Hien Pham - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hien Pham
Governments in many countries worldwide have increasingly focused on accreditation as an importan... more Governments in many countries worldwide have increasingly focused on accreditation as an important strategy to improve the quality of vocational education and training (VET). In Vietnam, accreditation in vocational training is still in its initial stage of development. The first cycle of accreditation at institutional level was conducted in 2008, and accreditation at programme level was piloted for the first time in 2012. The purpose of this mixed method study was to investigate the actual effects of institutional and programme accreditation from the perspectives of staff members in two Vietnamese vocational training colleges. Sixty staff members in these two institutions participated in the study. A questionnaire combining closed-ended and open-ended questions was administered to all participants. To obtain more in-depth responses about the impact of accreditation, individual interviews were conducted with eight participants. The findings suggest that the staff members overall had ...
Nature communications, Jan 15, 2018
We introduce indium arsenide colloidal quantum dot films for photovoltaic devices, fabricated by ... more We introduce indium arsenide colloidal quantum dot films for photovoltaic devices, fabricated by two-step surface modification. Native ligands and unwanted oxides on the surface are peeled off followed by passivating with incoming atomic or short ligands. The near-infrared-absorbing n-type indium arsenide colloidal quantum dot films can be tuned in energy-level positions up to 0.4 eV depending on the surface chemistry, and consequently, they boost collection efficiency when used in various emerging solar cells. As an example, we demonstrate p-n junction between n-type indium arsenide and p-type lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot layers, which leads to a favorable electronic band alignment and charge extraction from both colloidal quantum dot layers. A certified power conversion efficiency of 7.92% is achieved without additionally supporting carrier transport layers. This study provides richer materials to explore for high-efficiency emerging photovoltaics and will broaden research i...
Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering and Toxicology, 1997
RefDoc, THE reference in scientific document supply / Refdoc, la référence en fourniture de docum... more RefDoc, THE reference in scientific document supply / Refdoc, la référence en fourniture de documents scientifiques ...
Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering and Toxicology, 1995
Abstract The photocatalytic oxidation process has been evaluated as a basis for disinfecting larg... more Abstract The photocatalytic oxidation process has been evaluated as a basis for disinfecting large volumes of water. A 95 percent reduction in viability of B. pumilus spores, suspended with TiO2 in water, was observed after exposing the model organism to ultraviolet (UV) ...
Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 2011
Purpose of review-Insulin resistance is a known complication of end-stage renal disease that also... more Purpose of review-Insulin resistance is a known complication of end-stage renal disease that also appears to be present in earlier stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and an important potential therapeutic target in this population. Measurement of insulin resistance is reviewed in the context of known pathophysiologic abnormalities in CKD. Recent findings-Insulin resistance in CKD is due to a high prevalence of known risk factors (e.g. obesity) and to unique metabolic abnormalities. The site of insulin resistance in CKD is localized to skeletal muscle. Estimates based on fasting insulin concentration may not adequately capture insulin resistance in CKD because they largely reflect hepatic defects and because CKD impairs insulin catabolism. A variety of dynamic tests are available to directly measure insulinmediated glucose uptake. Summary-Insulin resistance may be an important therapeutic target in CKD. Complementary methods are available to assess insulin resistance, and each method has unique advantages, disadvantages, and levels of complexity. These characteristics, and the likelihood that CKD alters the performance of some insulin resistance measurements, must be considered when designing and interpreting clinical studies.
Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2012
Background and objectives Insulin resistance is a complication of advanced CKD. Insulin resistanc... more Background and objectives Insulin resistance is a complication of advanced CKD. Insulin resistance is less well characterized in earlier stages of CKD. The response of the pancreatic b cell, effects on glucose tolerance, and risk of diabetes are not clear. Design, setting, participants, & measurements The Cardiovascular Health Study included 4680 adults without baseline diabetes. The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine equation was used to obtain the estimated GFR (eGFR). Insulin resistance was evaluated as fasting insulin concentration. The insulin sensitivity index, b cell function, and glucose tolerance were assessed by oral glucose tolerance testing. Incident diabetes was defined as fasting glucose 126mg/dl,nonfastingglucose126 mg/dl, nonfasting glucose 126mg/dl,nonfastingglucose200 mg/dl, or use of glucose-lowering medications. Results Mean age was 72.5 years (range, 65-98 years). Mean eGFR was 72.2 (SD 17.1) ml/min per 1.73 m 2. After adjustment, each 10 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 lower eGFR was associated with a 2.2% higher fasting insulin concentration (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4%, 2.9%; P,0.001) and a 1.1% lower insulin sensitivity index (95% CI, 0.03%, 2.2%; P=0.04). Surprisingly, eGFR was associated with an augmented b cell function index (P,0.001), lower 2-hour glucose concentration (P=0.002), and decreased risk of glucose intolerance (P=0.006). Over a median 12 years' follow-up, 437 participants (9.3%) developed diabetes. eGFR was not associated with the risk of incident diabetes. Conclusions Among older adults, lower eGFR was associated with insulin resistance. However, with lower eGFR, b cell function was appropriately augmented and risks of impaired glucose tolerance and incident diabetes were not increased.
