Haji Khan Khoharo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Haji Khan Khoharo
The professional medical journal, Jul 1, 2016
from December 2013-July 2014. Subjects and Methods: 77 smokers and 50 healthy controls were selec... more from December 2013-July 2014. Subjects and Methods: 77 smokers and 50 healthy controls were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Blood glucose, lipids, MDA, antioxidant enzymes (SOD & GPX), serum bilirubin and uric acid (UA) were measured. Data was analyzed on Statistic software 8.1 by student's t test and Chi square test. The significant p-value was taken at ≤ 0.05. Results: Anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD & GPX), blood lipids, lipid per oxidant marker; the MDA, bilirubin and UA showed statistically significant differences between smokers and controls (p<0.001). Total blood lipids and lipid sub fractions were elevated in smokers. MDA in smokers was 3.17±0.91 µmol/ml compared to 1.15±0.61 µmol/ml (p=0.001) in controls. Smokers showed reduced SOD, GPX, serum bilirubin and UA, was significant (p=0.0001) in comparison to controls. Conclusion: Cigarette smoke is a significant source of oxidative stress. Smoking increases malondialdehyde and reduces superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, uric acid and bilirubin.
JMED research, Mar 1, 2014
The present study was conducted to evaluate drug resistance patterns of salmonella enterica serot... more The present study was conducted to evaluate drug resistance patterns of salmonella enterica serotype typhi and paratyphi in enteric fever.
Sindh University Research Journal, 2015
Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) is a culinary spicy herb. Use of C. cassia for blood glucose regula... more Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) is a culinary spicy herb. Use of C. cassia for blood glucose regulation has been known since ancient days. The study was conducted to investigate effects of Cinnamomum cassia bark extract (CCBE) & Sitagliptin on β-cell of islets of Langerhas as evaluated by serum insulin and blood glucose. 30 Albino rats of either sex were studied. Blood samples were collected, stored and processed in postgraduate laboratory. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. (IBM, corporation, USA). P-value of significance was defined at ≤0.05. The C. cassia bark extract showed blood glucose lowering and insulin releasing effects comparable to sitagliptin. The effect was observed at both low and high doses of C.cassia. It is concluded that the C. cassia bark extract regulates blood glucose homeostasis and enhances insulin secretion from β-cells of islets of Langerhans.
JLUMHS, 2009
OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to determine the rising menace of multidrug resistant mycobact... more OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to determine the rising menace of multidrug resistant mycobacteria in Pulmonary tuberculosis. SUBJECTS & METHODS: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Muhammad Medical College Mirpurkhas, from ...
The Professional Medical Journal, 2021
Objective: To determine association of Serum Uric Acid levels (SUA) in subjects suffering Systemi... more Objective: To determine association of Serum Uric Acid levels (SUA) in subjects suffering Systemic Blood Pressure and to determine its association with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Faculty of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Period: January 2018 to September 2019. Material & Methods: 150 diagnosed cases of systemic hypertension and 150 controls were selected though non-probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 2 ml venous blood was taken, centrifuged and sera were used for uric acid. Data was saved in a pre- structured Performa. Statistical software (SPSS v 21.0, IBM, Incorporation, USA) of data variables was analyzed at 95% CI (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Serum uric acid in controls was 2.93±0.72 compared to cases 4.25±1.44 mg/dl (P=0.0001). Hyperuricemia was observed in 58 (38.6%) cases compared to 23 (15.3%) controls. Uric acid shows ...
The Professional Medical Journal, 2016
Objectives: To determine superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GPX), and malondialde... more Objectives: To determine superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GPX), and malondialdehyde (MDA), uric acid and serum bilirubin in healthy adult smokers.Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration: Liaquat University of Medical andHealth Sciences Hospital. Hyderabad, Sindh from December 2013 - July 2014. Subjects andMethods: 77 smokers and 50 healthy controls were selected through non-probability purposivesampling. Blood glucose, lipids, MDA, antioxidant enzymes (SOD & GPX), serum bilirubin anduric acid (UA) were measured. Data was analyzed on Statistic software 8.1 by student’s t testand Chi square test. The significant p-value was taken at ≤ 0.05. Results: Anti-oxidant enzymes(SOD & GPX), blood lipids, lipid per oxidant marker; the MDA, bilirubin and UA showedstatistically significant differences between smokers and controls (p<0.001). Total blood lipidsand lipid sub fractions were elevated in smokers. MDA in smokers was 3.17±0.91 μmol/mlcompared to 1.15±0.6...
