Hisham Ismail - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Hisham Ismail

Research paper thumbnail of Natural inhibitors for acetylcholinesterase and autophagy modulators as effective antagonists for tau and β-amyloid in Alzheimer’s rat model

Research paper thumbnail of Non-invasive follow-up of Egyptian patients infected with Helicobacter pylori by quantification of H. pylori circulating antigen in serum using ELISA

Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research, Oct 25, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Content Alerts

This article cites 19 articles, 6 of which can be accessed free at:

Research paper thumbnail of Potential Association of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) with CD133 and G2/M as Independent Predictors in Colorectal Cancer Development

Biochemistry Letters, 2019

Objective: PARP inhibitor therapy was intensively investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Theref... more Objective: PARP inhibitor therapy was intensively investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, our aim was to investigate the potential association of DNA repair protein PARP-1 with cancer stem cell CD133 and DNA cell cycle abnormalities in colorectal cancer patients and ulcerative colitis (UC) as a diagnostic tool for differential diagnosis, evaluation of tumor progression and prediction of patient's disease outcome to benefit in therapeutic response. Materials and Methods: Thirty seven (20 colorectal cancer and 17 Ulcerative colitis) patients and ten tissue specimens of normal colon mucosa used as non-disease control group. Tissue specimens from all individuals were collected at surgery and examined for PARP-1, CD133 and DNA Cell cycle by flow cytometry. Results: CD133 and PARP-1 were gradually increased from UC to CRC (p<0.0001) in CD133 and PARP-1 (p=0.02). DNA cell cycle abnormalities showed significant difference between CRC and UC groups only in G2/M (p<0.0001). CRC showed higher expression of CD133 in Stage III compared to stage I (p=0.01) but the difference in tumor site was recorded between transverse colon and rectum in S phase (p=0.04) and G0/1 (p=0.016) and between transverse and Lt Colon in G0/1 (p=0.016). Multiple regressions for PARP-1, CD133 and G2/M showed higher prediction for CRC progression. Conclusion: PARP-1, CD133 and G2/M could be considered as additional biomarkers to increase the diagnostic potential in CRC patients, in predicting tumor development and monitoring therapeutic response.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Cytokeratin 17 Levels in Sera of Patients with Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer for women and its incidence is gradually... more Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer for women and its incidence is gradually increasing. Here, the serum levels of basal cytokeratin 17 (CK17) and its association with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with invasive ductal breast carcinomas(IDBC) were investigated. Methods: Preoperative/pretreatment sera were obtained from 78 female patients with IDBC and sera from 24 age-matched healthy females were used as controls. Serum levels of CK17 were determined using sandwich ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS program. Results: Serum CK17 levels were significantly higher in IDBC patients (1.26± 0.11; 0.93ng/mL) than controls(0.24± 0.01;0.23ng/mL). Statistical analysis showed that CK17 serum levels significantly correlated with age, menopausal status, tumor size, histologic grad, and pTNM stage of IDBC patients. Moreover, higher mean CK17 levels significantly associated with triple-negative subtype. At the best cutoff level (0.31), the CK17 assay showed area under ROC curve of 0.944 indicating high diagnostic performances. Conclusion: The serum CK17 may be a prerequisite marker in invasive ductal breast carcinoma.

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical Association of CD44 Expression with Proliferative Activity and Apoptotic State in Egyptian Patients Suffering from Ulcerative Colitis and Colorectal Carcinoma

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2021

Background and aim: Cancer stem cell markers were thoroughly investigated as a promising strategy... more Background and aim: Cancer stem cell markers were thoroughly investigated as a promising strategy for the prediction of patient outcome and therapeutic response. The prospective role of CD44 cell adhesion molecule in tumorigenic potential and its association with the proliferative activity and apoptotic status of Egyptian patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) were investigated in this study. Material and method: Flow cytometric analyses of CD44, DNA cell cycle, and apoptosis identified by Annexin V/PI were performed on colonic tissue specimens obtained from 44 CRC patients, 36 UC patients, and 30 controls. Results: The CRC patients showed overexpression of CD44 marker (p < 0.0001) in comparison with UC and control groups. Regression analysis identified CD44 marker as an independent predictor for tumor staging and grading (p < 0.0001) of CRC patients. The CD44 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage (r = 0.656), tumor grade (r = 0.645), and the proliferative activity of DNA cell cycle (S phase, r = 0.396). However, CD44 expression was negatively correlated with early apoptosis (r =-0.525). Conclusion: According to our findings, there was a significant and positive association between CD44 dysregulated expression and S phase of DNA cell cycle but a negative association with early apoptosis in CRC patients, suggesting CD44 role in apoptosis suppression reducing the tumor growth reserve.

