Halimah Awang - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Halimah Awang

Institutions and economies, Jul 12, 2017

Managing Convergence in Innovation: The new paradigm of technological innovation by Kong-rae Lee,... more Managing Convergence in Innovation: The new paradigm of technological innovation by Kong-rae Lee, Routledge, 2017, 149 pp.

International Journal of Institutions and Economies, 2016

This Electronic Monograph is divided into ten chapters. The first chapter presents a general desc... more This Electronic Monograph is divided into ten chapters. The first chapter presents a general description of each chapter respectively. The second chapter introduces how developing Asia is facing the challenge of the aging population, as well as falling fertility. These twin phenomena now threaten the economic progress that the region has enjoyed the last few decades. However, its rising proportion of the elderly may come with the benefit of having a high saving rate that can be channelled to investments. This chapter discusses the ongoing demographic transition, population aging, demographic dividend, and how it will affect the economic prospects of developing Asia going forward. A sound approach to sustaining economic growth and providing economic security for the elderly would strike the right balance between assets and public transfers while promoting high rates of human capital investment through investing in physical capital and human capital coupled with technological innovation. The third chapter examines the evolution of social security research from a theoretical and empirical perspective. This is done through an extensive review and analysis of publications from the Journal of International Social Security Review published by Wiley within a 50-year period (1967-2017). It was observed that at a different period in time, the social security research focused on different national and international issues that invoked different social welfare programs and pension systems approach (public or private) to facilitate the explanation of its final socio-economic impact into different social groups in the same country or region respectively. The fourth chapter proposes a new model based on a group of indicators to evaluate the social security plans performance of ASEAN-members (Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines). The first section presents a general review of all possible indicators applies in the evaluation of social security plans performance. Secondly, we present a new indicator, “The Social Security Plans Performance Index (SSPP-Index)” is intended to offer policymakers and researchers an additional analytical tool to study the coverage, efficiency, effectiveness, trend, and future of any social security plan as a whole. The SSPP-Index can be applied to the study of any social security plan and not constrained by geographical area or development stage of the social security plan on the study. The SSPP-Index is a simple and flexible indicator. The third section summarizes the results on the ASEAN-Members social security plans performance under the application of the SSPP-Index. The fifth chapter shows how obesity can affect the productivity and social security of any country. In our case, we evaluate the specific case of Malaysia. The same research evaluates the obesity levels among the three largest races of Malaysia such as Malay, Indians, and Chinese. The main objective of this research is to evaluate if exist any relationship between obesity and productivity, then we try to probe through compare our new index and the growth in labor productivity. Hence, this new index is entitled “The National Obesity Behavior Index (NOB-Index).” The NOB-Index offers the possibility to evaluate and monitoring expansion or contraction of obesity on the national and regional level. In the same document is given a serial of recommendation and policies to solve this deep health problem in Malaysia. The sixth chapter proposes a list of crucial factors that can be considered as a template for universal retirement plan. Malaysia is used as the base of our modelling. Ten crucial factors that are identified to have direct or indirect effect on the retirement plan among the three largest races in Malaysia, namely the Malay, Indians, and Chinese are examined. The main objective of this research is to propose a new approach to evaluate the optimum age retirement for Malaysians in general. Hence, this new index is entitled “The Optimum Age Retirement Index (OAR-Index)”. Based on the findings, the study proposed that Malaysia would be well served to increase the retirement age of the country’s workforce and proposes a number of recommendations and policies to complement the retirement-age extension. The seventh chapter formulates an analytical framework to analyze whether pension growth can be a determinant of economic growth. The Pension Scheme Performance Evaluation Model (PSPE-Model) intends to study the performance of pension schemes from a macroeconomic perspective. The PSPE-Model tests whether the marginal optimum national pension system coverage critical point based on the national productivity growth performance is simultaneously determined by the efficient coordination of private and public pension system programs coverage and the national productivity level. The model investigates the marginal optimum national pension system coverage critical point of two Asian countries, Japan and Singapore.…

EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 2012

Terms and conditions for use: By downloading this article from the EURASIA Journal website you ag... more Terms and conditions for use: By downloading this article from the EURASIA Journal website you agree that it can be used for the following purposes only: educational, instructional, scholarly research, personal use. You also agree that it cannot be redistributed (including emailing to a list-serve or such large groups), reproduced in any form, or published on a website for free or for a fee.

