Heike Trappe - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Heike Trappe
Barbara Budrich eBooks, 2012
After the Fall of the Wall, 2006
Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 2002
From 1949 to 1989, East Germany was a state socialist society, while West Germany remained capita... more From 1949 to 1989, East Germany was a state socialist society, while West Germany remained capitalist. In 1990, the East again became one country with the West. What were the level and nature of occupational sex segregation in the former East and West Germany in the decade before reunification? How had East~West differences in occupational sex segregation changed by the end of the first decade after unification ? Much of the discussion about changes with unification is based on the assumption that in the GDR compared with the West, there was less overall segregation and more integration especially of predominatelymale occupations because of the East's stronger ideology of gender equality and higher need for labor. Such arguments fail to take into consideration East Germany's higher rate of women's labor force participation, more extensive support for working mothers, and slower development of the service sector. In this paper we use detailed occupational information from 1980s East and West German population
KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 2000
KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 2006
... Deutschland: Achatz et al. 2005; Brückner 2004; Engelbrech 2005; Engelbrech und Nagel 2002; L... more ... Deutschland: Achatz et al. 2005; Brückner 2004; Engelbrech 2005; Engelbrech und Nagel 2002; Liebeskind 2004; für die Niederlande: de Ruijter et al. 2003; für die USA: Reskin und Bielby 2005). Als wesentliche Ursachen ...
Journal of Marriage and Family, 2000
ABSTRACT The former Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the former German Democratic R... more ABSTRACT The former Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the former German Democratic Republic (East Germany) differed sharply in their family policies. We follow 1950s and early 1960s birth cohorts from their first jobs to 1989 to see in what ways having children affected earnings for women and men. For the FRG, we find that being a parent had stronger earnings effects (positive for men and negative for women) than in the GDR, with much of this impact mediated by employment hours for women. This does not mean that having children was unimportant for women's and men's earnings in the GDR, but it indicates that the less variable life course led to more society-wide than individual-level impact. Further, in the East, some young women balanced family and employment by taking jobs below their qualifications, and this reduced their earnings.
European Sociological Review, 1998
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, a... more JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie, 2008
ssoar.info
... soziologisch relevant? Heike Trappe 1. Einleitung Am 14. ... In Deutschland wurde nun sowohl ... more ... soziologisch relevant? Heike Trappe 1. Einleitung Am 14. ... In Deutschland wurde nun sowohl im Jahr 2000 als auch im Jahr 2003 ein signifi-kanter Leistungsvorsprung von Jungen gegenüber Mädchen in Mathematik nachge-wiesen (Stanat/Kunter 2001; OECD 2004). ...
American Sociological Review, 1995
When the German Democratic Republic ceased to exist in 1990, women there had achieved virtual equ... more When the German Democratic Republic ceased to exist in 1990, women there had achieved virtual equality with men in terms of occupational qualifica-tions and labor force experience. New life history data for four birth cohorts of East German women and men show that, ...
Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 2013
We theorize how social policy affects marital stability vis-à -vis macro and micro effects of wiv... more We theorize how social policy affects marital stability vis-à -vis macro and micro effects of wives' employment on divorce risk in 11 Western countries. Correlations among 1990s aggregate data on marriage, divorce, and wives' employment rates, along with attitudinal and social policy information, seem to support specialization hypotheses that divorce rates are higher where more wives are employed and where policies support that employment. This is an ecological fallacy, however, because of the nature of the changes in specific countries. At the micro level, we harmonize national longitudinal data on the most recent cohort of wives marrying for the first time and find that the stabilizing effects of a gendered division of labor have ebbed. In the United States with its lack of policy support, a wife's employment still significantly increases the risk of divorce. A wife's employment has no significant effect on divorce risk in Australia,
The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a well-known long-term effect of div... more The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a well-known long-term effect of divorce that has been found in many Western societies. Less known is the extent to which different family policies and divorce laws have an effect on the intergenerational transmission of divorce. In this paper, the division of Germany into two separate states from 1949 until 1990,
The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a well-known long-term effect of div... more The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a well-known long-term effect of divorce that has been found in many Western societies. Less known is what effect different family policies and divorce laws have on the intergenerational transmission of divorce. In this paper, the division of Germany into two separate states from 1949 until 1990, with the consequent development
A comparison of women's and men's economic relations in the former East and West Germany ... more A comparison of women's and men's economic relations in the former East and West Germany (in this paper henceforth referred to as East and West Germany) in the years following reunification in 1990 is used to exemplify the differential impact of varying opportunity structures on the extent of and change in women's relative contribution to family income. East Germany represents
European Sociological Review
In this article, we provide a long-term East-West comparison of partnered women’s employment from... more In this article, we provide a long-term East-West comparison of partnered women’s employment from the 1940s into the first decade of the new millennium in Germany, and focus on the nexus of gainful employment and family-related responsibilities in women’s lives. Based on an analysis of the institutionally and culturally shaped opportunity structures that define the conditions for partnered women’s employment, we identify distinct periods of support and derive hypotheses on cohort-specific developments. The empirical analysis largely confirms that a divergence between East and West German women’s employment patterns started as early as in the 1950s. East-West differences in labour market participation were strongest among women born around 1940. For successive cohorts of East and West German women, the employment patterns converged. Whereas the labour market participation of West German women gradually increased over time, the employment pattern of East German women adjusted to the W...
Growing separation and divorce rates have shaped the image of the family in the new century. As a... more Growing separation and divorce rates have shaped the image of the family in the new century. As a consequence of this development, parents are increasingly at risk of becoming single parents or of living separated from their children at some point in their life courses. Despite the fact that the share of lone fatherhood has increased in some countries, the overwhelming majority of children co-reside with their mothers after separation. Thus, non-resident fathers have become a growing group in all European countries. This raises the question of how the relationship between the child and the non-resident father develops after separation. The contact that these fathers keep with their children is a policy relevant issue which has been intensively addressed in prior studies for English-speaking countries mainly. We add to this research by investigating the determinants of father-child contact in Germany, a continental European country with a slowly changing legal framework towards more ...
Schmollers Jahrbuch, 2012
Barbara Budrich eBooks, 2012
After the Fall of the Wall, 2006
Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 2002
From 1949 to 1989, East Germany was a state socialist society, while West Germany remained capita... more From 1949 to 1989, East Germany was a state socialist society, while West Germany remained capitalist. In 1990, the East again became one country with the West. What were the level and nature of occupational sex segregation in the former East and West Germany in the decade before reunification? How had East~West differences in occupational sex segregation changed by the end of the first decade after unification ? Much of the discussion about changes with unification is based on the assumption that in the GDR compared with the West, there was less overall segregation and more integration especially of predominatelymale occupations because of the East's stronger ideology of gender equality and higher need for labor. Such arguments fail to take into consideration East Germany's higher rate of women's labor force participation, more extensive support for working mothers, and slower development of the service sector. In this paper we use detailed occupational information from 1980s East and West German population
KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 2000
KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 2006
... Deutschland: Achatz et al. 2005; Brückner 2004; Engelbrech 2005; Engelbrech und Nagel 2002; L... more ... Deutschland: Achatz et al. 2005; Brückner 2004; Engelbrech 2005; Engelbrech und Nagel 2002; Liebeskind 2004; für die Niederlande: de Ruijter et al. 2003; für die USA: Reskin und Bielby 2005). Als wesentliche Ursachen ...
Journal of Marriage and Family, 2000
ABSTRACT The former Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the former German Democratic R... more ABSTRACT The former Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the former German Democratic Republic (East Germany) differed sharply in their family policies. We follow 1950s and early 1960s birth cohorts from their first jobs to 1989 to see in what ways having children affected earnings for women and men. For the FRG, we find that being a parent had stronger earnings effects (positive for men and negative for women) than in the GDR, with much of this impact mediated by employment hours for women. This does not mean that having children was unimportant for women's and men's earnings in the GDR, but it indicates that the less variable life course led to more society-wide than individual-level impact. Further, in the East, some young women balanced family and employment by taking jobs below their qualifications, and this reduced their earnings.
