Hnin Hnin Khaing - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Hnin Hnin Khaing

Management Systems in Production Engineering, 2021

Custom designed insoles are a niche product that is not always affordable to all who need them. W... more Custom designed insoles are a niche product that is not always affordable to all who need them. When commercial insoles are fabricated using advanced technologies, the insoles in this study are assembled out of pre-cut modular components to keep the production cost down, hence their price. In this study, algorithms driven by a fuzzy inference were proposed in comparison with a decision tree in order to select the best component combination. One hundred and twelve subjects were recruited to collect foot data extracted from their foot images. Approximately 95% of 182 AI-designed insole pads were found in perfect agreement with the professional podiatrist’s decision with acceptable 5% deviation. Differences in the algorithms’ strength were also discussed. In addition to their superior performance, both algorithms allow the podiatrists to speed up the diagnosis and design phases. This approach, when integrated with applications of mobile devices for remotely retrieving foot data, will e...

2020 IEEE Applied Signal Processing Conference (ASPCON), 2020

This work proposes a new method to classify epileptic seizures based on a well-known deep learnin... more This work proposes a new method to classify epileptic seizures based on a well-known deep learning technique named convolutional neural network (CNN), where the input images are generated by Gramian angular field (GAF) transformation. For this purpose, the EEG signals have been assumed as time series data. Certainly, two different signals such as the EEG signal and its instantaneous power have been used for image generation by two different ways — Gramian angular summation field (GASF) and Gramian angular difference field (GADF). The generated images are directly fed into multilayer CNN having multiple hidden layers. For experimental validation, EEG dataset from Bonn University has been considered. The experimental results exhibit the classification accuracy up to 98%. The efficiency of the proposed method has been evaluated by measuring sensitivity and specificity of 99% and 98.9% respectively. In a comparative study, the proposed idea displays significant improvement in seizure classification. Thus, the proposed idea reveals the usefulness of GAF in deep learning framework for epileptic seizure classification.

WIPP Geochemical Conditions Geochemistry Predominantly pure halite (NaCI) Salado formation salt w... more WIPP Geochemical Conditions Geochemistry Predominantly pure halite (NaCI) Salado formation salt with mostly anhydrite (CaS0 4) interbeds. Temperature Ambient is 28°C , an increase of up to 3°C is possible due to the emplacement of TRU waste. Pressure-15 MPa (147 atm) lithostatic, up to-8 MPa (79.0 atm) hydrostatic in a borehole intrusion scenario. Gas Phase Initially air at repository clos ure, but rapidly transitions to an anoxic atmosphere dominated by H2 and CO 2 with trace-levels of CH 4 , H 2 S and other microbially generated gases at pressures up to lithostatic. Water Content Unsaturated for short period of time with a humidity-70% RH at the repository temperature. Brine inclusions, in the salt range from 0.1 to 0.2 %, by mass , are present in pre-excavated salt. Brine saturation will occur through human intrusion scenarios over a wide range of repository time. Engineered MgO will sequester CO 2 and buffer pH by the precipitation of brucite, hydromagnesite, and magnesite. Barrier Brine High ionic strength brine, bracketed by GWB and ERDA-6 brine formulations; pH-9 buffered by MgO. Microbial Gas generation , primarily CO 2 also CH 4 and H 2 S, due to the biodegradation of cellulosic, plastic and Effects rubber (CPR) materials. Corrosion Container steel because of corrosion will remove 02 and will produce H 2. Radiolysis Localized oxidizing effects possible near high-activity actinides, but overall radiolytic processes will be overwhelmed by the reducing components in the repository.

In this study, treatment of pulp and paper wastewater was investigated. Wastewater from pulp and ... more In this study, treatment of pulp and paper wastewater was investigated. Wastewater from pulp and paper industry was treated by coagulation-flocculation method using alum (Al2(SO4)3) and polyaluminium amide (PAM). The various chemical dosage were tested such as 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 4000 ppm, 5000 ppm, 6000 ppm and the maximum removal efficiency percent of Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were found to be 69%, 28%, 62%, and 80%, respectively. According to the results, the removal of turbidity to a maximum level of 98% at dosage of 5000 ppm. This technology can prove to be eco-friendly processes.

