Horacio Perez-blanco - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Horacio Perez-blanco
Volume 6: Turbo Expo 2005, Parts A and B, 2005
ABSTRACT
Volume 5: Turbo Expo 2004, Parts A and B, 2004
ABSTRACT
Gas turbine blades, especially those with high camber, exhibit flow separation in the suction sid... more Gas turbine blades, especially those with high camber, exhibit flow separation in the suction side at part- load conditions. These conditions may arise due to reduced power demand in stationary applications, or due to flight at high altitudes. In the latter case, the reduced density compounds the lower operating velocities required to enhance range, and small trough-flows result in separation.
The vapor-compression heat pump is now recognized as a means of reclaiming and recycling waste en... more The vapor-compression heat pump is now recognized as a means of reclaiming and recycling waste energy from industrial processes. Chemical heat pumps (CHPs) offer good promise for extending the achievable range of temperature lift for heat recovery at a cost below that of prime fuel. This document describes the physical principles of CHPs and their operating characteristics and presents a
An improvement in an absorption heat pump cycle is obtained by adding adiabatic absorption and de... more An improvement in an absorption heat pump cycle is obtained by adding adiabatic absorption and desorption steps to the absorber and desorber of the system. The adiabatic processes make it possible to obtain the highest temperature in the absorber before any heat is removed from it and the lowest temperature in the desorber before heat is added to it, allowing
... NET ENERGY ANALYSIS OF METHANOL AND ETHANOL PRODUCTION+ HORACIO PEREZBLANCO Oak Ridge Nationa... more ... NET ENERGY ANALYSIS OF METHANOL AND ETHANOL PRODUCTION+ HORACIO PEREZBLANCO Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA ... 6. DM Jenkins, TA McClure and TS Reddy, "Net Energy Analysis of Alcohol Fuels", American Petroleum Institute ...
Absorption heat pumps are a viable technology for waste heat recovery in industry. Yet, no US app... more Absorption heat pumps are a viable technology for waste heat recovery in industry. Yet, no US applications exist to date. In sharp contrast, large scale heat pumps are used in Japan, and a few recent installations have been reported in Europe. This paper presents a description of the existing technologies and applications. A comparative economic analysis of an actual application
This report contains a description of the computer program LIMENU for calculating the thermodynam... more This report contains a description of the computer program LIMENU for calculating the thermodynamic and transport properties of aqueous solutions of lithium bromide. A user's guide is included, together with a description of how the program produces displays and plots on the screen. The routines that calculate the properties are also described briefly. It is hoped that a program of
Page 1. ORNL/CON-318 EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES FOR THE ADVANCED LITHIUM BROMI... more Page 1. ORNL/CON-318 EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES FOR THE ADVANCED LITHIUM BROMIDE CHILLER RH Reiner W. Del Cui H. Perez-Bianco MR Ally A. Zaltash April 1991 Thermally Activated ...
An energy and employment input-output model was used to select and investigate several industrial... more An energy and employment input-output model was used to select and investigate several industrial sectors of the economy in order to determine the potential for energy conservation in these areas and the resulting impacts on total U.S. energy consumption. Where possible, employment impacts were also computed. In iron and steel production, energy and labor costs of taconite and natural ore
The installation and operational experience with the SR-30 minilab is described. The minilab is p... more The installation and operational experience with the SR-30 minilab is described. The minilab is part of an Energy Systems Lab, where students can operate a number of small thermal/vibration demonstrators systems. The SR-30 is an excellent point-demonstrator of the unique capabilities of turbomachines. The turbine installation required some non-permanent building modifications, which are briefly described. The operation has been smooth,
A heat and mass transfer test stand was fabricated and used to investigate nonisothermal falling ... more A heat and mass transfer test stand was fabricated and used to investigate nonisothermal falling film absorption of water vapor into a solution of aqueous lithium bromide. The absorber was made of borosilicate glass for visual inspection of the failing film. Experiments were conducted on internally cooled tubes of about 0.019 m outside diameter and of 1.53 m length. Testing evaluated a single absorber tube`s performance at varying operating conditions, namely different cooling-water flow rates, solution flow rates, pressures, temperatures, and concentrations. Advanced surfaces were identified that enhanced absorber load and the mass of absorbed vapor. A pin-fin tube with 6.4mm pitch absorbed about 225% more mass than did a smooth tube. A grooved tube was the d best performer with 175% enhancement over the smooth tube. Increasing the cooling water flow rate to 1.893 à 10â»â´ m³/s caused about a 300% increase in the mass absorbed for the grooved tube compared with the smooth tube. ...
