Hege Kornør - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hege Kornør
Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, Jan 17, 2015
Evidence-based practice is at an early stage of uptake within child welfare services. To facilita... more Evidence-based practice is at an early stage of uptake within child welfare services. To facilitate well-informed decisions, we disseminated evidence from systematic reviews (SR) to local child welfare stakeholders in Norway through plain language summaries on a website (http://www.r-bup.no). We developed and implemented our dissemination strategy through seven steps: (1) systematic literature search; (2) selection of relevant SRs; (3) assembly of an advisory board; (4) selection of child welfare SRs relevant to Norway; (5) prioritization of the included SRs; (6) development of a plain language summary (PLS) after feedback from the advisory board; and (7) implementation of website. A total of 9266 potentially relevant records were screened and 120 SRs were included. The advisory board was assembled from local policymakers, practitioners, researchers, carers and consumers. The advisory board members independently ranked the 120 SRs according to relevance and prioritized 20 SRs that w...
Drug and alcohol review, 2005
It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more a... more It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more attention to outcomes during, rather than after, treatment. This review aims to (a) estimate to what extent opioid abstinence can be expected from former maintenance patients, (b) examine possible relationships between patient and treatment characteristics and abstinence rates and (c) assess the need for research in the field of abstinence-orientated maintenance treatment in general, and time-limited buprenorphine maintenance treatment in particular. Database searches supplemented by cross-references resulted in 12 studies included in the review. The studies were mostly naturalistic follow-up studies of former methadone maintenance patients, authored by US researchers in the 1970s. Buprenorphine was used in only one of the studies, and then as a transition between methadone and abstinence. There were considerable variations in definition and assessment of abstinence. Pooled abstinence rat...
Scandinavian journal of psychology, 2004
Correlational analyses of the personality traits measured by the Revised NEO Personality Inventor... more Correlational analyses of the personality traits measured by the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992) and three leadership styles, that is, Change, Production, and Employee (CPE) measured by Ekvall and Arvonen's (1991) CPE questionnaire, were performed. The sample was 106 Norwegian leaders. Three common factors comprising leadership styles and personality domains were interpreted as "looking for new possibilities,"hard working," and "dealing with people." Considering personality traits as behavior tendencies in unspecified situational contexts and leadership styles as behavioral tendencies in the leadership context, and due to the self-report nature of the data, it is argued that the factors show consistency in self-perceptions independent of context. The strongest predictors of the CPE total score were Conscientiousness and Extraversion; Openness and Agreeableness were specific predictors of Change and Employee, respectively.
Psychiatry Research, 2015
Serotonin reuptake inhibiting drugs (SRI) have been used in the treatment of paediatric obsessive... more Serotonin reuptake inhibiting drugs (SRI) have been used in the treatment of paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder over the past 30 years. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to discuss the place of and evidence for the use of SRI in paediatric OCD, based on 14 publications of methodologically sound, randomized and controlled studies. Both SRI and specific SRIs were examined and comparisons of SRI, placebo, cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), combined (COMBO) treatments (SRI+CBT) made to investigate their relative efficacy. Using the Cochrane methodology, and as measures of effect size mean difference and Hedge's g, SRIs proved to be superior to drug placebo, with a modest effect size. From direct comparisons of CBT and SRI treatments, we conclude that CBT has the superior efficacy. COMBO versus CBT shows that SRI treatment adds little to concomitant CBT, while COMBO shows favourable outcome versus SRI alone. In pre-trial partial treatment responders, those who failed a SRI had better outcome from adding CBT as compared to continuing a SRI. Those who failed CBT treatment did as well with continued CBT as with switching to a SRI. The studies of combinations and sequences of treatments need to be developed further.
Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2015
Tidsskrift for den Norske lageforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny rakke, 2010
Physicians prescribe benzodiazepines more often to patients with high alcohol consumption than to... more Physicians prescribe benzodiazepines more often to patients with high alcohol consumption than to others. Little is known about benzodiazepine prescription rates to people who use illicit substances. In this cross-sectional study we examined the association between use of cannabis and prescription of benzodiazepines in young adults. Data were analyzed on use of cannabis and prescription of benzodiazepines among 2606 participants in the survey "Young in Norway longitudinal" (YiN). Data from YiN and the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD) were merged. Anxiety was measured by use of 6 items from the Symptom Checklist-25. Other explanatory variables that were examined were age, sex and urbanity. 55 (2.1 %) participants had received at least one benzodiazepine prescription. Benzodiazepine prescription was significantly associated with frequent cannabis use (OR 4.2) and high level of anxiety (OR 8.5). The patients' sex, age and urbanity had no impact on benzodiazepine prescription. Cannabis users receive more benzodiazepine prescriptions than others. They may have other motives than symptom relief (e.g. euphoric effects) for their benzodiazepine use.
Sykepleien Forskning, 2007
Gynecologic Oncology, 2011
Objective. Perform a systematic review to determine the test performance of HPV mRNA testing comp... more Objective. Perform a systematic review to determine the test performance of HPV mRNA testing compared to DNA testing using CIN2+ as the target condition.
Drug and Alcohol Review, 2006
This study assessed treatment retention, compliance and completion of a 9-month buprenorphine rep... more This study assessed treatment retention, compliance and completion of a 9-month buprenorphine replacement programme. In addition, changes in drug use and other relevant variables, as well as predictors of completion, were examined. Seventy-five opioid-dependent out-patients (mean age 26 years; 33% females) who aimed for opioid abstinence were enrolled into the study. Assessments were undertaken prior to buprenorphine induction and again at 3, 6 and 9 months. Forty patients (53%) completed the buprenorphine programme. At 9 months, 67 patients (87%) were still in counselling. Mean attendance rates for buprenorphine dosing and counselling sessions were 0.91 and 0.74, respectively. There were significant and persistent reductions in drug use during treatment with, however, a reversed tendency in the 9th month. Psychiatric problems escalated at 9 months, and three patients died during the detoxification phase. Completion was predicted by fewer previous treatment episodes. Detoxification from buprenorphine is associated with substantial psychological distress and an increased death risk. Buprenorphine replacement therapy should be continued until the patient chooses to leave, and close monitoring during the detoxification phase is essential. [Kornør H, Waal H, Ali RL. Abstinence-orientated buprenorphine replacement therapy for young adults in out-patient counselling. Drug Alcohol Rev 2006;25:123 -130]
Drug and Alcohol Review, 2005
It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more a... more It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more attention to outcomes during, rather than after, treatment. This review aims to (a) estimate to what extent opioid abstinence can be expected from former maintenance patients, (b) examine possible relationships between patient and treatment characteristics and abstinence rates and (c) assess the need for research in the field of abstinence-orientated maintenance treatment in general, and time-limited buprenorphine maintenance treatment in particular. Database searches supplemented by cross-references resulted in 12 studies included in the review. The studies were mostly naturalistic follow-up studies of former methadone maintenance patients, authored by US researchers in the 1970s. Buprenorphine was used in only one of the studies, and then as a transition between methadone and abstinence. There were considerable variations in definition and assessment of abstinence. Pooled abstinence rates ranged from 22% to 86%. The single factor associated most frequently with abstinence was voluntary participation in detoxification programmes with eligibility criteria ('therapeutic detoxification'). When 'therapeutic detoxification' was compared to 'non-therapeutic detoxification' the pooled abstinence rates were 48% and 22%, respectively. Abstinence-orientated maintenance therapy may be suitable for a subgroup of patients, but there is a substantial need for research updates. [Kornør H, Waal H. From opioid maintenance to abstinence: a literature review. Drug Alcohol Rev 2005;24:267 -274]
Drug and Alcohol Review, 2007
