Hassan Al-nageim - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hassan Al-nageim
The paper describes advanced analysis procedures to evaluate pavement layers` interface bonding c... more The paper describes advanced analysis procedures to evaluate pavement layers` interface bonding conditions using non-destructive techniques and Falling Weight Deflectometer surveys. The pavement mechanical properties in terms of the layers` moduli were evaluated under the impact of a dynamic loading by using the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) surveys. The results revealed that the use of the advanced analysis procedures allows for more accurate calculation of the pavement mechanical properties and thus more accurate analysis of the pavement`s structure life. This is one of the advantages of the advanced analysis procedure since the restriction imposed on the conventional back calculation methods that full bonding between the individual layers exist, has been relaxed.
Kufa Journal of Engineering
Cold mix asphalt produced using conventional emulsion and limestone filler has three main disadva... more Cold mix asphalt produced using conventional emulsion and limestone filler has three main disadvantages, namely low early strength due to high amount of water within the mix, long curing time ranging from 2-24 months and high air voids content. In this study, the effect of a novel technology for producing high-quality cold mix asphalt using modified bitumen emulsion has been investigated in terms of indirect tensile stiffness modulus. the effect of a novel technology for homogenizing a bitumen emulsion on its viscosity, particle size and particle size distribution has been investigated. Ultrasound technology has been used to reduce the viscosity and the size of the bitumen droplets. Different samples of cationic bitumen emulsion (C50B4) have been prepared with different treatment durations (0, 5, 7, 10, 12.5, 15, 30, 45 and 60) min. The results have shown a reduction in the viscosity of the bitumen emulsion at treatment times from 5-15 min. The viscosity has been decreased by 28% after 10 min treatment for the emulsion compared to the untreated sample. This reduction indicated a uniform droplet size distribution. In addition, the particle size measurements revealed that the 7 min treatment showed a significant reduction in the D50, which was 84.5%, D10, was 85.89%, and D90 was 90.28% compared to the untreated bitumen emulsion. The results reported contains a comparison between the viscosity of the emulsions, and the indirect tensile stiffness modulus of a control conventional cold mix asphalt and the new high quality cold mix asphalt with low viscosity. Interestingly, the reduction of the 28% in the viscosity of the new emulsion causes an improvement of the indirect tensile stiffness modulus to 216%, which indicates an outstanding achievement.
Construction and Building Materials
This study aims at developing a novel cold asphalt concrete binder course mixture by using Ordina... more This study aims at developing a novel cold asphalt concrete binder course mixture by using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) as a replacement for conventional mineral filler (0%-100%) with new by-product material (LJMU-A2) used as a supplementary cementitious material. With this purpose, cold asphalt concrete binder course mixtures with cationic emulsions were studied by means of stiffness modulus whereas water sensitivity was assessed by measuring the stiffness modulus ratio before and after sample conditioning. The results indicate that a substantial enhancement in the stiffness modulus and a considerable improvement of water sensitivity resistance is achieved by adding LJMU-A2 to the cold asphalt mixtures as a supplementary cementitious material. Moreover, the addition of LJMU-A2 to those mixtures leads to a stiffness modulus after 2-day curing compared to that obtained with Portland cement, which occurs after 7-day curing.
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2019
The paper reports the mechanical and physical properties of new hydraulically bound cementitious ... more The paper reports the mechanical and physical properties of new hydraulically bound cementitious materials made from environmentally friendly waste fly ash and chemical additives. The new products can be used for cement replacement material and need no burning process as the case with conventional cement manufacturing process. Two fly ashes generated from incineration of domestic and industrial wastes were blended and optimized to generate a new ternary blended cementitious material. The developed blended formulation showed versatility in terms of offering different grade mortar having properties like conventional cement. The early strength was comparable to the control mortar, but after the age of 14 days and in the new products, the crushing strength rate is higher than the crushing strength rate produced using ordinary Portland cement mortar. The influence of water content, alkali activation, synthesis by water dispersing agent has also been analyzed in addition to the new materi...
