Hashem Heshmati - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hashem Heshmati
تحقیقات نظام سلامت, Jan 22, 2014
بهداشت کار و ارتقای سلامت, Aug 17, 2022
HIV & AIDS Review
Introduction: Based on the latest estimates of the United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), a... more Introduction: Based on the latest estimates of the United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is now a public health challenge in Iran, and in 2018, 61,000 people were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), of which 45,000 (75%) were men. This study aimed to evaluate effect of educational intervention based on theory of planned behavior (TPB) on HIV/AIDS preventive behaviors among male barbers. Material and methods: The current quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2019 among 120 male barbers, who were selected using stratified sampling method. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire based on TPB at baseline and post-intervention. Intervention was designed and performed according to TPB. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 using descriptive and inferential methods. Results: Mean age of barbers was 30.41 ± 8.43 years. At baseline, mean scores of TPB constructs were not significantly different between intervention and control groups (p > 0.05). However, in post-intervention phase, there was a significant difference between two investigated groups in mean scores of TPB constructs (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Findings of the current study showed that educational intervention based on TPB can enhance knowledge level, perceived behavioral control, and attitude and creation of appropriate subjective norms for formation of behavioral intention and promoting AIDS preventive behavior among barbers.
Occupational Hygiene and Health Promotion
Introduction: Occupational injuries are one of the most important challenges in health care syste... more Introduction: Occupational injuries are one of the most important challenges in health care systems, which can lead to the transmission of infectious diseases. Medical students are at risk due to internships in a clinical setting. Therefore, it is necessary to perform educational measures in this field for them at the beginning of entering the clinical setting. Therefore, the present study aims to implement and design an internship unit in the field of medical sciences with an approach of occupational safety and health in the clinical setting. Methods: In this educational course, after coordination and obtaining approvals, the target group of the study was determined and occupational health and safety educational course was designed and implemented on students who had internships in health centers. The satisfaction with the educational course was assessed. Qualitative assessment and students’ work reports in the field of occupational safety and health were also evaluated. Results: A...
Iranian Journal of Public Health, 2022
The article's abstract is not available.
as pedestrian and car occupants in relation to traffic law based on Health Belief Model. Methods:... more as pedestrian and car occupants in relation to traffic law based on Health Belief Model. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed during 2012 in GUMS. A total of 370 students of GUMS were selected using multi-stage sampling method including stratified and random sampling. Data were collected by using a reliable and valid questionnaire. All the participants filled the questionnaire and the data was extracted according to previously described method. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 18 Software. Descriptive statistic and Spearman correlation was used for analyzing the data. Results: Mean age of the participants was 20.92±1.98 (range 17-32) years. Mean score of perceived susceptibility was 81.87±17.18, being in desirable level. Mean score of perceived severity was 73.39±18.4, being also in desirable level. Mean score of perceived benefits was 77.22 ±16.13, which was also assumed to be in desirable level. Mean score of perceived barriers was 53.46±16.27, assumed as moderate lev...
Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 2012
Background and aim: The students' academic failurehas been introduced as one of the main chal... more Background and aim: The students' academic failurehas been introduced as one of the main challenges in educational systems. The present study has been conducted with the purpose to determine the frequency and risk factors of academic failurein students that living in dorms of Golestan Universityof Medical Sciences and Health Sciences. Materials and Methods: This study was across sectional study in which 150 students of Golestan University that living in dorms of Department of Health and Allied were selected by systematic random sampling. data were collected with questionnaire validated and analyzed with SPSS16 software. Results: the mean of students age was 22.2± 12/2 and frequency of academic failure based on GPA and probation terms was%33/3(n = 50).Most frequently was observed in laboratory science students, 34% (n = 17). There Were asignificant relationship between academic failure and high school GPA,parente ducation,maternal education,economy status, smoking students(p<0...