Research paper thumbnail of Levels of Schistosoma mansoni Circulating Antigen in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Different Stages of Liver Fibrosis

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 2016

The goal of this study was to determine the levels of S. mansoni antigen in different liver fibro... more The goal of this study was to determine the levels of S. mansoni antigen in different liver fibrosis stages with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) Egyptian patients. A total of 174 CHC patients showing HCV-NS4 antigen and HCV- RNA in their sera were included. S. mansoni antigen was detected in using western blot and ELISA. The levels of interferon-γ (IFN- γ) were determined using ELISA. The 50 kDa S. mansoni antigen discriminated patients infected with S. mansoni from healthy individuals with 0.93 area under curve (AUC), 92 % sensitivity and 97% specificity. The level of S. mansoni antigen (µg/ml) was significantly (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001) increased with the progression of liver fibrosis stages (26.9 ± 17.5 in F1, 42.1 ± 25.2 in F2, 49.8 ± 30.3 in F3 and 62.2 ± 26.3 µg/ml in F4 liver cirrhosis), 26.9 ± 17.59 in significant fibrosis (F2-F4); 51.2 ± 27.9 in advanced fibrosis (F3-F4). A significant correlation (r = 0.506; p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001) was shown between the levels of the S. mansoni antigen and the HCV-NS4 antigen. In conclusion, the presence of S. mansoni antigen in different liver fibrosis stages of CHC patients confirming that concomitant schistosome infection aggravates liver disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Placental and oral delivery of Schistosoma mansoni antigen from infected mothers to their newborns and children

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2003

A 63-kD Schistosoma mansoni antigen was detected in 149 (86%) of 174 umbilical cord blood sera fr... more A 63-kD Schistosoma mansoni antigen was detected in 149 (86%) of 174 umbilical cord blood sera from infected women at delivery. Specific IgG antibodies to this antigen were also detected in 80% of cord blood sera. The 63-kD antigen showed the same molecular mass by Western blotting when isolated from cord blood, maternal blood, breast milk, and urine from women infected with S. mansoni. This antigen was detected in the urine of 25 infants born to infected mothers and followed for 18-24 months after delivery. It was also detected in some infants up to 21 days after parturition and then disappeared at 28 days, demonstrating the influence of breast-feeding on persistence of antigen in infants born to infected women. Thus, exposure to Schistosoma antigens and maternal antibodies to this organism may influence the developing immune responses to natural infection or vaccination of children born in endemic areas.

Research paper thumbnail of Immunochemical characterization and diagnostic potential of a 63-kilodalton Schistosoma antigen

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 1999

Schistosoma circulating antigens were used for the detection of active infection. Anti-S. mansoni... more Schistosoma circulating antigens were used for the detection of active infection. Anti-S. mansoni IgG2a monoclonal antibody (MAb) designated C5C4 was generated. The target epitope of this MAb was detected in adult worms, eggs, and cercariae antigenic extracts of S. mansoni and S. haematobium, had a molecular size of 63 kD, and was not detected in Fasciola hepatica and Ascaris. In addition, a 50-kD degradation product was identified only in the urine of infected individuals. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography of the purified antigen demonstrated only one peak. The 63-kD antigen was characterized as a protein containing 40.4% hydrophobic, 7.5% acidic, and 8.8% basic amino acids. The C5C4 MAb was used in a Fast Dot-ELISA for rapid and simple diagnosis of human schistosomiasis. The 63-kD circulating antigen was detected in 92% of urine samples from 330 S. mansoni-infected individuals, with 16% false-positive results among 130 noninfected individuals.

Research paper thumbnail of Rapid detection of a Schistosoma mansoni circulating antigen excreted in urine of infected individuals by using a monoclonal antibody

Journal of clinical microbiology, 1999

Schistosoma circulating antigens were used to indicate the infection intensity and to assess cure... more Schistosoma circulating antigens were used to indicate the infection intensity and to assess cure. An immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) mouse monoclonal antibody was used in a fast dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; FDA) for rapid and simple diagnosis of schistosomiasis in the field. Seven hundred Egyptians were parasitologically examined for Schistosoma mansoni and other parasitic infections. A rectal biopsy was done as a "gold standard" for individuals showing no S. mansoni eggs in their feces. Egg counts were obtained by the Kato smear method for only 100 of 152 individuals with eggs in their feces. Specific anti-schistosome IgG antibodies were evaluated in sera by ELISA. Urine samples from the 700 individuals were tested by FDA for detection of the circulating antigen. The assay showed a sensitivity of 93% among 433 infected individuals and a specificity of 89% among 267 noninfected individuals. FDA showed the highest efficiency of antigen detection (91%) compared ...

