Hardik Patel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Hardik Patel

Bioresources, 2009

The production of laccase by an indigenous strain of Pleurotus ostreatus HP-1 was studied on soli... more The production of laccase by an indigenous strain of Pleurotus ostreatus HP-1 was studied on solid state fermentation. Culture parameters such as type and concentration of substrate, inoculum size, moisture content, pH, surfactant presence, temperature, and nitrogen source were optimized by conventional “one factor at a time” methodology. A maximum laccase yield of 3952 U g-1 of dry substrate optimized was obtained with wheat straw as substrate with five agar plugs as the inoculum, 60% moisture content, pH 5.0, surfactant concentration 0.015 gl-1, and nitrogen source (combination of L-asparagine and NH4NO3 at 10 mM concentration each) at incubation temperature 28oC. Enhancement in laccase activity was achieved with the use of various aromatic inducers and copper sulphate. Highest laccase activity of 14189 U g-1 of dry substrate was achieved using 0.28 mM copper sulphate under optimized conditions. Thus, the indigenous isolate seems to be a potential producer of laccase using SSF and...

International Journal of Celiac Disease, 2021

Introduction: There is an ongoing debate over the timings of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acut... more Introduction: There is an ongoing debate over the timings of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis. Most authors recommend surgery within the first 72 hours. We offer laparoscopic cholecystectomies in every patient with acute cholecystitis regardless of the timing of presentation. Material and methods: We prospectively analyzed outcomes of our protocol of any time acute cholecystitis. We perform laparoscopic cholecystectomies within the first 24 hours of presentation to us without considering time since attack if the patient is not in septic shock where we follow survival sepsis guidelines. Results: We performed 110 laparoscopic cholecystectomies between April, 2019-March, 2020. We prefer single-dose preoperative antibiotics (third-generation cephalosporin) in all laparoscopic cholecystectomies. A total of 79 patients were having acute cholecystitis. 67 patients were having grade 2 and 12 patients were having grade 3 cholecystitis according to Tokyo guidelines. 50 patients were presented more than 72 hours after the attack. 21 patients presented more than 48 hours but less than 72 hours. 8 patients presented within 24 hours. The mean duration of the presentation was 120 hours. 5 patients presented after more than 7 days. One patient was having grade 3 cholecystitis and was having septic shock so he was managed with percutaneous cholecystostomy and according to survival sepsis, protocol and lap choly were done after 72 hours. Out of 79 patients included in the study, 2 patients were converted to open; in 3 patients we performed lap subtotal cholecystectomy due to difficult calot triangle. Out of these only 2 patients developed port site infection and 3 patients developed bilioma which was managed by percutaneous drainage. All patients were discharged the same day or the next day. Only two patients with bilioma were readmitted. Rest all of the patients had an uneventful recovery. Conclusion: There is no need to strictly follow the 72-hour time limit for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis. Any time laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be the rule inexperienced centre.

2020 4th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS), 2020

An automatic vision-based system for sorting and analyzing strawberry fruit is discussed in this ... more An automatic vision-based system for sorting and analyzing strawberry fruit is discussed in this paper. Manual classification leads to discrete opinion and is more time-consuming. Hence, finding a cost-effective and highly accurate method for strawberry classification yet remains a problem. In this paper, an automated system is proposed to predict the ripeness level of strawberry fruit, using a convolutional neural network. For the success of classification, appropriate features must be extracted. Surface color, size and shape are the necessary features for classification. The surface color of strawberry fruit determines its ripeness level. CNN is used to extract color, size and shape features from strawberry surfaces. The system shows 91.6% accuracy.

African Journal of Urology, 2020

Background Association of the ureterocele and proximal ureteral valve is a rare congenital anomal... more Background Association of the ureterocele and proximal ureteral valve is a rare congenital anomaly which can lead to quick detoriation of renal function due to double obstruction. Though ureteral valves have been associated with other ureteral anomalies, this specific association is extremely rare. Case presentation A 7-month-old boy was referred to us for antenatally detected hydronephrosis. Provisional diagnosis of orthotopic ureterocele with pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction was made based on preoperative imaging. Endoscopic incision of ureterocele was done and retrograde pyelography showed tight obstruction at PUJ which necessitated a pyeloplasty. Examination of resected specimen confirmed a ureteral valve. Postoperatively, the patient had good improvement in kidney function. Conclusion To conclude, congenital ureteral valves are a rare cause of ureteric obstruction and its association with ureterocele is rarer still. Identification of an ureterocele should not deter us f...