Iranian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 2016
Background: Mammography is one of the best methods for early detection and appropriate treatment ... more Background: Mammography is one of the best methods for early detection and appropriate treatment of breast cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate stages of mammography adoption and its relationship to perceived threat and fatalism beliefs among Turkmen women. Methods: In this descriptive study, 558 Turkmen women over 40 years old living in Gonbade-Qabous and Turkmen districts were selected through systematic clustered sampling. Data were gathered using perceived threat section of Champion Health Belief Scale, Rakowski mammography stage adoption questionnaire and fatalism beliefs questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whithney, Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher exact tests, throgh SPSS 15 software. Results: From all studied samples, 479 women (85.5%) were in pre-contemplation stage, 65 ones (11.6%) were in contemplation stage, 12 ones (2.2%) were in action stage and 2 women (0.4%) were in maintenance stage. None of them were in relapse stage. Mammography adoption stage showed significant relationship with job, city of residence, educational level and history of breast cancer in first degree relatives. Mean score of perceived susceptibility increased along transition stages, but not significantly. Meanwhile, fatalism score decreased along transition stages but this decrease was not significant. Conclusion: The majority of Turkmen women had inappropriate practice in regard to mammography. Also, their perceived susceptibility toward breast cancer was low, while their fatalism beliefs were high.
Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2016
The carpet industry developed various types of respiratory disorders, pulmonary function (1,2), m... more The carpet industry developed various types of respiratory disorders, pulmonary function (1,2), musculoskeletal disorders, injuries, eyesight problems (1,3), nerve disorders, carpal tunnel syndrome (1,4) and skin problems (1,3). Developing such types of disorders occur as a result of poor environmental conditions coupled with unhygienic conditions (1, 5). On the other hand, lack of appropriate knowledge and perceived barriers among the weavers led to existing problems in the carpet industry. Most of these diseases and health problems can be avoided by proper precautions and care (1). According to the importance of the subject, the current study was designed and made with the aim of determining Healthy behaviors among carpet weavers in Golestan Province, Iran. This is a cross-sectional study with descriptive-analytical approach that was done in 2013. A total of 200 carpet weavers in Aq-qala and Bandar-Torkaman districts in Golestan province (northwest of Iran) were selected by using ...
Introduction: Thalassaemia is an increasingly serious public health problem throughout the Medite... more Introduction: Thalassaemia is an increasingly serious public health problem throughout the Mediterranean region, Middle East, Indian subcontinents and also South East Asia. Its global prevalence is about 2 per 1000 newborn while its prevalence in Iran is 8-4 per 1000 newborn. Children with thalassaemia appear well at birth, but anemia develops and becomes progressively worse due to partial or total absence of hemoglobin. If left untreated, this could lead to early deaths. For those children that survived, this conditions impose serious implications on health related quality of life. The aim of this study was to compare the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of thalassaemia patients with the HRQoL of healthy children in terms of essential core domains for pediatric HRQoL measurement. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study has been done in Yazd, Iran. 60 thalassaemia patients were selected randomly as case group and 120 healthy children as control group who were matched ...
Introduction: Rabies is one of the most important infectious diseases and animal bites are increa... more Introduction: Rabies is one of the most important infectious diseases and animal bites are increasing in Iran. Due to the significance of the subject, the current study was designed and conducted with the aim of determining Animal bite status and its contributors in Aq-Qala district, Golestan province, Iran. Materials and methods: This is a data-based study with descriptive approach carried out in Aq-Qala from Feb/March 2010 to Feb/March 2011. 1025 cases of animal bites registered in rabies treatment center of Aq-Qala city were selected using census method. Data were collected using a reliable and valid Checklist. Data were entered into SPSS18 software and analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: 74.7% of studied cases were male. Their mean age was 25.7±17.8 years. Most bites occurred among adolescents and students (21.6%). Most bites occurred on foot and mainly in rural areas (81.5%). 40 %of bites occurred from 12 a.m. to 6 p.m. Most cases of animal bite were by dogs (94.4%). The injuries were superficial in 90.1% of cases. The animal bites occurred in 78.2% of cases on clothes. Most bites occurred in spring, in June. The incidence rate of animal bites was 854 cases per 100000 people. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of animal bites in males, adolescent, students, rural areas and in spring, we recommended appropriate intervention, especially educational intervention in men, adolescent, students, rural area and in spring to decrease the prevalence of animal bites.
