Hojae Shim - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hojae Shim
Environmental Technology, May 4, 2022
The effects (stimulatory/inhibitory) of two representative microelements, zinc and copper, on the... more The effects (stimulatory/inhibitory) of two representative microelements, zinc and copper, on the aerobic co-metabolic removal of trichloroethylene (10 mg/L) by the indigenous isolate Pseudomonas plecoglossicida were investigated. The strain was previously isolated from a petroleum contaminated site using toluene (150 mg/L) as growth substrate. Different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 mg/L) of microelements provided with SO42- and Cl- as the anions were tested. The results showed the supplement of Zn2+ and Cu2+ at the low concentration (1 mg/L) significantly enhanced cell growth. The removal efficiencies for toluene and trichloroethylene were also enhanced at the low concentration (1 mg/L) of Zn2+ and Cu2+, compared to the higher concentrations (10 and 100 mg/L). Compared to the control without zinc supplement, higher concentrations of zinc (10 and 100 mg/L) enhanced the removal efficiencies for both toluene and trichloroethylene in the first 3 days but showed some inhibitory effect afterward. However, the higher concentrations of Cu2+ (10 and 100 mg/L) always showed inhibitory to the toluene removal while showing inhibitory to the TCE removal after 3 days. For both Zn2+ and Cu2+, the anions SO42- and Cl- did not show significant difference in their effects on the toluene removal. A possible mechanism for Zn2+ and Cu2+ to enhance the removal of toluene and trichloroethylene would be their involvement in toluene oxygenase-based transformation processes. In addition, high concentrations of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions could be removed from the liquid by the cells accordingly. The results imply a great potential of supplementing low concentrations of zinc and copper to enhance bioremediation of the sites co-contaminated with toluene and trichloroethylene.
Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, 2020
Exploration of eco‐friendly energy resources substituting conventional fossil fuels is the real c... more Exploration of eco‐friendly energy resources substituting conventional fossil fuels is the real challenge globally. Prospectively, current investigation accentuates the fermentative conversion of low‐cost lignocellulosic biomass waste, sugarcane bagasse (SCB) into bioethanol and biohydrogen exploiting thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum DSMZ 1313. Initially, the optimization of some key fermentation factors for bioethanol and biohydrogen productions was done in 150 ml serum bottles employing Taguchi orthogonal array L27 (3̂13) experimental design. Results elucidated that the most suitable factors for ethanologenesis were 70 g/L cellulose, 10 g/L corn‐steep liquor (CSL), 15 mg/L ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·6H2O), 1 g/L magnesium chloride (MgCl2·6H2O), pH 7, and 5 days incubation whereas for hydrogen fermentation were 60 g/L cellulose, 30 g/L CSL, 5 mg/L FeSO4·6H2O, 2 g/L MgCl2·6H2O, pH 7, and 3 days incubation. Quantitatively, 7.422 g/L ethanol and 56.891/50 ml hy...
Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2003
Alliance for Global Sustainability Bookseries, 2010
ABSTRACT
Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue / [bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui "Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.], 2010
Three bacterial strains J1, J2, J3 which could use pyrene as the sole carbon and energy sources w... more Three bacterial strains J1, J2, J3 which could use pyrene as the sole carbon and energy sources were isolated from soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by enrichment culture. The strains were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Flavobacterium mizutaii, Brevibacillus parabrevis according to the results of morphology, physiology and the phylogenetical analyses of 16S rDNA sequence. It was observed that the three strains could use pyrene at the concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 500, 1 000 mg/L and after 7 days culture the concentrations of microorganisms in the liquid medium were the highest. Under the treatment of 200 mg/L pyrene the degradation rate of pyrene by strain J1, J2, J3 was 53.04%, 65.03%, 51.02%. The three strains could grow and use pyrene at the culture medium pH 4 to pH 9 and the pH 7 was the best for the microbe growth and the degradation. Compare with the dichloromethane, N, N-dimethylformamide which could increase the solution of pyrene and ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Triclosan (TCS), one of the most widely used antimicrobial agents, is frequently detected at wast... more Triclosan (TCS), one of the most widely used antimicrobial agents, is frequently detected at wastewater treatment plants and environmental matrices including soil, water, sediment, and biota samples. In this study, a TCS-degrading bacterium was isolated from local activated sludge and identified as Burkholderia sp. L303. Strain L303 could degrade TCS (0.5-8 mg/L) as sole carbon source. The optimal condition was 35°C and pH 7. The in-vitro assay with the glucose-enriched cells showed the ability of TCS degradation in real water samples, indicating the functional enzyme expressed in the absence of TCS. The bioaugmentation of strain L303 in non-sterile wastewater showed better degradation rate than that in the control groups. The community profiles showed the potential cooperative interactions between strain L303 and indigenous bacteria, thereby enhancing the TCS degradation in the real polluted water. The finding of this study could facilitate in developing appropriate bioaugmentation...
