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Papers by Henry Paul Goodell

Characterization of chemical selectivity in micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Journal of Chromatography A, Aug 1, 2000

Linear solvation energy relationships and free energy of transfer data were used to evaluate the ... more Linear solvation energy relationships and free energy of transfer data were used to evaluate the influence of the surfactant counter-ion on selectivity in micellar electrokinetic chromatography. It was determined that selectivity differences are dependent on the valency of the counter-ion but not the type of counter-ion. Monovalent surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and lithium dodecyl sulfate, have nearly identical selectivity

Scientific Reports, Aug 7, 2017

In the past 5 years, e-cigarette use has been increasing rapidly, particularly in youth and young... more In the past 5 years, e-cigarette use has been increasing rapidly, particularly in youth and young adults. Due to the novelty of e-cigarettes (e-cigs) and e-cigarette liquids (e-liquids), research on their chemophysical properties is still in its infancy. Here, we describe a previously unknown and potentially useful property of e-liquids, namely their autofluorescence. We performed an emission scan at 9 excitation wavelengths common to fluorescent microscopy and found (i) that autofluorescence differs widely between e-liquids, (ii) that e-liquids are most fluorescent in the UV range (between 350 and 405 nm) and (iii) fluorescence intensity wanes as the emission wavelength increases. Furthermore, we used the autofluorescence of e-liquids as a marker for tracking e-cig aerosol deposition in the laboratory. Using linear regression analysis, we were able to quantify the deposition of a "vaped" e-liquid onto hard surfaces. Using this technique, we found that every 70 mL puff of an e-cigarette deposited 0.019% e-liquid (v/v) in a controlled environment. Finally, we vaped a surface in the laboratory and used our method to detect e-cig aerosol third-hand exposure. In conclusion, our data suggest that e-cigarette autofluorescence can be used as a marker of e-cigarette deposition.

IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Sep 1, 2016

of the system-on-chip including radio to reduce the entirety of each described system in the sub-... more of the system-on-chip including radio to reduce the entirety of each described system in the sub-milliwatt range.

