Heidi Mork - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Heidi Mork
International Conference on Software Engineering Advances, Aug 21, 2016
Accessibility testing in software development is testing the software to ensure that it is usable... more Accessibility testing in software development is testing the software to ensure that it is usable by as many people as possible, independent of their capabilities. Few guidelines exist on how to include accessibility testing in an agile process, and how to select testing methods from a cost-benefit point of view. The end result is that many development teams do not include accessibility testing, since they do not know how to prioritize the different testing methods within a tight budget. In this paper, we present an evaluation of four accessibility testing methods that fits in an agile software development process. We discuss the cost of each method with regards to resources and knowledge requirements, and based on a cost-benefit analysis, we present the optimal combinations of these methods in terms of cost and issues discovered. Finally, we describe how accessibility testing methods can be incorporated into an agile process by using the agile accessibility spiral.
Advances in Human-computer Interaction, Jun 10, 2019
Accessibility has become an important focus in software development; the goal is to allow as many... more Accessibility has become an important focus in software development; the goal is to allow as many people as possible, regardless of their capabilities, to use software. We have investigated the methods that software teams prefer when testing the accessibility of their software. We conducted a large-scale study to evaluate six methods, using a sample of 53 people who work on various software teams. We present a detailed breakdown of the results for each testing method and analyze the differences between the methods. Our findings show that there are statistically significant differences in team members' preferences, particularly for those with different roles. This implies that a software team should not choose a single method for all team members.
It is important to include accessibility testing in software development to ensure that the softw... more It is important to include accessibility testing in software development to ensure that the software developed is usable by as many people as possible, independent of their capabilities. Few guidelines exist on how to integrate accessibility testing in an agile process, and how to select testing methods from a cost-benefit point of view. The end result is that many development teams do not include accessibility testing, since they do not know how to prioritize the different testing methods within a tight budget. In this paper, we present an evaluation of nine accessibility testing methods that fits in an agile software development process. We discuss the cost of each method with regards to resources and knowledge requirements, and based on a cost-benefit analysis, we present an optimal combination of these methods in terms of cost and issues discovered. Finally, we describe how accessibility testing methods can be incorporated into an agile process by using the agile accessibility s...
Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming, 2019
There is a growing interest in making software more accessible for everyone, which is emphasized ... more There is a growing interest in making software more accessible for everyone, which is emphasized by the numerous suggestions passed into law in many countries. However, many software organizations that use agile methods postpone or neglect accessibility testing. We aimed to understand how accessibility testing can be better integrated into the daily routine of agile projects by conducting a case study in a Norwegian software company. We investigated three accessibility testing tools: automatic checker, simulation glasses, and a dyslexia simulator. We hosted sessions at which agile project members used the tools while thinking out loud, responded to questionnaires, and were interviewed at the end. Additionally, we observed the project members for 18 workdays. Our results show that all three tools are suitable for agile projects. Especially the automatic checker and simulation glasses worked well in finding accessibility issues and were described as easy to use by the project members. Software organizations should empower their agile project members with low-cost and efficient accessibility testing tools to make their products more accessible for all. Doing this early and often in the development cycle may save the project from potential high costs at a later stage. Keywords: Accessibility testing Á Usability Á Cambridge simulation glasses Á SiteImprove accessibility checker Á WCAG Á Agile software development Á Universal design
Studies in health technology and informatics, 2016
We examined fourteen accessibility evaluation methods and put them into four categories based on ... more We examined fourteen accessibility evaluation methods and put them into four categories based on the knowledge and resources required to perform them. We also classified the methods based on whether they evaluated technical or usable accessibility. Then, we selected four of these methods from different categories to evaluate accessibility of an e-ID solution. We looked for confusing and critical issues. Each method found unique issues and overlapping issues, but no single method found more than half of the issues. This information should help inform future accessibility evaluations of other solutions and can aid other teams in selecting methods based on their specific goals and resources.
Polar varieties have in recent years been used by Bank, Giusti, Heintz, Mbakop, and Pardo, and by... more Polar varieties have in recent years been used by Bank, Giusti, Heintz, Mbakop, and Pardo, and by Safey El Din and Schost, to find efficient procedures for determining points on all real components of a given non-singular algebraic variety. In this note we review the classical notion of polars and polar varieties, as well as the construction of what we here call reciprocal polar varieties. In particular we consider the case of real affine plane curves, and we give conditions for when the polar varieties of singular curves contain points on all real components.
This work summarizes the state of research in universal design in ambient intelligence environmen... more This work summarizes the state of research in universal design in ambient intelligence environments. We provide a detailed background, specify relevant research areas, and review research in these areas. We discuss the findings and put them into perspective with regard to universal design and accessibility in smart environments, and point out research shortcomings concerning ambient intelligence and hybrid interactions. Our findings show that the majority of related work needs stronger emphasis on aspects related to universal design in general; universal design in ambient intelligence; universal design in multimodal interactions; and universal design in security, privacy, and other ethical aspects of smart environments.
