Hans Inge Sævareid - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Hans Inge Sævareid

Journal of Clinical Nursing, Mar 1, 2010

Aims. To determine the relationships between different sense of coherence levels and quality of l... more Aims. To determine the relationships between different sense of coherence levels and quality of life, and in older female myocardial infarction survivors; to investigate how socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, sense of coherence self-reported symptoms and function affect quality of life; and to determine whether sense of coherence and quality of life are stable during a six-month follow-up. Background. Myocardinal infraction confers new physical and mental challenges. However, research on sense of coherence and other factors involved in maintaining physical, psychosocial and environmental aspects of quality of life in older female myocardinal infraction survivors is scant. Design. Survey. Methods. A postal survey was conducted of 145 women, aged 62-80 years, three months to five years after myocardial infarction (T1), with a follow-up after six months (T2). Self-reported socio-demographic and clinical data and hospital medical records data were collected. The sense of coherence scale (SOC-29) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument Abbreviated (WHOQOL-BREF) were used. Results. We found a significant difference in quality of life between weak, moderate, and strong sense of coherence groups (p<0AE001). Sense of coherence contributed to the level of all quality of life domains (p<0AE001). Several clinical characteristics contributed to quality of life: (1) physical domain: comorbidities (p<0AE001), previous myocardial infarction (p = 0AE013), ejection fraction (p<0AE011), length of hospital stay (p = 0AE005) symptoms and function (p<0AE001); (2) psychological domain: previous myocardial infarction (p = 0AE031) and symptoms and function (p<0AE001); and (3) environmental domain: education (p = 0AE033) and symptoms and function (p = 0AE003). On group level, both sense of coherence and quality of life were stable. Experiencing specific health changes (p<0AE001), not major life events, influenced quality of life during the six-month follow-up. Conclusion. Sense of coherence was an important stable determinant of quality of life domains in female myocardial infarction survivors. Although other factors were identified, further research is needed to elucidate additional determinants of quality of life. Relevance to clinical practice. These specific factors could guide clinicians in making treatment decisions that optimize the quality of life of their patients. Applying a salutogenic perspective through patient education may be important.

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Feb 21, 2023

BackgroundFetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) describes a combination of developmental, cognit... more BackgroundFetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) describes a combination of developmental, cognitive, and behavioral disabilities in children with prenatal exposure to alcohol. The literature suggests that there are higher rates of sleep disturbances in these children. Few studies have investigated sleep disturbances in relation to common comorbidities of FASD. We examined the prevalence of disturbed sleep and the relationship between parent‐reported sleep problems in different FASD subgroups and comorbidities like epilepsy or attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and impact on clinical functioning.MethodsIn this prospective cross‐sectional survey, caregivers of 53 children with FASD completed the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC). Information about comorbidities was collected, and EEG and assessment of IQ, daily‐life executive and adaptive functioning were performed. Group comparisons and ANCOVA interaction models were used to test the associations between different sleep disturbances and clinical factors that could interfere with sleep.ResultsAn abnormal sleep score on the SDSC was very common, affecting 79% of children (n = 42) with equal prevalence in all FASD subgroups. Difficulty falling asleep was the most common sleep problem, followed by difficulty staying asleep and waking early. The incidence of epilepsy was 9.4%, with an abnormal EEG seen in 24.5%, and a diagnosis of ADHD in 47.2% of children. The distribution of these conditions was equal in all FASD subgroups. Children with signs of sleep disturbance had poorer working memory, executive function, and adaptive functioning. Children with ADHD had a greater prevalence of sleep disturbance than those without ADHD (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.79).ConclusionProblems with sleep are very common in FASD children and seem independent of FASD subgroup and the presence of epilepsy or a pathological EEG finding, while those with ADHD had more sleep problems. The study underscores the importance of screening for sleep disturbances in all children with FASD as these problems may be treatable.

Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, Apr 13, 2010

Older home nursing patients' perception of social provisions and received care Social loneliness ... more Older home nursing patients' perception of social provisions and received care Social loneliness and isolation may be some of the consequences that older people experience regarding age-related changes and losses, and nurses should be engaged in identifying social networks and social needs in this group. The aims of this study were to describe perceived social provisions in a group of older home-dwelling caredependent patients, and to explore the relationship between perceived social provisions, physical functioning, mental state and reception of formal and informal care. The sample consisted of 242 persons aged 75+ years from seven municipalities in southern Norway, all receiving home nursing. Data were collected by means of structured interviews. Social support was assessed using the revised Social Provisions Scale. Physical functioning was assessed using the Barthel Index, and mental state using questions about loneliness, depressive symptoms and anxiety. Types and frequencies of social network contacts and formal and informal care were registered. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U-tests, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and step-wise multiple regression were used in the analyses. In general, the level of perceived social provisions and togetherness in the study group was high, especially among women and the married. Decreased physical functioning and declined mental state were related to lower level of social provisions. The majority of the individuals had frequently contacts with several types of social networks, like friends, neighbours and religious communities, in addition to close family. Contact with these informal networks was found to be close related to perceived social support and togetherness. Reduced social provisions was related to increased amount of home nursing, which could indicate that demand for home care may work as a strategy to gain social contact. In this sense, dependence in daily life functioning could possibly contribute to social contact rather than reduce it.

Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, Feb 1, 2021

Aim: To explore how nurses working in the home care service sector perceived the loneliness exper... more Aim: To explore how nurses working in the home care service sector perceived the loneliness experienced by older people living at home, and how they met these lonely individuals' needs. Background: Loneliness is a well-known phenomenon among groups of older homedwelling people and has been shown to be a health-related problem. Health care professionals working in the primary care sector, such as home care nurses, may be in the position to identify loneliness among at-home seniors. Identifying and addressing loneliness must become important issues in home care nursing. Design: A qualitative study. Methods: Focus group interviews were performed with 11 home care nurses in Norway. The interviews were analyzed in accordance with manifest and latent content analysis. The Coreq checklist was followed. Findings: Home care nurses identified loneliness among older people as being a complex and sensitive phenomenon that activated conflicted thoughts, feelings and solutions in a system where older people's loneliness was generally not considered as a need requiring nursing care. Conclusion: Loneliness among older people challenged the nurses with regard to communicating older people's feelings of loneliness and meeting their social needs. Organizational structures were perceived as being the main barriers to meeting these needs. Older people's feelings of loneliness stimulated nurses' reflections about the purpose of their nursing role. It is important to address loneliness among older home-dwelling people and include the issue in home care nursing in order to meet their need for social contact. Home nursing leaders must pay attention to the nurses' experiences, promote the nurses' acquisition of knowledge about this kind of loneliness and learn how to meet an older individual's needs. There should be a special focus on communicating with lonely older people in order to address their feelings loneliness.

International Journal of Older People Nursing, Aug 6, 2012

Testing reliability and validity of Lorensen's Self-care Capability Scale (LSCS) among older home... more Testing reliability and validity of Lorensen's Self-care Capability Scale (LSCS) among older home-living, caredependent individuals in Norway.

International Journal of Older People Nursing, Sep 1, 2008

International Journal of Older People Nursing 3, 194-203 Formal and informal care in relation to ... more International Journal of Older People Nursing 3, 194-203 Formal and informal care in relation to activities of daily living and self-perceived health among older care-dependent individuals in Norway Background. Research about formal care of older home-dwelling people in the Nordic countries is comprehensive, while research on informal care has been less inclusive. Aim. To describe self-reported activities of daily living and perceived health, and to relate them to amount and types of formal and informal care received by a group of care-dependent, home-dwelling older individuals in Norway. Design and methods. A sample consisting of 242 persons aged 75+ years receiving home nursing services. Data were collected by means of structured interviews with questions about activities of daily living (ADL), amount and types of formal and informal care and demographic variables. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U-test and multiple stepwise regression were used in the analyses. Results. ADL dependency was the only predictor for explaining quantity of home nursing received. Those who received a generous amount of formal care also received a lot of care and support from informal networks. The type of care from the two sources differed. The home nurses performed PADL tasks. While the informal caregivers offered help with IADL tasks. Conclusion. This study of receiving help in this group of older people in Norway shows that formal and informal care resources complement one another.