Bioresource Technology, 2020
Sludge pre-treatments change performance and microbiome in methanogenic sludge digesters by relea... more Sludge pre-treatments change performance and microbiome in methanogenic sludge digesters by releasing different sludge organic matter, Bioresource Technology (2020), doi:
Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2018
This work evaluated the stimulatory effect of zinc (provided as ZnSO 4 and ZnCl 2 ; 50, 70 and 10... more This work evaluated the stimulatory effect of zinc (provided as ZnSO 4 and ZnCl 2 ; 50, 70 and 100 mg/L Zn 2+) supplementation on biogas (methane) production, while co-digesting a mixture of food waste and domestic wastewater (0.183, v/v) in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor operated under mesophilic condition at pH 7.6 and 10 days of hydraulic retention time. The intermittent feeding mode (48 h feed and 48 h feedless) was applied to avoid the reactor failure due to the accumulation of short and long chain fatty acids (SCFAs and LCFAs). With the increasing zinc supplementation from 50 to 100 mg/L Zn 2+ , chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency and methane yield increased by 10 and 30-65%, respectively, compared to the control without zinc supplementation. This improvement was considered mainly attributed to the higher conversion of organic matter into methane since this microelement is essential to many enzymes involved in the anaerobic reactions. Regardless of the Zn 2+ concentration, the total SCFAs accumulation was decreased, and together with the decrease of acetate concentration with the increase of zinc supplementation, SCFAs other than acetate might have been converted directly to biogas (methane) through pathways different from ordinary hydrogenotrophic and acetotrophic methanogenesis. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the effluent total LCFAs concentration, regardless of the influent supplemented with different zinc concentrations. The disappearance of the unsaturated ones (oleate and linoleate) after the microelement supplementation could be related to the contribution of biological and physical (precipitation) removal.
Bioresource Technology, 2019
Butanol production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates without detoxification by Clostridiu... more Butanol production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates without detoxification by Clostridium tyrobutyricum Δ ack-adhE2 in a fibrousbed bioreactor, Bioresource Technology (2019), doi:
Science of The Total Environment, 2019
• 10 mg/L Cu 2+ enhanced the cumulative methane yield compared to the control. • Higher concentra... more • 10 mg/L Cu 2+ enhanced the cumulative methane yield compared to the control. • Higher concentrations (30-50 mg/L) of Cu 2+ inhibitory to the anaerobic codigestion • SCFA and LCFA concentrations decreased substantially after the Cu 2+ supplementation. • A clear shift of microbial community diversity after microelement supplementation • Significant COD, TN, and NH 3-N removal
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018
This study evaluated the reutilization of waste materials (scrap tires, sewage sludge, and wood c... more This study evaluated the reutilization of waste materials (scrap tires, sewage sludge, and wood chips) to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) benzene/toluene/ethylbenzene/xylenes/trichloroethylene/cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (BTEX/TCE/cis-DCE), plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and pharmaceutically active compound carbamazepine from artificially contaminated water. Different hybrid removal processes were developed: (1) 300 mg/L BTEX + 20 mg/L TCE + 10 mg/L cis-DCE + tires + Pseudomonas sp.; (2) 250 mg/L toluene + sewage sludge biochar + Pseudomonas sp.; (3) 100 mg/L DEHP + tires + Acinetobacter sp.; and (4) 20 mg/L carbamazepine + wood chips + Phanerochaete chrysosporium. For the hybrid process (1), the removal of xylenes, TCE, and cis-DCE was enhanced, resulted from the contribution of both physical adsorption and biological immobilization removal. The hybrid process (2) was also superior for the removal of DEHP and required a shorter time (2 days) for the bioremoval. For the process (3), the biochar promoted the microbial immobilization on its surface and substantially enhanced/speed up the bioremoval of toluene. The fungal immobilization on wood chips in the hybrid process (4) also improved the carbamazepine removal considerably (removal efficiencies of 61.3 ± 0.6%) compared to the suspended system without wood chips (removal efficiencies of 34.4 ± 1.8%). These hybrid processes would not only be promising for the bioremediation of environmentally concerned contaminants but also reutilize waste materials as sorbents without any further treatment.