The paper presents laboratory test results on hydraulically bound road foundation materials conta... more The paper presents laboratory test results on hydraulically bound road foundation materials containing high volume of; limestone, steel slag (SS) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBS) dust compared with Type 1 sub base materials normally used by road engineers in the UK as a foundation layer with or without capping. The mixtures incorporating waste dusts were designed as potential hydraulically bound road pavement foundation layer and contain in addition to the dust in the control sub base the following percentage of dust: i) 20% limestone dust, ii) 20% SS dust, iii) 20% limestone dust + 5% GBS and iv)20% SS dust + 5% GBS. The size of the dust aggregates range from 0-4mm. The addition of the wastes dust was to enhance the stiffness of the road foundation materials, save primary aggregates and hence reduce the cost of road construction. The unbound and lightly bound materials resilient modulus were predicted using triaxial repeated load tensile tests according to the current Europe...
The paper presents a two dimensional finite element model (FEM) for a new low profile rail track ... more The paper presents a two dimensional finite element model (FEM) for a new low profile rail track system (LR55) considered as plane strain problem. Adopting such a model the response of the track system to wheel loads exerted by transversely passing vehicles across the track has been adequately investigated. Linear isoparametric elements with 4-node quadrilateral and 3-node triangular shapes have been used in the discretized mesh of the whole structure. Nonhomogeneous materials with isotropic and linear elastic behavior are assumed for all the components forming the track system and the surrounding media. A purpose-built finite element program has been developed to predict the deformations, stresses and strains at any point within the track system. An example for the LR55 track system embedded in a flexible pavement has been solved. The results have demonstrated that the vertical displacement of the rail is within the allowable limit. The vertical pressure distribution in the subbase...
Important tables. Preface xi. Acknowledgements. Symbols and abbreviations. Part 1 BEHAVIOUR OF ST... more Important tables. Preface xi. Acknowledgements. Symbols and abbreviations. Part 1 BEHAVIOUR OF STRUCTURES. 1 Introduction. 2 Loads on buildings and structures. 3 Concurrent coplanar forces. 4 Non-concurrent coplanar forces. 5 Moments of forces. 6 Framed structures. 7 Construction materials. 8 Shear force and bending moment. 9 Properties of sections. Part 2 UNDERSTANDING STRUCTURAL DESIGN. 10 Introduction to structural stability, durability and environmental conditions. 11 Simple beam design. 12 Beams of two materials. 13 Deflection of beams. 14 Axially loaded columns. 15 Connections. 16 Addition of direct and bending stress. 17 Portal frames and arches. 18 Gravity retaining walls.
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015
Sustainability
Cold bitumen emulsion mixtures (CBEMs) are made up of the same materials that are used in hot mix... more Cold bitumen emulsion mixtures (CBEMs) are made up of the same materials that are used in hot mixes. However, asphalt emulsion and water are used in such mixes. To date, many countries are still not using these mixes as a structure layer. This can be attributed mainly to their low resistance to rainfall, long curing time and low early strength. The addition of cementitious filler to CBEMs as a clean paving material is a potential technique to achieve superior mechanical qualities. The aim of this research is to compare improved CBEMs that might be used as a wearing surface to hot mix asphalt (HMA). These improvements were carried out through the use of a combination of cement and limestone, or a combination of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and cement kiln dust (CKD). CBEMs were prepared according to Egyptian and British gradations using different percentages of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), CKD, and limestone. This may offer a new cold bitumen emulsion mixture to be used as a str...
Construction and Building Materials, 2019
The development and production of new materials requires advanced analytical characterisation to ... more The development and production of new materials requires advanced analytical characterisation to explain the relation between the physico-chemical structure of the material and its properties. Highly integrated microelectronic structure analysis of surfaces with laser beams and x-ray fluorescence aided devices are found to be helpful for providing important information, including the interrelationships between physical, chemical, mechanical and durability characteristics of the new developed products. In most instances no single technique provides all the needed information and hence simultaneous application of several techniques becomes necessary. This study was aimed for hydration analysis, characterization and evaluation of a new novel non-Portland binder (NPB) with waste paper sludge ash (PSA) using FTIR and TG/DTA. The progressive formation of hydration products within the non-Portland binder was identified and their microstructural characteristics were analysed. The stable and non-expansive nature of secondary ettringite formation was also identified after a period of 365 days curing.