Governments in many countries worldwide have increasingly focused on accreditation as an importan... more Governments in many countries worldwide have increasingly focused on accreditation as an important strategy to improve the quality of vocational education and training (VET). In Vietnam, accreditation in vocational training is still in its initial stage of development. The first cycle of accreditation at institutional level was conducted in 2008, and accreditation at programme level was piloted for the first time in 2012. The purpose of this mixed method study was to investigate the actual effects of institutional and programme accreditation from the perspectives of staff members in two Vietnamese vocational training colleges. Sixty staff members in these two institutions participated in the study. A questionnaire combining closed-ended and open-ended questions was administered to all participants. To obtain more in-depth responses about the impact of accreditation, individual interviews were conducted with eight participants. The findings suggest that the staff members overall had ...
Nature communications, Jan 15, 2018
We introduce indium arsenide colloidal quantum dot films for photovoltaic devices, fabricated by ... more We introduce indium arsenide colloidal quantum dot films for photovoltaic devices, fabricated by two-step surface modification. Native ligands and unwanted oxides on the surface are peeled off followed by passivating with incoming atomic or short ligands. The near-infrared-absorbing n-type indium arsenide colloidal quantum dot films can be tuned in energy-level positions up to 0.4 eV depending on the surface chemistry, and consequently, they boost collection efficiency when used in various emerging solar cells. As an example, we demonstrate p-n junction between n-type indium arsenide and p-type lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot layers, which leads to a favorable electronic band alignment and charge extraction from both colloidal quantum dot layers. A certified power conversion efficiency of 7.92% is achieved without additionally supporting carrier transport layers. This study provides richer materials to explore for high-efficiency emerging photovoltaics and will broaden research i...
Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering and Toxicology, 1997
RefDoc, THE reference in scientific document supply / Refdoc, la référence en fourniture de docum... more RefDoc, THE reference in scientific document supply / Refdoc, la référence en fourniture de documents scientifiques ...
Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering and Toxicology, 1995
Abstract The photocatalytic oxidation process has been evaluated as a basis for disinfecting larg... more Abstract The photocatalytic oxidation process has been evaluated as a basis for disinfecting large volumes of water. A 95 percent reduction in viability of B. pumilus spores, suspended with TiO2 in water, was observed after exposing the model organism to ultraviolet (UV) ...
Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 2011
Purpose of review-Insulin resistance is a known complication of end-stage renal disease that also... more Purpose of review-Insulin resistance is a known complication of end-stage renal disease that also appears to be present in earlier stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and an important potential therapeutic target in this population. Measurement of insulin resistance is reviewed in the context of known pathophysiologic abnormalities in CKD. Recent findings-Insulin resistance in CKD is due to a high prevalence of known risk factors (e.g. obesity) and to unique metabolic abnormalities. The site of insulin resistance in CKD is localized to skeletal muscle. Estimates based on fasting insulin concentration may not adequately capture insulin resistance in CKD because they largely reflect hepatic defects and because CKD impairs insulin catabolism. A variety of dynamic tests are available to directly measure insulinmediated glucose uptake. Summary-Insulin resistance may be an important therapeutic target in CKD. Complementary methods are available to assess insulin resistance, and each method has unique advantages, disadvantages, and levels of complexity. These characteristics, and the likelihood that CKD alters the performance of some insulin resistance measurements, must be considered when designing and interpreting clinical studies.
Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2012
Background and objectives Insulin resistance is a complication of advanced CKD. Insulin resistanc... more Background and objectives Insulin resistance is a complication of advanced CKD. Insulin resistance is less well characterized in earlier stages of CKD. The response of the pancreatic b cell, effects on glucose tolerance, and risk of diabetes are not clear. Design, setting, participants, & measurements The Cardiovascular Health Study included 4680 adults without baseline diabetes. The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine equation was used to obtain the estimated GFR (eGFR). Insulin resistance was evaluated as fasting insulin concentration. The insulin sensitivity index, b cell function, and glucose tolerance were assessed by oral glucose tolerance testing. Incident diabetes was defined as fasting glucose 126mg/dl,nonfastingglucose126 mg/dl, nonfasting glucose 126mg/dl,nonfastingglucose200 mg/dl, or use of glucose-lowering medications. Results Mean age was 72.5 years (range, 65-98 years). Mean eGFR was 72.2 (SD 17.1) ml/min per 1.73 m 2. After adjustment, each 10 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 lower eGFR was associated with a 2.2% higher fasting insulin concentration (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4%, 2.9%; P,0.001) and a 1.1% lower insulin sensitivity index (95% CI, 0.03%, 2.2%; P=0.04). Surprisingly, eGFR was associated with an augmented b cell function index (P,0.001), lower 2-hour glucose concentration (P=0.002), and decreased risk of glucose intolerance (P=0.006). Over a median 12 years' follow-up, 437 participants (9.3%) developed diabetes. eGFR was not associated with the risk of incident diabetes. Conclusions Among older adults, lower eGFR was associated with insulin resistance. However, with lower eGFR, b cell function was appropriately augmented and risks of impaired glucose tolerance and incident diabetes were not increased.