Background: The belief, attitude, subjective norm, enabling factors (BASNEF) model is one of the ... more Background: The belief, attitude, subjective norm, enabling factors (BASNEF) model is one of the most complete models for evaluating behaviors and creating new behaviors. Therefore, this research was designed and performed to describe factors related to cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) preventive behaviors on the basis of the BASNEF model in endemic areas of Yazd, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, using multistage sampling method, 120 resident families were selected from two CL endemic regions of Yazd. They were interviewed to complete a questionnaire which was prepared based on the BASNEF model. Data was analyzed via inferential and descriptive statistics. Findings: Knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the subjects were not at a desired level. The behavioral intention of using pyrethroid-impregnated bednets was at a very low level. The most important enabling factors for doing preventive behaviors were knowledge about the place of mosquito net shop and educational programs....
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2018
تحقیقات نظام سلامت, May 3, 2011
Bulletin of Emergency and Trauma, Jul 1, 2014
To determine the behavioral pattern of Golestan University of Medical Science (GUMS) students as ... more To determine the behavioral pattern of Golestan University of Medical Science (GUMS) students as pedestrian and car occupants in relation to traffic law based on Health Belief Model. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed during 2012 in GUMS. A total of 370 students of GUMS were selected using multi-stage sampling method including stratified and random sampling. Data were collected by using a reliable and valid questionnaire. All the participants filled the questionnaire and the data was extracted according to previously described method. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 18 Software. Descriptive statistic and Spearman correlation was used for analyzing the data. Results: Mean age of the participants was 20.92±1.98 (range 17-32) years. Mean score of perceived susceptibility was 81.87±17.18, being in desirable level. Mean score of perceived severity was 73.39±18.4, being also in desirable level. Mean score of perceived benefits was 77.22 ±16.13, which was also assumed to be in desirable level. Mean score of perceived barriers was 53.46±16.27, assumed as moderate level. In the same way the mean score of practice was 66.17±17.51, so practice in students was in moderate level. Television was the most important cues to action. Conclusion: Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits regarding safety behaviors was in good level but perceived barriers and behavior was in moderate level and according to the importance of Television, we recommended appropriate intervention such as health education and advocacy, especially through national Television.
تحقیقات نظام سلامت, Jan 22, 2014
بهداشت کار و ارتقای سلامت, Aug 17, 2022
HIV & AIDS Review
Introduction: Based on the latest estimates of the United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), a... more Introduction: Based on the latest estimates of the United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is now a public health challenge in Iran, and in 2018, 61,000 people were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), of which 45,000 (75%) were men. This study aimed to evaluate effect of educational intervention based on theory of planned behavior (TPB) on HIV/AIDS preventive behaviors among male barbers. Material and methods: The current quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2019 among 120 male barbers, who were selected using stratified sampling method. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire based on TPB at baseline and post-intervention. Intervention was designed and performed according to TPB. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 using descriptive and inferential methods. Results: Mean age of barbers was 30.41 ± 8.43 years. At baseline, mean scores of TPB constructs were not significantly different between intervention and control groups (p > 0.05). However, in post-intervention phase, there was a significant difference between two investigated groups in mean scores of TPB constructs (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Findings of the current study showed that educational intervention based on TPB can enhance knowledge level, perceived behavioral control, and attitude and creation of appropriate subjective norms for formation of behavioral intention and promoting AIDS preventive behavior among barbers.
Occupational Hygiene and Health Promotion
Introduction: Occupational injuries are one of the most important challenges in health care syste... more Introduction: Occupational injuries are one of the most important challenges in health care systems, which can lead to the transmission of infectious diseases. Medical students are at risk due to internships in a clinical setting. Therefore, it is necessary to perform educational measures in this field for them at the beginning of entering the clinical setting. Therefore, the present study aims to implement and design an internship unit in the field of medical sciences with an approach of occupational safety and health in the clinical setting. Methods: In this educational course, after coordination and obtaining approvals, the target group of the study was determined and occupational health and safety educational course was designed and implemented on students who had internships in health centers. The satisfaction with the educational course was assessed. Qualitative assessment and students’ work reports in the field of occupational safety and health were also evaluated. Results: A...