As in-situ, real-time refractometer has been developed for the measurement of absorbent concentra... more As in-situ, real-time refractometer has been developed for the measurement of absorbent concentration in absorption machines. the refractive index of the absorber fluid is determined by measuring light loss from optical fiber cables which are immersed in the solution. The optical fibers have been modified by removing a portion of the cladding from the center of hard clad fiber optics to expose a segment of the core. The exposed portions of the fiber cores are placed at points within an absorption machine for which the measurement of absorbent concentration is desired. The entrance face of all modified fibers is illuminated with a light source. The amount of light lost from the core of each fiber to the absorber solution surrounding the fibers is measured and is directly related to the refractive index of the solution. Because the refractive index of a solution is a function of temperature, a thermocouple junction is placed adjacent to each of the exposed fibers to measure and compen...
This book contains papers presented at the International Absorption Heat Pump Conference held at ... more This book contains papers presented at the International Absorption Heat Pump Conference held at New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1994. The topics of the papers include GAX cycles, absorption additives, ammonia/water cycles, double effect cycles, heat/mass transfer enhancement, absorber design, triple effect cycles, special topics, alternative working fluids, cycle modeling, second law analysis, solid-vapor cycles, compression-absorption cycles, hybrid cycles, and lithium bromide aqueous solution properties.
The importance of developing improved teaching tools for design of thermal systems has been recog... more The importance of developing improved teaching tools for design of thermal systems has been recognized at Penn State University, USA. This paper describes an undergraduate energy systems laboratory to be implemented at the Mechanical Engineering Department, under primary sponsorship from Texaco, NSF and internal matching funds. This lab will be implemented by judicious selection of test stands allowing the students to experiment with actual machines. Three test stands have been procured in order to allow the students to exercise and reinforce the theoretical knowledge acquired in the thermal courses, and to appreciate the comprehensive nature of design activities. The authors plan to have an internal combustion engine, a steam Rankine cycle and a refrigeration system. Other issues illustrating the integrating nature of the design activity, such as considerations of vibration, noise, fatigue, material selection and environmental compliance will also be addressed as the laboratory dev...
An understanding of the absorption process and of the techniques that can be employed for its enh... more An understanding of the absorption process and of the techniques that can be employed for its enhancement is an important step in the development of the technology. This paper reports on ongoing experimental efforts toward developing that understanding, as well as on related research already completed in the area. The experimental apparatus under construction is described, with the techniques to be employed. Absorber performance data analysis requires accurate property values in the form of computer routines. The routines developed to date are described here. A brief status report of the development of a fiber optics instrument, which will monitor concentration at different absorber locations, is also included. 19 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.
Large quantities of low temperature heat are rejected in the form of cooling water, condensate, a... more Large quantities of low temperature heat are rejected in the form of cooling water, condensate, and process water in the industrial sector. Whereas the energy rejected in this form at temperatures between 40 and 80°C amounts to 2.95 x 10¹ⵠkJ/yr, 2.42 x 10¹ⵠkJ/yr for process energy are used in the form of hot water and steam in the United States. Federal nuclear facilities are among the few larger residual heat sources in which a considerable amount of process cooling water is discharged. At the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant along, 1968 MW of thermal energy is contained in a 1.83 x 10ⴠkg/s (2.9 x 10ⵠgpm) cooling water stream at a temperature of 63°C. This residual heat source has been the subject of many heat utilization studies. Although the low temperature residual heat sources represent a sizable thermal resource, their temperature precludes the use of most thermal energy recovery and utilization technologies. Advanced energy recovery technology is needed to ut...
Large quantities of low temperature heat in the industrial sector are rejected in the cooling wat... more Large quantities of low temperature heat in the industrial sector are rejected in the cooling water, condensate, and process water streams. While the energy rejected in these streams at temperatures between 40 and 80°C amounts to 2.95 x 10⹠GJ/y, 2.42 x 10⹠GJ/y of process energy in the form of hot water and steam are needed in the United States. Industrial heat pumps, that recover the low temperature heat energy and upgrade it to a more usable temperature level, may improve the energy supply and demand situation. Two heat activated heat pump concepts - an absorption cycle system and an open cycle system are analyzed from the conceptual systems design and energy savings point of view. The results of the analysis and further research needs are presented.