International Conference on Software Engineering Advances, Aug 21, 2016
Accessibility testing in software development is testing the software to ensure that it is usable... more Accessibility testing in software development is testing the software to ensure that it is usable by as many people as possible, independent of their capabilities. Few guidelines exist on how to include accessibility testing in an agile process, and how to select testing methods from a cost-benefit point of view. The end result is that many development teams do not include accessibility testing, since they do not know how to prioritize the different testing methods within a tight budget. In this paper, we present an evaluation of four accessibility testing methods that fits in an agile software development process. We discuss the cost of each method with regards to resources and knowledge requirements, and based on a cost-benefit analysis, we present the optimal combinations of these methods in terms of cost and issues discovered. Finally, we describe how accessibility testing methods can be incorporated into an agile process by using the agile accessibility spiral.
Advances in Human-computer Interaction, Jun 10, 2019
Accessibility has become an important focus in software development; the goal is to allow as many... more Accessibility has become an important focus in software development; the goal is to allow as many people as possible, regardless of their capabilities, to use software. We have investigated the methods that software teams prefer when testing the accessibility of their software. We conducted a large-scale study to evaluate six methods, using a sample of 53 people who work on various software teams. We present a detailed breakdown of the results for each testing method and analyze the differences between the methods. Our findings show that there are statistically significant differences in team members' preferences, particularly for those with different roles. This implies that a software team should not choose a single method for all team members.
It is important to include accessibility testing in software development to ensure that the softw... more It is important to include accessibility testing in software development to ensure that the software developed is usable by as many people as possible, independent of their capabilities. Few guidelines exist on how to integrate accessibility testing in an agile process, and how to select testing methods from a cost-benefit point of view. The end result is that many development teams do not include accessibility testing, since they do not know how to prioritize the different testing methods within a tight budget. In this paper, we present an evaluation of nine accessibility testing methods that fits in an agile software development process. We discuss the cost of each method with regards to resources and knowledge requirements, and based on a cost-benefit analysis, we present an optimal combination of these methods in terms of cost and issues discovered. Finally, we describe how accessibility testing methods can be incorporated into an agile process by using the agile accessibility s...
Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming, 2019
There is a growing interest in making software more accessible for everyone, which is emphasized ... more There is a growing interest in making software more accessible for everyone, which is emphasized by the numerous suggestions passed into law in many countries. However, many software organizations that use agile methods postpone or neglect accessibility testing. We aimed to understand how accessibility testing can be better integrated into the daily routine of agile projects by conducting a case study in a Norwegian software company. We investigated three accessibility testing tools: automatic checker, simulation glasses, and a dyslexia simulator. We hosted sessions at which agile project members used the tools while thinking out loud, responded to questionnaires, and were interviewed at the end. Additionally, we observed the project members for 18 workdays. Our results show that all three tools are suitable for agile projects. Especially the automatic checker and simulation glasses worked well in finding accessibility issues and were described as easy to use by the project members. Software organizations should empower their agile project members with low-cost and efficient accessibility testing tools to make their products more accessible for all. Doing this early and often in the development cycle may save the project from potential high costs at a later stage. Keywords: Accessibility testing Á Usability Á Cambridge simulation glasses Á SiteImprove accessibility checker Á WCAG Á Agile software development Á Universal design
Studies in health technology and informatics, 2016
We examined fourteen accessibility evaluation methods and put them into four categories based on ... more We examined fourteen accessibility evaluation methods and put them into four categories based on the knowledge and resources required to perform them. We also classified the methods based on whether they evaluated technical or usable accessibility. Then, we selected four of these methods from different categories to evaluate accessibility of an e-ID solution. We looked for confusing and critical issues. Each method found unique issues and overlapping issues, but no single method found more than half of the issues. This information should help inform future accessibility evaluations of other solutions and can aid other teams in selecting methods based on their specific goals and resources.
Polar varieties have in recent years been used by Bank, Giusti, Heintz, Mbakop, and Pardo, and by... more Polar varieties have in recent years been used by Bank, Giusti, Heintz, Mbakop, and Pardo, and by Safey El Din and Schost, to find efficient procedures for determining points on all real components of a given non-singular algebraic variety. In this note we review the classical notion of polars and polar varieties, as well as the construction of what we here call reciprocal polar varieties. In particular we consider the case of real affine plane curves, and we give conditions for when the polar varieties of singular curves contain points on all real components.
This work summarizes the state of research in universal design in ambient intelligence environmen... more This work summarizes the state of research in universal design in ambient intelligence environments. We provide a detailed background, specify relevant research areas, and review research in these areas. We discuss the findings and put them into perspective with regard to universal design and accessibility in smart environments, and point out research shortcomings concerning ambient intelligence and hybrid interactions. Our findings show that the majority of related work needs stronger emphasis on aspects related to universal design in general; universal design in ambient intelligence; universal design in multimodal interactions; and universal design in security, privacy, and other ethical aspects of smart environments.