Research paper thumbnail of Fast-Dot ELISA using urine, a rapid and dependable field assay for diagnosis of schistosomiasis

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 1997

The fast dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (FD-ELISA) was used as a field applicable tool for... more The fast dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (FD-ELISA) was used as a field applicable tool for rapid diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Seven hundreds faecal specimens were parasitologically examined for detection of S. mansoni eggs and other parasitic infection. Egg count was done for 100 infected patients. Rectal biopsies (394) were taken from individuals with no S. mansoni egg in their stool where it was used as a golden standard for diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Cross-reactivity with other parasites was studied. Serum samples were tested by ELISA technique for detection of human IgG anti-schistosomal antibodies. Seven hundreds urine samples (433 S. mansoni infected patients and 267 healthy individuals) were tested by FD-ELISA for detection of a schistosomal antigen excreted in urine using BRLF4 mouse monoclonal antibody. FD-ELISA results were compared with ELISA detecting antischistosomal IgG and stool analysis where, it showed highest efficiency (91%), compared with 81% and 60% f...

Research paper thumbnail of The Use of Flow Cytometric DNA Ploidy Analysis of Liver Biopsies in Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Research paper thumbnail of Rapid diagnosis and follow up of bladder cancer patients using urinary high molecular weight cytokeratins

World Journal of Urology, 2006

We have developed an office-based dot-EIA for the detection of a urinary high molecular weight cy... more We have developed an office-based dot-EIA for the detection of a urinary high molecular weight cytokeratin (CK). Immunohistochemical staining and western blot based on CK1K10 monoclonal antibody were used to identify the CK. Urine of 192 patients with different types, grades, and stages of bladder tumor and 72 controls were evaluated using dot-EIA. An intense and diffuse cytoplasmic reaction was shown in bladder squamous cell carcinoma. The target epitope was identified in urine at 65, 56, and 40-kDa. The CK purified from urine showed single polypeptide at 65-kDa using SDS-PAGE and single peak at 7.4 min using capillary zone electrophoresis. The dot-EIA detected the CK with high sensitivity (97%) and specificity (94%). The CK was not detected in urine of bladder cancer patients showing response to radiotherapy. The sensitive and specific office-based detection of urinary cytokeratin would be helpful in rapid diagnosis and follow up of bladder carcinoma.

Research paper thumbnail of Induction of resistance against Schistosoma mansoni infection by passive transfer of an IgG2a monoclonal antibody

Vaccine, 1999

Monoclonal antibodies can confer resistance to schistosome infections. This has led to identi®cat... more Monoclonal antibodies can confer resistance to schistosome infections. This has led to identi®cation of several protective antigens. An IgG2a monoclonal antibody designated BRL4 mAb identi®ed a 74-kDa antigen in antigenic extract of Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. The target antigen was localized in gut and tegument. In 3 passive transfer experiments, the BRL4 mAb conferred 51.6, 41.9 and 53.8% protection levels into female Swiss mice. Histopathological examination revealed a marked decrease in number, size, collagen and reticular ®bers of the liver granulomas. Further experiments using puri®ed 74-kDa-target antigen as a candidate vaccine will be performed.

Research paper thumbnail of Vaccination against Schistosoma mansoni infection using 74 kDa Schistosoma protein antigen

Vaccine, 1999

An IgG 2a anti-Schistosoma mansoni mouse monoclonal antibody was shown to passively protect Swiss... more An IgG 2a anti-Schistosoma mansoni mouse monoclonal antibody was shown to passively protect Swiss mice. The 74 kDa target antigen was isolated from antigenic extracts of S. mansoni adult worms. Swiss and C57 BL/6J mice were immunized with 30, 50, 100 and 200 mg antigen/mouse doses with and without Freund's adjuvant. Sera of immunized mice showed high reactivity against 74 kDa antigen. The highest protection level (76.6% in Swiss mice and 50.1% in C57 BL/6J mice) was obtained using the 50 mg antigen dose with and without Freund's adjuvant. A marked reduction in granuloma number and intensity of collagen and reticular granuloma ®bers was observed. The 74 kDa antigen has the ability to protect mice of dierent strains and to modulate the host immune system.

Research paper thumbnail of Immunochemical Purification and Characterization of a 74.0-kDa Schistosoma mansoni Antigen

The Journal of Parasitology, 1998

A polypeptide antigen of 74.0 kDa molecular weight was detected in the antigenic extracts of the ... more A polypeptide antigen of 74.0 kDa molecular weight was detected in the antigenic extracts of the 3 developmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni (eggs, cercariae, and adult worms) by western blotting using BRL4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that significantly protected mice at the levels of 51.6%, 42%, and 53.8% against challenge S. mansoni infection in 3 separate experiments. This antigen was isolated and purified from crude soluble worm antigen preparation by immunoaffinity chromatography using CNBr-activated sepharose-4B beads coupled with the BRL4 mAb. The purified antigen showed a single peak when analyzed by both high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance capillary electrophoresis. The 74-kDa antigen was characterized as a protein in nature with 56.9% hydrophilic amino acids and 43.1% hydrophobic amino acids. This antigen was detected in 93% of urine samples from infected cases with specificity of 89% among noninfected cases using an enzyme immunoassay-fast dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on BRL4 mAb.