JLUMHS, 2009
... East Mediterr Health J 2002; 8:574-8. 8. Rashid T, Haroon TS. Cutaneous manifestations of dia... more ... East Mediterr Health J 2002; 8:574-8. 8. Rashid T, Haroon TS. Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus. A study from Lahore. Pak J Med Sci 1997;13(3) : 217-24 14 Haji Khan Khoharo, Shuaib Ansari and Fatima Qureshi Isolated organism Frequency % ...
J Coll Physicians Surg …, 2009
The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in... more The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of DM is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The urban population in developing countries is projected ...
International Journal of Surgery and Medicine, 2017
J Coll Physicians Surg …, 2009
The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in... more The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of DM is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The urban population in developing countries is projected ...
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2012
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the QTc-interval, heart rate variability and postural hypotension in predic... more OBJECTIVE To evaluate the QTc-interval, heart rate variability and postural hypotension in predicting cardiac autonomic neruopathy (CAN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients METHODS The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Muhammad Medical College Hospital, Mirpurkhas, Sindh, from September 2008 to December 2009. A total of 186 type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with a QTc value of > 440 ms were studied. The QT interval was measured on electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings. The patients with HbA1c levels < or = 7% were considered as well-controlled. A cut-off of 5 years was selected for the known duration of diabetes. The longest and shortest R-R intervals on ECG, and heart rate variability (HRV) were determined. An HRV of less than 20 beats per minute was accepted as CAN. The relationship of postural hypotension (PH) and heart rate variability to the duration and control of diabetes were also evaluated. The relationship of cardiac...
To investigate hepatoprotective effect of concentrated prune juice extract (CPJ) against carbon t... more To investigate hepatoprotective effect of concentrated prune juice extract (CPJ) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver injury in albino rat model. Animal House, Isra University Hyderabad from May to December 2012. Subjects and Methods: Forty five albino rats were divided into three groups; Group1. Controls received 0.9% isotonic saline, Group 2. Received CCl4 orally (1.9mg/kg) mixed in olive oil, and Group 3. received the CCl4+CPJ. Blood samples were collected for liver biochemical assays. The animals were sacrificed, liver tissue, after fixation in 4% formaldehyde, was embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections of 5μ thickness were subjected to haematoxylin and eosin staining and were assessed by light microscopy. The data was analyzed on Statistix 8.1 using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc test. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was taken statistically significant. The liver biochemical and histological findings reveal statistically significant differences among the controls, CC...
Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences, 2009
Objective: A prospective evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test Dot EIA (Typhidot) for typhoidfeve... more Objective: A prospective evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test Dot EIA (Typhidot) for typhoidfever. Study design & duration: This prospective study was undertaken in a tertiary hospital from April2007 to July 2008. Research Methodology: The patients were divided into three groups as I, II & III with typhoidfever, typhoid suspects & non-typhoid febrile illnesses respectively. Blood culture and typhidottests were done for the subjects included in the study. The validity of the typhidot test was evaluatedby determining the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. Results: The mean age in years was 28±19 (SD). Out of 150 subjects, males were more thanfemales. The typhidot IgM yielded very high sensitivity, specificity and a negative predictive valuenoted in group I = 93% & 98.80% 93% respectively and in group II= 79%, 98.80%, & 83%respectively where as in group III (non-typhoid febrile controls), the IgM antibodies were notdetected at all (p=0.01). Sensitivity, ...