International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, Apr 1, 2009

ABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to test the Norwegian version of Goldberg's 30‐item Gener... more ABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to test the Norwegian version of Goldberg's 30‐item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐30) in a group of older, care‐dependent individuals living at home; to describe self‐reported mental health; and to relate mental health to receiving home nursing, home help, and family care. A sample of 234 home nursing patients in Norway aged 75 years and older was interviewed. Mental state was assessed using the GHQ‐30. Reliability and validity were calculated with Spearman's rank correlations, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and Mann–Whitney U‐test. The factor analysis was performed using the principal components analysis with varimax rotation and Kaiser normalization. Demographic characteristics and amounts of formal and family care were recorded, and descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression were used in the analyses. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the GHQ was 0.92. The item–total correlations were generally acceptable. For items concerning depression and anxiety, the item–total correlations ranged from rs= 0.60 to 0.77. The factors extracted in the factor analysis explained 70% of the variance in the group. Females <85 years of age living in urban areas were associated with reduced mental health. There were no associations between general mental health and the amounts of formal and family care provided.

International Journal of Older People Nursing, Jul 28, 2017

To investigate the prevalence of individuals who often feel lonely among a sample of Norwegian ol... more To investigate the prevalence of individuals who often feel lonely among a sample of Norwegian older home-dwelling people aged ≥65 years old, as well as to identify any possible factors explaining their loneliness. Background: Loneliness is known to be common among older people. To identify those older adults who are lonely, and to acquire knowledge about the complexity of their loneliness, is important to provide them with adequate help and support. Design: This study employed a cross-sectional design. Method: A questionnaire was mailed to a randomised sample of 6,033 older homedwelling persons aged ≥65 years. A total of 2,052 persons returned the questionnaire and were included in the study. The questionnaire consisted of questions asking whether the subjects often felt lonely or not, as well as health-related and background questions and instruments to measure the participants' sense of coherence, mental problems, nutritional screening and self-care ability. The data were analysed using univariate and multivariate statistical methods. Results: A total of 11.6% of the participants reported often feeling lonely. Six factors emerged to be independently associated with often feeling lonely among the respondents: Living alone, not being satisfied with life, having mental problems, a weak sense of coherence, not having contact with neighbours and being at risk for undernutrition. Conclusions: The study shows that often feeling lonely among older home-dwelling persons is a health-related problem that includes social, psychological and physical aspects. Moreover, these persons have limited resources to overcome feelings of loneliness. Implications for practice: Lasting loneliness among older home-dwelling persons requires an overall, person-centred and time-consuming approach by nurses. Nurses with advanced knowledge on geriatric nursing may be required to offer appropriate care and support. Healthcare leaders and politicians should offer possibilities for adequate assessment, support and help.

International Journal of Older People Nursing, 2017

Aim and objectivesTo investigate the prevalence of individuals who often feel lonely among a samp... more Aim and objectivesTo investigate the prevalence of individuals who often feel lonely among a sample of Norwegian older home‐dwelling people aged ≥65 years old, as well as to identify any possible factors explaining their loneliness.BackgroundLoneliness is known to be common among older people. To identify those older adults who are lonely, and to acquire knowledge about the complexity of their loneliness, is important to provide them with adequate help and support.DesignThis study employed a cross‐sectional design.MethodA questionnaire was mailed to a randomised sample of 6,033 older home‐dwelling persons aged ≥65 years. A total of 2,052 persons returned the questionnaire and were included in the study. The questionnaire consisted of questions asking whether the subjects often felt lonely or not, as well as health‐related and background questions and instruments to measure the participants’ sense of coherence, mental problems, nutritional screening and self‐care ability. The data we...

European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, Mar 1, 2007

Tone M. Norekvåla,b,⁎, Tore Wentzel-Larsen, Bengt Fridlund, Philip Moons, Jan Erik Nordrehaug, Ha... more Tone M. Norekvåla,b,⁎, Tore Wentzel-Larsen, Bengt Fridlund, Philip Moons, Jan Erik Nordrehaug, Hans Inge Sævareid, Berit R. Hanestad a Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway b Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Norway c Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway d School of Health Sciences and Social Work, University of Växjö, Sweden e Center for Health Services and Nursing Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium f Faculty of Health and Sports, Agder University College, Arendal, Norway ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail: tone.norekval@helse-bergen.no.

Nordic journal of nursing research, Jun 27, 2017

Knowledge about public health and public health work is important for meeting current and future ... more Knowledge about public health and public health work is important for meeting current and future health challenges. A group of nursing students in a cohort participated in a practicum programme pertaining to the study of the academic subject 'Nursing and Society'. The municipality's public healthcare services were the learning arena. The purpose of this pilot project was to explore whether participation in the municipality's public healthcare services is a pedagogical approach that enhances nursing students' acquisition of knowledge about the public health perspective in nursing. Combined methods were used in the evaluation. Data were collected through focus-group interviews and questionnaire surveys. The results reveal that participation in the municipality's public healthcare services while studying the subject contributed towards enabling the students enrolled in the practical study to visualize the public health perspective in nursing.