Aims and Objectives: The primary aim of our study was to evaluate morbidity and mortality followi... more Aims and Objectives: The primary aim of our study was to evaluate morbidity and mortality following feeding jejunostomy in pancreaticoduodenectomy compared to the control group. We also evaluated individual complications like delayed gastric emptying, post operative pancreatic fistula, superficial and deep surgical site infection. We also looked for time to start oral nutrition and requirement of total parentral nutrition. Material and Methods: The study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and MOOSE guidelines. [9,10]. We searched pubmed, cochrane library, embase, google scholar with keywords like “feeding jejunostomy in pancreaticodudenectomy”, “entral nutrition in pancreaticoduodenectomy, “total parentral nutrition in pancreaticoduodenectomy’, “morbidity and mortality following pancreaticoduodenectomy”. Two independent authors extracted the data (B.V and H.P).The meta-analysis was conducted using Open...

International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR], 2018

Introduction: Scorpion bites are common in India, particularly in the rural areas. The etiology o... more Introduction: Scorpion bites are common in India, particularly in the rural areas. The etiology of the cardiovascular manifestations in severe scorpion sting is related to the venom effects on the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal secretion of catecholamines as well as to the toxic effects of the venom on the myocardium. Case report: Here we are reporting a case of 45 years male patient with scorpion bite presented with chest pain and perspiration. Patient was treated aggressively with Non Invasive ventilation (NIV), anticoagulation, dual antiplatelets, statins and alpha blocker (Prazocin). Conclusion: Cardiac manifestations like myocarditis, pulmonary oedema and cardiologic shock after scorpion envenomation was observed and can

Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 2017

Bacterial biofilms formed on the root canal wall are often difficult to remove. This study aimed ... more Bacterial biofilms formed on the root canal wall are often difficult to remove. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect and antibacterial efficacy of chitosan when used as root canal irrigant against E. Faecalis and Candida albicans biofilm formed on tooth substrate. The present study evaluated antibacterial effect of 0.25% Chitosan, 0.5% Chitosan, 2% chlorhexidine and 3% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida Albicans. Agar-well diffusion methods, minimal inhibitory concentration tests and biofilm susceptibility assays were used to determine antibacterial activity. Teeth specimens were sectioned to obtain a standardized tooth length of 12mm. Specimens were inoculated with 10 mL of the freshly prepared E. Faecalis suspension and Candida albicans for 4 weeks. The specimens were then instrumented with ProTaper rotary files F3 size. After irrigation with test solution, three sterile paper points were placed into one canal, left for 60 s and transferred ...

Vaccine, 2016

Whole sporozoite vaccine (WSV) approach has been shown to induce efficient CD8 + T cell response,... more Whole sporozoite vaccine (WSV) approach has been shown to induce efficient CD8 + T cell response, critical for developing of long-lasting sterile protection against Plasmodium. Although WSV was initiated over four decades ago, we still do not fully understand about the absolute requirements for the generation of liver-stage specific CD8 + T memory cells. For more than a decade intravenous (IV) route of immunization has been shown to be protective in pre-clinical studies. However, the intradermal (ID) route is preferred over IV route by many researchers as it is perceived to mimic the natural route of parasite delivery through mosquito bite. Various clinical studies have shown that ID route provokes poor protective responses compared to those seen with IV route of administration. The present study highlights the importance of circumsporozoite (CS) protein in preventing sporozoite entry to the hepatocytes, which however, it is not necessarily sufficient to ensure sterile protection. Instead, this article favors the idea that liver-stage development is a prime requirement for generation of antigen specific CD8 + T cells and suggests the conditions favored by IV inoculation of sporozoite.

World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery, Jan 10, 2016

A rare variant of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection with obliterated infradiaphragmat... more A rare variant of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection with obliterated infradiaphragmatic vertical vein is described. A 20-day-old male child weighing 2.2 kg was admitted with cyanosis and tachypnea. Pulmonary venous return was found to be entirely through a tortuous pulmonary-to-systemic venous collateral channel, as the descending vertical vein ended blindly.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, 2016