Programme completion is predictive of post-treatment abstinence and other improvements in persons... more Programme completion is predictive of post-treatment abstinence and other improvements in persons with opioid dependence, while continued agonist treatment is associated with better outcomes than no agonist treatment. This study aimed to assess relationships between follow-up outcomes of a 9-month buprenorphine programme, completion and current agonist therapy status. Sixty-eight of 75 opioid-dependent former participants were assessed at study entry and 24 months thereafter. Outcome measures were opioid abstinence, substance use and psychosocial performance. Group comparisons were made between buprenorphine programme completers (n ¼ 38) and non-completers (n ¼ 30), and between participants who were currently in agonist therapy (n ¼ 37) and those who were not. Performance at follow-up was compared to that at study entry. Nine people were abstinent from all opioids at follow-up. Completers and non-completers were similar in follow-up performance and patterns of change, while participants' current agonist therapy status was related to both substance use and psychosocial outcomes. Reductions in street opioid use and injecting were seen regardless of completion and agonist therapy status. Retaining patients in agonist replacement therapy over time is more likely than completion of a time-limited programme to influence long-term outcomes. Time-limited buprenorphine replacement therapy appears to be inappropriate for persons with opioid dependence.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2007
Background: Opioid maintained patients report high levels of anxiety, but the use of benzodiazepi... more Background: Opioid maintained patients report high levels of anxiety, but the use of benzodiazepines among these patients has been associated with negative outcomes such as increased risk of overdose and death and poorer retention in programmes. Previous research has used interview or urine analysis to assess benzodiazepine use. In this study a prescription database was applied. Methods: The Norwegian Prescription Database covers all prescriptions for the entire population from 1 January 2004. Benzodiazepine prescriptions to patients receiving methadone (N = 1364) or buprenorphine (N = 805) in 2004 and 2005 were studied. Type and amount of drugs received were investigated.
BMC Psychiatry, 2007
Background: Personality traits may form a part of the aetiology of opioid dependence. For instanc... more Background: Personality traits may form a part of the aetiology of opioid dependence. For instance, opioid dependence may result from self-medication in emotionally unstable individuals, or from experimenting with drugs in sensation seekers. The five factor model (FFM) has obtained a central position in contemporary personality trait theory. The five factors are: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Few studies have examined whether there is a distinct personality pattern associated with opioid dependence.
BMC Psychiatry, 2008
Background: Early trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (TFCBT) holds promise as a prevent... more Background: Early trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (TFCBT) holds promise as a preventive intervention for people at risk of developing chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this review was to provide an updated evaluation of the effectiveness of early TFCBT on the prevention of PTSD in high risk populations.
Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, Jan 17, 2015
Evidence-based practice is at an early stage of uptake within child welfare services. To facilita... more Evidence-based practice is at an early stage of uptake within child welfare services. To facilitate well-informed decisions, we disseminated evidence from systematic reviews (SR) to local child welfare stakeholders in Norway through plain language summaries on a website (http://www.r-bup.no). We developed and implemented our dissemination strategy through seven steps: (1) systematic literature search; (2) selection of relevant SRs; (3) assembly of an advisory board; (4) selection of child welfare SRs relevant to Norway; (5) prioritization of the included SRs; (6) development of a plain language summary (PLS) after feedback from the advisory board; and (7) implementation of website. A total of 9266 potentially relevant records were screened and 120 SRs were included. The advisory board was assembled from local policymakers, practitioners, researchers, carers and consumers. The advisory board members independently ranked the 120 SRs according to relevance and prioritized 20 SRs that w...
Drug and alcohol review, 2005
It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more a... more It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more attention to outcomes during, rather than after, treatment. This review aims to (a) estimate to what extent opioid abstinence can be expected from former maintenance patients, (b) examine possible relationships between patient and treatment characteristics and abstinence rates and (c) assess the need for research in the field of abstinence-orientated maintenance treatment in general, and time-limited buprenorphine maintenance treatment in particular. Database searches supplemented by cross-references resulted in 12 studies included in the review. The studies were mostly naturalistic follow-up studies of former methadone maintenance patients, authored by US researchers in the 1970s. Buprenorphine was used in only one of the studies, and then as a transition between methadone and abstinence. There were considerable variations in definition and assessment of abstinence. Pooled abstinence rat...