Journal of Chromatography A, Oct 1, 1978

The influence of the organic modii?ers methanol (MeOH), acetonitrile (AN) and tetrahydrofuran (TH... more The influence of the organic modii?ers methanol (MeOH), acetonitrile (AN) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) on polar group selectivity in reversed-phase liquid chromatography has been studied. In order to elucidate polar group e&c&+, we have Erst explored the influence of the surface coverage of bonded phase on selectivity. Using a series of synthesized n-octyl bonded phases, we have been able to observe significant differences in group contribution with bonded phase coverage, the largest differences arising from MeOH-Hz0 as mobile phase and the least from THF-Hz0 as mobile phase. The importance of using phases that minimize accessible silanol groups in order to study the influence of the mobile phase has been emphasiid. We have selected a high coverage n-octyl phase that is silanized for these studies. In order to examine polar group effects, we have normalized the methylene group increment in the MeOH-H20, AN-H,0 and THF-H,O binary phases. As the hydrophobic selectivity is thus roughly normalized, meanitigful relative polar group contributions are observed. Plots of log k' (THF-H,O) vs. log k' (MeOH-H20) reveal particularly striking polar group differences. The practical usefulness df the plots is shown in the peak reversal of solute mixtures with the two mobile phases. Further studies reveal that polar group selectivity can be poGerfully controlled using ternary phases of MeOH-THF-HLO. Thus, the choice of mobile phase can greatly influence separation in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. INI-FtODUClTON At present reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) using n-al?+ bonded phases is the most frequently selected separation mode in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It is well-known that RPLC is an excellent method to separate substances based on size or alkyl group structure, as a conseqtience of hydrophobic or solvophobic interactions1-5. What may not be suf6ciently realized is that RPLC can also be a highly selective method for separation based on polar group differences. It is known that hydrophobic selectivity in RPLC is a sensitive function of * To whom reprint requests should be sent. N. TANAKA, H. GOODE=, B. L. KARGER the mobile phase, more specZcally the type and amount of organic modifier mixed with water1sz*5. We should also note that the role of the mobile phase has been studied in the past using open-bed technique+'. The composition of the mobile phase can play a significant role on (1) reten: tion; (2) hydrophobic group seIectivity and (3) polar group selectivity-That mobile phase control can be a potentially powerful tool for the optimization of separation has been demonstrated in a recent paper, dealing with binary and ternary phases'. However, it is clear that an understanding of the role of mobile phase composition on retention and selectivity is difficult to achieve because of several facrors. First, as coyectly pointed out by Karch et al., a well-defined and reproducible stationary phase IS required before one can begin to understand mobile phase or bonded phase eff&tsg. Second, without app ro p riate normalization, both hydrophobic and polar group selectivity can simultaneously change with organic modiGer type and composition. Third, there is a Iack of a full understanding of the mechanism of retention with bonded pha&l~loJ1. We have undertaken an examination of the role of organic modifier(s) on selectivity in RPLC. As we have already explored to some extent hydrophobic se-lectivity2, our main emphasis will be on polar group selectivity-In this paper we wish to report our initial efforts in this direction_ We first examine in detail the role of the quality of the bonded phase on retention and group selectivity of non-ionic polar substances, as well as to a limited extent ionic substances. We next turn to a comparison of binary solvents in terms of polar group selectivity. For this study, we have normalized the hydrophobic selectivity in order to examine more meaningfully polar group selectivity. Large variations in polar group selectivity are observed when various organic modifiers are used. Indeed, complete reversals in elution order for selected substances from one mobile phase to another can be found. Polar group selectivity under normalized hydrophobic conditions is also examined in ternary phases, and _&n&ant changes with composition are again seen. It is clear that mobile phase composition can significantly control separation in RPLC. IixPERIMENTAL Equipment i An HPLC instrument was setup from Waters Assoc. (Milford, Mass., U.S.A.) components, consisting of a M6OOOA solvent delivery system, U6K injector, R401 refractive index detector and M4lO absorbance monitor operated at 254 nm. The columns were maintained at 30 t 0.1" by submerging them in a water bath. Co?umns The packing consisted of 5-pm Hypersil (Shandon Southern, Sewickley, Pa., U.S.A.). Chemical bonding was performed with octyldimethylchlorosilane (Silar Labs., Scotia, N-Y., U.S.A.), using conditions similar to those of Hemetsberger et aZ_12_ Silaxiization after bonding was done in a similar fashion using hexamethyldisilazine and trimethylchlorosilane (Silar Labs.). The stationary phase was packed into columns of 15 cm x 4.6 mm I.D. tubing (Analabs, North Haven, Corm., U.S.A.) using conventional high-pressure slurry techniques.

Textile sensor system for electrocardiogram monitoring

Wearable self-powered medical devices have long been a goal of the medical community. The ability... more Wearable self-powered medical devices have long been a goal of the medical community. The ability to constantly monitor the patient's vital signs for abnormalities, in addition to alerting first responders to immediate problems, would allow for more rapid medical treatment. As the population of the United States ages, low-cost and ubiquitous medical devices will improve the ability of medical personnel to diagnose potential health issues early, thus increasing the survival rate and decreasing the potential complications. Electrocardiograms are a major focus of the medical community due to the prevalence of heart issues among elderly Americans, and as the cost of sensors and wireless communication decreases, new devices are possible. This paper describes a Bluetooth-based, dry electrode electrocardiogram monitoring system seamlessly integrated into a T-shirt. The shirt used three dry silver-based electrodes to collect the ECG signal and streamed the resulting signal to an Android smartphone for analysis.

Within the bra industry there exists a need to quantify fit and performance of test bra designs. ... more Within the bra industry there exists a need to quantify fit and performance of test bra designs. While finite element simulation of breast dynamics has been undertaken for imaging and surgical planning, for this real-world application a physical breast simulator with motion control was designed, built, evaluated, and refined through a second iteration. This simulator is based on 3D scans from a professional bra-testing model which were converted into composites of molded-silicone-simulated skin and breast tissue integrated around a SLS 3D printed nylon lattice torso. An initial evaluation of the simulator breast motion was undertaken using standard position and acceleration metrics as well as damped oscillation and rheological studies of various breast formulations. A clinical study of breast firmness and tissue dynamics was completed to validate the simulator formulation and motion as well as to provide a knowledgebase for further improvements and future research inquiries.