PubMed, Nov 1, 2015

Illness and injury have a significant impact on employees, their families and employers. The cons... more Illness and injury have a significant impact on employees, their families and employers. The consequences faced by an injured worker could lead to disability, which could then lead to inability to work. This study examined the patterns of the Return to Work (RTW) using data from The Social Security Organisation (SOCSO) of Malaysia RTW database from 2010 to 2013. Factors of successful return to work, employees' salary upon returning to formal employment were also investigated. Gender, age, year of injury, industry, and job hierarchy were found to be significant predictors of employees' salary upon returning to work. Although there are other costs involved on the part of employers and employees, themselves, in the long term the financial returns that can be brought back by injured workers who have successfully returned to work combined with the qualitative benefits substantially outweighs the costs of RTW program.

Safety and health at work, Sep 1, 2018

Background: The success of an injury intervention program can be measured by the proportion of su... more Background: The success of an injury intervention program can be measured by the proportion of successful return to work (RTW). This study examined factors of successful return to employment among workers suffering from work-related injuries. Methods: Data were obtained from the Social Security Organization, Malaysia database consisting of 10,049 RTW program participants in 2010e2014. The dependent variable was the RTW outcome which consisted of RTW with same employer, RTW with new employer or unsuccessful return. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to test the likelihood of successful return with same employer and new employer against unsuccessful return. Results: Overall, 65.3% of injured workers were successfully returned to employment, 52.8% to the same employer and 12.5% to new employer. Employer interest; motivation; age 30e49 years; intervention less than 9 months; occupational disease; injuries in the lower limbs, upper limbs, and general injuries; and working in the manufacturing, services, and electrical/electronics were associated with returning to work with the same employer against unsuccessful return. Male, employer interest, motivation, age 49 years or younger, intervention less than 6 months, occupational disease, injuries in the upper limbs and services sector of employment were associated with returning to new employer against unsuccessful return. Conclusion: There is a need to strengthen employer commitment for early and intensified intervention that will lead to improvement in the RTW outcome.

Journal of Health and Translational Medicine, May 15, 2019

The age-old wisdom is that "women live longer than men". Gender difference in life expectancy is ... more The age-old wisdom is that "women live longer than men". Gender difference in life expectancy is becoming a worldwide phenomenon both in developed and developing countries. The process of ageing may be viewed from the perspectives of physical, psychological, and social-economic wellbeing. We investigated gender difference in understanding ageing in relation to life expectancy, fears relating to diseases and deteriorating economic status, and perceived old age comfort and their preparedness. Data were obtained from an online survey and in-person interview of 518 respondents aged 40 years and older residing in Malaysia, which was based on a convenience sample collected from May 2015 to January 2016. Data were analysed using chisquared tests and multinomial logistic regression. There were varying views between men and women when it came to understanding ageing in relation to life expectancy, fears of ageing, deteriorating economic status and their perception of old age comfort. Women were more optimistic about living longer compared to men but feared more the consequences of old age diseases. In spite of displaying less concern about financial preparedness, women were, however, willing to cut down expenses, while men would prefer longer working hours to ensure a comfortable retirement.

Journal of Biosocial Science, Dec 12, 2002

The intervals between pregnancies have important effects on fertility and maternal and infant hea... more The intervals between pregnancies have important effects on fertility and maternal and infant health outcomes. This study uses linear regression with censored observation to assess the determinants of the waiting time to third pregnancy. The analysis is applied to data from the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey consisting of 1172 women who had their second delivery ending in a live birth. Contraceptive use, age of the woman, duration of breast-feeding, length of previous pregnancy interval and education of the woman all affect the waiting time to third pregnancy significantly.