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2011
OBJECTIVE To determine the resistance patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates among... more OBJECTIVE To determine the resistance patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates among category I and II patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS This cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, from November 2008 to September 2009. Patients were divided into category I and II. The sputa were collected, stained with Ziehl-Nielsen (Z-N) staining and ultimately inoculated on Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) media for six weeks. Out of 890 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, the growth was obtained in 285 cases. The Drug sensitivity testing (DST) for Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RIF), Ethambutol (EMB) Pyrazinamide (PZA) and Streptomycin (SM) were performed. The data was analyzed on SPSS 10.0. A p-value of <0.05 was taken as significant. RESULT Out of 285 cases, 176 (61.75%) were male and 109 (38.24%) female. The mean age was 37 +/- 19.90 years. The DST showed drug sensitive and drug resistant ...
The present Observational study was conducted to estimate the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency and... more The present Observational study was conducted to estimate the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency and its association with dyslipidemia in type 2 Diabetes mellitus subjects at the Department of Medicine, Isra University Hospital and Consultant Clinics Hyderabad from January 2014 to July 2014. A sample of 310 diagnosed type 2 DM were selected through non-probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum 25-OH-D3 was estimated by ARCHITECT I 1000 system. Lipids sub fractions were analyzed according to standard methods. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by student’s t test and chi square test respectively. The associations of various lipid fractions with vitamin D3 were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation. The significant p-value was taken at ≤ 0.05. Reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were observed in 84.1% (n = 261). The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels as low as 6n...
Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, 2011
ABSTRACT To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of general practitioners regarding tetan... more ABSTRACT To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of general practitioners regarding tetanus immunization in adults. The study was conducted in District Central, Karachi. This was a Knowledge, Attitude and practices (KAP) survey. From a list of 1050 general practitioners (GPs), 100 were selected through simple random sampling and interviewed through a written questionnaire. Only 25% general practitioners had adequate knowledge about pre-exposure and 13% both pre- and post-exposure tetanus immunization. All were ready to participate in any program to update their knowledge. Ninety seven percent were practicing only post-exposure immunization. In unimmunized patients with history of road side/street injury, 55% started tetanus immunization with tetanus toxoid (TT) only, 43% with Anti Tetanus Serum/Tetanus Immunoglobin (ATS/TIG) and only 2% with both TT and ATS/TIG. Only 13% GPs advised their patients to complete three doses of tetanus toxoid after initial contact. As majority of GPs had poor knowledge and incorrect practices so interventions like seminars and display of immunization protocols in the clinics are recommended.
Objective: The present study was conducted to analyze Anticardiolipin antibodies in women with re... more Objective: The present study was conducted to analyze Anticardiolipin antibodies in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Methods: This was a case control study conducted from January to December 2013. A sample of 136 women, comprising of 68 cases and equal number of controls was selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Strict history protocol was mandatory for women with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Women with history of immune, rheumatic, endocrine and thrombo-embolic disorders were excluded. Patients were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Anticardiolipin antibodies were estimated by ELISA method. Data were analysed on SPSS21. Results: Anticardiolipin antibodies were detected in 16.19% and 4.41% in cases and controls respectively. Mean serum levels of anticardiolipin antibodies were 9.15±3.73 and 7.35±2.74 RU/ml respectively. Platelet counts, prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin revealed no significant differences between grou...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Vitamin D in Pulmonary tuberculosis and normal healthy adults. STUDY DESIG... more OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Vitamin D in Pulmonary tuberculosis and normal healthy adults. STUDY DESIGN: Case control study. PLACE AND DURATION: Department of Medicine, Isra University Hospital Hyderabad, from January 2013June 2014. SUBJECTS & METHODS: A sample of 209 diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients was selected through non-probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. After taking informed written consent from the participants, Vitamin D was measured by ARCHITECT I 1000 system for estimation of 25-OHD3. . The data was recorded on a pre-structured proforma, and analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. The significant p-value was taken at ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: The mean ±S.D serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in cases and controls were 27.1±9.7 and 36.8±8.1 (ngdl) respectively (p=0.0001).The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels as low as 6 ng/dl were observed in pulmonary tuberculosis subjects. The normal, insufficiency and deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were observe...