Objective: Transposition of the great arteries is a common congenital heart disease. Arterial swi... more Objective: Transposition of the great arteries is a common congenital heart disease. Arterial switch is the gold standard operation for this complex heart disease. Arterial switch operation in the presence of intramural coronary artery is surgically the most demanding even for the most experienced hands. We are presenting our experience with a modified technique for intramural coronary arteries in arterial switch operation. Methods: This prospective study involves 450 patients undergoing arterial switch operation at our institute from April 2006 to December 2013 (7.6 years). Eighteen patients underwent arterial switch operation with intramural coronary artery. The coronary patterns and technique used are detailed in the text. Results: The overall mortality found in the subgroup of 18 patients having intramural coronary artery was 16% (n=3). Our first patient had an accidental injury to the left coronary artery and died in the operating room. A seven-day old newborn died from intractable ventricular arrhythmia fifteen hours after surgery. Another patient who had multiple ventricular septal defects with type B arch interruption died from residual apical ventricular septal defect and sepsis on the eleventh postoperative day. The remainder of the patients are doing well, showing a median follow-up duration of 1235.34±815.26 days (range 369-2730). Conclusion: Transposition of the great arteries with intramural coronary artery is demanding in a subset of patients undergoing arterial switch operation. We believe our technique of coronary button dissection in the presence of intramural coronary arteries using coronary shunt is simple and can be a good addition to the surgeons' armamentarium.

Volume 3: Design and Analysis, 2015

Stress classification at shell and nozzle interface had always been an interesting and challengin... more Stress classification at shell and nozzle interface had always been an interesting and challenging problem for Engineers. Basic shell theory analyses shell stresses as membrane with local bending stresses developed at locations of discontinuity and load applications. Since in a shell structure, bending stresses develop to mainly maintain compatibility of deformation and membrane stresses to equilibrate the applied load, a simple stress classification will be to categorize the bending stresses as secondary stresses. This is because by definition, secondary stresses develop to maintain compatibility of deformation and primary stresses develop to maintain equilibrium with the applied load. This simplified analysis can result in errors as in real world 100% primary stress as well as 100% secondary stress is rare if not impossible [15], [16]. The widespread use of Finite Element Analysis has made this problem become even more challenging. Several researchers have addressed the problems of stress classification. References [1], [2], [3], [4], [5[, [6], [11], [12] can be consulted for additional details. In this paper the work done by Chen and Li [1], using the two step primary structure method has been used to analyse the problem of stress classification of a shell and nozzle. The spirit of the method has been retained, but several FE models have been made with some deviations from the method in ref.[1], to meaningfully arrive at primary structures.Copyright © 2015 by ASME

Volume 3: Design and Analysis, 2015

Bends are an integral part of a piping system. Because of the ability to ovalize and warp they of... more Bends are an integral part of a piping system. Because of the ability to ovalize and warp they offer more flexibility when compared to straight pipes. Piping Code ASME B31.3 [1] provides flexibility factors and stress intensification factors for the pipe bends. Like any other piping component, one of the failure mechanisms of a pipe bend is gross plastic deformation. In this paper, plastic collapse load of pipe bends have been analyzed for various bend parameters (bend parameter = Display FormulatRbrm2) under internal pressure and in-plane bending moment for various bend angles using both small and large deformation theories. FE code ABAQUS version 6.9EF-1 has been used for the analyses.© 2015 ASME

A number of commercial substances from foods to drugs to pesticides are available as micro-encaps... more A number of commercial substances from foods to drugs to pesticides are available as micro-encapsulated formulations in today’s markets to provide, for example, for slow/sensitive-release or protection against post-processing degradation (UV protection being one example). The polymer encapsulant cannot perform its function to release or protect the host substance, however, if during a spraying process or similar downstream operation the polymeric encapsulant’s mechanical integrity is breached. The authors report a statistical method for determining the toughness of the encapsulated material using a combination of constant shear rate rheometery and light microscopy. Breakage rate was found to correlate linearly with shear rate for water-based formulations.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2015

International Journal of Yoga, 2013

A 62-year-old male presented with history of heart burn followed by dysphagia. An endoscopy showe... more A 62-year-old male presented with history of heart burn followed by dysphagia. An endoscopy showed a large hiatal hernia with a nonobstructing peptic stricture proximal to the gastroesophageal junction due to erosive esophagitis. The esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed presence of gastritis and duodenitis. The patient had Grade D esophagitis according to Los Angeles (LA) classification of esophagitis [Table 1]. Initially the patient was started on a high-dose PPI. After 6 months of continuous

Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2011

Laccases (Benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10. 3.2) are enzymes belonging to the group of... more Laccases (Benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10. 3.2) are enzymes belonging to the group of polyphenol oxidases which are monomeric, dimeric or tetrameric glycoproteins with copper atoms per monomer located at the catalytic site. It is widely distributed in wood ...