Iranian Journal of Public Health, 2022
The article's abstract is not available.
as pedestrian and car occupants in relation to traffic law based on Health Belief Model. Methods:... more as pedestrian and car occupants in relation to traffic law based on Health Belief Model. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed during 2012 in GUMS. A total of 370 students of GUMS were selected using multi-stage sampling method including stratified and random sampling. Data were collected by using a reliable and valid questionnaire. All the participants filled the questionnaire and the data was extracted according to previously described method. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 18 Software. Descriptive statistic and Spearman correlation was used for analyzing the data. Results: Mean age of the participants was 20.92±1.98 (range 17-32) years. Mean score of perceived susceptibility was 81.87±17.18, being in desirable level. Mean score of perceived severity was 73.39±18.4, being also in desirable level. Mean score of perceived benefits was 77.22 ±16.13, which was also assumed to be in desirable level. Mean score of perceived barriers was 53.46±16.27, assumed as moderate lev...
Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 2012
Background and aim: The students' academic failurehas been introduced as one of the main chal... more Background and aim: The students' academic failurehas been introduced as one of the main challenges in educational systems. The present study has been conducted with the purpose to determine the frequency and risk factors of academic failurein students that living in dorms of Golestan Universityof Medical Sciences and Health Sciences. Materials and Methods: This study was across sectional study in which 150 students of Golestan University that living in dorms of Department of Health and Allied were selected by systematic random sampling. data were collected with questionnaire validated and analyzed with SPSS16 software. Results: the mean of students age was 22.2± 12/2 and frequency of academic failure based on GPA and probation terms was%33/3(n = 50).Most frequently was observed in laboratory science students, 34% (n = 17). There Were asignificant relationship between academic failure and high school GPA,parente ducation,maternal education,economy status, smoking students(p<0...
Iranian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 2016
Background: Mammography is one of the best methods for early detection and appropriate treatment ... more Background: Mammography is one of the best methods for early detection and appropriate treatment of breast cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate stages of mammography adoption and its relationship to perceived threat and fatalism beliefs among Turkmen women. Methods: In this descriptive study, 558 Turkmen women over 40 years old living in Gonbade-Qabous and Turkmen districts were selected through systematic clustered sampling. Data were gathered using perceived threat section of Champion Health Belief Scale, Rakowski mammography stage adoption questionnaire and fatalism beliefs questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whithney, Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher exact tests, throgh SPSS 15 software. Results: From all studied samples, 479 women (85.5%) were in pre-contemplation stage, 65 ones (11.6%) were in contemplation stage, 12 ones (2.2%) were in action stage and 2 women (0.4%) were in maintenance stage. None of them were in relapse stage. Mammography adoption stage showed significant relationship with job, city of residence, educational level and history of breast cancer in first degree relatives. Mean score of perceived susceptibility increased along transition stages, but not significantly. Meanwhile, fatalism score decreased along transition stages but this decrease was not significant. Conclusion: The majority of Turkmen women had inappropriate practice in regard to mammography. Also, their perceived susceptibility toward breast cancer was low, while their fatalism beliefs were high.
Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2016
The carpet industry developed various types of respiratory disorders, pulmonary function (1,2), m... more The carpet industry developed various types of respiratory disorders, pulmonary function (1,2), musculoskeletal disorders, injuries, eyesight problems (1,3), nerve disorders, carpal tunnel syndrome (1,4) and skin problems (1,3). Developing such types of disorders occur as a result of poor environmental conditions coupled with unhygienic conditions (1, 5). On the other hand, lack of appropriate knowledge and perceived barriers among the weavers led to existing problems in the carpet industry. Most of these diseases and health problems can be avoided by proper precautions and care (1). According to the importance of the subject, the current study was designed and made with the aim of determining Healthy behaviors among carpet weavers in Golestan Province, Iran. This is a cross-sectional study with descriptive-analytical approach that was done in 2013. A total of 200 carpet weavers in Aq-qala and Bandar-Torkaman districts in Golestan province (northwest of Iran) were selected by using ...
