Hala Sanad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hala Sanad
Scientific African, Jun 1, 2024
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Jan 11, 2021
Background: while vitamin D deficiency is acknowledged as a leading dietary health problem in mos... more Background: while vitamin D deficiency is acknowledged as a leading dietary health problem in most Arab countries, limited information exists on the perceptions and practices of adult men and women towards this condition. Methods: A sample of subjects age 18 years and older was obtained using a cross-sectional study design. A previously tested self-administered questionnaire was employed to obtain data from participants on their socio-demographic characteristics, perceptions and practices towards vitamin D health related items. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were performed in order to identify the independent factors. Results: A total number of 335 subjects were included in the sample. The mean age of the participants was 32.6±11.5 years and females comprised 67.8% of the sample. The practice of consuming food items rich in vitamin D was significantly higher among those subjects with higher levels of education (p value = 0.04). In addition, the consumption of vitamin D fortified food items was significantly higher among females compared to males (OR = 2.70; 95% CI 1.34 to 5.43). The eagerness of the participants to have undergone a vitamin D blood testing in the past was significantly related to their level of education. Further, such a decision to take the test has had a significant impact on their current practice to consume daily vitamin D supplements (OR = 131.82; 95% CI 56.92 to 305.28). Conclusion: In view of the apparent consumers unfavorable perceptions towards the intake of vitamin D fortified food items, consumption of vitamin D supplements and need for vitamin D testing, effective strategies are urgently required to improve public practices towards vitamin D.
Oman Medical Journal, May 19, 2019
A ntibiotics have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from classical and opportunistic infect... more A ntibiotics have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from classical and opportunistic infections in the last few decades. 1 Contrasting the gains made, the accelerated global consumption of antibiotics and lapses in the infection prevention and control practices, have hastened the frequency and severity of antibiotic resistance (AR). On average, 2 million people become infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and 23 000 people die each year in the US. In the European Union, AR causes 25 000 deaths and 2.5 million extra hospital days per year. 2 Mediterranean countries record the highest prevalence of AR. Relatively, southern, Mediterranean, and eastern countries tend to have higher overall use of antibiotics (daily doses/1000 people) than the northern European countries. 3,4 Among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with probable unregulated prescribing practice and an unaudited use of antibiotics, the prevalence of AR has been reported to be rising. 5
Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research
PurposeThe aim of this study is to assess the perceived quality of life of Bahraini patients with... more PurposeThe aim of this study is to assess the perceived quality of life of Bahraini patients with heart failure.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 250 patients aged 18 years and older was recruited using a cross-sectional design. Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire version three was employed to obtain data from participants on their socio-demographic characteristics and their perceived quality of life.FindingsThe mean age of patients was 69.0 ± 8.1 years and 78% were males. Almost half of the patients with third/fourth degree heart failure had difficulties in earning a living (48.4%) since they had long periods of hospital stays (49.2%). The quality of life is inversely proportional to the age of the patients with third/fourth degree heart failure (p < 0.001). Most of the patients had a poor quality of life (74.8%); about 21.6% had a moderate quality of life, while only few patients (3.6%) had a good quality of life.Originality/valueThe quality of life among Bah...
Egyptian Journal of Health Care, Mar 1, 2022
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem in many countries, including Bahrain.... more Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem in many countries, including Bahrain. However, little data exists about the awareness and the level of knowledge of vitamin D among Arab Gulf populations. Method: A cross-sectional study design was employed. A self-administered questionnaire was administered to an adult sample of 335 participants seeking information on their knowledge about vitamin D. Findings: 81.2% of the study participants had unsatisfactory total knowledge score of vitamin D. Level of education and the sources of information about vitamin D were the main significant factors that appear to influence the participants’ vitamin D awareness status. Most the participants recognized that exposure to sunlight encourages the production of vitamin D, however, only a small proportion of participants were aware of the sources of vitamin D in daily food intake and health consequences of vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: There is inadequate knowledge and awareness re...