Nordisk sygeplejeforskning, Oct 14, 2011

... Bjørg Dale. PhD RN · associate professor at the University of Agder · Centre for Caring Resea... more ... Bjørg Dale. PhD RN · associate professor at the University of Agder · Centre for Caring Research Southern Norway, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences · bjorg.dale@uia.no. ... av Ragnhild Skaar og Ulrika Söderhamn. Må sykepleieryrket være et deltidsyrke? (Side 206-217) ...

Aging & Mental Health, Nov 1, 2007

Background: Community health care is the arena in which most care-dependent older people receive ... more Background: Community health care is the arena in which most care-dependent older people receive professional nursing assistance. The main objective of home nursing care is to improve the patient's quality of life and/or to maintain his/her independence. Aims: To describe the characteristics of people receiving home nursing care (HNC), and how the recipients define their health. To examine the mechanisms underlying the loss of independent living and the allocation of home nursing care, and whether home nurses give priority to the overall goals of HNC. Respondents/methods: 242 respondents were aged 75 years or older, receiving HNC. A survey with baseline-and follow-up data (a 2-year period) was undertaken. Results: The oldest patients were the healthiest. Subjectively perceived health was more important in the perception of health than objective health measures. Strong perception of social support and a high self-rating of health predicted a longer period of independent living. Functional and cognitive decline and being male were the most important predictors of loss of independent living. Compensatory or complementary assistance from informal networks did not influence the period of independent living. Coping resources, measured as Sense of Coherence (SOC), did not prolong independent living. The allocation of home nursing care was mainly influenced by impaired functional health, and not influenced by subjective health measures. Conclusion: Older persons with a poor perception of subjective social and health conditions are vulnerable since these are not intercepted as a reason for care assistance. Implications: Nurses should emphasize the identification and treatment of subjective health problems. The salutogenic approach should be given stronger attention as a principle for nursing practice. More research should be done with regard to how the dimensions of sense of coherence influence health promotion. This includes both the individual patient, and how services are organized Contents SCIENTIFIC ENVIRONMENT .

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Aug 7, 2009

Aims: The aims were to investigate the factor structure of the Subjective Health Complaints Inven... more Aims: The aims were to investigate the factor structure of the Subjective Health Complaints Inventory (SHC) in a population of 75 years and above and to identify whether somatic, psychosocial, and coping factors were associated with the SHC factors. Methods: Data from 242 elderly persons were analyzed. The measures were: the SHC Inventory, Sense of Coherence, Social Provision Scale, Self-Rated Health, General Health Questionnaire, Clinical Dementia Rating, Reported Illness, Barthel ADL Index, sex, age, and education. Results: The factor analysis resulted in four subgroups: musculoskeletal pain (15% of variance), gastrointestinal problems (12% of variance), respiratory/allergy complaints (11% of variance), and pseudoneurology (11% of variance). The occurrence of complaints was 76% for musculoskeletal complaints, 51% for gastrointestinal complaints, 30% for flu, 43% for allergy, and 93% for pseudoneurology. Self-rated health and reported illness were significantly associated with musculoskeletal complaints (15% of variance), impairment in activities of daily living (ADL) with gastrointestinal complaints (3% of variance), and finally sense of coherence, self-rated health, and psychological distress were associated with pseudoneurology (32% of variance). No variables were associated with respiratory/allergy complaints. Conclusions: This study supports the stability of the SHC's factor structure. The low occurrence of health complaints could possibly be due to survival effects, or that old people to a greater extent than younger people compare themselves with aged peers. The subscales focusing on somatic symptoms were explained by reported illnesses and functional impairments to a limited degree only. The pseudoneurology subscale score was associated with psychological measures, particularly ability to cope.

Aging & Mental Health, May 1, 2009

and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study pu... more and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.

«Mestringsevne og mestringsressurser hos pleieavhengige, hjemmeboende eldre over 75 år, tilknytte... more «Mestringsevne og mestringsressurser hos pleieavhengige, hjemmeboende eldre over 75 år, tilknyttet kommunal helsetjeneste» i5 Intervjuet startet klokka: i6 Intervjuet avsluttet kl.:

Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research