Journal of Heat Transfer, 1984
Evaporative coolers are three-fluid heat exchangers used to reject heat to the environment. A mix... more Evaporative coolers are three-fluid heat exchangers used to reject heat to the environment. A mixture of air and recirculating water is used as the cooling medium. In this paper, the heat and mass transfer processes taking place in a vertical-tube evaporative cooler are studied. A steady-state, one-dimensional model of cooler performance is formulated and is validated by experimental measurements, taken
Volume 6: Turbo Expo 2005, Parts A and B, 2005
ABSTRACT
Volume 5: Turbo Expo 2004, Parts A and B, 2004
ABSTRACT
Gas turbine blades, especially those with high camber, exhibit flow separation in the suction sid... more Gas turbine blades, especially those with high camber, exhibit flow separation in the suction side at part- load conditions. These conditions may arise due to reduced power demand in stationary applications, or due to flight at high altitudes. In the latter case, the reduced density compounds the lower operating velocities required to enhance range, and small trough-flows result in separation.
The vapor-compression heat pump is now recognized as a means of reclaiming and recycling waste en... more The vapor-compression heat pump is now recognized as a means of reclaiming and recycling waste energy from industrial processes. Chemical heat pumps (CHPs) offer good promise for extending the achievable range of temperature lift for heat recovery at a cost below that of prime fuel. This document describes the physical principles of CHPs and their operating characteristics and presents a
An improvement in an absorption heat pump cycle is obtained by adding adiabatic absorption and de... more An improvement in an absorption heat pump cycle is obtained by adding adiabatic absorption and desorption steps to the absorber and desorber of the system. The adiabatic processes make it possible to obtain the highest temperature in the absorber before any heat is removed from it and the lowest temperature in the desorber before heat is added to it, allowing
... NET ENERGY ANALYSIS OF METHANOL AND ETHANOL PRODUCTION+ HORACIO PEREZBLANCO Oak Ridge Nationa... more ... NET ENERGY ANALYSIS OF METHANOL AND ETHANOL PRODUCTION+ HORACIO PEREZBLANCO Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA ... 6. DM Jenkins, TA McClure and TS Reddy, "Net Energy Analysis of Alcohol Fuels", American Petroleum Institute ...
Absorption heat pumps are a viable technology for waste heat recovery in industry. Yet, no US app... more Absorption heat pumps are a viable technology for waste heat recovery in industry. Yet, no US applications exist to date. In sharp contrast, large scale heat pumps are used in Japan, and a few recent installations have been reported in Europe. This paper presents a description of the existing technologies and applications. A comparative economic analysis of an actual application
This report contains a description of the computer program LIMENU for calculating the thermodynam... more This report contains a description of the computer program LIMENU for calculating the thermodynamic and transport properties of aqueous solutions of lithium bromide. A user's guide is included, together with a description of how the program produces displays and plots on the screen. The routines that calculate the properties are also described briefly. It is hoped that a program of
Page 1. ORNL/CON-318 EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES FOR THE ADVANCED LITHIUM BROMI... more Page 1. ORNL/CON-318 EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES FOR THE ADVANCED LITHIUM BROMIDE CHILLER RH Reiner W. Del Cui H. Perez-Bianco MR Ally A. Zaltash April 1991 Thermally Activated ...
An energy and employment input-output model was used to select and investigate several industrial... more An energy and employment input-output model was used to select and investigate several industrial sectors of the economy in order to determine the potential for energy conservation in these areas and the resulting impacts on total U.S. energy consumption. Where possible, employment impacts were also computed. In iron and steel production, energy and labor costs of taconite and natural ore
The installation and operational experience with the SR-30 minilab is described. The minilab is p... more The installation and operational experience with the SR-30 minilab is described. The minilab is part of an Energy Systems Lab, where students can operate a number of small thermal/vibration demonstrators systems. The SR-30 is an excellent point-demonstrator of the unique capabilities of turbomachines. The turbine installation required some non-permanent building modifications, which are briefly described. The operation has been smooth,
A heat and mass transfer test stand was fabricated and used to investigate nonisothermal falling ... more A heat and mass transfer test stand was fabricated and used to investigate nonisothermal falling film absorption of water vapor into a solution of aqueous lithium bromide. The absorber was made of borosilicate glass for visual inspection of the failing film. Experiments were conducted on internally cooled tubes of about 0.019 m outside diameter and of 1.53 m length. Testing evaluated a single absorber tube`s performance at varying operating conditions, namely different cooling-water flow rates, solution flow rates, pressures, temperatures, and concentrations. Advanced surfaces were identified that enhanced absorber load and the mass of absorbed vapor. A pin-fin tube with 6.4mm pitch absorbed about 225% more mass than did a smooth tube. A grooved tube was the d best performer with 175% enhancement over the smooth tube. Increasing the cooling water flow rate to 1.893 à 10â»â´ m³/s caused about a 300% increase in the mass absorbed for the grooved tube compared with the smooth tube. ...