Introduction: Thalassaemia is an increasingly serious public health problem throughout the Medite... more Introduction: Thalassaemia is an increasingly serious public health problem throughout the Mediterranean region, Middle East, Indian subcontinents and also South East Asia. Its global prevalence is about 2 per 1000 newborn while its prevalence in Iran is 8-4 per 1000 newborn. Children with thalassaemia appear well at birth, but anemia develops and becomes progressively worse due to partial or total absence of hemoglobin. If left untreated, this could lead to early deaths. For those children that survived, this conditions impose serious implications on health related quality of life. The aim of this study was to compare the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of thalassaemia patients with the HRQoL of healthy children in terms of essential core domains for pediatric HRQoL measurement. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study has been done in Yazd, Iran. 60 thalassaemia patients were selected randomly as case group and 120 healthy children as control group who were matched ...
Introduction: Rabies is one of the most important infectious diseases and animal bites are increa... more Introduction: Rabies is one of the most important infectious diseases and animal bites are increasing in Iran. Due to the significance of the subject, the current study was designed and conducted with the aim of determining Animal bite status and its contributors in Aq-Qala district, Golestan province, Iran. Materials and methods: This is a data-based study with descriptive approach carried out in Aq-Qala from Feb/March 2010 to Feb/March 2011. 1025 cases of animal bites registered in rabies treatment center of Aq-Qala city were selected using census method. Data were collected using a reliable and valid Checklist. Data were entered into SPSS18 software and analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: 74.7% of studied cases were male. Their mean age was 25.7±17.8 years. Most bites occurred among adolescents and students (21.6%). Most bites occurred on foot and mainly in rural areas (81.5%). 40 %of bites occurred from 12 a.m. to 6 p.m. Most cases of animal bite were by dogs (94.4%). The injuries were superficial in 90.1% of cases. The animal bites occurred in 78.2% of cases on clothes. Most bites occurred in spring, in June. The incidence rate of animal bites was 854 cases per 100000 people. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of animal bites in males, adolescent, students, rural areas and in spring, we recommended appropriate intervention, especially educational intervention in men, adolescent, students, rural area and in spring to decrease the prevalence of animal bites.
Background: The belief, attitude, subjective norm, enabling factors (BASNEF) model is one of the ... more Background: The belief, attitude, subjective norm, enabling factors (BASNEF) model is one of the most complete models for evaluating behaviors and creating new behaviors. Therefore, this research was designed and performed to describe factors related to cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) preventive behaviors on the basis of the BASNEF model in endemic areas of Yazd, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, using multistage sampling method, 120 resident families were selected from two CL endemic regions of Yazd. They were interviewed to complete a questionnaire which was prepared based on the BASNEF model. Data was analyzed via inferential and descriptive statistics. Findings: Knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the subjects were not at a desired level. The behavioral intention of using pyrethroid-impregnated bednets was at a very low level. The most important enabling factors for doing preventive behaviors were knowledge about the place of mosquito net shop and educational programs....
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2018
تحقیقات نظام سلامت, May 3, 2011
Bulletin of Emergency and Trauma, Jul 1, 2014
To determine the behavioral pattern of Golestan University of Medical Science (GUMS) students as ... more To determine the behavioral pattern of Golestan University of Medical Science (GUMS) students as pedestrian and car occupants in relation to traffic law based on Health Belief Model. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed during 2012 in GUMS. A total of 370 students of GUMS were selected using multi-stage sampling method including stratified and random sampling. Data were collected by using a reliable and valid questionnaire. All the participants filled the questionnaire and the data was extracted according to previously described method. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 18 Software. Descriptive statistic and Spearman correlation was used for analyzing the data. Results: Mean age of the participants was 20.92±1.98 (range 17-32) years. Mean score of perceived susceptibility was 81.87±17.18, being in desirable level. Mean score of perceived severity was 73.39±18.4, being also in desirable level. Mean score of perceived benefits was 77.22 ±16.13, which was also assumed to be in desirable level. Mean score of perceived barriers was 53.46±16.27, assumed as moderate level. In the same way the mean score of practice was 66.17±17.51, so practice in students was in moderate level. Television was the most important cues to action. Conclusion: Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits regarding safety behaviors was in good level but perceived barriers and behavior was in moderate level and according to the importance of Television, we recommended appropriate intervention such as health education and advocacy, especially through national Television.