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of Passive Immunization with IgY Antibodies to a 58-kDa H. pylori Antigen on Severe Gastritis in BALB/c Mouse Model

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 2009

Consecutive triple doses of 1 x 10(8) CFU/mL of a pathogenic H. pylori strain isolated from stoma... more Consecutive triple doses of 1 x 10(8) CFU/mL of a pathogenic H. pylori strain isolated from stomach of Egyptian patients with severe gastritis were used to establish infection in BALB/c mice model. White Leghorn hens were immunized with H. pylori whole cell lysate (HpLysate) antigen and with a highly reactive 58-kDa H. pylori (Hp58) antigen. Two months later, IgY antibodies (IgY-HpLysate &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; IgY-Hp58) were purified from egg yolk and its efficacy was evaluated in the adopted model. Microbiological culture and immunohistochemical staining revealed that H. pylori infection was inhibited 1 week after oral passive immunization in 70% of infected BALB/c mice with a significant decrease (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) in the degrees of gastritis. In conclusion, we have adapted BALB/c mice model for human H. pylori pathogenic strain and oral passive immunization with specific IgY antibodies to the 58-kDa antigen inhibited active H. pylori infection and decreased gastritis.

Research paper thumbnail of Rapid and Simple Detection of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Circulating Antigen in Serum Using Dot-ELISA for Field Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 2003

Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a major health problem worldwide. Developing an easy, inexpen... more Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a major health problem worldwide. Developing an easy, inexpensive immunodiagnostic test is extremely important for TB diagnosis, especially in developing countries. A target mycobacterial circulating antigen of 55-kDa molecular weight was identified in sera from confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected individuals by using Western blotting based on a specific mouse IgG anti-M. tuberculosis monoclonal antibody (TB-55 mAb). No bands were identified in sera of healthy individuals. The target TB antigen was isolated and characterized as a protein. It consists of 15 amino acids; 24.6% of the amino acids are hydrophobic and 46.4% are hydrophilic. A dot-ELISA format, based on TB-55 mAb, was developed for the direct demonstration of the 55-kDa TB antigen in serum samples of pulmonary TB patients. The technical aspects of the developed dot-ELISA are simple, rapid (5 min), and reproducible, as well as sensitive (87%) and specific (93%). Using the more sensitive immunoassay; Western blot, the 55-kDa TB antigen was detected in all (100%) sera that have been shown false negative by dot-ELISA, as well as in true positive sera. In conclusion, we have developed a simple and rapid immunoassay for the direct detection of a circulating mycobacterial antigen in sera of TB infected individuals and, therefore, the developed assay can be applied for laboratory and field diagnosis of TB infection in developing countries.

Research paper thumbnail of Immunochemical Identification and Detection of Serum Fibronectin in Liver Fibrosis Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 2007

Serum tests measuring the dynamic processes of fibrogenesis and fibrolysis may reflect the severi... more Serum tests measuring the dynamic processes of fibrogenesis and fibrolysis may reflect the severity of liver disease. Fibronectin plays a role in liver fibrosis. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of fibronectin in chronic HCV infection among Egyptian patients. Fibronectin was identified using specific monoclonal antibody and Western blot at 90-kDa in sera of HCV infected patients with liver fibrosis. The purified serum fibronectin showed one peak at 8 min when analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis. Fibronectin was quantified in serum using ELISA. The mean (+/-SD) serum level of fibronectin (mg/L) in liver fibrosis patients were 450.9 (+/-170.3) and 230.5 (+/-90.3) in control individuals, respectively. There was a significant correlation between METAVIR score and serum fibronectin (r=0.401; P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of fibronectin for discriminating patients with liver fibrosis from those with no fibrosis livers and its p value were 0.78 and P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.0001. The efficiency of fibronectin for discriminating patients with liver fibrosis from those with non fibrosis livers was 75%. In conclusion, serum fibronectin can differentiate HCV infected patients with liver fibrosis from patients with non fibrosis.