As in-situ, real-time refractometer has been developed for the measurement of absorbent concentra... more As in-situ, real-time refractometer has been developed for the measurement of absorbent concentration in absorption machines. the refractive index of the absorber fluid is determined by measuring light loss from optical fiber cables which are immersed in the solution. The optical fibers have been modified by removing a portion of the cladding from the center of hard clad fiber optics to expose a segment of the core. The exposed portions of the fiber cores are placed at points within an absorption machine for which the measurement of absorbent concentration is desired. The entrance face of all modified fibers is illuminated with a light source. The amount of light lost from the core of each fiber to the absorber solution surrounding the fibers is measured and is directly related to the refractive index of the solution. Because the refractive index of a solution is a function of temperature, a thermocouple junction is placed adjacent to each of the exposed fibers to measure and compen...
This book contains papers presented at the International Absorption Heat Pump Conference held at ... more This book contains papers presented at the International Absorption Heat Pump Conference held at New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1994. The topics of the papers include GAX cycles, absorption additives, ammonia/water cycles, double effect cycles, heat/mass transfer enhancement, absorber design, triple effect cycles, special topics, alternative working fluids, cycle modeling, second law analysis, solid-vapor cycles, compression-absorption cycles, hybrid cycles, and lithium bromide aqueous solution properties.
The importance of developing improved teaching tools for design of thermal systems has been recog... more The importance of developing improved teaching tools for design of thermal systems has been recognized at Penn State University, USA. This paper describes an undergraduate energy systems laboratory to be implemented at the Mechanical Engineering Department, under primary sponsorship from Texaco, NSF and internal matching funds. This lab will be implemented by judicious selection of test stands allowing the students to experiment with actual machines. Three test stands have been procured in order to allow the students to exercise and reinforce the theoretical knowledge acquired in the thermal courses, and to appreciate the comprehensive nature of design activities. The authors plan to have an internal combustion engine, a steam Rankine cycle and a refrigeration system. Other issues illustrating the integrating nature of the design activity, such as considerations of vibration, noise, fatigue, material selection and environmental compliance will also be addressed as the laboratory dev...
An understanding of the absorption process and of the techniques that can be employed for its enh... more An understanding of the absorption process and of the techniques that can be employed for its enhancement is an important step in the development of the technology. This paper reports on ongoing experimental efforts toward developing that understanding, as well as on related research already completed in the area. The experimental apparatus under construction is described, with the techniques to be employed. Absorber performance data analysis requires accurate property values in the form of computer routines. The routines developed to date are described here. A brief status report of the development of a fiber optics instrument, which will monitor concentration at different absorber locations, is also included. 19 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.
Large quantities of low temperature heat are rejected in the form of cooling water, condensate, a... more Large quantities of low temperature heat are rejected in the form of cooling water, condensate, and process water in the industrial sector. Whereas the energy rejected in this form at temperatures between 40 and 80°C amounts to 2.95 x 10¹ⵠkJ/yr, 2.42 x 10¹ⵠkJ/yr for process energy are used in the form of hot water and steam in the United States. Federal nuclear facilities are among the few larger residual heat sources in which a considerable amount of process cooling water is discharged. At the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant along, 1968 MW of thermal energy is contained in a 1.83 x 10ⴠkg/s (2.9 x 10ⵠgpm) cooling water stream at a temperature of 63°C. This residual heat source has been the subject of many heat utilization studies. Although the low temperature residual heat sources represent a sizable thermal resource, their temperature precludes the use of most thermal energy recovery and utilization technologies. Advanced energy recovery technology is needed to ut...
Large quantities of low temperature heat in the industrial sector are rejected in the cooling wat... more Large quantities of low temperature heat in the industrial sector are rejected in the cooling water, condensate, and process water streams. While the energy rejected in these streams at temperatures between 40 and 80°C amounts to 2.95 x 10⹠GJ/y, 2.42 x 10⹠GJ/y of process energy in the form of hot water and steam are needed in the United States. Industrial heat pumps, that recover the low temperature heat energy and upgrade it to a more usable temperature level, may improve the energy supply and demand situation. Two heat activated heat pump concepts - an absorption cycle system and an open cycle system are analyzed from the conceptual systems design and energy savings point of view. The results of the analysis and further research needs are presented.
Journal of Heat Transfer, 1984
Evaporative coolers are three-fluid heat exchangers used to reject heat to the environment. A mix... more Evaporative coolers are three-fluid heat exchangers used to reject heat to the environment. A mixture of air and recirculating water is used as the cooling medium. In this paper, the heat and mass transfer processes taking place in a vertical-tube evaporative cooler are studied. A steady-state, one-dimensional model of cooler performance is formulated and is validated by experimental measurements, taken