Reduced iron species, that are present in and/or generated from the steel canisters used in waste... more Reduced iron species, that are present in and/or generated from the steel canisters used in waste disposal, are expected to help generate and maintain a reducing environment in an underground nuclear waste repository. Radionuclides, in this context, are maintained in less soluble and therefore less mobile forms [1]. The reduction of higher-valent plutonium to less soluble Pu(IV) in simulated WIPP brine was previously established in our laboratory [2,3]. We are in the process to extend this work to a broader range of experimental conditions. Different iron phases and oxidation states (coupons, powder, Fe2+, Fe3+, ferric oxide, iron (II,III) oxide) have been investigated in WIPP brines at various pH values from 7 to 10. The reduction of Pu(VI) was always observed when iron (II) was present in solution. It was found that Pu(IV) was preferentially associated with the iron phases formed. In WIPP brine at high pH, an Fe(II, III) oxide (“green rust”) was formed with bromide ion as the inte...

 Abstract— Evidence of increasing and continuous diffusion of low cost GPS devices, it is becomi... more  Abstract— Evidence of increasing and continuous diffusion of low cost GPS devices, it is becoming the challenges to analyze the moving objects trajectory data. To analyze the moving object trajectories, there is a need for mechanism that how to effectively cluster on moving objects. Trajectory clustering has long been an important research direction on move mining, but still remains which algorithm is more effective among existing algorithms. In this paper, we propose a clustering algorithm which is based on Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). It cannot cluster data sets well with large differences in densities. We address this problem by proposed clustering algorithm which enhanced the DBSCAN by solving time consuming. Finally we evaluate an efficient trajectory clustering algorithm with real trajectory dataset by comparing with DBSCAN. Evaluation results show that proposed clustering algorithm can provide better performance and minimal error tha...

Reduced iron species, that are present in and/or generated from the steel canisters used in waste... more Reduced iron species, that are present in and/or generated from the steel canisters used in waste disposal, are expected to help generate and maintain a reducing environment in an underground nuclear waste repository. Radionuclides, in this context, are maintained in less soluble and therefore less mobile forms [1]. The reduction of higher-valent plutonium to less soluble Pu(IV) in simulated WIPP brine was previously established in our laboratory [2,3]. We are in the process to extend this work to a broader range of experimental conditions. Different iron phases and oxidation states (coupons, powder, Fe2+, Fe3+, ferric oxide, iron (II,III) oxide) have been investigated in WIPP brines at various pH values from 7 to 10. The reduction of Pu(VI) was always observed when iron (II) was present in solution. It was found that Pu(IV) was preferentially associated with the iron phases formed. In WIPP brine at high pH, an Fe(II, III) oxide (“green rust”) was formed with bromide ion as the inte...

Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 2021

This work proposes deep learning (DL) based epileptic seizure detection by generating 2D recurren... more This work proposes deep learning (DL) based epileptic seizure detection by generating 2D recurrence plot (RP) images of EEG signals for specific brain rhythms. The DL bypasses hand-crafted feature engineering, but extracts feature automatically from input images has displayed significant performance in various domain classification tasks. However, generating 2D images from 1D EEG signals and its quality assessment for DL pipeline has not been addressed properly, which is very crucial as the performance of the DL highly relies on input quality. Besides, suitable brain rhythm for seizure analysis has not been explored properly. Therefore, in this work, 2D input images have been generated by the RP technique from EEG signals for specific brain rhythms by preserving the nonlinear characteristics of EEG and employed a well-known DL, called convolution neural network (CNN). For, experimental validation, two well recognized EEG databases for seizure analysis from Bonn University and CHB-MIT (PhysioNet) have been considered. Eventually, three major parametersrecurrence threshold, time delay, and embedding dimension for an RP image generation have been evaluated and detailed. The results show that the proposed method can achieve classification accuracy up to 93%, which is significantly higher and the δ rhythm has been found suitable for seizure detection. The entropy of RP has been found as a suitable parameter for image quality assessment along with two global statistical parameters such as skewness of root mean square and standard of RP images. In performance evaluation, the proposed method demonstrates its competency by displaying the best classification accuracy compared to related works.