To investigate azathioprine (AZA) induced hepatotoxicity and possible protective role of Zinc sul... more To investigate azathioprine (AZA) induced hepatotoxicity and possible protective role of Zinc sulphate in rabbit model. Experimental/Analytical study. Animal House, Isra University Hyderabad from July 2010 to November 2011. Eighty rabbits were studied at animal house of Isra University according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group 1. Controls (n=20) Rabbits received 0.9% isotonic saline orally Group 2. (n=20) Azathioprine 15 mg/kg. Group 3. (n=20) Azathioprine 15 mg/kg body + Zinc sulphate 1mg/kg orally & Group 4. (n=20) Azathioprine 15 mg/kg body + Zinc sulphate 2 mg/kg orally for four weeks. Blood samples were collected from tail veins. The animals were sacrificed, liver tissue, after fixation in 4% formaldehyde, was embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections of 5μ thickness were subjected to haematoxylin and eosin staining and were assessed by light microscopy. The data was analyzed on Statistix 8.1 using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc test. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was t...
Objective: To evaluate azathioprine (AZA) induced liver injury and protective effects of Zinc sul... more Objective: To evaluate azathioprine (AZA) induced liver injury and protective effects of Zinc sulphate (Zn) and L Ascorbic acid (AA) in rabbit model. This experimental-analytical study was carried out at animal house of Isra University, Hyderabad from July 2013 to November 2014. Methods: One hundred rabbits were selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group 1 (Controls, n=20) were given 0.9% isotonic saline orally, Group 2 (n=20) AZA, Group 3 (n=20) AZA+Zn, Group 4 (n=20) AZA+AA and Group 5 (n=20) AZA+Zn+AA orally for 4 weeks. At end of 4th week, the rabbits were sacrificed. Abdomen was incised in midline and liver was removed, fixed in 4% formaldehyde and was paraffin embedded. 5 micron thick liver tissue sections were stained with Haematoxylin & Eosin. Data was completed using Statistix 8.1 and Chi-square test, and p≤0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The liver histological findings showed significant differences among the controls, AZA, AZA+Zn, AZA+AA and AZA+Zn...
The professional medical journal, Jul 1, 2016
from December 2013-July 2014. Subjects and Methods: 77 smokers and 50 healthy controls were selec... more from December 2013-July 2014. Subjects and Methods: 77 smokers and 50 healthy controls were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Blood glucose, lipids, MDA, antioxidant enzymes (SOD & GPX), serum bilirubin and uric acid (UA) were measured. Data was analyzed on Statistic software 8.1 by student's t test and Chi square test. The significant p-value was taken at ≤ 0.05. Results: Anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD & GPX), blood lipids, lipid per oxidant marker; the MDA, bilirubin and UA showed statistically significant differences between smokers and controls (p<0.001). Total blood lipids and lipid sub fractions were elevated in smokers. MDA in smokers was 3.17±0.91 µmol/ml compared to 1.15±0.61 µmol/ml (p=0.001) in controls. Smokers showed reduced SOD, GPX, serum bilirubin and UA, was significant (p=0.0001) in comparison to controls. Conclusion: Cigarette smoke is a significant source of oxidative stress. Smoking increases malondialdehyde and reduces superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, uric acid and bilirubin.
JMED research, Mar 1, 2014
The present study was conducted to evaluate drug resistance patterns of salmonella enterica serot... more The present study was conducted to evaluate drug resistance patterns of salmonella enterica serotype typhi and paratyphi in enteric fever.
Sindh University Research Journal, 2015
Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) is a culinary spicy herb. Use of C. cassia for blood glucose regula... more Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) is a culinary spicy herb. Use of C. cassia for blood glucose regulation has been known since ancient days. The study was conducted to investigate effects of Cinnamomum cassia bark extract (CCBE) & Sitagliptin on β-cell of islets of Langerhas as evaluated by serum insulin and blood glucose. 30 Albino rats of either sex were studied. Blood samples were collected, stored and processed in postgraduate laboratory. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. (IBM, corporation, USA). P-value of significance was defined at ≤0.05. The C. cassia bark extract showed blood glucose lowering and insulin releasing effects comparable to sitagliptin. The effect was observed at both low and high doses of C.cassia. It is concluded that the C. cassia bark extract regulates blood glucose homeostasis and enhances insulin secretion from β-cells of islets of Langerhans.