Sustainability
Concerns about the environment, the cost of energy, and safety mean that low-energy cold-mix asph... more Concerns about the environment, the cost of energy, and safety mean that low-energy cold-mix asphalt materials are very interesting as a potential replacement for present-day hot mix asphalt. The main disadvantage of cold bituminous emulsion mixtures is their poor early life strength, meaning they require a long time to achieve mature strength. This research work aims to study the protentional utilization of waste and by-product materials as a filler in cold emulsion mixtures with mechanical properties comparable to those of traditional hot mix asphalt. Accordingly, cold mix asphalt was prepared to utilize paper sludge ash (PSA) and cement kiln dust (CKD) as a substitution for conventional mineral filler with percentages ranging from 0–6% and 0–4%, respectively. Test results have shown that the incorporation of such waste materials reflected a significant improvement in the mixture’s stiffness and strength evolution. The cementitious reactivity of PSA produces bonding inside the mix...
ABSTRACT The paper reports the results of a research project on the evaluation of the potential p... more ABSTRACT The paper reports the results of a research project on the evaluation of the potential partial use of waste fines limestone dust and steel by-products as alternative aggregates in type 1 road base materials, one major highway construction product. Type 1materials incorporating waste limestone, steel slag (SS), granulated blast furnace slag (GBS), PFA and lime, have been tested. The results showed that the materials containing up to 20% extra limestone dust have no adequate resilient modulus for road use. However when PFA and lime, GBS and SS waste dust have been added to the control mix containing extra 20% waste limestone dust, the lost in the material resilient modulus has been regained and resulted in materials with an acceptable strength for road and highways construction in addition to the fact that there is an adequate and economic supply of the materials.
Construction and Building Materials, 2022
In recent years, there has been a huge demand for innovative methods to upcycle waste materials. ... more In recent years, there has been a huge demand for innovative methods to upcycle waste materials. This study aims to explore and evaluate the effect of using waste low-density polyethylene (w-LDPE), collected from waste plastic bags for domestic purposes, on the mechanical properties of dense Thin Asphalt Overlay (TAO). Waste materials have been deemed appropriate in the development of asphalt pavement mixtures, due to the expected enhancement in mixture properties further to the reduction in cost and saving natural resources. Three dosages of w-LDPE were incorporated with asphalt binder: 2%, 4%, and 6%. Marshall stability and flow test, indirect tensile strength, creep compliance, skid resistance, wheel track, Cantabro abrasion loss and tensile strength ratio tests were carried out on both control and modified asphalt mixes to achieve the aim of the study. The results show a substantial enhancement in the performance of TAO modified with w-LDPE when compared to the control mix. The pre-eminent improvement was obtained in the creep compliance test, in which the creep compliance value decreased by 83% compared to the control mixture when using 6% of w-LDPE. This study indicated that using waste material is an effective method of asphalt modification that also contributes to promoting environmental sustainability
With the dramatic trend of global aging, the physical and mental health of the rural elderly has ... more With the dramatic trend of global aging, the physical and mental health of the rural elderly has attracted significant attention. Social support plays an important role in improving the health of the elderly. However, assessing the impact of social support on the physical and mental health of the elderly is challenging in rural China. This paper analyzes the impact of social support on the physical and mental health of the Chinese rural elderly based on data collected from households and village cadres. Probit, Oprobit, and ordinary least squares (OLS) are used to estimate these effects. The results show that 24.3% of the rural elderly are in bad physical health, and 32.9% of them are depressed. Physical and mental health is worse among the female elderly and among those who are in western provinces. Having pensions, taking care of grandchildren, and communicating with children by telephone are shown to significantly improve the mental health of the rural elderly. The government could promote the mental health of the rural elderly by improving public health services, increasing pensions, providing free mobile phones to elderly people in poverty, and advocating that the younger generation provide emotional support.
Proceedings of 6th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, 2016
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2019
The development and production of new materials require advanced analytical characterisation to e... more The development and production of new materials require advanced analytical characterisation to explain the relation between the physicochemical structure of the material and its properties. Highly integrated microelectronic structure analysis of surfaces with laser beams and x-ray fluorescence-aided devices is found to be helpful for providing important information, including the interrelationships between physical, chemical, mechanical and durability characteristics of the new developed products. In most instances, no single technique provides all the needed information, and hence, simultaneous application of several techniques becomes necessary. This study was aimed for analysis, characterisation and evaluation of a new novel non-Portland cementitious binder in anhydrous and hydrated states using XRD, FT-IR and TG/DTA.