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2016

Activity concentration of uranium isotopes (238 U, 234 U and 235 U) were analyzed in drinking and... more Activity concentration of uranium isotopes (238 U, 234 U and 235 U) were analyzed in drinking and surface water samples collected in the vicinity of the WIPP site using alpha spectroscopy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in uranium concentrations (if any) in the vicinity of the WIPP site and whether the February 14, 2014 radiation release event at the WIPP had any detectable impact on the water bodies around the WIPP.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2018

Sequential separations of Po, Pu, Am and U were carried out in drinking water samples. • TEVA and... more Sequential separations of Po, Pu, Am and U were carried out in drinking water samples. • TEVA and TRU chromatography columns were used. • Cupper sulfide micro-precipitation method was used for Po source preparation. • The alpha spectrometry was used for determination of these radionuclides.

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2017

A number of potential source terms have contributed plutonium isotopes to the atmosphere. The atm... more A number of potential source terms have contributed plutonium isotopes to the atmosphere. The atmospheric nuclear weapon tests conducted between 1945 and 1980 and the re-entry of the burned SNAP-9A satellite in 1964, respectively. It is generally believed that current levels of plutonium in the stratosphere are negligible and compared with the levels generally found at surface-level air. In this study, the time trend analysis and long-term behavior of plutonium isotopes (239þ240 Pu and 238 Pu) in the atmosphere were assessed using historical data collected by various national and international monitoring networks since 1960s. An analysis of historical data indicates that 239þ240 Pu concentration post-1984 is still frequently detectable, whereas 238 Pu is detected infrequently. Furthermore, the seasonal and time-trend variation of plutonium concentration in surface air followed the stratospheric trends until the early 1980s. After the last Chinese test of 1980, the plutonium concentrations in surface air dropped to the current levels, suggesting that the observed concentrations post-1984 have not been under stratospheric control, but rather reflect the environmental processes such as resuspension. Recent plutonium atmospheric air concentrations data show that besides resuspension, other environmental processes such as global dust storms and biomass burning/wildfire also play an important role in redistributing plutonium in the atmosphere.

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2017

This paper reports an analytical method for rapid sequential separation of 210 Po and actinides (... more This paper reports an analytical method for rapid sequential separation of 210 Po and actinides (Pu, Am and U) in air filter samples. An extraction chromatographic column TEVA ? TRU was used in the separation of 210 Po and actinides from the filter matrix, followed by its determination using alpha spectrometry. TEVA resin is widely used in the separation of plutonium and neptunium from the environmental samples, in this work potential application of TEVA in the sequential separation of 210 Po and plutonium from filter matrix has been evaluated. This new method is simple, robust and can be performed formed in a day.

The use of bedded salt deposits for the permanent disposal of nuclear waste continues to receive ... more The use of bedded salt deposits for the permanent disposal of nuclear waste continues to receive much attention in the United States and internationally. This is largely based on the highly successful Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) transuranic waste repository that was opened in 1999 in Southeastern New Mexico. A bedded salt formation, such as the one in which the

The fate and potential mobility of multivalent actinides in the subsurface is receiving increased... more The fate and potential mobility of multivalent actinides in the subsurface is receiving increased attention as the DOE looks to cleanup the many legacy nuclear waste sites and associated subsurface contamination. Plutonium, uranium and neptunium are the near-surface multivalent contaminants of concern and are also key contaminants for the deep geologic disposal of nuclear waste. Their mobility is highly dependent

The mobility and potential release of actinides into the accessible environment continues to be t... more The mobility and potential release of actinides into the accessible environment continues to be the key performance assessment concern of nuclear repositories. Actinide, in particular plutonium speciation under the wide range of conditions that can exist in the subsurface is complex and depends strongly on the coupled effects of redox conditions, inorganic/organic complexation, and the extent/nature of aggregation. Understanding the