JLUMHS, 2009
OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to determine the rising menace of multidrug resistant mycobact... more OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to determine the rising menace of multidrug resistant mycobacteria in Pulmonary tuberculosis. SUBJECTS & METHODS: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Muhammad Medical College Mirpurkhas, from ...
The Professional Medical Journal, 2021
Objective: To determine association of Serum Uric Acid levels (SUA) in subjects suffering Systemi... more Objective: To determine association of Serum Uric Acid levels (SUA) in subjects suffering Systemic Blood Pressure and to determine its association with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Faculty of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Period: January 2018 to September 2019. Material & Methods: 150 diagnosed cases of systemic hypertension and 150 controls were selected though non-probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 2 ml venous blood was taken, centrifuged and sera were used for uric acid. Data was saved in a pre- structured Performa. Statistical software (SPSS v 21.0, IBM, Incorporation, USA) of data variables was analyzed at 95% CI (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Serum uric acid in controls was 2.93±0.72 compared to cases 4.25±1.44 mg/dl (P=0.0001). Hyperuricemia was observed in 58 (38.6%) cases compared to 23 (15.3%) controls. Uric acid shows ...
The Professional Medical Journal, 2016
Objectives: To determine superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GPX), and malondialde... more Objectives: To determine superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GPX), and malondialdehyde (MDA), uric acid and serum bilirubin in healthy adult smokers.Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration: Liaquat University of Medical andHealth Sciences Hospital. Hyderabad, Sindh from December 2013 - July 2014. Subjects andMethods: 77 smokers and 50 healthy controls were selected through non-probability purposivesampling. Blood glucose, lipids, MDA, antioxidant enzymes (SOD & GPX), serum bilirubin anduric acid (UA) were measured. Data was analyzed on Statistic software 8.1 by student’s t testand Chi square test. The significant p-value was taken at ≤ 0.05. Results: Anti-oxidant enzymes(SOD & GPX), blood lipids, lipid per oxidant marker; the MDA, bilirubin and UA showedstatistically significant differences between smokers and controls (p<0.001). Total blood lipidsand lipid sub fractions were elevated in smokers. MDA in smokers was 3.17±0.91 μmol/mlcompared to 1.15±0.6...
JLUMHS, 2009
... East Mediterr Health J 2002; 8:574-8. 8. Rashid T, Haroon TS. Cutaneous manifestations of dia... more ... East Mediterr Health J 2002; 8:574-8. 8. Rashid T, Haroon TS. Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus. A study from Lahore. Pak J Med Sci 1997;13(3) : 217-24 14 Haji Khan Khoharo, Shuaib Ansari and Fatima Qureshi Isolated organism Frequency % ...
J Coll Physicians Surg …, 2009
The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in... more The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of DM is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The urban population in developing countries is projected ...
International Journal of Surgery and Medicine, 2017
J Coll Physicians Surg …, 2009
The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in... more The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for all age groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of DM is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The urban population in developing countries is projected ...
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2012
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the QTc-interval, heart rate variability and postural hypotension in predic... more OBJECTIVE To evaluate the QTc-interval, heart rate variability and postural hypotension in predicting cardiac autonomic neruopathy (CAN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients METHODS The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Muhammad Medical College Hospital, Mirpurkhas, Sindh, from September 2008 to December 2009. A total of 186 type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with a QTc value of > 440 ms were studied. The QT interval was measured on electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings. The patients with HbA1c levels < or = 7% were considered as well-controlled. A cut-off of 5 years was selected for the known duration of diabetes. The longest and shortest R-R intervals on ECG, and heart rate variability (HRV) were determined. An HRV of less than 20 beats per minute was accepted as CAN. The relationship of postural hypotension (PH) and heart rate variability to the duration and control of diabetes were also evaluated. The relationship of cardiac...