Nurses specialized in heart failure management constitute a vital key agent in assessing the sign... more Nurses specialized in heart failure management constitute a vital key agent in assessing the signs and symptoms of cardiac deterioration, monitor therapy compliance, afford education, psychosocial support, and counseling. Additionally, they act as the healthcare liaison for the patients and their families at any stage of the disease. The study aimed to assess cardiac care nurses' knowledge and attitude towards management of patients with heart failure. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 153 nurses. The data was collected through selfadministered questionnaire. Findings: The study findings revealed generally low knowledge of the management of patients with heart failure among the nurses. Moreover, the nurses’ attitudes towards management of heart failure patients tended to be positive. Conclusion: The nurses do not have an adequate knowledge of the managing heart failure patients whereas their related attitudes tend to be positive. ...
Background: Anxiety and stress among nursing students are challenge for academic education and a ... more Background: Anxiety and stress among nursing students are challenge for academic education and a need exists to explore the factors that contribute to such phenomena among Arab culture. Objective: To assess the anxiety and stress levels among junior nursing students at College of Health Sciences (CHS), University of Bahrain (UoB) during their initial clinical exposure. Material and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was employed to gather data on perceived stress (5 points likert scale), perceived anxiety (4 points likert scale) and socio-demographic characteristics from 93 second year nursing students at CHS (a response rate of 77.5%). The total scores for each item were summed and average scores were calculated accordingly. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken in order to identify significant factors that influence anxiety and /or stress levels among students. The p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: About four-f...
Background: Self-body examination considered one of the most important health strategies for disc... more Background: Self-body examination considered one of the most important health strategies for discovery, early detection & management of many health problems among adolescent age. Aim & design: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Self-body Examination instructional guide for Early Detection of Physical and Reproductive Health Problems among Adolescent Girls. The design of the study was Quasi-experimental. Setting: The study was conducted at Technical Institute of Nursing, & Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University. The subjects involved unmarried female student nurse at first academic year 2014 – 2015. Sample: Purposive sample consisted of 63 nursing students. Tools: Data were collected through three Tools (structured interviewing questionnaire, performance check lists, and follow up card). Results: The study revealed that there was statistically significant difference between pre-intervention program compared to post 1 month and post 2 months regarding practice of selfbody ex...
Oman Medical Journal, 2019
A ntibiotics have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from classical and opportunistic infect... more A ntibiotics have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from classical and opportunistic infections in the last few decades. 1 Contrasting the gains made, the accelerated global consumption of antibiotics and lapses in the infection prevention and control practices, have hastened the frequency and severity of antibiotic resistance (AR). On average, 2 million people become infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and 23 000 people die each year in the US. In the European Union, AR causes 25 000 deaths and 2.5 million extra hospital days per year. 2 Mediterranean countries record the highest prevalence of AR. Relatively, southern, Mediterranean, and eastern countries tend to have higher overall use of antibiotics (daily doses/1000 people) than the northern European countries. 3,4 Among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with probable unregulated prescribing practice and an unaudited use of antibiotics, the prevalence of AR has been reported to be rising. 5
International Journal of Nursing Education, 2016
The perception of nursing profession is an important factor in attracting the students to the stu... more The perception of nursing profession is an important factor in attracting the students to the study of nursing. The study aimed to describe nursing students’ perceptions of the nursing profession and their motivators to choose it as a career of choice at the College of Health Sciences in Bahrain.
Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 2016
b-carotene is a widely known carotenoid molecule, commercially used as food and feed additive, co... more b-carotene is a widely known carotenoid molecule, commercially used as food and feed additive, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. The current study investigates the usability of some agro-industrial by-products for b-carotene production by Serratia marcescens and optimizes the production process using Plackett-Burman Design (PBD) and central composite design (CCD). Rice bran, molasses and sugarcane bagasse were tested for their effects on b-carotene production by S. marcescens. Molasses was the high potent source for b-carotene production giving 1.1 mg/L after 2 days of incubation in the dark at 30°C on a rotary shaker at 150 rpm. PBD was used to evaluate the effect of lactose, sucrose, beef extract, peptone, NaCl, MgSO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , pH, inoculum size (ml/L) and agitation rate (rpm) on b-carotene production. Sucrose, lactose, peptone, beef extract, pH, inoculum size showed a positive sign of the effect on b-carotene production, while other factors showed a negative sign. The coefficient of determination, R 2 , was 0.9829, showing good fitness of the model. Factors screened by PBD were further optimized using CCD of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Central composite rotatable design was used to determine the optimum levels of three
Scientific African, Jun 1, 2024
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Jan 11, 2021
Background: while vitamin D deficiency is acknowledged as a leading dietary health problem in mos... more Background: while vitamin D deficiency is acknowledged as a leading dietary health problem in most Arab countries, limited information exists on the perceptions and practices of adult men and women towards this condition. Methods: A sample of subjects age 18 years and older was obtained using a cross-sectional study design. A previously tested self-administered questionnaire was employed to obtain data from participants on their socio-demographic characteristics, perceptions and practices towards vitamin D health related items. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were performed in order to identify the independent factors. Results: A total number of 335 subjects were included in the sample. The mean age of the participants was 32.6±11.5 years and females comprised 67.8% of the sample. The practice of consuming food items rich in vitamin D was significantly higher among those subjects with higher levels of education (p value = 0.04). In addition, the consumption of vitamin D fortified food items was significantly higher among females compared to males (OR = 2.70; 95% CI 1.34 to 5.43). The eagerness of the participants to have undergone a vitamin D blood testing in the past was significantly related to their level of education. Further, such a decision to take the test has had a significant impact on their current practice to consume daily vitamin D supplements (OR = 131.82; 95% CI 56.92 to 305.28). Conclusion: In view of the apparent consumers unfavorable perceptions towards the intake of vitamin D fortified food items, consumption of vitamin D supplements and need for vitamin D testing, effective strategies are urgently required to improve public practices towards vitamin D.
Oman Medical Journal, May 19, 2019
A ntibiotics have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from classical and opportunistic infect... more A ntibiotics have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from classical and opportunistic infections in the last few decades. 1 Contrasting the gains made, the accelerated global consumption of antibiotics and lapses in the infection prevention and control practices, have hastened the frequency and severity of antibiotic resistance (AR). On average, 2 million people become infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and 23 000 people die each year in the US. In the European Union, AR causes 25 000 deaths and 2.5 million extra hospital days per year. 2 Mediterranean countries record the highest prevalence of AR. Relatively, southern, Mediterranean, and eastern countries tend to have higher overall use of antibiotics (daily doses/1000 people) than the northern European countries. 3,4 Among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with probable unregulated prescribing practice and an unaudited use of antibiotics, the prevalence of AR has been reported to be rising. 5
Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research
PurposeThe aim of this study is to assess the perceived quality of life of Bahraini patients with... more PurposeThe aim of this study is to assess the perceived quality of life of Bahraini patients with heart failure.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 250 patients aged 18 years and older was recruited using a cross-sectional design. Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire version three was employed to obtain data from participants on their socio-demographic characteristics and their perceived quality of life.FindingsThe mean age of patients was 69.0 ± 8.1 years and 78% were males. Almost half of the patients with third/fourth degree heart failure had difficulties in earning a living (48.4%) since they had long periods of hospital stays (49.2%). The quality of life is inversely proportional to the age of the patients with third/fourth degree heart failure (p < 0.001). Most of the patients had a poor quality of life (74.8%); about 21.6% had a moderate quality of life, while only few patients (3.6%) had a good quality of life.Originality/valueThe quality of life among Bah...
Egyptian Journal of Health Care, Mar 1, 2022
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem in many countries, including Bahrain.... more Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem in many countries, including Bahrain. However, little data exists about the awareness and the level of knowledge of vitamin D among Arab Gulf populations. Method: A cross-sectional study design was employed. A self-administered questionnaire was administered to an adult sample of 335 participants seeking information on their knowledge about vitamin D. Findings: 81.2% of the study participants had unsatisfactory total knowledge score of vitamin D. Level of education and the sources of information about vitamin D were the main significant factors that appear to influence the participants’ vitamin D awareness status. Most the participants recognized that exposure to sunlight encourages the production of vitamin D, however, only a small proportion of participants were aware of the sources of vitamin D in daily food intake and health consequences of vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: There is inadequate knowledge and awareness re...