The paper describes advanced analysis procedures to evaluate pavement layers` interface bonding c... more The paper describes advanced analysis procedures to evaluate pavement layers` interface bonding conditions using non-destructive techniques and Falling Weight Deflectometer surveys. The pavement mechanical properties in terms of the layers` moduli were evaluated under the impact of a dynamic loading by using the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) surveys. The results revealed that the use of the advanced analysis procedures allows for more accurate calculation of the pavement mechanical properties and thus more accurate analysis of the pavement`s structure life. This is one of the advantages of the advanced analysis procedure since the restriction imposed on the conventional back calculation methods that full bonding between the individual layers exist, has been relaxed.
Kufa Journal of Engineering
Cold mix asphalt produced using conventional emulsion and limestone filler has three main disadva... more Cold mix asphalt produced using conventional emulsion and limestone filler has three main disadvantages, namely low early strength due to high amount of water within the mix, long curing time ranging from 2-24 months and high air voids content. In this study, the effect of a novel technology for producing high-quality cold mix asphalt using modified bitumen emulsion has been investigated in terms of indirect tensile stiffness modulus. the effect of a novel technology for homogenizing a bitumen emulsion on its viscosity, particle size and particle size distribution has been investigated. Ultrasound technology has been used to reduce the viscosity and the size of the bitumen droplets. Different samples of cationic bitumen emulsion (C50B4) have been prepared with different treatment durations (0, 5, 7, 10, 12.5, 15, 30, 45 and 60) min. The results have shown a reduction in the viscosity of the bitumen emulsion at treatment times from 5-15 min. The viscosity has been decreased by 28% after 10 min treatment for the emulsion compared to the untreated sample. This reduction indicated a uniform droplet size distribution. In addition, the particle size measurements revealed that the 7 min treatment showed a significant reduction in the D50, which was 84.5%, D10, was 85.89%, and D90 was 90.28% compared to the untreated bitumen emulsion. The results reported contains a comparison between the viscosity of the emulsions, and the indirect tensile stiffness modulus of a control conventional cold mix asphalt and the new high quality cold mix asphalt with low viscosity. Interestingly, the reduction of the 28% in the viscosity of the new emulsion causes an improvement of the indirect tensile stiffness modulus to 216%, which indicates an outstanding achievement.
Construction and Building Materials
This study aims at developing a novel cold asphalt concrete binder course mixture by using Ordina... more This study aims at developing a novel cold asphalt concrete binder course mixture by using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) as a replacement for conventional mineral filler (0%-100%) with new by-product material (LJMU-A2) used as a supplementary cementitious material. With this purpose, cold asphalt concrete binder course mixtures with cationic emulsions were studied by means of stiffness modulus whereas water sensitivity was assessed by measuring the stiffness modulus ratio before and after sample conditioning. The results indicate that a substantial enhancement in the stiffness modulus and a considerable improvement of water sensitivity resistance is achieved by adding LJMU-A2 to the cold asphalt mixtures as a supplementary cementitious material. Moreover, the addition of LJMU-A2 to those mixtures leads to a stiffness modulus after 2-day curing compared to that obtained with Portland cement, which occurs after 7-day curing.
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2019
The paper reports the mechanical and physical properties of new hydraulically bound cementitious ... more The paper reports the mechanical and physical properties of new hydraulically bound cementitious materials made from environmentally friendly waste fly ash and chemical additives. The new products can be used for cement replacement material and need no burning process as the case with conventional cement manufacturing process. Two fly ashes generated from incineration of domestic and industrial wastes were blended and optimized to generate a new ternary blended cementitious material. The developed blended formulation showed versatility in terms of offering different grade mortar having properties like conventional cement. The early strength was comparable to the control mortar, but after the age of 14 days and in the new products, the crushing strength rate is higher than the crushing strength rate produced using ordinary Portland cement mortar. The influence of water content, alkali activation, synthesis by water dispersing agent has also been analyzed in addition to the new materi...