Mucus concentration–dependent biophysical abnormalities unify submucosal gland and superficial airway dysfunction in cystic fibrosis

Science Advances, 2022

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by abnormal transepithelial ion transport. However, a descr... more Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by abnormal transepithelial ion transport. However, a description of CF lung disease pathophysiology unifying superficial epithelial and submucosal gland (SMG) dysfunctions has remained elusive. We hypothesized that biophysical abnormalities associated with CF mucus hyperconcentration provide a unifying mechanism. Studies of the anion secretion–inhibited pig airway model of CF revealed elevated SMG mucus concentrations, osmotic pressures, and SMG mucus accumulation. Human airway studies revealed hyperconcentrated CF SMG mucus with raised osmotic pressures and cohesive forces predicted to limit SMG mucus secretion/release. Using proline-rich protein 4 (PRR4) as a biomarker of SMG secretion, CF sputum proteomics analyses revealed markedly lower PRR4 levels compared to healthy and bronchiectasis controls, consistent with a failure of CF SMGs to secrete mucus onto airway surfaces. Raised mucus osmotic/cohesive forces, reflecting mucus hyperconcentra...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by abnormal transepithelial ion transport. However, a descr... more Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by abnormal transepithelial ion transport. However, a description of CF lung disease pathophysiology unifying superficial epithelial and submucosal gland (SMG) dysfunctions has remained elusive. We hypothesized that biophysical abnormalities associated with CF mucus hyperconcentration provide a unifying mechanism. Studies of the anion secretion-inhibited pig airway CF model revealed elevated SMG mucus concentrations, osmotic pressures, and SMG mucus accumulation. Human airway studies revealed hyperconcentrated CF SMG mucus with raised osmotic pressures and cohesive forces predicted to limit SMG mucus secretion/release. Utilizing proline-rich protein 4 (PRR4) as a biomarker of SMG secretion, proteomics analyses of CF sputum revealed markedly lower PRR4 levels compared to healthy and bronchiectasis controls, consistent with a failure of CF SMGs to secrete mucus onto airway surfaces. Raised mucus osmotic/cohesive forces, reflecting mucus hyperconce...

Wearable wireless sensors for chronic respiratory disease monitoring

2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN), 2015

ABSTRACT We present a wearable sensor system consisting of a wristband and chest patch to enable ... more ABSTRACT We present a wearable sensor system consisting of a wristband and chest patch to enable the correlation of individual environmental exposure to health response for understanding impacts of ozone on chronic asthma conditions. The wrist worn device measures ambient ozone concentration, heart rate via plethysmography (PPG), three-axis acceleration, ambient temperature, and ambient relative humidity. The chest patch measures heart rate via electrocardiography (ECG) and PPG, respiratory rate via PPG, wheezing via a microphone, and three-axis acceleration. The data from each sensor is continually streamed to a peripheral data aggregation device, and is subsequently transferred to a dedicated server for cloud storage. The current generation of the system uses only commercially-off-the-shelf (COTS) components where the entire electronic structure of the wristband has dimensions of 3.1x4.1x1.2 cm3 while the chest patch electronics has a dimensions of 3.3x4.4x1.2 cm3. The power consumptions of the wristband and chest patch are 78 mW and 33 mW respectively where using a 400 mAh lithium polymer battery would operate the wristband for around 15 hours and the chest patch for around 36 hours.

The American Surgeon, 2017

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Clearance of intrapulmonary mucus by the high-velocity airflow generated by cough is the major re... more Clearance of intrapulmonary mucus by the high-velocity airflow generated by cough is the major rescue clearance mechanism in subjects with mucoobstructive diseases and failed cilial-dependent mucus clearance, e.g., subjects with cystic fibrosis (CF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Previous studies have investigated the mechanical forces generated at airway surfaces by cough but have not considered the effects of mucus biophysical properties on cough efficacy. Theoretically, mucus can be cleared by cough from the lung by an adhesive failure, i.e., breaking mucus-cell surface adhesive bonds and/or by cohesive failure, i.e., directly fracturing mucus. Utilizing peel-testing technologies, mucus-epithelial surface adhesive and mucus cohesive strengths were measured. Because both mucus concentration and pH have been reported to alter mucus biophysical properties in disease, the effects of mucus concentration and pH on adhesion and cohesion were compared. Both adhesive and...