Management Systems in Production Engineering, 2021

Custom designed insoles are a niche product that is not always affordable to all who need them. W... more Custom designed insoles are a niche product that is not always affordable to all who need them. When commercial insoles are fabricated using advanced technologies, the insoles in this study are assembled out of pre-cut modular components to keep the production cost down, hence their price. In this study, algorithms driven by a fuzzy inference were proposed in comparison with a decision tree in order to select the best component combination. One hundred and twelve subjects were recruited to collect foot data extracted from their foot images. Approximately 95% of 182 AI-designed insole pads were found in perfect agreement with the professional podiatrist’s decision with acceptable 5% deviation. Differences in the algorithms’ strength were also discussed. In addition to their superior performance, both algorithms allow the podiatrists to speed up the diagnosis and design phases. This approach, when integrated with applications of mobile devices for remotely retrieving foot data, will e...

2020 IEEE Applied Signal Processing Conference (ASPCON), 2020

This work proposes a new method to classify epileptic seizures based on a well-known deep learnin... more This work proposes a new method to classify epileptic seizures based on a well-known deep learning technique named convolutional neural network (CNN), where the input images are generated by Gramian angular field (GAF) transformation. For this purpose, the EEG signals have been assumed as time series data. Certainly, two different signals such as the EEG signal and its instantaneous power have been used for image generation by two different ways — Gramian angular summation field (GASF) and Gramian angular difference field (GADF). The generated images are directly fed into multilayer CNN having multiple hidden layers. For experimental validation, EEG dataset from Bonn University has been considered. The experimental results exhibit the classification accuracy up to 98%. The efficiency of the proposed method has been evaluated by measuring sensitivity and specificity of 99% and 98.9% respectively. In a comparative study, the proposed idea displays significant improvement in seizure classification. Thus, the proposed idea reveals the usefulness of GAF in deep learning framework for epileptic seizure classification.

WIPP Geochemical Conditions Geochemistry Predominantly pure halite (NaCI) Salado formation salt w... more WIPP Geochemical Conditions Geochemistry Predominantly pure halite (NaCI) Salado formation salt with mostly anhydrite (CaS0 4) interbeds. Temperature Ambient is 28°C , an increase of up to 3°C is possible due to the emplacement of TRU waste. Pressure-15 MPa (147 atm) lithostatic, up to-8 MPa (79.0 atm) hydrostatic in a borehole intrusion scenario. Gas Phase Initially air at repository clos ure, but rapidly transitions to an anoxic atmosphere dominated by H2 and CO 2 with trace-levels of CH 4 , H 2 S and other microbially generated gases at pressures up to lithostatic. Water Content Unsaturated for short period of time with a humidity-70% RH at the repository temperature. Brine inclusions, in the salt range from 0.1 to 0.2 %, by mass , are present in pre-excavated salt. Brine saturation will occur through human intrusion scenarios over a wide range of repository time. Engineered MgO will sequester CO 2 and buffer pH by the precipitation of brucite, hydromagnesite, and magnesite. Barrier Brine High ionic strength brine, bracketed by GWB and ERDA-6 brine formulations; pH-9 buffered by MgO. Microbial Gas generation , primarily CO 2 also CH 4 and H 2 S, due to the biodegradation of cellulosic, plastic and Effects rubber (CPR) materials. Corrosion Container steel because of corrosion will remove 02 and will produce H 2. Radiolysis Localized oxidizing effects possible near high-activity actinides, but overall radiolytic processes will be overwhelmed by the reducing components in the repository.

In this study, treatment of pulp and paper wastewater was investigated. Wastewater from pulp and ... more In this study, treatment of pulp and paper wastewater was investigated. Wastewater from pulp and paper industry was treated by coagulation-flocculation method using alum (Al2(SO4)3) and polyaluminium amide (PAM). The various chemical dosage were tested such as 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 4000 ppm, 5000 ppm, 6000 ppm and the maximum removal efficiency percent of Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were found to be 69%, 28%, 62%, and 80%, respectively. According to the results, the removal of turbidity to a maximum level of 98% at dosage of 5000 ppm. This technology can prove to be eco-friendly processes.