Research paper thumbnail of Utility of a novel HCV-NS4 antigen detection immunoassay for monitoring treatment of HCV-infected individuals with pegylated interferon α-2a

Hepatology Research, 2004

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection continues to be an emerging global health concern. With the adv... more Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection continues to be an emerging global health concern. With the advent of additional treatment protocols, a simple and reliable assay for changes in HCV load may permit more frequent patient assessment and tailoring of the therapeutic regimen. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Natural inhibitors for acetylcholinesterase and autophagy modulators as effective antagonists for tau and β-amyloid in Alzheimer’s rat model

Research paper thumbnail of Non-invasive follow-up of Egyptian patients infected with Helicobacter pylori by quantification of H. pylori circulating antigen in serum using ELISA

Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research, Oct 25, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Content Alerts

This article cites 19 articles, 6 of which can be accessed free at:

Research paper thumbnail of Potential Association of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) with CD133 and G2/M as Independent Predictors in Colorectal Cancer Development

Biochemistry Letters, 2019

Objective: PARP inhibitor therapy was intensively investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Theref... more Objective: PARP inhibitor therapy was intensively investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, our aim was to investigate the potential association of DNA repair protein PARP-1 with cancer stem cell CD133 and DNA cell cycle abnormalities in colorectal cancer patients and ulcerative colitis (UC) as a diagnostic tool for differential diagnosis, evaluation of tumor progression and prediction of patient's disease outcome to benefit in therapeutic response. Materials and Methods: Thirty seven (20 colorectal cancer and 17 Ulcerative colitis) patients and ten tissue specimens of normal colon mucosa used as non-disease control group. Tissue specimens from all individuals were collected at surgery and examined for PARP-1, CD133 and DNA Cell cycle by flow cytometry. Results: CD133 and PARP-1 were gradually increased from UC to CRC (p<0.0001) in CD133 and PARP-1 (p=0.02). DNA cell cycle abnormalities showed significant difference between CRC and UC groups only in G2/M (p<0.0001). CRC showed higher expression of CD133 in Stage III compared to stage I (p=0.01) but the difference in tumor site was recorded between transverse colon and rectum in S phase (p=0.04) and G0/1 (p=0.016) and between transverse and Lt Colon in G0/1 (p=0.016). Multiple regressions for PARP-1, CD133 and G2/M showed higher prediction for CRC progression. Conclusion: PARP-1, CD133 and G2/M could be considered as additional biomarkers to increase the diagnostic potential in CRC patients, in predicting tumor development and monitoring therapeutic response.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Cytokeratin 17 Levels in Sera of Patients with Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer for women and its incidence is gradually... more Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer for women and its incidence is gradually increasing. Here, the serum levels of basal cytokeratin 17 (CK17) and its association with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with invasive ductal breast carcinomas(IDBC) were investigated. Methods: Preoperative/pretreatment sera were obtained from 78 female patients with IDBC and sera from 24 age-matched healthy females were used as controls. Serum levels of CK17 were determined using sandwich ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS program. Results: Serum CK17 levels were significantly higher in IDBC patients (1.26± 0.11; 0.93ng/mL) than controls(0.24± 0.01;0.23ng/mL). Statistical analysis showed that CK17 serum levels significantly correlated with age, menopausal status, tumor size, histologic grad, and pTNM stage of IDBC patients. Moreover, higher mean CK17 levels significantly associated with triple-negative subtype. At the best cutoff level (0.31), the CK17 assay showed area under ROC curve of 0.944 indicating high diagnostic performances. Conclusion: The serum CK17 may be a prerequisite marker in invasive ductal breast carcinoma.

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical Association of CD44 Expression with Proliferative Activity and Apoptotic State in Egyptian Patients Suffering from Ulcerative Colitis and Colorectal Carcinoma

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2021

Background and aim: Cancer stem cell markers were thoroughly investigated as a promising strategy... more Background and aim: Cancer stem cell markers were thoroughly investigated as a promising strategy for the prediction of patient outcome and therapeutic response. The prospective role of CD44 cell adhesion molecule in tumorigenic potential and its association with the proliferative activity and apoptotic status of Egyptian patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) were investigated in this study. Material and method: Flow cytometric analyses of CD44, DNA cell cycle, and apoptosis identified by Annexin V/PI were performed on colonic tissue specimens obtained from 44 CRC patients, 36 UC patients, and 30 controls. Results: The CRC patients showed overexpression of CD44 marker (p < 0.0001) in comparison with UC and control groups. Regression analysis identified CD44 marker as an independent predictor for tumor staging and grading (p < 0.0001) of CRC patients. The CD44 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage (r = 0.656), tumor grade (r = 0.645), and the proliferative activity of DNA cell cycle (S phase, r = 0.396). However, CD44 expression was negatively correlated with early apoptosis (r =-0.525). Conclusion: According to our findings, there was a significant and positive association between CD44 dysregulated expression and S phase of DNA cell cycle but a negative association with early apoptosis in CRC patients, suggesting CD44 role in apoptosis suppression reducing the tumor growth reserve.