Bioresources, 2009

The production of laccase by an indigenous strain of Pleurotus ostreatus HP-1 was studied on soli... more The production of laccase by an indigenous strain of Pleurotus ostreatus HP-1 was studied on solid state fermentation. Culture parameters such as type and concentration of substrate, inoculum size, moisture content, pH, surfactant presence, temperature, and nitrogen source were optimized by conventional “one factor at a time” methodology. A maximum laccase yield of 3952 U g-1 of dry substrate optimized was obtained with wheat straw as substrate with five agar plugs as the inoculum, 60% moisture content, pH 5.0, surfactant concentration 0.015 gl-1, and nitrogen source (combination of L-asparagine and NH4NO3 at 10 mM concentration each) at incubation temperature 28oC. Enhancement in laccase activity was achieved with the use of various aromatic inducers and copper sulphate. Highest laccase activity of 14189 U g-1 of dry substrate was achieved using 0.28 mM copper sulphate under optimized conditions. Thus, the indigenous isolate seems to be a potential producer of laccase using SSF and...

International Journal of Celiac Disease, 2021

Introduction: There is an ongoing debate over the timings of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acut... more Introduction: There is an ongoing debate over the timings of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis. Most authors recommend surgery within the first 72 hours. We offer laparoscopic cholecystectomies in every patient with acute cholecystitis regardless of the timing of presentation. Material and methods: We prospectively analyzed outcomes of our protocol of any time acute cholecystitis. We perform laparoscopic cholecystectomies within the first 24 hours of presentation to us without considering time since attack if the patient is not in septic shock where we follow survival sepsis guidelines. Results: We performed 110 laparoscopic cholecystectomies between April, 2019-March, 2020. We prefer single-dose preoperative antibiotics (third-generation cephalosporin) in all laparoscopic cholecystectomies. A total of 79 patients were having acute cholecystitis. 67 patients were having grade 2 and 12 patients were having grade 3 cholecystitis according to Tokyo guidelines. 50 patients were presented more than 72 hours after the attack. 21 patients presented more than 48 hours but less than 72 hours. 8 patients presented within 24 hours. The mean duration of the presentation was 120 hours. 5 patients presented after more than 7 days. One patient was having grade 3 cholecystitis and was having septic shock so he was managed with percutaneous cholecystostomy and according to survival sepsis, protocol and lap choly were done after 72 hours. Out of 79 patients included in the study, 2 patients were converted to open; in 3 patients we performed lap subtotal cholecystectomy due to difficult calot triangle. Out of these only 2 patients developed port site infection and 3 patients developed bilioma which was managed by percutaneous drainage. All patients were discharged the same day or the next day. Only two patients with bilioma were readmitted. Rest all of the patients had an uneventful recovery. Conclusion: There is no need to strictly follow the 72-hour time limit for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis. Any time laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be the rule inexperienced centre.

2020 4th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS), 2020

An automatic vision-based system for sorting and analyzing strawberry fruit is discussed in this ... more An automatic vision-based system for sorting and analyzing strawberry fruit is discussed in this paper. Manual classification leads to discrete opinion and is more time-consuming. Hence, finding a cost-effective and highly accurate method for strawberry classification yet remains a problem. In this paper, an automated system is proposed to predict the ripeness level of strawberry fruit, using a convolutional neural network. For the success of classification, appropriate features must be extracted. Surface color, size and shape are the necessary features for classification. The surface color of strawberry fruit determines its ripeness level. CNN is used to extract color, size and shape features from strawberry surfaces. The system shows 91.6% accuracy.

African Journal of Urology, 2020

Background Association of the ureterocele and proximal ureteral valve is a rare congenital anomal... more Background Association of the ureterocele and proximal ureteral valve is a rare congenital anomaly which can lead to quick detoriation of renal function due to double obstruction. Though ureteral valves have been associated with other ureteral anomalies, this specific association is extremely rare. Case presentation A 7-month-old boy was referred to us for antenatally detected hydronephrosis. Provisional diagnosis of orthotopic ureterocele with pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction was made based on preoperative imaging. Endoscopic incision of ureterocele was done and retrograde pyelography showed tight obstruction at PUJ which necessitated a pyeloplasty. Examination of resected specimen confirmed a ureteral valve. Postoperatively, the patient had good improvement in kidney function. Conclusion To conclude, congenital ureteral valves are a rare cause of ureteric obstruction and its association with ureterocele is rarer still. Identification of an ureterocele should not deter us f...