Scandinavian journal of psychology, 2004
Correlational analyses of the personality traits measured by the Revised NEO Personality Inventor... more Correlational analyses of the personality traits measured by the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992) and three leadership styles, that is, Change, Production, and Employee (CPE) measured by Ekvall and Arvonen's (1991) CPE questionnaire, were performed. The sample was 106 Norwegian leaders. Three common factors comprising leadership styles and personality domains were interpreted as "looking for new possibilities,"hard working," and "dealing with people." Considering personality traits as behavior tendencies in unspecified situational contexts and leadership styles as behavioral tendencies in the leadership context, and due to the self-report nature of the data, it is argued that the factors show consistency in self-perceptions independent of context. The strongest predictors of the CPE total score were Conscientiousness and Extraversion; Openness and Agreeableness were specific predictors of Change and Employee, respectively.
Psychiatry Research, 2015
Serotonin reuptake inhibiting drugs (SRI) have been used in the treatment of paediatric obsessive... more Serotonin reuptake inhibiting drugs (SRI) have been used in the treatment of paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder over the past 30 years. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to discuss the place of and evidence for the use of SRI in paediatric OCD, based on 14 publications of methodologically sound, randomized and controlled studies. Both SRI and specific SRIs were examined and comparisons of SRI, placebo, cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), combined (COMBO) treatments (SRI+CBT) made to investigate their relative efficacy. Using the Cochrane methodology, and as measures of effect size mean difference and Hedge's g, SRIs proved to be superior to drug placebo, with a modest effect size. From direct comparisons of CBT and SRI treatments, we conclude that CBT has the superior efficacy. COMBO versus CBT shows that SRI treatment adds little to concomitant CBT, while COMBO shows favourable outcome versus SRI alone. In pre-trial partial treatment responders, those who failed a SRI had better outcome from adding CBT as compared to continuing a SRI. Those who failed CBT treatment did as well with continued CBT as with switching to a SRI. The studies of combinations and sequences of treatments need to be developed further.
Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2015
Tidsskrift for den Norske lageforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny rakke, 2010
Physicians prescribe benzodiazepines more often to patients with high alcohol consumption than to... more Physicians prescribe benzodiazepines more often to patients with high alcohol consumption than to others. Little is known about benzodiazepine prescription rates to people who use illicit substances. In this cross-sectional study we examined the association between use of cannabis and prescription of benzodiazepines in young adults. Data were analyzed on use of cannabis and prescription of benzodiazepines among 2606 participants in the survey "Young in Norway longitudinal" (YiN). Data from YiN and the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD) were merged. Anxiety was measured by use of 6 items from the Symptom Checklist-25. Other explanatory variables that were examined were age, sex and urbanity. 55 (2.1 %) participants had received at least one benzodiazepine prescription. Benzodiazepine prescription was significantly associated with frequent cannabis use (OR 4.2) and high level of anxiety (OR 8.5). The patients' sex, age and urbanity had no impact on benzodiazepine prescription. Cannabis users receive more benzodiazepine prescriptions than others. They may have other motives than symptom relief (e.g. euphoric effects) for their benzodiazepine use.
Sykepleien Forskning, 2007
Gynecologic Oncology, 2011
Objective. Perform a systematic review to determine the test performance of HPV mRNA testing comp... more Objective. Perform a systematic review to determine the test performance of HPV mRNA testing compared to DNA testing using CIN2+ as the target condition.