Research paper thumbnail of Levels of Schistosoma mansoni Circulating Antigen in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Different Stages of Liver Fibrosis

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 2016

The goal of this study was to determine the levels of S. mansoni antigen in different liver fibro... more The goal of this study was to determine the levels of S. mansoni antigen in different liver fibrosis stages with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) Egyptian patients. A total of 174 CHC patients showing HCV-NS4 antigen and HCV- RNA in their sera were included. S. mansoni antigen was detected in using western blot and ELISA. The levels of interferon-γ (IFN- γ) were determined using ELISA. The 50 kDa S. mansoni antigen discriminated patients infected with S. mansoni from healthy individuals with 0.93 area under curve (AUC), 92 % sensitivity and 97% specificity. The level of S. mansoni antigen (µg/ml) was significantly (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001) increased with the progression of liver fibrosis stages (26.9 ± 17.5 in F1, 42.1 ± 25.2 in F2, 49.8 ± 30.3 in F3 and 62.2 ± 26.3 µg/ml in F4 liver cirrhosis), 26.9 ± 17.59 in significant fibrosis (F2-F4); 51.2 ± 27.9 in advanced fibrosis (F3-F4). A significant correlation (r = 0.506; p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001) was shown between the levels of the S. mansoni antigen and the HCV-NS4 antigen. In conclusion, the presence of S. mansoni antigen in different liver fibrosis stages of CHC patients confirming that concomitant schistosome infection aggravates liver disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Placental and oral delivery of Schistosoma mansoni antigen from infected mothers to their newborns and children

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2003

A 63-kD Schistosoma mansoni antigen was detected in 149 (86%) of 174 umbilical cord blood sera fr... more A 63-kD Schistosoma mansoni antigen was detected in 149 (86%) of 174 umbilical cord blood sera from infected women at delivery. Specific IgG antibodies to this antigen were also detected in 80% of cord blood sera. The 63-kD antigen showed the same molecular mass by Western blotting when isolated from cord blood, maternal blood, breast milk, and urine from women infected with S. mansoni. This antigen was detected in the urine of 25 infants born to infected mothers and followed for 18-24 months after delivery. It was also detected in some infants up to 21 days after parturition and then disappeared at 28 days, demonstrating the influence of breast-feeding on persistence of antigen in infants born to infected women. Thus, exposure to Schistosoma antigens and maternal antibodies to this organism may influence the developing immune responses to natural infection or vaccination of children born in endemic areas.

Research paper thumbnail of Immunochemical characterization and diagnostic potential of a 63-kilodalton Schistosoma antigen

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 1999

Schistosoma circulating antigens were used for the detection of active infection. Anti-S. mansoni... more Schistosoma circulating antigens were used for the detection of active infection. Anti-S. mansoni IgG2a monoclonal antibody (MAb) designated C5C4 was generated. The target epitope of this MAb was detected in adult worms, eggs, and cercariae antigenic extracts of S. mansoni and S. haematobium, had a molecular size of 63 kD, and was not detected in Fasciola hepatica and Ascaris. In addition, a 50-kD degradation product was identified only in the urine of infected individuals. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography of the purified antigen demonstrated only one peak. The 63-kD antigen was characterized as a protein containing 40.4% hydrophobic, 7.5% acidic, and 8.8% basic amino acids. The C5C4 MAb was used in a Fast Dot-ELISA for rapid and simple diagnosis of human schistosomiasis. The 63-kD circulating antigen was detected in 92% of urine samples from 330 S. mansoni-infected individuals, with 16% false-positive results among 130 noninfected individuals.

Research paper thumbnail of Rapid detection of a Schistosoma mansoni circulating antigen excreted in urine of infected individuals by using a monoclonal antibody

Journal of clinical microbiology, 1999

Schistosoma circulating antigens were used to indicate the infection intensity and to assess cure... more Schistosoma circulating antigens were used to indicate the infection intensity and to assess cure. An immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) mouse monoclonal antibody was used in a fast dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; FDA) for rapid and simple diagnosis of schistosomiasis in the field. Seven hundred Egyptians were parasitologically examined for Schistosoma mansoni and other parasitic infections. A rectal biopsy was done as a "gold standard" for individuals showing no S. mansoni eggs in their feces. Egg counts were obtained by the Kato smear method for only 100 of 152 individuals with eggs in their feces. Specific anti-schistosome IgG antibodies were evaluated in sera by ELISA. Urine samples from the 700 individuals were tested by FDA for detection of the circulating antigen. The assay showed a sensitivity of 93% among 433 infected individuals and a specificity of 89% among 267 noninfected individuals. FDA showed the highest efficiency of antigen detection (91%) compared ...