To investigate hepatoprotective effect of concentrated prune juice extract (CPJ) against carbon t... more To investigate hepatoprotective effect of concentrated prune juice extract (CPJ) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver injury in albino rat model. Animal House, Isra University Hyderabad from May to December 2012. Subjects and Methods: Forty five albino rats were divided into three groups; Group1. Controls received 0.9% isotonic saline, Group 2. Received CCl4 orally (1.9mg/kg) mixed in olive oil, and Group 3. received the CCl4+CPJ. Blood samples were collected for liver biochemical assays. The animals were sacrificed, liver tissue, after fixation in 4% formaldehyde, was embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections of 5μ thickness were subjected to haematoxylin and eosin staining and were assessed by light microscopy. The data was analyzed on Statistix 8.1 using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc test. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was taken statistically significant. The liver biochemical and histological findings reveal statistically significant differences among the controls, CC...
Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences, 2009
Objective: A prospective evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test Dot EIA (Typhidot) for typhoidfeve... more Objective: A prospective evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test Dot EIA (Typhidot) for typhoidfever. Study design & duration: This prospective study was undertaken in a tertiary hospital from April2007 to July 2008. Research Methodology: The patients were divided into three groups as I, II & III with typhoidfever, typhoid suspects & non-typhoid febrile illnesses respectively. Blood culture and typhidottests were done for the subjects included in the study. The validity of the typhidot test was evaluatedby determining the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. Results: The mean age in years was 28±19 (SD). Out of 150 subjects, males were more thanfemales. The typhidot IgM yielded very high sensitivity, specificity and a negative predictive valuenoted in group I = 93% & 98.80% 93% respectively and in group II= 79%, 98.80%, & 83%respectively where as in group III (non-typhoid febrile controls), the IgM antibodies were notdetected at all (p=0.01). Sensitivity, ...
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2011
OBJECTIVE To determine the resistance patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates among... more OBJECTIVE To determine the resistance patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates among category I and II patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS This cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, from November 2008 to September 2009. Patients were divided into category I and II. The sputa were collected, stained with Ziehl-Nielsen (Z-N) staining and ultimately inoculated on Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) media for six weeks. Out of 890 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, the growth was obtained in 285 cases. The Drug sensitivity testing (DST) for Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RIF), Ethambutol (EMB) Pyrazinamide (PZA) and Streptomycin (SM) were performed. The data was analyzed on SPSS 10.0. A p-value of <0.05 was taken as significant. RESULT Out of 285 cases, 176 (61.75%) were male and 109 (38.24%) female. The mean age was 37 +/- 19.90 years. The DST showed drug sensitive and drug resistant ...
The present Observational study was conducted to estimate the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency and... more The present Observational study was conducted to estimate the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency and its association with dyslipidemia in type 2 Diabetes mellitus subjects at the Department of Medicine, Isra University Hospital and Consultant Clinics Hyderabad from January 2014 to July 2014. A sample of 310 diagnosed type 2 DM were selected through non-probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum 25-OH-D3 was estimated by ARCHITECT I 1000 system. Lipids sub fractions were analyzed according to standard methods. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by student’s t test and chi square test respectively. The associations of various lipid fractions with vitamin D3 were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation. The significant p-value was taken at ≤ 0.05. Reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were observed in 84.1% (n = 261). The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels as low as 6n...
Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, 2011
ABSTRACT To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of general practitioners regarding tetan... more ABSTRACT To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of general practitioners regarding tetanus immunization in adults. The study was conducted in District Central, Karachi. This was a Knowledge, Attitude and practices (KAP) survey. From a list of 1050 general practitioners (GPs), 100 were selected through simple random sampling and interviewed through a written questionnaire. Only 25% general practitioners had adequate knowledge about pre-exposure and 13% both pre- and post-exposure tetanus immunization. All were ready to participate in any program to update their knowledge. Ninety seven percent were practicing only post-exposure immunization. In unimmunized patients with history of road side/street injury, 55% started tetanus immunization with tetanus toxoid (TT) only, 43% with Anti Tetanus Serum/Tetanus Immunoglobin (ATS/TIG) and only 2% with both TT and ATS/TIG. Only 13% GPs advised their patients to complete three doses of tetanus toxoid after initial contact. As majority of GPs had poor knowledge and incorrect practices so interventions like seminars and display of immunization protocols in the clinics are recommended.