Nurses specialized in heart failure management constitute a vital key agent in assessing the sign... more Nurses specialized in heart failure management constitute a vital key agent in assessing the signs and symptoms of cardiac deterioration, monitor therapy compliance, afford education, psychosocial support, and counseling. Additionally, they act as the healthcare liaison for the patients and their families at any stage of the disease. The study aimed to assess cardiac care nurses' knowledge and attitude towards management of patients with heart failure. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 153 nurses. The data was collected through selfadministered questionnaire. Findings: The study findings revealed generally low knowledge of the management of patients with heart failure among the nurses. Moreover, the nurses’ attitudes towards management of heart failure patients tended to be positive. Conclusion: The nurses do not have an adequate knowledge of the managing heart failure patients whereas their related attitudes tend to be positive. ...
Background: Anxiety and stress among nursing students are challenge for academic education and a ... more Background: Anxiety and stress among nursing students are challenge for academic education and a need exists to explore the factors that contribute to such phenomena among Arab culture. Objective: To assess the anxiety and stress levels among junior nursing students at College of Health Sciences (CHS), University of Bahrain (UoB) during their initial clinical exposure. Material and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was employed to gather data on perceived stress (5 points likert scale), perceived anxiety (4 points likert scale) and socio-demographic characteristics from 93 second year nursing students at CHS (a response rate of 77.5%). The total scores for each item were summed and average scores were calculated accordingly. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken in order to identify significant factors that influence anxiety and /or stress levels among students. The p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: About four-f...
Background: Self-body examination considered one of the most important health strategies for disc... more Background: Self-body examination considered one of the most important health strategies for discovery, early detection & management of many health problems among adolescent age. Aim & design: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Self-body Examination instructional guide for Early Detection of Physical and Reproductive Health Problems among Adolescent Girls. The design of the study was Quasi-experimental. Setting: The study was conducted at Technical Institute of Nursing, & Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University. The subjects involved unmarried female student nurse at first academic year 2014 – 2015. Sample: Purposive sample consisted of 63 nursing students. Tools: Data were collected through three Tools (structured interviewing questionnaire, performance check lists, and follow up card). Results: The study revealed that there was statistically significant difference between pre-intervention program compared to post 1 month and post 2 months regarding practice of selfbody ex...
Oman Medical Journal, 2019
A ntibiotics have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from classical and opportunistic infect... more A ntibiotics have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from classical and opportunistic infections in the last few decades. 1 Contrasting the gains made, the accelerated global consumption of antibiotics and lapses in the infection prevention and control practices, have hastened the frequency and severity of antibiotic resistance (AR). On average, 2 million people become infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and 23 000 people die each year in the US. In the European Union, AR causes 25 000 deaths and 2.5 million extra hospital days per year. 2 Mediterranean countries record the highest prevalence of AR. Relatively, southern, Mediterranean, and eastern countries tend to have higher overall use of antibiotics (daily doses/1000 people) than the northern European countries. 3,4 Among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with probable unregulated prescribing practice and an unaudited use of antibiotics, the prevalence of AR has been reported to be rising. 5
International Journal of Nursing Education, 2016
The perception of nursing profession is an important factor in attracting the students to the stu... more The perception of nursing profession is an important factor in attracting the students to the study of nursing. The study aimed to describe nursing students’ perceptions of the nursing profession and their motivators to choose it as a career of choice at the College of Health Sciences in Bahrain.
Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 2016
b-carotene is a widely known carotenoid molecule, commercially used as food and feed additive, co... more b-carotene is a widely known carotenoid molecule, commercially used as food and feed additive, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. The current study investigates the usability of some agro-industrial by-products for b-carotene production by Serratia marcescens and optimizes the production process using Plackett-Burman Design (PBD) and central composite design (CCD). Rice bran, molasses and sugarcane bagasse were tested for their effects on b-carotene production by S. marcescens. Molasses was the high potent source for b-carotene production giving 1.1 mg/L after 2 days of incubation in the dark at 30°C on a rotary shaker at 150 rpm. PBD was used to evaluate the effect of lactose, sucrose, beef extract, peptone, NaCl, MgSO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , pH, inoculum size (ml/L) and agitation rate (rpm) on b-carotene production. Sucrose, lactose, peptone, beef extract, pH, inoculum size showed a positive sign of the effect on b-carotene production, while other factors showed a negative sign. The coefficient of determination, R 2 , was 0.9829, showing good fitness of the model. Factors screened by PBD were further optimized using CCD of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Central composite rotatable design was used to determine the optimum levels of three