Energy Procedia, 2018
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective s... more District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations.
Energy Procedia, 2018
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective s... more District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations.
Energy Procedia, 2018
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective s... more District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations.
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2016
A rotating suspension cartridge reactor immobilized with white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysospo... more A rotating suspension cartridge reactor immobilized with white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was employed to treat synthetic wastewater containing 1000 mg l À1 of the recalcitrant pharmaceutically active compound carbamazepine. The reactor was continuously operated for 160 days under non-sterile conditions. After one month of fungal adaptation, the removal efficiency for carbamazepine exceeded 90% through such strategies as the immobilization of P. chrysosporium on the polyurethane foam cubes (1.0 Â 1.0 Â 1.0 cm 3), the pattern of liquid/air flow inside the cartridge created through the application of intermittent operational mode, and the gradual cut of external carbon source loading in the influent. Both nutrients and oxygen were effectively transferred to fungi, which contributed to the excellent bioreactor treatment performance for the long-term continuous operation. The bacterial contamination occurring in the bioreactor was effectively suppressed, providing a feasible alternative to treat recalcitrant compounds under non-sterile conditions.
Environmental Technology, May 4, 2022
The effects (stimulatory/inhibitory) of two representative microelements, zinc and copper, on the... more The effects (stimulatory/inhibitory) of two representative microelements, zinc and copper, on the aerobic co-metabolic removal of trichloroethylene (10 mg/L) by the indigenous isolate Pseudomonas plecoglossicida were investigated. The strain was previously isolated from a petroleum contaminated site using toluene (150 mg/L) as growth substrate. Different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 mg/L) of microelements provided with SO42- and Cl- as the anions were tested. The results showed the supplement of Zn2+ and Cu2+ at the low concentration (1 mg/L) significantly enhanced cell growth. The removal efficiencies for toluene and trichloroethylene were also enhanced at the low concentration (1 mg/L) of Zn2+ and Cu2+, compared to the higher concentrations (10 and 100 mg/L). Compared to the control without zinc supplement, higher concentrations of zinc (10 and 100 mg/L) enhanced the removal efficiencies for both toluene and trichloroethylene in the first 3 days but showed some inhibitory effect afterward. However, the higher concentrations of Cu2+ (10 and 100 mg/L) always showed inhibitory to the toluene removal while showing inhibitory to the TCE removal after 3 days. For both Zn2+ and Cu2+, the anions SO42- and Cl- did not show significant difference in their effects on the toluene removal. A possible mechanism for Zn2+ and Cu2+ to enhance the removal of toluene and trichloroethylene would be their involvement in toluene oxygenase-based transformation processes. In addition, high concentrations of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions could be removed from the liquid by the cells accordingly. The results imply a great potential of supplementing low concentrations of zinc and copper to enhance bioremediation of the sites co-contaminated with toluene and trichloroethylene.
Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, 2020
Exploration of eco‐friendly energy resources substituting conventional fossil fuels is the real c... more Exploration of eco‐friendly energy resources substituting conventional fossil fuels is the real challenge globally. Prospectively, current investigation accentuates the fermentative conversion of low‐cost lignocellulosic biomass waste, sugarcane bagasse (SCB) into bioethanol and biohydrogen exploiting thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum DSMZ 1313. Initially, the optimization of some key fermentation factors for bioethanol and biohydrogen productions was done in 150 ml serum bottles employing Taguchi orthogonal array L27 (3̂13) experimental design. Results elucidated that the most suitable factors for ethanologenesis were 70 g/L cellulose, 10 g/L corn‐steep liquor (CSL), 15 mg/L ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·6H2O), 1 g/L magnesium chloride (MgCl2·6H2O), pH 7, and 5 days incubation whereas for hydrogen fermentation were 60 g/L cellulose, 30 g/L CSL, 5 mg/L FeSO4·6H2O, 2 g/L MgCl2·6H2O, pH 7, and 3 days incubation. Quantitatively, 7.422 g/L ethanol and 56.891/50 ml hy...
Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2003
Alliance for Global Sustainability Bookseries, 2010
ABSTRACT
Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue / [bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui "Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.], 2010
Three bacterial strains J1, J2, J3 which could use pyrene as the sole carbon and energy sources w... more Three bacterial strains J1, J2, J3 which could use pyrene as the sole carbon and energy sources were isolated from soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by enrichment culture. The strains were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Flavobacterium mizutaii, Brevibacillus parabrevis according to the results of morphology, physiology and the phylogenetical analyses of 16S rDNA sequence. It was observed that the three strains could use pyrene at the concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 500, 1 000 mg/L and after 7 days culture the concentrations of microorganisms in the liquid medium were the highest. Under the treatment of 200 mg/L pyrene the degradation rate of pyrene by strain J1, J2, J3 was 53.04%, 65.03%, 51.02%. The three strains could grow and use pyrene at the culture medium pH 4 to pH 9 and the pH 7 was the best for the microbe growth and the degradation. Compare with the dichloromethane, N, N-dimethylformamide which could increase the solution of pyrene and ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Triclosan (TCS), one of the most widely used antimicrobial agents, is frequently detected at wast... more Triclosan (TCS), one of the most widely used antimicrobial agents, is frequently detected at wastewater treatment plants and environmental matrices including soil, water, sediment, and biota samples. In this study, a TCS-degrading bacterium was isolated from local activated sludge and identified as Burkholderia sp. L303. Strain L303 could degrade TCS (0.5-8 mg/L) as sole carbon source. The optimal condition was 35°C and pH 7. The in-vitro assay with the glucose-enriched cells showed the ability of TCS degradation in real water samples, indicating the functional enzyme expressed in the absence of TCS. The bioaugmentation of strain L303 in non-sterile wastewater showed better degradation rate than that in the control groups. The community profiles showed the potential cooperative interactions between strain L303 and indigenous bacteria, thereby enhancing the TCS degradation in the real polluted water. The finding of this study could facilitate in developing appropriate bioaugmentation...
Bioresource Technology, 2020
Sludge pre-treatments change performance and microbiome in methanogenic sludge digesters by relea... more Sludge pre-treatments change performance and microbiome in methanogenic sludge digesters by releasing different sludge organic matter, Bioresource Technology (2020), doi:
Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2018
This work evaluated the stimulatory effect of zinc (provided as ZnSO 4 and ZnCl 2 ; 50, 70 and 10... more This work evaluated the stimulatory effect of zinc (provided as ZnSO 4 and ZnCl 2 ; 50, 70 and 100 mg/L Zn 2+) supplementation on biogas (methane) production, while co-digesting a mixture of food waste and domestic wastewater (0.183, v/v) in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor operated under mesophilic condition at pH 7.6 and 10 days of hydraulic retention time. The intermittent feeding mode (48 h feed and 48 h feedless) was applied to avoid the reactor failure due to the accumulation of short and long chain fatty acids (SCFAs and LCFAs). With the increasing zinc supplementation from 50 to 100 mg/L Zn 2+ , chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency and methane yield increased by 10 and 30-65%, respectively, compared to the control without zinc supplementation. This improvement was considered mainly attributed to the higher conversion of organic matter into methane since this microelement is essential to many enzymes involved in the anaerobic reactions. Regardless of the Zn 2+ concentration, the total SCFAs accumulation was decreased, and together with the decrease of acetate concentration with the increase of zinc supplementation, SCFAs other than acetate might have been converted directly to biogas (methane) through pathways different from ordinary hydrogenotrophic and acetotrophic methanogenesis. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the effluent total LCFAs concentration, regardless of the influent supplemented with different zinc concentrations. The disappearance of the unsaturated ones (oleate and linoleate) after the microelement supplementation could be related to the contribution of biological and physical (precipitation) removal.