Reduced iron species, that are present in and/or generated from the steel canisters used in waste... more Reduced iron species, that are present in and/or generated from the steel canisters used in waste disposal, are expected to help generate and maintain a reducing environment in an underground nuclear waste repository. Radionuclides, in this context, are maintained in less soluble and therefore less mobile forms [1]. The reduction of higher-valent plutonium to less soluble Pu(IV) in simulated WIPP brine was previously established in our laboratory [2,3]. We are in the process to extend this work to a broader range of experimental conditions. Different iron phases and oxidation states (coupons, powder, Fe2+, Fe3+, ferric oxide, iron (II,III) oxide) have been investigated in WIPP brines at various pH values from 7 to 10. The reduction of Pu(VI) was always observed when iron (II) was present in solution. It was found that Pu(IV) was preferentially associated with the iron phases formed. In WIPP brine at high pH, an Fe(II, III) oxide (“green rust”) was formed with bromide ion as the inte...

 Abstract— Evidence of increasing and continuous diffusion of low cost GPS devices, it is becomi... more  Abstract— Evidence of increasing and continuous diffusion of low cost GPS devices, it is becoming the challenges to analyze the moving objects trajectory data. To analyze the moving object trajectories, there is a need for mechanism that how to effectively cluster on moving objects. Trajectory clustering has long been an important research direction on move mining, but still remains which algorithm is more effective among existing algorithms. In this paper, we propose a clustering algorithm which is based on Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). It cannot cluster data sets well with large differences in densities. We address this problem by proposed clustering algorithm which enhanced the DBSCAN by solving time consuming. Finally we evaluate an efficient trajectory clustering algorithm with real trajectory dataset by comparing with DBSCAN. Evaluation results show that proposed clustering algorithm can provide better performance and minimal error tha...

Reduced iron species, that are present in and/or generated from the steel canisters used in waste... more Reduced iron species, that are present in and/or generated from the steel canisters used in waste disposal, are expected to help generate and maintain a reducing environment in an underground nuclear waste repository. Radionuclides, in this context, are maintained in less soluble and therefore less mobile forms [1]. The reduction of higher-valent plutonium to less soluble Pu(IV) in simulated WIPP brine was previously established in our laboratory [2,3]. We are in the process to extend this work to a broader range of experimental conditions. Different iron phases and oxidation states (coupons, powder, Fe2+, Fe3+, ferric oxide, iron (II,III) oxide) have been investigated in WIPP brines at various pH values from 7 to 10. The reduction of Pu(VI) was always observed when iron (II) was present in solution. It was found that Pu(IV) was preferentially associated with the iron phases formed. In WIPP brine at high pH, an Fe(II, III) oxide (“green rust”) was formed with bromide ion as the inte...

Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 2021

This work proposes deep learning (DL) based epileptic seizure detection by generating 2D recurren... more This work proposes deep learning (DL) based epileptic seizure detection by generating 2D recurrence plot (RP) images of EEG signals for specific brain rhythms. The DL bypasses hand-crafted feature engineering, but extracts feature automatically from input images has displayed significant performance in various domain classification tasks. However, generating 2D images from 1D EEG signals and its quality assessment for DL pipeline has not been addressed properly, which is very crucial as the performance of the DL highly relies on input quality. Besides, suitable brain rhythm for seizure analysis has not been explored properly. Therefore, in this work, 2D input images have been generated by the RP technique from EEG signals for specific brain rhythms by preserving the nonlinear characteristics of EEG and employed a well-known DL, called convolution neural network (CNN). For, experimental validation, two well recognized EEG databases for seizure analysis from Bonn University and CHB-MIT (PhysioNet) have been considered. Eventually, three major parametersrecurrence threshold, time delay, and embedding dimension for an RP image generation have been evaluated and detailed. The results show that the proposed method can achieve classification accuracy up to 93%, which is significantly higher and the δ rhythm has been found suitable for seizure detection. The entropy of RP has been found as a suitable parameter for image quality assessment along with two global statistical parameters such as skewness of root mean square and standard of RP images. In performance evaluation, the proposed method demonstrates its competency by displaying the best classification accuracy compared to related works.