Drug and Alcohol Review, 2006
This study assessed treatment retention, compliance and completion of a 9-month buprenorphine rep... more This study assessed treatment retention, compliance and completion of a 9-month buprenorphine replacement programme. In addition, changes in drug use and other relevant variables, as well as predictors of completion, were examined. Seventy-five opioid-dependent out-patients (mean age 26 years; 33% females) who aimed for opioid abstinence were enrolled into the study. Assessments were undertaken prior to buprenorphine induction and again at 3, 6 and 9 months. Forty patients (53%) completed the buprenorphine programme. At 9 months, 67 patients (87%) were still in counselling. Mean attendance rates for buprenorphine dosing and counselling sessions were 0.91 and 0.74, respectively. There were significant and persistent reductions in drug use during treatment with, however, a reversed tendency in the 9th month. Psychiatric problems escalated at 9 months, and three patients died during the detoxification phase. Completion was predicted by fewer previous treatment episodes. Detoxification from buprenorphine is associated with substantial psychological distress and an increased death risk. Buprenorphine replacement therapy should be continued until the patient chooses to leave, and close monitoring during the detoxification phase is essential. [Kornør H, Waal H, Ali RL. Abstinence-orientated buprenorphine replacement therapy for young adults in out-patient counselling. Drug Alcohol Rev 2006;25:123 -130]
Drug and Alcohol Review, 2005
It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more a... more It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more attention to outcomes during, rather than after, treatment. This review aims to (a) estimate to what extent opioid abstinence can be expected from former maintenance patients, (b) examine possible relationships between patient and treatment characteristics and abstinence rates and (c) assess the need for research in the field of abstinence-orientated maintenance treatment in general, and time-limited buprenorphine maintenance treatment in particular. Database searches supplemented by cross-references resulted in 12 studies included in the review. The studies were mostly naturalistic follow-up studies of former methadone maintenance patients, authored by US researchers in the 1970s. Buprenorphine was used in only one of the studies, and then as a transition between methadone and abstinence. There were considerable variations in definition and assessment of abstinence. Pooled abstinence rates ranged from 22% to 86%. The single factor associated most frequently with abstinence was voluntary participation in detoxification programmes with eligibility criteria ('therapeutic detoxification'). When 'therapeutic detoxification' was compared to 'non-therapeutic detoxification' the pooled abstinence rates were 48% and 22%, respectively. Abstinence-orientated maintenance therapy may be suitable for a subgroup of patients, but there is a substantial need for research updates. [Kornør H, Waal H. From opioid maintenance to abstinence: a literature review. Drug Alcohol Rev 2005;24:267 -274]
Drug and Alcohol Review, 2007
Programme completion is predictive of post-treatment abstinence and other improvements in persons... more Programme completion is predictive of post-treatment abstinence and other improvements in persons with opioid dependence, while continued agonist treatment is associated with better outcomes than no agonist treatment. This study aimed to assess relationships between follow-up outcomes of a 9-month buprenorphine programme, completion and current agonist therapy status. Sixty-eight of 75 opioid-dependent former participants were assessed at study entry and 24 months thereafter. Outcome measures were opioid abstinence, substance use and psychosocial performance. Group comparisons were made between buprenorphine programme completers (n ¼ 38) and non-completers (n ¼ 30), and between participants who were currently in agonist therapy (n ¼ 37) and those who were not. Performance at follow-up was compared to that at study entry. Nine people were abstinent from all opioids at follow-up. Completers and non-completers were similar in follow-up performance and patterns of change, while participants' current agonist therapy status was related to both substance use and psychosocial outcomes. Reductions in street opioid use and injecting were seen regardless of completion and agonist therapy status. Retaining patients in agonist replacement therapy over time is more likely than completion of a time-limited programme to influence long-term outcomes. Time-limited buprenorphine replacement therapy appears to be inappropriate for persons with opioid dependence.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2007
Background: Opioid maintained patients report high levels of anxiety, but the use of benzodiazepi... more Background: Opioid maintained patients report high levels of anxiety, but the use of benzodiazepines among these patients has been associated with negative outcomes such as increased risk of overdose and death and poorer retention in programmes. Previous research has used interview or urine analysis to assess benzodiazepine use. In this study a prescription database was applied. Methods: The Norwegian Prescription Database covers all prescriptions for the entire population from 1 January 2004. Benzodiazepine prescriptions to patients receiving methadone (N = 1364) or buprenorphine (N = 805) in 2004 and 2005 were studied. Type and amount of drugs received were investigated.
BMC Psychiatry, 2007
Background: Personality traits may form a part of the aetiology of opioid dependence. For instanc... more Background: Personality traits may form a part of the aetiology of opioid dependence. For instance, opioid dependence may result from self-medication in emotionally unstable individuals, or from experimenting with drugs in sensation seekers. The five factor model (FFM) has obtained a central position in contemporary personality trait theory. The five factors are: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Few studies have examined whether there is a distinct personality pattern associated with opioid dependence.
BMC Psychiatry, 2008
Background: Early trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (TFCBT) holds promise as a prevent... more Background: Early trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (TFCBT) holds promise as a preventive intervention for people at risk of developing chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this review was to provide an updated evaluation of the effectiveness of early TFCBT on the prevention of PTSD in high risk populations.