Journal of Biosocial Science, Mar 12, 2013

This study examines the knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among male youths in Ma... more This study examines the knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among male youths in Malaysia. A self-administered survey was carried out on a sample of 952 never-married males aged 15-24 years. The respondents were asked about their knowledge of STDs, how these diseases get transmitted and their sexual behaviours. The data showed that 92% of the respondents knew of at least one STD (syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia, herpes, genital warts, yeast infection, trichomoniasis or HIV/AIDS). About 95% of them knew of at least one method of STD transmission. Urban and tertiary-educated male youths showed a substantially higher proportion of awareness of STDs and transmission methods compared with their rural and less-educated counterparts. The data also indicated that 10% of the study sample admitted to having had sexual experiences. There were still a large proportion of the respondents who were not aware of STDs other than syphilis and HIV/AIDS and the means of transmission, such as multiple sex partners, including those who claimed to be sexually active. Thus there is a need for more concerted efforts to disseminate information on STDs and transmission methods to a wider audience in Malaysia, especially youths in rural areas.

Journal of Biosocial Science, Jun 17, 2005

This analysis demonstrates the application of a data duplication technique in linear regression w... more This analysis demonstrates the application of a data duplication technique in linear regression with censored observations of the waiting time to third pregnancy ending in two outcome types, using data from Malaysia. The linear model not only confirmed the results obtained by the Cox proportional hazards model, but also identified two additional significant factors. The method provides a useful alternative when Cox proportionality assumption of the hazards is violated.

Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, Jul 10, 2016

This study examined the factors of successful return to employment among participants in the retu... more This study examined the factors of successful return to employment among participants in the return to work program (RTW) following work-related injury. Data were obtained from the Social Security Organization database containing 9850 injured workers who underwent RTW in 2010 to 2013. About 65% had successfully returned to employment. Significant factors of successful return include gender, employer interest, motivation, age, intervention duration, and type of injury. Male and motivated employees were more likely to return to employment compared with female and unmotivated employees, respectively. Participants from interested employers were 23.22 times more likely to return to work than those from uninterested employers, whereas participants whose intervention period exceeded 5 months were 41% less likely to return to work compared with those whose intervention period was within 3 months. Appropriate strategy and enhanced collaboration between the stakeholders would improve the proportion of successful return to employment.

invite you to participate in the 4th lEA International Research Conference (IRC-2010). The confer... more invite you to participate in the 4th lEA International Research Conference (IRC-2010). The conference will be held at the Department of Education, University of Gothenburg, from 1 July to 3 July 2010. It will be preceded by a two-day training workshop on secondary data analysis (29-30 June). The This study investigates the relationship between self-confidence and achievement among Malaysian students using multinomial logistic regression and the data are from TIMSS 2007. Although, in general, Malaysian students had low self-confidence in learning mathematics, their performance in mathematics at the international level is higher as compared to some countries with high level of self-confidence. This study also found that, besides mathematics achievement, there are four other factors that separate the level of self-confidence among Malaysian students. These factors are gender of students, students' aspiration, use of computer for school work, having teachers who want students to do their best.

and its relation to the development of human capital in Malaysia as a country undergoing transfor... more and its relation to the development of human capital in Malaysia as a country undergoing transformation into an ICT-driven and knowledge-based society. Education and training, being the key variable of human capital, is examined in terms of the government expenditure on education and training, years of schooling, number of enrolment and level of education of the labour force. ICT development is measured in terms of the personnel involvement in Research and Development (R&D) in related areas of technology or the development allocation and expenditure for R&D, and the extent of ICT usage in the various sectors of the economy and population. human capital development, technology development, ICT use, knowledge-based

International education journal, Apr 1, 2004

Journal of Family Violence, Jun 5, 2011

Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science+Bu... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your work, please use the accepted author's version for posting to your own website or your institution's repository. You may further deposit the accepted author's version on a funder's repository at a funder's request, provided it is not made publicly available until 12 months after publication.