Research paper thumbnail of Fast-Dot ELISA using urine, a rapid and dependable field assay for diagnosis of schistosomiasis

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 1997

The fast dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (FD-ELISA) was used as a field applicable tool for... more The fast dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (FD-ELISA) was used as a field applicable tool for rapid diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Seven hundreds faecal specimens were parasitologically examined for detection of S. mansoni eggs and other parasitic infection. Egg count was done for 100 infected patients. Rectal biopsies (394) were taken from individuals with no S. mansoni egg in their stool where it was used as a golden standard for diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Cross-reactivity with other parasites was studied. Serum samples were tested by ELISA technique for detection of human IgG anti-schistosomal antibodies. Seven hundreds urine samples (433 S. mansoni infected patients and 267 healthy individuals) were tested by FD-ELISA for detection of a schistosomal antigen excreted in urine using BRLF4 mouse monoclonal antibody. FD-ELISA results were compared with ELISA detecting antischistosomal IgG and stool analysis where, it showed highest efficiency (91%), compared with 81% and 60% f...

Research paper thumbnail of The Use of Flow Cytometric DNA Ploidy Analysis of Liver Biopsies in Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Research paper thumbnail of Rapid diagnosis and follow up of bladder cancer patients using urinary high molecular weight cytokeratins

World Journal of Urology, 2006

We have developed an office-based dot-EIA for the detection of a urinary high molecular weight cy... more We have developed an office-based dot-EIA for the detection of a urinary high molecular weight cytokeratin (CK). Immunohistochemical staining and western blot based on CK1K10 monoclonal antibody were used to identify the CK. Urine of 192 patients with different types, grades, and stages of bladder tumor and 72 controls were evaluated using dot-EIA. An intense and diffuse cytoplasmic reaction was shown in bladder squamous cell carcinoma. The target epitope was identified in urine at 65, 56, and 40-kDa. The CK purified from urine showed single polypeptide at 65-kDa using SDS-PAGE and single peak at 7.4 min using capillary zone electrophoresis. The dot-EIA detected the CK with high sensitivity (97%) and specificity (94%). The CK was not detected in urine of bladder cancer patients showing response to radiotherapy. The sensitive and specific office-based detection of urinary cytokeratin would be helpful in rapid diagnosis and follow up of bladder carcinoma.

Research paper thumbnail of Induction of resistance against Schistosoma mansoni infection by passive transfer of an IgG2a monoclonal antibody

Vaccine, 1999

Monoclonal antibodies can confer resistance to schistosome infections. This has led to identi®cat... more Monoclonal antibodies can confer resistance to schistosome infections. This has led to identi®cation of several protective antigens. An IgG2a monoclonal antibody designated BRL4 mAb identi®ed a 74-kDa antigen in antigenic extract of Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. The target antigen was localized in gut and tegument. In 3 passive transfer experiments, the BRL4 mAb conferred 51.6, 41.9 and 53.8% protection levels into female Swiss mice. Histopathological examination revealed a marked decrease in number, size, collagen and reticular ®bers of the liver granulomas. Further experiments using puri®ed 74-kDa-target antigen as a candidate vaccine will be performed.

Research paper thumbnail of Vaccination against Schistosoma mansoni infection using 74 kDa Schistosoma protein antigen

Vaccine, 1999

An IgG 2a anti-Schistosoma mansoni mouse monoclonal antibody was shown to passively protect Swiss... more An IgG 2a anti-Schistosoma mansoni mouse monoclonal antibody was shown to passively protect Swiss mice. The 74 kDa target antigen was isolated from antigenic extracts of S. mansoni adult worms. Swiss and C57 BL/6J mice were immunized with 30, 50, 100 and 200 mg antigen/mouse doses with and without Freund's adjuvant. Sera of immunized mice showed high reactivity against 74 kDa antigen. The highest protection level (76.6% in Swiss mice and 50.1% in C57 BL/6J mice) was obtained using the 50 mg antigen dose with and without Freund's adjuvant. A marked reduction in granuloma number and intensity of collagen and reticular granuloma ®bers was observed. The 74 kDa antigen has the ability to protect mice of dierent strains and to modulate the host immune system.

Research paper thumbnail of Immunochemical Purification and Characterization of a 74.0-kDa Schistosoma mansoni Antigen

The Journal of Parasitology, 1998

A polypeptide antigen of 74.0 kDa molecular weight was detected in the antigenic extracts of the ... more A polypeptide antigen of 74.0 kDa molecular weight was detected in the antigenic extracts of the 3 developmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni (eggs, cercariae, and adult worms) by western blotting using BRL4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that significantly protected mice at the levels of 51.6%, 42%, and 53.8% against challenge S. mansoni infection in 3 separate experiments. This antigen was isolated and purified from crude soluble worm antigen preparation by immunoaffinity chromatography using CNBr-activated sepharose-4B beads coupled with the BRL4 mAb. The purified antigen showed a single peak when analyzed by both high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance capillary electrophoresis. The 74-kDa antigen was characterized as a protein in nature with 56.9% hydrophilic amino acids and 43.1% hydrophobic amino acids. This antigen was detected in 93% of urine samples from infected cases with specificity of 89% among noninfected cases using an enzyme immunoassay-fast dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on BRL4 mAb.

