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(57) Abstract: humanized monoclonal antibodies are provided. This antibody has a human IL-4 in a ... more (57) Abstract: humanized monoclonal antibodies are provided. This antibody has a human IL-4 in a specific and excellent properties to the extent that unexpectedly than other humanized antibodies available previously. Single strand binding protein such antibodies, fusion proteins, and antigen fragments or IL-4 binding fragments are also provided by the present invention. Moreover, such monoclonal antibodies or nucleic acid encoding the H chain and L chain variable regions of an antigenic fragment; anti-idiotypic antibodies; method and detecting human IL-4, to measure and immunopurification, and specifications humans -4 a method of blocking or mimicking the biological activity of provided.
Journal of Virology, 2004
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA replication occurred in seven of nine primate cell cultures transfect... more Hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA replication occurred in seven of nine primate cell cultures transfected with in vitro transcripts of an infectious cDNA clone. Cell-to-cell spread did not occur in cell cultures, but rhesus monkeys inoculated with lysates of HEV-transfected PLC/PRF/5 and Huh-7 cells became infected with HEV. A replicon with the ORF2 and ORF3 genes deleted and replaced with the green fluorescent protein gene also replicated in the same primate cells that supported the replication of the full-length genome. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis confirmed that the 7mG cap structure was critical for efficient infectivity, although replication could be initiated at a very low level in its absence. HEV virions were also able to infect a limited number of cells of certain lines.
Journal of Virology, 2004
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) replication is not well understood, mainly because the virus does not inf... more Hepatitis E virus (HEV) replication is not well understood, mainly because the virus does not infect cultured cells efficiently. However, Huh-7 cells transfected with full-length genomes produce open reading frame 2 protein, indicative of genome replication (6). To investigate the role of 3′-terminal sequences in RNA replication, we constructed chimeric full-length genomes with divergent 3′-terminal sequences of genotypes 2 and 3 replacing that of genotype 1 and transfected them into Huh-7 cells. The production of viral proteins by these full-length chimeras was indistinguishable from that of the wild type, suggesting that replication was not impaired. In order to better quantify HEV replication in cell culture, we constructed an HEV replicon with a reporter (luciferase). Luciferase production was cap dependent and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase dependent and increased following transfection of Huh-7 cells. Replicons harboring the 3′-terminal intergenotypic chimera sequences were also...
Journal of Virology, 2006
A subclone of Huh-7 cells that could be relatively efficiently transfected and infected with hepa... more A subclone of Huh-7 cells that could be relatively efficiently transfected and infected with hepatitis E virus was identified. Following transfection, infectious virus was produced but remained predominantly cell associated. Intracellular virus, recovered by lysis of transfected cells, infected naïve cells. This in vitro-produced virus appeared to be antigenically identical to virus isolated from clinical samples. Lysates from cells transfected with mutant viral genomes unable to synthesize ORF3 protein contained infectious virions that were similar in number, thermostability, and sedimentation characteristics to those in lysates transfected with wild-type viral genomes. Therefore, in contrast to its requirement in vivo, ORF3 protein is not required for infection of Huh-7 cells or production of infectious virus in vitro.
Journal of Clinical Virology, 2006
(57) Abstract: humanized monoclonal antibodies are provided. This antibody has a human IL-4 in a ... more (57) Abstract: humanized monoclonal antibodies are provided. This antibody has a human IL-4 in a specific and excellent properties to the extent that unexpectedly than other humanized antibodies available previously. Single strand binding protein such antibodies, fusion proteins, and antigen fragments or IL-4 binding fragments are also provided by the present invention. Moreover, such monoclonal antibodies or nucleic acid encoding the H chain and L chain variable regions of an antigenic fragment; anti-idiotypic antibodies; method and detecting human IL-4, to measure and immunopurification, and specifications humans -4 a method of blocking or mimicking the biological activity of provided.
Journal of Virology, 2004
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA replication occurred in seven of nine primate cell cultures transfect... more Hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA replication occurred in seven of nine primate cell cultures transfected with in vitro transcripts of an infectious cDNA clone. Cell-to-cell spread did not occur in cell cultures, but rhesus monkeys inoculated with lysates of HEV-transfected PLC/PRF/5 and Huh-7 cells became infected with HEV. A replicon with the ORF2 and ORF3 genes deleted and replaced with the green fluorescent protein gene also replicated in the same primate cells that supported the replication of the full-length genome. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis confirmed that the 7mG cap structure was critical for efficient infectivity, although replication could be initiated at a very low level in its absence. HEV virions were also able to infect a limited number of cells of certain lines.
Journal of Virology, 2004
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) replication is not well understood, mainly because the virus does not inf... more Hepatitis E virus (HEV) replication is not well understood, mainly because the virus does not infect cultured cells efficiently. However, Huh-7 cells transfected with full-length genomes produce open reading frame 2 protein, indicative of genome replication (6). To investigate the role of 3′-terminal sequences in RNA replication, we constructed chimeric full-length genomes with divergent 3′-terminal sequences of genotypes 2 and 3 replacing that of genotype 1 and transfected them into Huh-7 cells. The production of viral proteins by these full-length chimeras was indistinguishable from that of the wild type, suggesting that replication was not impaired. In order to better quantify HEV replication in cell culture, we constructed an HEV replicon with a reporter (luciferase). Luciferase production was cap dependent and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase dependent and increased following transfection of Huh-7 cells. Replicons harboring the 3′-terminal intergenotypic chimera sequences were also...
Journal of Virology, 2006
A subclone of Huh-7 cells that could be relatively efficiently transfected and infected with hepa... more A subclone of Huh-7 cells that could be relatively efficiently transfected and infected with hepatitis E virus was identified. Following transfection, infectious virus was produced but remained predominantly cell associated. Intracellular virus, recovered by lysis of transfected cells, infected naïve cells. This in vitro-produced virus appeared to be antigenically identical to virus isolated from clinical samples. Lysates from cells transfected with mutant viral genomes unable to synthesize ORF3 protein contained infectious virions that were similar in number, thermostability, and sedimentation characteristics to those in lysates transfected with wild-type viral genomes. Therefore, in contrast to its requirement in vivo, ORF3 protein is not required for infection of Huh-7 cells or production of infectious virus in vitro.
Journal of Clinical Virology, 2006