Hiba Salam - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Hiba Salam

Research paper thumbnail of Analyzing variability of craniometric parameters using computed tomography scan in Indian population

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a crucial region of the spine designed for opti... more Background: The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a crucial region of the spine designed for optimal movements of head and is also a frequent site for various pathological processes. The importance of knowing the CVJ parameters in normal population cannot be overstated when instrumentation and correction of deformities in this region is so frequently being performed. There is paucity of data defining the craniometrics of CVJ osteology in Indian population on the literature search. Accordingly, we present a study in an attempt to quantitate the normal craniometric indices for anatomically normal CVJ in Indian population and compare them with the existing literature from other regions. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to quantitate the normal craniometric indices for anatomically normal CVJ in Indian population and compare them with the existing literature from other regions. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty computed tomography (CTs) belonging to Indians we...

Research paper thumbnail of Keratoderma in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Unusual Cutaneous Manifestation of Disease?

Cureus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease, with the skin being the s... more Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease, with the skin being the second most affected organ after the joints. We present a unique case of a 44-year-old female who presented with an acute flare of SLE and the concurrent onset of keratoderma on both lower limbs. She presented with highgrade fever, arthralgia, and generalized edema of four months duration. A general physical examination revealed pallor and scaly hyperpigmented plaques on both lower limbs, which was confirmed to be keratoderma on histopathological examination. Blood investigations revealed pancytopenia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and positive titers for anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-Po ribosomal P proteins (RPP) antibodies. Immunosuppressive medications and topical keratolytics were used to treat her successfully. Post medical management, she showed significant improvement in her symptoms. On follow-up, the patient had a complete resolution of the symptoms and remained well. This case demonstrates keratoderma as a rare incidental finding in a patient with SLE flare. Understanding SLE's various cutaneous manifestations are critical for holistically diagnosing and treating the disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Cardioembolic Stroke in Young: A Case of Atrial Myxoma Origin

Cureus

Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability. It can be rarely caused by cardi... more Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability. It can be rarely caused by cardiac myxoma. Sometimes stroke may be its first clinical manifestation. Here we report a case of posterior circulation stroke in left atrial myxoma. A 45-year-old female patient presented with a history of recurrent episodes of dizziness and headache of three months duration. Neurological examination showed impaired tandem gait. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed infarction in the left posteroinferior cerebellar hemisphere. Echocardiography of the patient revealed a large left atrial mass suggestive of atrial myxoma and an ejection fraction of 60%. The patient was operated on for atrial myxoma two days after the diagnosis, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. Postoperatively she remained well and was managed on anti-platelet drugs. Atrial myxoma should be considered as a possible differential while evaluating a case of cardioembolic stroke, and echocardiography detects the presence of an atrial myxoma. It is also essential that atrial myxomas are managed early to prevent recurrent strokes.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of knowledge, attitude, practices, and psychological impact of COVID-19 among the urban and rural population of Bangalore, Karnataka

Journal of Surgical Specialties and Rural Practice, 2022

Context and Objectives: There is a strong urban-rural divide in India in terms of education, econ... more Context and Objectives: There is a strong urban-rural divide in India in terms of education, economic status, and availability of health care. This became more prominent during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the government emphasized on preventive aspects, especially in terms of safety practices. With this context, this study sought to evaluate and compare the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and psychological impact of COVID-19 among the urban and rural population of Bangalore to study the differential effects on both communities. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed to 142 participants between December 1 and 31, 2020. The goal was to receive responses from both urban and rural population of Bangalore. Informed consent was taken from all participants. The response scores were tabulated and analyzed using statistical software. Results and Conclusion: A total of 138 responses were evaluated. In comparison to the urban population, there was a statistically significant link between inferior education and occupation in the rural population. (P 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between rural and urban respondents in terms of knowledge (P 0.001) and attitude (P 0.05). The rural population's COVID-19 practices and the psychological impact were shown to be worse, but this was not statistically significant. A holistic approach is required to increase the rural population's knowledge and practices to integrate them with the rest of the country and combat the COVID-19 pandemic more effectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 and its' psychological impact among the public of a metropolitan city of South India

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2020

Background: Our study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 and its’ psy... more Background: Our study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 and its’ psychological impact during the rise in COVID-19 cases and the subsequent implementation of lockdown in India.Methods: We distributed an online questionnaire to 500 people between March 2020 to April 2020. We measured knowledge about COVID-19, attitude regarding the virus, practices, preventive measures and psychological responses.Results: Out of the 500 responses, 64.6% (323) were women and 35.4% (177) were males and all the participants had completed high school. 95% (475) of the respondents had ≥75% knowledge, 86.8% (434) had positive attitudes, 98.2% (491) followed adequate preventive measures, 14.2% (71) reported moderate to extremely severe depression, 13.6% (68) reported moderate to extremely severe anxiety and 6.6% (33) reported moderate to extremely severe stress.Conclusions: Knowledge, attitude and practice scores varied across age, sex, level of education and occupation (p<0.0...