European Sociological Review, 1998
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, a... more JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie, 2008
ssoar.info
... soziologisch relevant? Heike Trappe 1. Einleitung Am 14. ... In Deutschland wurde nun sowohl ... more ... soziologisch relevant? Heike Trappe 1. Einleitung Am 14. ... In Deutschland wurde nun sowohl im Jahr 2000 als auch im Jahr 2003 ein signifi-kanter Leistungsvorsprung von Jungen gegenüber Mädchen in Mathematik nachge-wiesen (Stanat/Kunter 2001; OECD 2004). ...
American Sociological Review, 1995
When the German Democratic Republic ceased to exist in 1990, women there had achieved virtual equ... more When the German Democratic Republic ceased to exist in 1990, women there had achieved virtual equality with men in terms of occupational qualifica-tions and labor force experience. New life history data for four birth cohorts of East German women and men show that, ...
Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 2013
We theorize how social policy affects marital stability vis-à -vis macro and micro effects of wiv... more We theorize how social policy affects marital stability vis-à -vis macro and micro effects of wives' employment on divorce risk in 11 Western countries. Correlations among 1990s aggregate data on marriage, divorce, and wives' employment rates, along with attitudinal and social policy information, seem to support specialization hypotheses that divorce rates are higher where more wives are employed and where policies support that employment. This is an ecological fallacy, however, because of the nature of the changes in specific countries. At the micro level, we harmonize national longitudinal data on the most recent cohort of wives marrying for the first time and find that the stabilizing effects of a gendered division of labor have ebbed. In the United States with its lack of policy support, a wife's employment still significantly increases the risk of divorce. A wife's employment has no significant effect on divorce risk in Australia,
The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a well-known long-term effect of div... more The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a well-known long-term effect of divorce that has been found in many Western societies. Less known is the extent to which different family policies and divorce laws have an effect on the intergenerational transmission of divorce. In this paper, the division of Germany into two separate states from 1949 until 1990,
The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a well-known long-term effect of div... more The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a well-known long-term effect of divorce that has been found in many Western societies. Less known is what effect different family policies and divorce laws have on the intergenerational transmission of divorce. In this paper, the division of Germany into two separate states from 1949 until 1990, with the consequent development
A comparison of women's and men's economic relations in the former East and West Germany ... more A comparison of women's and men's economic relations in the former East and West Germany (in this paper henceforth referred to as East and West Germany) in the years following reunification in 1990 is used to exemplify the differential impact of varying opportunity structures on the extent of and change in women's relative contribution to family income. East Germany represents
European Sociological Review
In this article, we provide a long-term East-West comparison of partnered women’s employment from... more In this article, we provide a long-term East-West comparison of partnered women’s employment from the 1940s into the first decade of the new millennium in Germany, and focus on the nexus of gainful employment and family-related responsibilities in women’s lives. Based on an analysis of the institutionally and culturally shaped opportunity structures that define the conditions for partnered women’s employment, we identify distinct periods of support and derive hypotheses on cohort-specific developments. The empirical analysis largely confirms that a divergence between East and West German women’s employment patterns started as early as in the 1950s. East-West differences in labour market participation were strongest among women born around 1940. For successive cohorts of East and West German women, the employment patterns converged. Whereas the labour market participation of West German women gradually increased over time, the employment pattern of East German women adjusted to the W...
Growing separation and divorce rates have shaped the image of the family in the new century. As a... more Growing separation and divorce rates have shaped the image of the family in the new century. As a consequence of this development, parents are increasingly at risk of becoming single parents or of living separated from their children at some point in their life courses. Despite the fact that the share of lone fatherhood has increased in some countries, the overwhelming majority of children co-reside with their mothers after separation. Thus, non-resident fathers have become a growing group in all European countries. This raises the question of how the relationship between the child and the non-resident father develops after separation. The contact that these fathers keep with their children is a policy relevant issue which has been intensively addressed in prior studies for English-speaking countries mainly. We add to this research by investigating the determinants of father-child contact in Germany, a continental European country with a slowly changing legal framework towards more ...
Schmollers Jahrbuch, 2012