Objective: The present study was conducted to analyze Anticardiolipin antibodies in women with re... more Objective: The present study was conducted to analyze Anticardiolipin antibodies in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Methods: This was a case control study conducted from January to December 2013. A sample of 136 women, comprising of 68 cases and equal number of controls was selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Strict history protocol was mandatory for women with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Women with history of immune, rheumatic, endocrine and thrombo-embolic disorders were excluded. Patients were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Anticardiolipin antibodies were estimated by ELISA method. Data were analysed on SPSS21. Results: Anticardiolipin antibodies were detected in 16.19% and 4.41% in cases and controls respectively. Mean serum levels of anticardiolipin antibodies were 9.15±3.73 and 7.35±2.74 RU/ml respectively. Platelet counts, prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin revealed no significant differences between grou...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Vitamin D in Pulmonary tuberculosis and normal healthy adults. STUDY DESIG... more OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Vitamin D in Pulmonary tuberculosis and normal healthy adults. STUDY DESIGN: Case control study. PLACE AND DURATION: Department of Medicine, Isra University Hospital Hyderabad, from January 2013June 2014. SUBJECTS & METHODS: A sample of 209 diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients was selected through non-probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. After taking informed written consent from the participants, Vitamin D was measured by ARCHITECT I 1000 system for estimation of 25-OHD3. . The data was recorded on a pre-structured proforma, and analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. The significant p-value was taken at ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: The mean ±S.D serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in cases and controls were 27.1±9.7 and 36.8±8.1 (ngdl) respectively (p=0.0001).The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels as low as 6 ng/dl were observed in pulmonary tuberculosis subjects. The normal, insufficiency and deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were observe...
To investigate azathioprine (AZA) induced hepatotoxicity and possible protective role of Zinc sul... more To investigate azathioprine (AZA) induced hepatotoxicity and possible protective role of Zinc sulphate in rabbit model. Experimental/Analytical study. Animal House, Isra University Hyderabad from July 2010 to November 2011. Eighty rabbits were studied at animal house of Isra University according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group 1. Controls (n=20) Rabbits received 0.9% isotonic saline orally Group 2. (n=20) Azathioprine 15 mg/kg. Group 3. (n=20) Azathioprine 15 mg/kg body + Zinc sulphate 1mg/kg orally & Group 4. (n=20) Azathioprine 15 mg/kg body + Zinc sulphate 2 mg/kg orally for four weeks. Blood samples were collected from tail veins. The animals were sacrificed, liver tissue, after fixation in 4% formaldehyde, was embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections of 5μ thickness were subjected to haematoxylin and eosin staining and were assessed by light microscopy. The data was analyzed on Statistix 8.1 using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc test. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was t...
Objective: To evaluate azathioprine (AZA) induced liver injury and protective effects of Zinc sul... more Objective: To evaluate azathioprine (AZA) induced liver injury and protective effects of Zinc sulphate (Zn) and L Ascorbic acid (AA) in rabbit model. This experimental-analytical study was carried out at animal house of Isra University, Hyderabad from July 2013 to November 2014. Methods: One hundred rabbits were selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group 1 (Controls, n=20) were given 0.9% isotonic saline orally, Group 2 (n=20) AZA, Group 3 (n=20) AZA+Zn, Group 4 (n=20) AZA+AA and Group 5 (n=20) AZA+Zn+AA orally for 4 weeks. At end of 4th week, the rabbits were sacrificed. Abdomen was incised in midline and liver was removed, fixed in 4% formaldehyde and was paraffin embedded. 5 micron thick liver tissue sections were stained with Haematoxylin & Eosin. Data was completed using Statistix 8.1 and Chi-square test, and p≤0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The liver histological findings showed significant differences among the controls, AZA, AZA+Zn, AZA+AA and AZA+Zn...