Research paper thumbnail of Analyzing variability of craniometric parameters using computed tomography scan in Indian population

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a crucial region of the spine designed for opti... more Background: The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a crucial region of the spine designed for optimal movements of head and is also a frequent site for various pathological processes. The importance of knowing the CVJ parameters in normal population cannot be overstated when instrumentation and correction of deformities in this region is so frequently being performed. There is paucity of data defining the craniometrics of CVJ osteology in Indian population on the literature search. Accordingly, we present a study in an attempt to quantitate the normal craniometric indices for anatomically normal CVJ in Indian population and compare them with the existing literature from other regions. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to quantitate the normal craniometric indices for anatomically normal CVJ in Indian population and compare them with the existing literature from other regions. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty computed tomography (CTs) belonging to Indians we...

Research paper thumbnail of Keratoderma in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Unusual Cutaneous Manifestation of Disease?

Cureus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease, with the skin being the s... more Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease, with the skin being the second most affected organ after the joints. We present a unique case of a 44-year-old female who presented with an acute flare of SLE and the concurrent onset of keratoderma on both lower limbs. She presented with highgrade fever, arthralgia, and generalized edema of four months duration. A general physical examination revealed pallor and scaly hyperpigmented plaques on both lower limbs, which was confirmed to be keratoderma on histopathological examination. Blood investigations revealed pancytopenia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and positive titers for anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-Po ribosomal P proteins (RPP) antibodies. Immunosuppressive medications and topical keratolytics were used to treat her successfully. Post medical management, she showed significant improvement in her symptoms. On follow-up, the patient had a complete resolution of the symptoms and remained well. This case demonstrates keratoderma as a rare incidental finding in a patient with SLE flare. Understanding SLE's various cutaneous manifestations are critical for holistically diagnosing and treating the disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Cardioembolic Stroke in Young: A Case of Atrial Myxoma Origin

Cureus

Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability. It can be rarely caused by cardi... more Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability. It can be rarely caused by cardiac myxoma. Sometimes stroke may be its first clinical manifestation. Here we report a case of posterior circulation stroke in left atrial myxoma. A 45-year-old female patient presented with a history of recurrent episodes of dizziness and headache of three months duration. Neurological examination showed impaired tandem gait. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed infarction in the left posteroinferior cerebellar hemisphere. Echocardiography of the patient revealed a large left atrial mass suggestive of atrial myxoma and an ejection fraction of 60%. The patient was operated on for atrial myxoma two days after the diagnosis, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. Postoperatively she remained well and was managed on anti-platelet drugs. Atrial myxoma should be considered as a possible differential while evaluating a case of cardioembolic stroke, and echocardiography detects the presence of an atrial myxoma. It is also essential that atrial myxomas are managed early to prevent recurrent strokes.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of knowledge, attitude, practices, and psychological impact of COVID-19 among the urban and rural population of Bangalore, Karnataka

Journal of Surgical Specialties and Rural Practice, 2022

Context and Objectives: There is a strong urban-rural divide in India in terms of education, econ... more Context and Objectives: There is a strong urban-rural divide in India in terms of education, economic status, and availability of health care. This became more prominent during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the government emphasized on preventive aspects, especially in terms of safety practices. With this context, this study sought to evaluate and compare the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and psychological impact of COVID-19 among the urban and rural population of Bangalore to study the differential effects on both communities. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed to 142 participants between December 1 and 31, 2020. The goal was to receive responses from both urban and rural population of Bangalore. Informed consent was taken from all participants. The response scores were tabulated and analyzed using statistical software. Results and Conclusion: A total of 138 responses were evaluated. In comparison to the urban population, there was a statistically significant link between inferior education and occupation in the rural population. (P 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between rural and urban respondents in terms of knowledge (P 0.001) and attitude (P 0.05). The rural population's COVID-19 practices and the psychological impact were shown to be worse, but this was not statistically significant. A holistic approach is required to increase the rural population's knowledge and practices to integrate them with the rest of the country and combat the COVID-19 pandemic more effectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 and its' psychological impact among the public of a metropolitan city of South India

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2020

Background: Our study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 and its’ psy... more Background: Our study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 and its’ psychological impact during the rise in COVID-19 cases and the subsequent implementation of lockdown in India.Methods: We distributed an online questionnaire to 500 people between March 2020 to April 2020. We measured knowledge about COVID-19, attitude regarding the virus, practices, preventive measures and psychological responses.Results: Out of the 500 responses, 64.6% (323) were women and 35.4% (177) were males and all the participants had completed high school. 95% (475) of the respondents had ≥75% knowledge, 86.8% (434) had positive attitudes, 98.2% (491) followed adequate preventive measures, 14.2% (71) reported moderate to extremely severe depression, 13.6% (68) reported moderate to extremely severe anxiety and 6.6% (33) reported moderate to extremely severe stress.Conclusions: Knowledge, attitude and practice scores varied across age, sex, level of education and occupation (p<0.0...