The paper presents laboratory test results on hydraulically bound road foundation materials conta... more The paper presents laboratory test results on hydraulically bound road foundation materials containing high volume of; limestone, steel slag (SS) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBS) dust compared with Type 1 sub base materials normally used by road engineers in the UK as a foundation layer with or without capping. The mixtures incorporating waste dusts were designed as potential hydraulically bound road pavement foundation layer and contain in addition to the dust in the control sub base the following percentage of dust: i) 20% limestone dust, ii) 20% SS dust, iii) 20% limestone dust + 5% GBS and iv)20% SS dust + 5% GBS. The size of the dust aggregates range from 0-4mm. The addition of the wastes dust was to enhance the stiffness of the road foundation materials, save primary aggregates and hence reduce the cost of road construction. The unbound and lightly bound materials resilient modulus were predicted using triaxial repeated load tensile tests according to the current Europe...
The paper presents a two dimensional finite element model (FEM) for a new low profile rail track ... more The paper presents a two dimensional finite element model (FEM) for a new low profile rail track system (LR55) considered as plane strain problem. Adopting such a model the response of the track system to wheel loads exerted by transversely passing vehicles across the track has been adequately investigated. Linear isoparametric elements with 4-node quadrilateral and 3-node triangular shapes have been used in the discretized mesh of the whole structure. Nonhomogeneous materials with isotropic and linear elastic behavior are assumed for all the components forming the track system and the surrounding media. A purpose-built finite element program has been developed to predict the deformations, stresses and strains at any point within the track system. An example for the LR55 track system embedded in a flexible pavement has been solved. The results have demonstrated that the vertical displacement of the rail is within the allowable limit. The vertical pressure distribution in the subbase...
Important tables. Preface xi. Acknowledgements. Symbols and abbreviations. Part 1 BEHAVIOUR OF ST... more Important tables. Preface xi. Acknowledgements. Symbols and abbreviations. Part 1 BEHAVIOUR OF STRUCTURES. 1 Introduction. 2 Loads on buildings and structures. 3 Concurrent coplanar forces. 4 Non-concurrent coplanar forces. 5 Moments of forces. 6 Framed structures. 7 Construction materials. 8 Shear force and bending moment. 9 Properties of sections. Part 2 UNDERSTANDING STRUCTURAL DESIGN. 10 Introduction to structural stability, durability and environmental conditions. 11 Simple beam design. 12 Beams of two materials. 13 Deflection of beams. 14 Axially loaded columns. 15 Connections. 16 Addition of direct and bending stress. 17 Portal frames and arches. 18 Gravity retaining walls.
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015
Sustainability
Cold bitumen emulsion mixtures (CBEMs) are made up of the same materials that are used in hot mix... more Cold bitumen emulsion mixtures (CBEMs) are made up of the same materials that are used in hot mixes. However, asphalt emulsion and water are used in such mixes. To date, many countries are still not using these mixes as a structure layer. This can be attributed mainly to their low resistance to rainfall, long curing time and low early strength. The addition of cementitious filler to CBEMs as a clean paving material is a potential technique to achieve superior mechanical qualities. The aim of this research is to compare improved CBEMs that might be used as a wearing surface to hot mix asphalt (HMA). These improvements were carried out through the use of a combination of cement and limestone, or a combination of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and cement kiln dust (CKD). CBEMs were prepared according to Egyptian and British gradations using different percentages of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), CKD, and limestone. This may offer a new cold bitumen emulsion mixture to be used as a str...
Construction and Building Materials, 2019
The development and production of new materials requires advanced analytical characterisation to ... more The development and production of new materials requires advanced analytical characterisation to explain the relation between the physico-chemical structure of the material and its properties. Highly integrated microelectronic structure analysis of surfaces with laser beams and x-ray fluorescence aided devices are found to be helpful for providing important information, including the interrelationships between physical, chemical, mechanical and durability characteristics of the new developed products. In most instances no single technique provides all the needed information and hence simultaneous application of several techniques becomes necessary. This study was aimed for hydration analysis, characterization and evaluation of a new novel non-Portland binder (NPB) with waste paper sludge ash (PSA) using FTIR and TG/DTA. The progressive formation of hydration products within the non-Portland binder was identified and their microstructural characteristics were analysed. The stable and non-expansive nature of secondary ettringite formation was also identified after a period of 365 days curing.