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of Passive Immunization with IgY Antibodies to a 58-kDa H. pylori Antigen on Severe Gastritis in BALB/c Mouse Model

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 2009

Consecutive triple doses of 1 x 10(8) CFU/mL of a pathogenic H. pylori strain isolated from stoma... more Consecutive triple doses of 1 x 10(8) CFU/mL of a pathogenic H. pylori strain isolated from stomach of Egyptian patients with severe gastritis were used to establish infection in BALB/c mice model. White Leghorn hens were immunized with H. pylori whole cell lysate (HpLysate) antigen and with a highly reactive 58-kDa H. pylori (Hp58) antigen. Two months later, IgY antibodies (IgY-HpLysate &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; IgY-Hp58) were purified from egg yolk and its efficacy was evaluated in the adopted model. Microbiological culture and immunohistochemical staining revealed that H. pylori infection was inhibited 1 week after oral passive immunization in 70% of infected BALB/c mice with a significant decrease (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) in the degrees of gastritis. In conclusion, we have adapted BALB/c mice model for human H. pylori pathogenic strain and oral passive immunization with specific IgY antibodies to the 58-kDa antigen inhibited active H. pylori infection and decreased gastritis.

Research paper thumbnail of Rapid and Simple Detection of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Circulating Antigen in Serum Using Dot-ELISA for Field Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 2003

Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a major health problem worldwide. Developing an easy, inexpen... more Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a major health problem worldwide. Developing an easy, inexpensive immunodiagnostic test is extremely important for TB diagnosis, especially in developing countries. A target mycobacterial circulating antigen of 55-kDa molecular weight was identified in sera from confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected individuals by using Western blotting based on a specific mouse IgG anti-M. tuberculosis monoclonal antibody (TB-55 mAb). No bands were identified in sera of healthy individuals. The target TB antigen was isolated and characterized as a protein. It consists of 15 amino acids; 24.6% of the amino acids are hydrophobic and 46.4% are hydrophilic. A dot-ELISA format, based on TB-55 mAb, was developed for the direct demonstration of the 55-kDa TB antigen in serum samples of pulmonary TB patients. The technical aspects of the developed dot-ELISA are simple, rapid (5 min), and reproducible, as well as sensitive (87%) and specific (93%). Using the more sensitive immunoassay; Western blot, the 55-kDa TB antigen was detected in all (100%) sera that have been shown false negative by dot-ELISA, as well as in true positive sera. In conclusion, we have developed a simple and rapid immunoassay for the direct detection of a circulating mycobacterial antigen in sera of TB infected individuals and, therefore, the developed assay can be applied for laboratory and field diagnosis of TB infection in developing countries.

Research paper thumbnail of Immunochemical Identification and Detection of Serum Fibronectin in Liver Fibrosis Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 2007

Serum tests measuring the dynamic processes of fibrogenesis and fibrolysis may reflect the severi... more Serum tests measuring the dynamic processes of fibrogenesis and fibrolysis may reflect the severity of liver disease. Fibronectin plays a role in liver fibrosis. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of fibronectin in chronic HCV infection among Egyptian patients. Fibronectin was identified using specific monoclonal antibody and Western blot at 90-kDa in sera of HCV infected patients with liver fibrosis. The purified serum fibronectin showed one peak at 8 min when analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis. Fibronectin was quantified in serum using ELISA. The mean (+/-SD) serum level of fibronectin (mg/L) in liver fibrosis patients were 450.9 (+/-170.3) and 230.5 (+/-90.3) in control individuals, respectively. There was a significant correlation between METAVIR score and serum fibronectin (r=0.401; P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of fibronectin for discriminating patients with liver fibrosis from those with no fibrosis livers and its p value were 0.78 and P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.0001. The efficiency of fibronectin for discriminating patients with liver fibrosis from those with non fibrosis livers was 75%. In conclusion, serum fibronectin can differentiate HCV infected patients with liver fibrosis from patients with non fibrosis.

Research paper thumbnail of Utility of a novel HCV-NS4 antigen detection immunoassay for monitoring treatment of HCV-infected individuals with pegylated interferon α-2a

Hepatology Research, 2004

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection continues to be an emerging global health concern. With the adv... more Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection continues to be an emerging global health concern. With the advent of additional treatment protocols, a simple and reliable assay for changes in HCV load may permit more frequent patient assessment and tailoring of the therapeutic regimen. ...