019

Typologically, the interaction between voicing and spirantization processes applies predominantly... more Typologically, the interaction between voicing and spirantization processes applies predominantly in a counter-feeding fashion, and, more rarely in a feeding one. After providing some relevant data from contemporary Romance varieties that illustrate this state of affairs, this paper first discusses why this is problematic for previous theoretical analyses, both from a rule-based and from a constraint-based perspective of phonology. A novel way of evaluating constraints will be proposed which locally evaluates only output candidates that have undergone one single change to satisfy the relevant markedness constraint at hand. On the one hand, this allows to describe both types of interaction (feeding and counter-feeding) which thus far was quite problematic for OT. On the other hand, we will illustrate that, in perception, this makes a feeding interaction computationally more complicated than a counter-feeding one, which is, we claim, the reason for the typological unmarkedness of the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Romance Lenition: Considering Martinet’s Model

Both diachronically and synchronically, lenition shows a clear non-neutralizing tendency (Martine... more Both diachronically and synchronically, lenition shows a clear non-neutralizing tendency (Martinet, 1955 ; Bichakjian, 1977 ; Gurevich, 2004). In this article, we will critically review approaches based on constraints of the type *NoMerge or *Neut, approaches based on local constraint conjunction and a recent analysis based on comparative markedness. After that, we will illustrate how the romance facts can be analyzed with OT-CC and argue that markedness constraints are a crucial ingredient of phonological theory.

Research paper thumbnail of Feature geometry

Understanding Phonology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of French loanwords in Korean

Romance Linguistics 2013, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of On the Change from Left to Right Word-Edhe Main Stress in Icelandic, Polish and Latin

Nordic Journal of Linguistics (Trykt Utg.), 2003

A shift from left to right word-edge main stress can be observed in a large number of languages. ... more A shift from left to right word-edge main stress can be observed in a large number of languages. Three cases, Icelandic/Faroese, Polish and Latin are studied in this paper. In doing so, two descriptive rule-based models are compared in order to evaluate their descriptive and explicative adequacy. The causes that have been proposed for the observed changes are critically discussed. Finally, an OT-description of the case studies is provided.

Research paper thumbnail of The Change From Left Word-Edge Stress To Right Word-Edge Stress

This paper presents and discusses a prosodic development shared by an impressively large number o... more This paper presents and discusses a prosodic development shared by an impressively large number of languages in their historical evolution: a shift from main stress from the left word-edge to the right word-edge. One particular example is discussed in more detail: the evolution from Pre-classical to Classical Latin. The analysis of intermediate Early Classical Latin is contrasted in two descriptive models, putting the balance in favor of one of them. The causal factors for the change are claimed to be the indeterminacy in the data, reinforced by emerging quantity-sensitivity and pre-stressing suffixes.

Research paper thumbnail of Lenition and Optimality Theory

Since Kiparsky (1968) generative historical phonology has relied primarily on the following means... more Since Kiparsky (1968) generative historical phonology has relied primarily on the following means in accounting for sound change: rule addition, rule simplification, rule loss and rule reordering. Given that the phonological rule as such no longer exists in the recently proposed framework of Optimality theory (cf. Prince and Smolensky 1993), the question arises how sound change can be accounted for in this theory.

Research paper thumbnail of Connecting underlying and surface representations

Understanding Phonology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Making the form fit

Understanding Phonology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Levels of representation

Research paper thumbnail of Transparency and opacity with rules and constraints

Research paper thumbnail of Exploiting the feature tree

Research paper thumbnail of Describing places of articulation

Understanding Phonology, Fourth Edition provides a clear, accessible and broad introduction to Ph... more Understanding Phonology, Fourth Edition provides a clear, accessible and broad introduction to Phonology. Introducing basic concepts, it provides a comprehensive account of phonological issues such as segmental contrasts; syllables and moras; quan tity, tone, intonation and stress; feature geometry; and prosodic constituent structure. This new edition has been reorganized and revised with key features including: • A brand new eResource at www.routledge.com/9781138961425, which contains a full answer key for all exercises, and audio recordings of illustrative examples; • Illustrations in languages from all six continents and all major language fami lies, including Arabic, Mandarin, Finnish, Zulu and Hawaiian; • Over 140 exercises to test understanding, including new exercises involving larger data sets; • Revised coverage of tone, stress and opacity in OT. Understanding Phonology is essential reading for students coming to this topic for the first time.

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding Phonology

Understanding Phonology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Michele Loporcaro (2015). Vowel length from Latin to Romance. (Oxford Studies in Diachronic and Historic Linguistics 10.) Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp. xvii + 306

Research paper thumbnail of An Optimality-Theoretic analysis of phonological and syntactic aspects of enclisis and proclisis in Old French, Brazilian and European Portuguese," to appear

In Old French, monosyllabic unstressed function words could be pronounced either as part

Research paper thumbnail of Optimality Theory and sound change