Scientific reports, Jan 7, 2017

In the past 5 years, e-cigarette use has been increasing rapidly, particularly in youth and young... more In the past 5 years, e-cigarette use has been increasing rapidly, particularly in youth and young adults. Due to the novelty of e-cigarettes (e-cigs) and e-cigarette liquids (e-liquids), research on their chemo-physical properties is still in its infancy. Here, we describe a previously unknown and potentially useful property of e-liquids, namely their autofluorescence. We performed an emission scan at 9 excitation wavelengths common to fluorescent microscopy and found (i) that autofluorescence differs widely between e-liquids, (ii) that e-liquids are most fluorescent in the UV range (between 350 and 405 nm) and (iii) fluorescence intensity wanes as the emission wavelength increases. Furthermore, we used the autofluorescence of e-liquids as a marker for tracking e-cig aerosol deposition in the laboratory. Using linear regression analysis, we were able to quantify the deposition of a "vaped" e-liquid onto hard surfaces. Using this technique, we found that every 70 mL puff of...

Characterization of chemical selectivity in micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Journal of Chromatography A, 2000

Characterization of chemical selectivity in micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Journal of Chromatography A, Aug 1, 2000

Scientific Reports, Aug 7, 2017

IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Sep 1, 2016

Journal of Chromatography A, Oct 1, 1978

Textile sensor system for electrocardiogram monitoring

Mucus concentration–dependent biophysical abnormalities unify submucosal gland and superficial airway dysfunction in cystic fibrosis

Science Advances, 2022

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by abnormal transepithelial ion transport. However, a descr... more Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by abnormal transepithelial ion transport. However, a description of CF lung disease pathophysiology unifying superficial epithelial and submucosal gland (SMG) dysfunctions has remained elusive. We hypothesized that biophysical abnormalities associated with CF mucus hyperconcentration provide a unifying mechanism. Studies of the anion secretion-inhibited pig airway CF model revealed elevated SMG mucus concentrations, osmotic pressures, and SMG mucus accumulation. Human airway studies revealed hyperconcentrated CF SMG mucus with raised osmotic pressures and cohesive forces predicted to limit SMG mucus secretion/release. Utilizing proline-rich protein 4 (PRR4) as a biomarker of SMG secretion, proteomics analyses of CF sputum revealed markedly lower PRR4 levels compared to healthy and bronchiectasis controls, consistent with a failure of CF SMGs to secrete mucus onto airway surfaces. Raised mucus osmotic/cohesive forces, reflecting mucus hyperconce...

Wearable wireless sensors for chronic respiratory disease monitoring

2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN), 2015

The American Surgeon, 2017

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Scientific reports, Jan 7, 2017

In the past 5 years, e-cigarette use has been increasing rapidly, particularly in youth and young... more In the past 5 years, e-cigarette use has been increasing rapidly, particularly in youth and young adults. Due to the novelty of e-cigarettes (e-cigs) and e-cigarette liquids (e-liquids), research on their chemo-physical properties is still in its infancy. Here, we describe a previously unknown and potentially useful property of e-liquids, namely their autofluorescence. We performed an emission scan at 9 excitation wavelengths common to fluorescent microscopy and found (i) that autofluorescence differs widely between e-liquids, (ii) that e-liquids are most fluorescent in the UV range (between 350 and 405 nm) and (iii) fluorescence intensity wanes as the emission wavelength increases. Furthermore, we used the autofluorescence of e-liquids as a marker for tracking e-cig aerosol deposition in the laboratory. Using linear regression analysis, we were able to quantify the deposition of a "vaped" e-liquid onto hard surfaces. Using this technique, we found that every 70 mL puff of...

Characterization of chemical selectivity in micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Journal of Chromatography A, 2000