Bioresource Technology, 2019
Butanol production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates without detoxification by Clostridiu... more Butanol production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates without detoxification by Clostridium tyrobutyricum Δ ack-adhE2 in a fibrousbed bioreactor, Bioresource Technology (2019), doi:
Science of The Total Environment, 2019
• 10 mg/L Cu 2+ enhanced the cumulative methane yield compared to the control. • Higher concentra... more • 10 mg/L Cu 2+ enhanced the cumulative methane yield compared to the control. • Higher concentrations (30-50 mg/L) of Cu 2+ inhibitory to the anaerobic codigestion • SCFA and LCFA concentrations decreased substantially after the Cu 2+ supplementation. • A clear shift of microbial community diversity after microelement supplementation • Significant COD, TN, and NH 3-N removal
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018
This study evaluated the reutilization of waste materials (scrap tires, sewage sludge, and wood c... more This study evaluated the reutilization of waste materials (scrap tires, sewage sludge, and wood chips) to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) benzene/toluene/ethylbenzene/xylenes/trichloroethylene/cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (BTEX/TCE/cis-DCE), plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and pharmaceutically active compound carbamazepine from artificially contaminated water. Different hybrid removal processes were developed: (1) 300 mg/L BTEX + 20 mg/L TCE + 10 mg/L cis-DCE + tires + Pseudomonas sp.; (2) 250 mg/L toluene + sewage sludge biochar + Pseudomonas sp.; (3) 100 mg/L DEHP + tires + Acinetobacter sp.; and (4) 20 mg/L carbamazepine + wood chips + Phanerochaete chrysosporium. For the hybrid process (1), the removal of xylenes, TCE, and cis-DCE was enhanced, resulted from the contribution of both physical adsorption and biological immobilization removal. The hybrid process (2) was also superior for the removal of DEHP and required a shorter time (2 days) for the bioremoval. For the process (3), the biochar promoted the microbial immobilization on its surface and substantially enhanced/speed up the bioremoval of toluene. The fungal immobilization on wood chips in the hybrid process (4) also improved the carbamazepine removal considerably (removal efficiencies of 61.3 ± 0.6%) compared to the suspended system without wood chips (removal efficiencies of 34.4 ± 1.8%). These hybrid processes would not only be promising for the bioremediation of environmentally concerned contaminants but also reutilize waste materials as sorbents without any further treatment.
Energy Procedia, 2018
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective s... more District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations.
Energy Procedia, 2018
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective s... more District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations.
Energy Procedia, 2018
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective s... more District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations.
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2016
A rotating suspension cartridge reactor immobilized with white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysospo... more A rotating suspension cartridge reactor immobilized with white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was employed to treat synthetic wastewater containing 1000 mg l À1 of the recalcitrant pharmaceutically active compound carbamazepine. The reactor was continuously operated for 160 days under non-sterile conditions. After one month of fungal adaptation, the removal efficiency for carbamazepine exceeded 90% through such strategies as the immobilization of P. chrysosporium on the polyurethane foam cubes (1.0 Â 1.0 Â 1.0 cm 3), the pattern of liquid/air flow inside the cartridge created through the application of intermittent operational mode, and the gradual cut of external carbon source loading in the influent. Both nutrients and oxygen were effectively transferred to fungi, which contributed to the excellent bioreactor treatment performance for the long-term continuous operation. The bacterial contamination occurring in the bioreactor was effectively suppressed, providing a feasible alternative to treat recalcitrant compounds under non-sterile conditions.