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2016

Activity concentration of uranium isotopes (238 U, 234 U and 235 U) were analyzed in drinking and... more Activity concentration of uranium isotopes (238 U, 234 U and 235 U) were analyzed in drinking and surface water samples collected in the vicinity of the WIPP site using alpha spectroscopy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in uranium concentrations (if any) in the vicinity of the WIPP site and whether the February 14, 2014 radiation release event at the WIPP had any detectable impact on the water bodies around the WIPP.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2018

Sequential separations of Po, Pu, Am and U were carried out in drinking water samples. • TEVA and... more Sequential separations of Po, Pu, Am and U were carried out in drinking water samples. • TEVA and TRU chromatography columns were used. • Cupper sulfide micro-precipitation method was used for Po source preparation. • The alpha spectrometry was used for determination of these radionuclides.

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2017

A number of potential source terms have contributed plutonium isotopes to the atmosphere. The atm... more A number of potential source terms have contributed plutonium isotopes to the atmosphere. The atmospheric nuclear weapon tests conducted between 1945 and 1980 and the re-entry of the burned SNAP-9A satellite in 1964, respectively. It is generally believed that current levels of plutonium in the stratosphere are negligible and compared with the levels generally found at surface-level air. In this study, the time trend analysis and long-term behavior of plutonium isotopes (239þ240 Pu and 238 Pu) in the atmosphere were assessed using historical data collected by various national and international monitoring networks since 1960s. An analysis of historical data indicates that 239þ240 Pu concentration post-1984 is still frequently detectable, whereas 238 Pu is detected infrequently. Furthermore, the seasonal and time-trend variation of plutonium concentration in surface air followed the stratospheric trends until the early 1980s. After the last Chinese test of 1980, the plutonium concentrations in surface air dropped to the current levels, suggesting that the observed concentrations post-1984 have not been under stratospheric control, but rather reflect the environmental processes such as resuspension. Recent plutonium atmospheric air concentrations data show that besides resuspension, other environmental processes such as global dust storms and biomass burning/wildfire also play an important role in redistributing plutonium in the atmosphere.

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2017

This paper reports an analytical method for rapid sequential separation of 210 Po and actinides (... more This paper reports an analytical method for rapid sequential separation of 210 Po and actinides (Pu, Am and U) in air filter samples. An extraction chromatographic column TEVA ? TRU was used in the separation of 210 Po and actinides from the filter matrix, followed by its determination using alpha spectrometry. TEVA resin is widely used in the separation of plutonium and neptunium from the environmental samples, in this work potential application of TEVA in the sequential separation of 210 Po and plutonium from filter matrix has been evaluated. This new method is simple, robust and can be performed formed in a day.

The use of bedded salt deposits for the permanent disposal of nuclear waste continues to receive ... more The use of bedded salt deposits for the permanent disposal of nuclear waste continues to receive much attention in the United States and internationally. This is largely based on the highly successful Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) transuranic waste repository that was opened in 1999 in Southeastern New Mexico. A bedded salt formation, such as the one in which the

The fate and potential mobility of multivalent actinides in the subsurface is receiving increased... more The fate and potential mobility of multivalent actinides in the subsurface is receiving increased attention as the DOE looks to cleanup the many legacy nuclear waste sites and associated subsurface contamination. Plutonium, uranium and neptunium are the near-surface multivalent contaminants of concern and are also key contaminants for the deep geologic disposal of nuclear waste. Their mobility is highly dependent

The mobility and potential release of actinides into the accessible environment continues to be t... more The mobility and potential release of actinides into the accessible environment continues to be the key performance assessment concern of nuclear repositories. Actinide, in particular plutonium speciation under the wide range of conditions that can exist in the subsurface is complex and depends strongly on the coupled effects of redox conditions, inorganic/organic complexation, and the extent/nature of aggregation. Understanding the