Sustainability
Concerns about the environment, the cost of energy, and safety mean that low-energy cold-mix asph... more Concerns about the environment, the cost of energy, and safety mean that low-energy cold-mix asphalt materials are very interesting as a potential replacement for present-day hot mix asphalt. The main disadvantage of cold bituminous emulsion mixtures is their poor early life strength, meaning they require a long time to achieve mature strength. This research work aims to study the protentional utilization of waste and by-product materials as a filler in cold emulsion mixtures with mechanical properties comparable to those of traditional hot mix asphalt. Accordingly, cold mix asphalt was prepared to utilize paper sludge ash (PSA) and cement kiln dust (CKD) as a substitution for conventional mineral filler with percentages ranging from 0–6% and 0–4%, respectively. Test results have shown that the incorporation of such waste materials reflected a significant improvement in the mixture’s stiffness and strength evolution. The cementitious reactivity of PSA produces bonding inside the mix...
ABSTRACT The paper reports the results of a research project on the evaluation of the potential p... more ABSTRACT The paper reports the results of a research project on the evaluation of the potential partial use of waste fines limestone dust and steel by-products as alternative aggregates in type 1 road base materials, one major highway construction product. Type 1materials incorporating waste limestone, steel slag (SS), granulated blast furnace slag (GBS), PFA and lime, have been tested. The results showed that the materials containing up to 20% extra limestone dust have no adequate resilient modulus for road use. However when PFA and lime, GBS and SS waste dust have been added to the control mix containing extra 20% waste limestone dust, the lost in the material resilient modulus has been regained and resulted in materials with an acceptable strength for road and highways construction in addition to the fact that there is an adequate and economic supply of the materials.
Construction and Building Materials, 2022
In recent years, there has been a huge demand for innovative methods to upcycle waste materials. ... more In recent years, there has been a huge demand for innovative methods to upcycle waste materials. This study aims to explore and evaluate the effect of using waste low-density polyethylene (w-LDPE), collected from waste plastic bags for domestic purposes, on the mechanical properties of dense Thin Asphalt Overlay (TAO). Waste materials have been deemed appropriate in the development of asphalt pavement mixtures, due to the expected enhancement in mixture properties further to the reduction in cost and saving natural resources. Three dosages of w-LDPE were incorporated with asphalt binder: 2%, 4%, and 6%. Marshall stability and flow test, indirect tensile strength, creep compliance, skid resistance, wheel track, Cantabro abrasion loss and tensile strength ratio tests were carried out on both control and modified asphalt mixes to achieve the aim of the study. The results show a substantial enhancement in the performance of TAO modified with w-LDPE when compared to the control mix. The pre-eminent improvement was obtained in the creep compliance test, in which the creep compliance value decreased by 83% compared to the control mixture when using 6% of w-LDPE. This study indicated that using waste material is an effective method of asphalt modification that also contributes to promoting environmental sustainability
With the dramatic trend of global aging, the physical and mental health of the rural elderly has ... more With the dramatic trend of global aging, the physical and mental health of the rural elderly has attracted significant attention. Social support plays an important role in improving the health of the elderly. However, assessing the impact of social support on the physical and mental health of the elderly is challenging in rural China. This paper analyzes the impact of social support on the physical and mental health of the Chinese rural elderly based on data collected from households and village cadres. Probit, Oprobit, and ordinary least squares (OLS) are used to estimate these effects. The results show that 24.3% of the rural elderly are in bad physical health, and 32.9% of them are depressed. Physical and mental health is worse among the female elderly and among those who are in western provinces. Having pensions, taking care of grandchildren, and communicating with children by telephone are shown to significantly improve the mental health of the rural elderly. The government could promote the mental health of the rural elderly by improving public health services, increasing pensions, providing free mobile phones to elderly people in poverty, and advocating that the younger generation provide emotional support.
Proceedings of 6th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, 2016
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2019
The development and production of new materials require advanced analytical characterisation to e... more The development and production of new materials require advanced analytical characterisation to explain the relation between the physicochemical structure of the material and its properties. Highly integrated microelectronic structure analysis of surfaces with laser beams and x-ray fluorescence-aided devices is found to be helpful for providing important information, including the interrelationships between physical, chemical, mechanical and durability characteristics of the new developed products. In most instances, no single technique provides all the needed information, and hence, simultaneous application of several techniques becomes necessary. This study was aimed for analysis, characterisation and evaluation of a new novel non-Portland cementitious binder in anhydrous and hydrated states using XRD, FT-IR and TG/DTA.