Aims and Objectives: The primary aim of our study was to evaluate morbidity and mortality followi... more Aims and Objectives: The primary aim of our study was to evaluate morbidity and mortality following feeding jejunostomy in pancreaticoduodenectomy compared to the control group. We also evaluated individual complications like delayed gastric emptying, post operative pancreatic fistula, superficial and deep surgical site infection. We also looked for time to start oral nutrition and requirement of total parentral nutrition. Material and Methods: The study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and MOOSE guidelines. [9,10]. We searched pubmed, cochrane library, embase, google scholar with keywords like “feeding jejunostomy in pancreaticodudenectomy”, “entral nutrition in pancreaticoduodenectomy, “total parentral nutrition in pancreaticoduodenectomy’, “morbidity and mortality following pancreaticoduodenectomy”. Two independent authors extracted the data (B.V and H.P).The meta-analysis was conducted using Open...

International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR], 2018

Introduction: Scorpion bites are common in India, particularly in the rural areas. The etiology o... more Introduction: Scorpion bites are common in India, particularly in the rural areas. The etiology of the cardiovascular manifestations in severe scorpion sting is related to the venom effects on the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal secretion of catecholamines as well as to the toxic effects of the venom on the myocardium. Case report: Here we are reporting a case of 45 years male patient with scorpion bite presented with chest pain and perspiration. Patient was treated aggressively with Non Invasive ventilation (NIV), anticoagulation, dual antiplatelets, statins and alpha blocker (Prazocin). Conclusion: Cardiac manifestations like myocarditis, pulmonary oedema and cardiologic shock after scorpion envenomation was observed and can

Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 2017

Bacterial biofilms formed on the root canal wall are often difficult to remove. This study aimed ... more Bacterial biofilms formed on the root canal wall are often difficult to remove. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect and antibacterial efficacy of chitosan when used as root canal irrigant against E. Faecalis and Candida albicans biofilm formed on tooth substrate. The present study evaluated antibacterial effect of 0.25% Chitosan, 0.5% Chitosan, 2% chlorhexidine and 3% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida Albicans. Agar-well diffusion methods, minimal inhibitory concentration tests and biofilm susceptibility assays were used to determine antibacterial activity. Teeth specimens were sectioned to obtain a standardized tooth length of 12mm. Specimens were inoculated with 10 mL of the freshly prepared E. Faecalis suspension and Candida albicans for 4 weeks. The specimens were then instrumented with ProTaper rotary files F3 size. After irrigation with test solution, three sterile paper points were placed into one canal, left for 60 s and transferred ...

Vaccine, 2016

Whole sporozoite vaccine (WSV) approach has been shown to induce efficient CD8 + T cell response,... more Whole sporozoite vaccine (WSV) approach has been shown to induce efficient CD8 + T cell response, critical for developing of long-lasting sterile protection against Plasmodium. Although WSV was initiated over four decades ago, we still do not fully understand about the absolute requirements for the generation of liver-stage specific CD8 + T memory cells. For more than a decade intravenous (IV) route of immunization has been shown to be protective in pre-clinical studies. However, the intradermal (ID) route is preferred over IV route by many researchers as it is perceived to mimic the natural route of parasite delivery through mosquito bite. Various clinical studies have shown that ID route provokes poor protective responses compared to those seen with IV route of administration. The present study highlights the importance of circumsporozoite (CS) protein in preventing sporozoite entry to the hepatocytes, which however, it is not necessarily sufficient to ensure sterile protection. Instead, this article favors the idea that liver-stage development is a prime requirement for generation of antigen specific CD8 + T cells and suggests the conditions favored by IV inoculation of sporozoite.

World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery, Jan 10, 2016

A rare variant of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection with obliterated infradiaphragmat... more A rare variant of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection with obliterated infradiaphragmatic vertical vein is described. A 20-day-old male child weighing 2.2 kg was admitted with cyanosis and tachypnea. Pulmonary venous return was found to be entirely through a tortuous pulmonary-to-systemic venous collateral channel, as the descending vertical vein ended blindly.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, 2016

Objective: Transposition of the great arteries is a common congenital heart disease. Arterial swi... more Objective: Transposition of the great arteries is a common congenital heart disease. Arterial switch is the gold standard operation for this complex heart disease. Arterial switch operation in the presence of intramural coronary artery is surgically the most demanding even for the most experienced hands. We are presenting our experience with a modified technique for intramural coronary arteries in arterial switch operation. Methods: This prospective study involves 450 patients undergoing arterial switch operation at our institute from April 2006 to December 2013 (7.6 years). Eighteen patients underwent arterial switch operation with intramural coronary artery. The coronary patterns and technique used are detailed in the text. Results: The overall mortality found in the subgroup of 18 patients having intramural coronary artery was 16% (n=3). Our first patient had an accidental injury to the left coronary artery and died in the operating room. A seven-day old newborn died from intractable ventricular arrhythmia fifteen hours after surgery. Another patient who had multiple ventricular septal defects with type B arch interruption died from residual apical ventricular septal defect and sepsis on the eleventh postoperative day. The remainder of the patients are doing well, showing a median follow-up duration of 1235.34±815.26 days (range 369-2730). Conclusion: Transposition of the great arteries with intramural coronary artery is demanding in a subset of patients undergoing arterial switch operation. We believe our technique of coronary button dissection in the presence of intramural coronary arteries using coronary shunt is simple and can be a good addition to the surgeons' armamentarium.

Volume 3: Design and Analysis, 2015

Stress classification at shell and nozzle interface had always been an interesting and challengin... more Stress classification at shell and nozzle interface had always been an interesting and challenging problem for Engineers. Basic shell theory analyses shell stresses as membrane with local bending stresses developed at locations of discontinuity and load applications. Since in a shell structure, bending stresses develop to mainly maintain compatibility of deformation and membrane stresses to equilibrate the applied load, a simple stress classification will be to categorize the bending stresses as secondary stresses. This is because by definition, secondary stresses develop to maintain compatibility of deformation and primary stresses develop to maintain equilibrium with the applied load. This simplified analysis can result in errors as in real world 100% primary stress as well as 100% secondary stress is rare if not impossible [15], [16]. The widespread use of Finite Element Analysis has made this problem become even more challenging. Several researchers have addressed the problems of stress classification. References [1], [2], [3], [4], [5[, [6], [11], [12] can be consulted for additional details. In this paper the work done by Chen and Li [1], using the two step primary structure method has been used to analyse the problem of stress classification of a shell and nozzle. The spirit of the method has been retained, but several FE models have been made with some deviations from the method in ref.[1], to meaningfully arrive at primary structures.Copyright © 2015 by ASME

Volume 3: Design and Analysis, 2015

Bends are an integral part of a piping system. Because of the ability to ovalize and warp they of... more Bends are an integral part of a piping system. Because of the ability to ovalize and warp they offer more flexibility when compared to straight pipes. Piping Code ASME B31.3 [1] provides flexibility factors and stress intensification factors for the pipe bends. Like any other piping component, one of the failure mechanisms of a pipe bend is gross plastic deformation. In this paper, plastic collapse load of pipe bends have been analyzed for various bend parameters (bend parameter = Display FormulatRbrm2) under internal pressure and in-plane bending moment for various bend angles using both small and large deformation theories. FE code ABAQUS version 6.9EF-1 has been used for the analyses.© 2015 ASME

A number of commercial substances from foods to drugs to pesticides are available as micro-encaps... more A number of commercial substances from foods to drugs to pesticides are available as micro-encapsulated formulations in today’s markets to provide, for example, for slow/sensitive-release or protection against post-processing degradation (UV protection being one example). The polymer encapsulant cannot perform its function to release or protect the host substance, however, if during a spraying process or similar downstream operation the polymeric encapsulant’s mechanical integrity is breached. The authors report a statistical method for determining the toughness of the encapsulated material using a combination of constant shear rate rheometery and light microscopy. Breakage rate was found to correlate linearly with shear rate for water-based formulations.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2015

International Journal of Yoga, 2013

A 62-year-old male presented with history of heart burn followed by dysphagia. An endoscopy showe... more A 62-year-old male presented with history of heart burn followed by dysphagia. An endoscopy showed a large hiatal hernia with a nonobstructing peptic stricture proximal to the gastroesophageal junction due to erosive esophagitis. The esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed presence of gastritis and duodenitis. The patient had Grade D esophagitis according to Los Angeles (LA) classification of esophagitis [Table 1]. Initially the patient was started on a high-dose PPI. After 6 months of continuous

Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2011

Laccases (Benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10. 3.2) are enzymes belonging to the group of... more Laccases (Benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10. 3.2) are enzymes belonging to the group of polyphenol oxidases which are monomeric, dimeric or tetrameric glycoproteins with copper atoms per monomer located at the catalytic site. It is widely distributed in wood ...